Background Briefing 2013 Background Briefing

Overview 1 Tools 2 Ibrahim Index of African Governance 3 Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership 4 Ibrahim Prize Laureates 5 Ibrahim Forum 7 Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships 8 Ibrahim Scholarships 9

Acronyms:

ACP : African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States AfDB : African Development Bank AU : African Union AUC : American University in Cairo CEIBS : China Europe International Business School CoDA : Coalition for Dialogue on Africa COSATU : Congress of South African Trade Unions GAIN : Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition GCA : Global Coalition for Africa IFAD : International Fund for Agricultural Development IIAG : Ibrahim Index of African Governance LBS : OAU : Organisation of African Unity SOAS : School of Oriental and African Studies UN : United Nations UNECA : United Nations Economic Commission for Africa WTO : World Trade Organization

www.moibrahimfoundation.org /MoIbrahimFoundation @Mo_IbrahimFdn Overview

The Mo Ibrahim Foundation was established in 2006 with a focus on the The Board critical importance of leadership and governance in Africa. By providing The Foundation is governed by a Board of Directors comprised of: tools to support advancements in leadership and governance, the Foundation aims to bring about meaningful change on the continent. Mo Ibrahim Founder and Chair, Mo Ibrahim Foundation; Founder, Celtel The Foundation, which is a non-grant making organisation, helps to International define, assess and enhance governance and leadership in Africa using the following tools: Lord Cairns Former Chairman, Actis Capital LLP; Former Chief Executive Officer, SG • Ibrahim Index of African Governance Warburg • Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership • Ibrahim Forum Nathalie Delapalme • Ibrahim Fellowships and Scholarships Executive Director - Research and Policy, Mo Ibrahim Foundation; Former Advisor on Africa and Development Issues to various French Leadership and governance in Africa Foreign Ministers Africa has made considerable progress in recent years. However, the continent now faces a number of challenges. How can it translate its Hadeel Ibrahim wealth of resources into improved quality of life for its citizens, in an Executive Director - Strategy and External Relations, Mo Ibrahim equitable and sustainable way? What should governments do when their Foundation GDP growth is not matched by employment gains? Why are political and human rights still lagging in many areas, despite significant economic Abdoulie Janneh progress? Executive Director - Liaison with Governments and Institutions in Africa, Mo Ibrahim Foundation; Former Under Secretary-General, UN These challenges pose a threat to Africa’s success and potential and Executive Secretary of UNECA transformation in the long-term. But all of these challenges can be met through good leadership and governance on the continent. Sir Ketumile Masire Co-Chairperson, GCA; Former President of Botswana Leadership is about making choices, defining priorities, and taking risks. Governance is about implementing these choices. Jay Naidoo Chair of the Board and Partnership Council, GAIN; Founding General Governments need to define a strategy – a “business plan” – built on an Secretary, COSATU inclusive vision which assesses and prioritises challenges and issues, makes the best use of human, natural and financial resources and closely Mary Robinson monitors results and implementation. UN Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region of Africa; Former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights; Former President of Ireland

Salim Ahmed Salim Former Secretary-General, OAU; Former Prime Minister of Tanzania

www.moibrahimfoundation.org 1 /MoIbrahimFoundation @Mo_IbrahimFdn Mo Ibrahim Foundation Background Briefing

Tools

Ibrahim Index of African Governance Ibrahim Forum Established in 2007, the IIAG is the most comprehensive collection of Established in 2010, the Ibrahim Forum is an annual high-level discussion quantitative data on governance in Africa. Compiled in partnership with forum tackling issues of critical importance to Africa. Bringing together a experts from a number of the continent’s institutions, it provides an diverse range of stakeholders, the Forum identifies specific policy annual assessment of governance in every African country. The IIAG challenges and priorities for action. Previous Forums have dealt with: provides a framework for citizens, governments, institutions and business African Youth (2012), African Agriculture (2011) and African Regional to assess the delivery of public goods and services, and policy outcomes, Economic Integration (2010). Data and research on Forum issues are across Africa. compiled by the Foundation as the basis for informed and constructive debate. Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership Established in 2007, the Ibrahim Prize celebrates excellence in African Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships leadership. It is awarded to a former Executive Head of State or Established in 2010, the Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships form a selective Government by an independent Prize Committee composed of eminent programme designed to identify and support potential African leaders of figures, including two Nobel Laureates. It celebrates African leaders who the future. The Ibrahim Leadership Fellows receive mentoring from the have developed their countries, lifted people out of poverty and paved current leaders of key multilateral institutions. Fellows are currently the way for sustainable and equitable prosperity. Previous Ibrahim hosted at AfDB, UNECA and WTO. Laureates include President of (2007), President Festus Mogae of Botswana (2008), President Pedro Pires of Ibrahim Scholarships Cape Verde (2011) and President Nelson Mandela of South Africa Established in 2007, and evolving to accommodate shifting African (Honorary). The Laureates provide role models for the continent. The Prize dynamics, the Ibrahim Scholarships support aspiring African leaders at a Committee may choose not to award the Prize, as was the case in 2009, number of distinguished academic institutions. The scholarships develop 2010 and 2012. the talent of outstanding young Africans in selected disciplines. Current partnerships are with AUC, LBS, SOAS and the . The Foundation also endorses CEIBS.

2 www.moibrahimfoundation.org /MoIbrahimFoundation @Mo_IbrahimFdn Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG)

Established in 2007, the IIAG is the most comprehensive collection of 2013 IIAG Rankings and Scores* quantitative data on governance in Africa. Compiled in partnership with Rank Score / 100 experts from a number of the continent’s institutions, it provides an 1 Mauritius 82.9 annual assessment of governance in every African country. The IIAG 2 Botswana 77.6 provides a framework for citizens, governments, institutions and business 3 Cape Verde 76.7 4 Seychelles 75.0 to assess the delivery of public goods and services, and policy outcomes, 5 South Africa 71.3 across Africa. 6 Namibia 69.5 7 Ghana 66.8 The IIAG provides: 8 Tunisia 66.0 • a framework for stakeholders to assess the delivery of public goods 9 Lesotho 61.9 and services, and policy outcomes, in every African country 10 Senegal 61.0 • a tool with which to govern, highlighting continental, regional, 11 São Tomé & Príncipe 59.9 12 Zambia 59.6 national and thematic governance results 13 Benin 58.7 14 Morocco 58.0 The data are classified within four categories: Safety & Rule of Law, 15 Rwanda 57.8 Participation & Human Rights, Sustainable Economic Opportunity and 16 Malawi 56.9 Human Development. 17 Tanzania 56.9 18 Uganda 56.0 The IIAG is compiled using many international and African sources. A full 19 Egypt 55.0 20 Mozambique 54.8 list of sources can be found at www.moibrahimfoundation.org. 21 Kenya 53.6 22 Gambia 53.6 Partnerships 23 Burkina Faso 53.0 Paucity of data in Africa remains a core concern for the Foundation. Many 24 Gabon 52.8 crucial indicators of governance, such as poverty, do not yet meet the 25 Algeria 52.5 Foundation’s inclusion criteria, specifically with regards to time series and 26 Swaziland 50.8 country coverage. 27 Mali 50.7 28 Niger 50.4 29 Liberia 50.3 The Foundation funds two major African initiatives: 30 Djibouti 48.2 31 Sierra Leone 48.0 1. The Foundation is working with Afrobarometer to expand its citizen 32 Comoros 47.8 surveys to cover over two thirds of African countries. 33 Ethiopia 47.6 34 Mauritania 47.3 2. The Foundation is working with the Global Integrity Trust to create 35 Cameroon 47.0 36 Togo 45.8 the African Integrity Indicators. The Trust maintains a network of 37 Madagascar 45.7 experts in every African country to provide assessments of key social, 38 Libya 45.3 economic and political indicators. 39 Angola 44.5 40 Burundi 43.8 These two initiatives will provide new sources of data for the IIAG, which 41 Nigeria 43.4 will enable a more robust assessment of progress in Africa. 42 Guinea 43.2 43 Congo 43.0 44 Côte d'Ivoire 40.9 45 Equatorial Guinea 40.9 46 Guinea-Bissau 37.1 47 Zimbabwe 35.4 48 Chad 33.0 49 Central African Republic 32.7 50 Eritrea 31.9 51 Congo, Democratic Rep. 31.3 52 Somalia 8.0 * The 2013 IIAG does not include South or Sudan due to insufficient data availability. www.moibrahimfoundation.org 3 /MoIbrahimFoundation @Mo_IbrahimFdn Mo Ibrahim Foundation Background Briefing

Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership

Established in 2007, the Ibrahim Prize celebrates excellence in African Ibrahim Prize Laureates leadership. It is awarded to a former Executive Head of State or Government by an independent Prize Committee composed of eminent 2007 President Joaquim Chissano | Mozambique figures, including two Nobel Laureates. President Chissano received the inaugural Ibrahim Prize for his achievements in bringing peace, reconciliation, The Ibrahim Prize: stable democracy and economic progress to • recognises and celebrates African leaders who have developed their Mozambique following the civil war. countries, lifted people out of poverty and paved the way for sustainable and equitable prosperity 2008 President Festus Mogae | Botswana • highlights exceptional role models for the continent President Mogae was awarded the second Ibrahim Prize • ensures that Africa continues to benefit from the experience and for his role in maintaining and consolidating Botswana's expertise of exceptional leaders when they leave national office, by stability and prosperity in the face of an HIV/AIDS enabling them to continue in other public roles on the continent pandemic which threatened the future of his country and people. Criteria: • former African Executive Head of State or Government 2011 President Pedro Pires | Cape Verde • left office in the last three years President Pires was awarded the 2011 Ibrahim Prize for • democratically elected his role in transforming Cape Verde into a model of • served his/her constitutionally mandated term democracy, stability and increased prosperity. • demonstrated exceptional leadership Honorary President Nelson Mandela | South Africa The Ibrahim Prize is the largest annually awarded prize in the President Mandela is recognised throughout the world world, consisting of: as one of the most exceptional leaders of our time. • US$5 million over ten years During a life of personal sacrifice, he dedicated himself • US$200 000 per year for life thereafter to the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, and served as that country's first President. It is also possible for Ibrahim Laureates to apply for an additional US$200 000 per year for philanthropic activities. In 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2013 the Prize was not awarded by the Prize Committee.

Prize Committee The winner of the Ibrahim Prize is selected by an independent Prize Committee, appointed by the Foundation Board, comprised of: Salim Ahmed Salim (Chair) | Former Secretary-General, OAU; Former Prime Minister of Tanzania; Mo Ibrahim Foundation Board Member Martti Ahtisaari | Former President of Finland; Nobel Laureate Aïcha Bah Diallo | President, Network for Education for All in Africa; Former Minister of Education in Guinea Mohamed ElBaradei | Director General Emeritus, International Atomic Energy Agency; Nobel Laureate Graça Machel | President, Foundation for Community Development; Former Minister of Education in Mozambique Festus Mogae | Chairperson, CoDA; Former President of Botswana; 2008 Ibrahim Prize Laureate Mary Robinson | UN Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region of Africa; Former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; Former President of Ireland; Mo Ibrahim Foundation Board Member

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l r . l r t a o a t o d d s a l l t h y e a s - t f l Ibrahim Forum

Established in 2010, the Ibrahim Forum is an annual high-level discussion Previous Ibrahim Forums forum tackling issues of critical importance to Africa. Bringing together a 2012 Dakar, Senegal | African Youth: Fulfilling the Potential diverse range of stakeholders, the Forum identifies specific policy African youth: An asset or a liability? | Chair: President challenges and priorities for action. Previous Forums have dealt with: Olusegun Obasanjo, former President of Nigeria African Youth (2012), African Agriculture (2011) and African Regional Employment outlook: Setting the global and regional Economic Integration (2010). Data and research on Forum issues are context of the potential demand | Chair: Lamido Sanusi, compiled by the Foundation as the basis for informed and constructive Governor, Central Bank of Nigeria debate. Ensuring African youth competitiveness: Developing the right skills and providing adequate tools | Chair: Carlos Lopes, Executive Secretary, UNECA Acquiring social and political responsibility | Chair: President Festus Mogae, former President of Botswana Concluding session | Chair: Archbishop Desmond Tutu

2011 Tunis, Tunisia | African Agriculture: From Meeting Needs to Creating Wealth Stating the issues | Chair: Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Coordinating Minister for the Economy and Minister of Finance, Nigeria At the national level: Building a modern, equitable and efficient agriculture sector | Chair: Jay Naidoo, Chair, GAIN At the continental level: Increasing intra-African trade | Chair: Abdoulie Janneh, Executive Secretary, UNECA At the global level: Africa as a player | Chair: Donald Kaberuka, President, AfDB Concluding session | Chair: Kanayo Nwanze, President, IFAD

2010 Port Louis, Mauritius | African Regional Economic Integration Economic management and outlooks | Chair: Donald Kaberuka, President, AfDB Infrastructure | Chair: Maria Ramos, Group Chief Executive Officer, Absa Bank / Absa Group Limited National politics | Chair: President Festus Mogae, former President of Botswana Regional politics | Chair: Mohamed Ibn Chambas, Secretary- General, ACP

www.moibrahimfoundation.org 7 /MoIbrahimFoundation @Mo_IbrahimFdn Mo Ibrahim Foundation Background Briefing

Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships

Established in 2010, the Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships form a selective Fellows programme designed to identify and support potential African leaders of the future. The Ibrahim Leadership Fellows receive mentoring from the 2013 Joan Stott | South Africa AfDB current leaders of key multilateral institutions. Joan joins the programme from Business Unity South Africa where she was an Executive Director of Economic Policy. She worked on Eligibility criteria: climate change, industrial policy, infrastructure: BRICs, and G-20. • national of an African country Prior to this she also served as Director of Fiscal Analysis at the • 7-10 years of relevant work experience National Treasury of South Africa. • Master’s Degree • under the age of 40, or 45 for women with children 2013 Rebecca Teiko Dottey | Ghana UNECA • young professional, mid-career and new executive Rebecca joins the programme from Christian Aid in Ghana where she was the Acting Country Manager providing strategic Ibrahim Leadership Fellows are hosted at: leadership, policy analysis, and programming on key issues for Africa, including gender mainstreaming and peace-building. AfDB The AfDB is a multilateral development bank that 2013 Maureen Were | Kenya WTO contributes to poverty reduction through supporting Maureen joins the programme from the Kenya School of sustainable development and social progress in its Monetary Studies where she was a Manager. She is a Central Bank regional member countries. The Bank Group of Kenya Specialist in macroeconomic modelling used for mobilises and allocates resources for investment, forecasting and policy analysis. and provides policy advice and technical assistance to support development efforts. www.afdb.org 2012 Yvonne Apea Mensah | Ghana AfDB Yvonne is a lawyer, with over seven years of experience in UNECA international policy development in Africa in the areas of trade, UNECA is one of the UN’s five regional commissions, environment and politics. promoting the economic and social development of its member states. Its mandate includes the fostering 2012 Omolade Dade | Nigeria UNECA of intra-regional integration and promotion of Omolade is a development finance professional, with strong international cooperation for Africa’s development. experience in the areas of regional integration and infrastructure UNECA’s thematic areas of focus are development. macroeconomic policy, regional integration and trade, social development, natural resources, 2012 Jacqueline Musiitwa | Uganda/Zambia WTO innovation and technology, gender and climate Jacqueline is a lawyer with leadership experience in business, change. www.uneca.org government, academia and civil society.

WTO The WTO is the only global international organisation dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. www.wto.org

8 www.moibrahimfoundation.org /MoIbrahimFoundation @Mo_IbrahimFdn Ibrahim Scholarships

Established in 2007, and evolving to accommodate shifting African Partners dynamics, the Ibrahim Scholarships support aspiring African leaders at a number of distinguished academic institutions. The scholarships develop AUC is a liberal arts university, established in 1919, to the talent of outstanding young Africans in selected disciplines. Current provide a centre of scholarship and learning about Egypt partnerships are with AUC, LBS, SOAS and the University of Birmingham. and its surrounding areas. The University has subsequently become one of the most important American University in Cairo English-language universities in the Middle East and The Foundation provides two graduate fellowships and two full North Africa. undergraduate scholarships to students of Nubian origin, with a working knowledge of the Nubian language, who wish to support the enrichment LBS is rated one of the world's top business schools. Its and preservation of Nubian culture and heritage. graduates have gone on to leadership positions in contact [email protected], +202 797 5011/2 thousands of prominent companies. It attracts a diverse mix of students from all backgrounds and nationalities. London Business School The Mo Ibrahim Foundation Scholarship for Africa supports outstanding For students of Africa, SOAS is one of the most students on the full-time MBA programme at LBS. Each year one important learning institutions in the world. The SOAS scholarship, providing full payment of fees, is awarded to an exceptional library houses an extensive collection of research and African MBA candidate with financial need. literature relating to Africa. contact [email protected], +44 (0)20 7000 7000 Founded in 1900, the University of Birmingham has a School of Oriental and African Studies long history of innovation. Its students work alongside The Governance for Development in Africa Initiative aims to build the outstanding teachers who are also researchers at the skills of bright young Africans. It supports the study of socio-economic, forefront of their fields. political and legal links between governance and development. contact Angelica Baschiera [email protected], +44 (0)20 7898 4370 The CEIBS Africa programme was launched in 2008 with the aim of becoming Africa’s leading business University of Birmingham school. Based in Accra, the programme aims to prepare The Foundation provides a scholarship for an MSc in Governance and highly competent and innovation oriented managers State-Building at the University of Birmingham. The two-year programme and executives, who are capable of negotiating Africa’s includes a six-month internship at the Foundation Secretariat. An dynamic economic environment, globalisation and exceptional African national receives full tuition fees, a living allowance international competition. and airfare to the UK. contact Debra Beard [email protected], +44 (0)121 414 5034

www.moibrahimfoundation.org 9 /MoIbrahimFoundation @Mo_IbrahimFdn www.moibrahimfoundation.org /MoIbrahimFoundation @Mo_IbrahimFdn