Initial Environment Examination
Project Number: 43464-023 June 2018 (Addendum)
IND: Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Program - Tranche 1
Submitted by
Himachal Pradesh Power Transmission Corporation Limited (HPPTCL)
This Addendum to Initial Environment Examination(IEE) has been submitted to ADB by Himachal Pradesh Power Transmission Corporation Limited (HPPTCL) and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB. This is an addendum to IEE posted in June 2011 available on https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/himachal- pradesh-clean-energy-transmission-investment-program-tranche-1. This Addendum to Initial Environment Examination Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
Addendum Initial Environmental Examination
Project Number: 43464-023-IND June, 2018
India: Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Programme
Tranche – 1
Prepared by HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited (HPPTCL)
This addendum to Initial Environment Examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 4
2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 6
2.1. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project ...... 6 2.2. Environmental Clearance ...... 7 2.3. Forests Clearance ...... 7 2.4. Wildlife Clearance ...... 7 2.5. Required Clearances/Permissions...... 7 2.6. International Agreements ...... 8 2.7. Asian Development Bank Safeguard Policies ...... 9 2.8. Project Categorization as per ADB ...... 9 3. DETAILS OF CHANGES IN SUB-PROJECTS ...... 10
3.1. Details of Changes in 220 kV D/C transmission line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Gumma): 10 3.2. Details of Changes in 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL: ...... 12 3.3. Details of Changes in 132 kV Substation Chambi ...... 14 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT...... 15
4.1 Brief Description of the Sub-Projects ...... 16 4.1.1. 220 kV D/C Transmission Line from Hatkoti to Pragati Nagar (Gumma)...... 16 4.1.2. 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL...... 16 4.1.3. 220/400 kV Substation at Pragati Nagar (Gumma) ...... 17 4.1.4. 22/66/220 kV GIS Substation at Bhoktoo with LILO of 220 kV Kashang- Bhaba line .... 17 4.1.5. 66/220/400 kV Substation at Wangtoo With LILO of 400 kV Wangtoo-Abdullapur and 220 kV Kashang - Bhaba D/C lines ...... 17 4.1.6. 132/33 kV Substation at Pandoh + LILO of one circuit of 132 kV Bajaura- Kangoo D/C Line (0.300 Km) ...... 18 4.1.7. 132 kV Substation Chambi ...... 18
5. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ...... 20
5.1. Physical Resources ...... 20 5.1.1. Ambient Air Quality ...... 20 5.1.2. Noise Quality ...... 23 5.1.3. Soil Quality...... 24 5.1.4. Water Quality of the Sub-Project Area ...... 25 5.2. Seismicity ...... 27 5.3. Ecological Resources ...... 27 5.4. Socioeconomic Profile ...... 29 6. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 32
6.1. Impact on Physical Resources ...... 32 6.1.1. Impact on Air Quality ...... 32 6.1.2. Impact on Noise Quality ...... 32 6.1.3. Impact on Water Quality ...... 33 6.1.4. Impact on Soil Quality and Geology ...... 33 6.2. Impact on Ecological Resources and Mitigation Measures ...... 34 6.2.1. Impact on Forest & Trees ...... 34 6.2.2. Impact on Wildlife ...... 35 6.3. Impact on Human Environment ...... 36 6.4. Environmental Impact Matrix ...... 36 7. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ...... 39
8. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM ...... 40
9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 41
9.1. Institutional Arrangements ...... 41 9.2. Environmental Management Plan ...... 42 9.3. Monitoring of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) ...... 43 9.4. Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 43 9.5. Environmental Monitoring Report (EMR) ...... 44 9.6. Environmental Management Budget ...... 44 10. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 46
Appendices
Appendix-I: - Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist ...... 50 Appendix-II: - Photographs of the Project Site ...... 53 Appendix-IIIA: - Alternative Route Analysis for Hatkoti-Pragatinagar (Gumma) Transmission Line54 Appendix-IIIB: - Alternative Route Analysis for LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line at Gumma Substation ...... 55 Appendix-IIIC: - Alternative Site Analysis for Chambi Substation ...... 56 Appendix-IV: - Attendance Sheet & Photographs of Public Consultation ...... 57 Appendix-V: - Grievance Redressal Committee ...... 62 Appendix-VI: - Environment and Social Monitoring Cell (ESC) ...... 63 Appendix-VII: - Environment Management Plan (EMP) ...... 64 Appendix-VIII:- Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 72
Abbreviations
ADB – Asian Development Bank ACSR – Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced AMSL – Average Mean Sea Level CEA – Central Electricity Authority CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board, Government of India DC or D/C – Double Circuit DPR – Detailed Project Report EA – Executing Agency EARF – Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMoP – Environmental Monitoring Plan EMP – Environmental Management Plan EHV – Extra High Voltage EPC – Engineering, Procurement and Construction ESC – Environment and Social Cell GHG – Green House Gases GoHP – Government of Himachal Pradesh GoI – Government of India GRM – Grievance Redressal Mechanism HP – Himachal Pradesh HPCEDIP – Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Development Investment Program HPCETIP – Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Program HPSPCB – HP State Pollution Control Board HPPCL – Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited HPPTCL – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited HPSEB – Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board IA – Implementing Agency IEE – Initial Environmental Examination LILO – Line – in- Line- out MFF – Multi-tranche Financing Facility MOEF – Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India PCB – Poly Chlorinated Biphenyl PGCIL – Power Grid Corporation of India Limited PMU – Project Management Unit ROW – Right of Way RP – Resettlement Plan SF6 – Sulphur Hexafluoride
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
ha (hectare) – 10,000 sqm km – 1,000 m kV(kil ometer) – kilovolt (1,000 volts) kW – kilowatt (1,000 kWh – kwatts)ilowatt -hour MVA – Megavolt-Amperes MW – Mega Watt
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. Himachal Pradesh is a mountainous state in northern India with a population of slightly over 6 million, has abundant water resources in the five major rivers flowing through the state from the western Himalayas. The hydropower generation potential of Himachal Pradesh is about 27436 MW, which is about one-fourth of the total hydropower potential of India. In its Hydropower Policy (2007)1, the Government of Himachal Pradesh (GoHP) targets its comparative advantage in hydropower with the goal to become the "Hydropower State" of the country.
2. The Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Program (HPCETIP) is a $350 million multi tranche financing facility (MFF) from the Asian Development Bank (ADB), which will contribute to economic development in Himachal Pradesh through expanded power supplies from clean energy sources, and support a sustainable electricity sector in the state. HPCETIP will produce the following outcomes: (i) increase availability of clean energy downstream at pooling stations for effective power evacuation in a financially sustainable manner, (ii) improve state finances and power sector financial viability from sales revenue earned from power exports, (iii) improve sector governance, (iv) improve capacity in HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited (HPPTCL) for better planning, implementation and management of power evacuation infrastructure, and energy efficiency, and (v) improvement in implementation standards of environmental and social safeguards in the sector. With ADB support, the proposed program will sustain the energy sector reform agenda, and is expected to help attract other long- term financiers to the State.
3. The addendum to ADB-approved Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report, 20112 has been prepared due to changes in scope of three subprojects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche-I). Details of the changes occurred in the scope of three subprojects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche- I) are provided below:
Details of Changes in 220 kV D/C transmission line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Gumma): The alignment and length of the transmission line has been changed. The alignment of the transmission line has been slightly changed due to shifting of Hatkoti Substation3 site. Due to shifting of substation site, three additional towers (T-39A, T-39B, and T-39C) have been added between old tower numbers T-39 and T-40. One additional tower number T-53A has been also added between old tower numbers T-53 & T-54 to maintain the required ground clearances. Total four numbers of additional towers have been introduced and number of towers increased from 76 to 80. During initial survey, the tentative length of transmission line was 26.930 km4. As contractor has been deployed and construction works are ongoing at site, the contractor has conducted revised detailed check survey and as per revised check survey details as provided in approved Tower Location Chart, the length has been reduced by 1.117 km and final revised length of transmission line is 25.824 km.
1 Government of Himachal Pradesh, 2007 Hydro Power Policy (2007), Shimla 2 The ADB approved IEE Report, June 2011 prepared for Tranche-I available on ADB website. 3 Hatkoti Substation project is covered under ADB Tranche-III 4 Please Refer Table-21 at Page No. 30 of ADB approved IEE Report, June 2011
Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 1 Details of Changes in 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to 5 LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL : Detailed description of the transmission line had not been provided in the ADB approved IEE report. The tentative length of the transmission line is 3.076 km. The alignment of the transmission line has been changed due to inclusion of four numbers of multi-circuit towers (MCTs). Earlier two separate alignments were proposed, one for line in and another for line out. Due to inclusion of four MCTs, both transmission lines (line in and line out) are passing through same tower (MCT) on one single alignment from MCT-1 to MCT-4, afterwards, the transmission line is passing through two separate alignments. Two numbers of towers have been added due to tapping arrangement & to maintain the required ground clearances. Total 15 numbers of towers have been proposed in this transmission line. Details of Changes in 132 kV Substation Chambi: Location of the substation site has been changed. Earlier substation site was proposed on government land. Now the substation is being constructed on private land, acquired by HPPTCL. Total 1.06 ha private land is required for the substation. There are no other changes in the subproject components. 4. The proposed Tranche-I subprojects are located in Kangra, Mandi, Kinnaur and Shimla districts of Himachal Pradesh. Details of sub-projects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche-I) are provided below:
220 kV D/C transmission line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Length- 25.824 km); 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL (Length- 3.076 km); 220/400 kV sub-station at Pragatinagar (Gumma); 22/66/220 kV GIS substation at Bhoktoo with LILO of 220 kV Kashang- Bhaba line; 66/220/400 kV substation at Wangtoo With LILO of 400 kV Wangtoo-Abdullapur and 220 kV Kashang- Bhaba D/C lines; 132/33 kV substation at Pandoh + LILO of one circuit of 132 kV Bajaura- Kangoo D/C Line (0.300 Km)- Shifted to Tranche-I from Tranche-II; 132 kV sub-station Chambi- Shifted to Tranche-I from Tranche-II. 5. The Tranche-I Project has been classified as environmental category “B” based on ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist (see Appendix-I). During preparation addendum to the IEE report, due consideration has been given if there is impact on environmental classification of the sub-projects, due to change of scope of sub-projects, using screening criteria as per ADB REA Checklist.
6. Any of the sub-projects are not passing through notified protected area (Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park or Conservation Reserves, etc.). No endangered or protected species of flora or fauna are reported at any of the subproject sites. Forest trees are required to be felled that fall under the RoW for which Compensatory Afforestation will be done as per Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 (along with its subsequent amendments) and as per HPPTCL’s Environment and Social Safeguards Policy 2011.
7. No archaeological/protected monument is located in the project vicinity.
5 There may be change / revision in scope of the sub-project as tower locations may have to change due to land acquisition issues. If there will be any change in the scope of the sub-project, this report shall be further updated accordingly and submitted to ADB for approval.
Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 2 8. No reliable baseline information of air, noise, water & soil quality were available for sub-project locations during ADB approved IEE report, 2011 preparation. However, collection of baseline parameters of water, air, soil, and noise have been done during construction as per ADB approved monitoring plan, which has been used for the establishment of baseline data same has been provided in this addendum to IEE report under the chapter “Description of Environment”. The quality of air, noise, water & soil is generally found good in the sub-project sites. There is no negative impact envisaged on environmental baseline during construction of sub-projects.
9. Based on the environmental assessment and surveys conducted for the project so far, it is evident that the potential adverse environmental impacts can be mitigated to an acceptable level by adequate implementation of the mitigation measures identified in the EMP. Adequate provisions have been made in the project to cover the environmental mitigation and monitoring requirements, and their associated costs. Adverse impacts if noticed during implementation will be mitigated using appropriate design and management measures.
10. Overall, the major environmental impacts associated with transmission projects are limited to the construction period and can be mitigated to an acceptable level by implementation of recommended measures and by best engineering and environmental practices. The impact matrix depicts that the project will not have significant negative environmental impacts and the project would help in improving the socio-economic conditions of this developing State. As the project falls in Category “B” as per the ADB’s REA checklist even after change in scope of sub-projects, no detailed EIA study is required.
11. Public consultations with the project affected communities, stakeholders, and government officers focused on existing environmental conditions around the proposed transmission lines/ substations and the potential impacts that could happen due to project implementation have been completed. Public Consultation is a continuous process and conducted throughout the project during design, pre-construction, construction and operation. Consultations have been organized during construction phase as well as separate Public Consultations have been organized during March & May, 2018 for the preparation of addendum IEE report in respect of the subprojects, which have revise scope. Main issues of consultation were – i) People want location of Transmission Line Route away from the habitation; ii) People wanted to know about Job & business (supply of material, labour, etc.) opportunities during construction & operation of project; iii) People wanted to know about compensation for land and trees. There are no other significant environmental issues which have been raised by people during consultation.
12. Proper Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM) has been implemented by HPPTCL to overcome public inconvenience during the sub-project activities. Copy of the office order regarding constitution of Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) at Corporate Office level & PIU level is provided in Appendix-V, Copy of the same is also uploaded on HPPTCL’s website.
13. The Executing Agency (HPPTCL) shall ensure that EMP forms part of bid document and works contract. The same shall be revised if necessary during project implementation or if there is any change in the project design and with approval of ADB.
Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 3 1. INTRODUCTION
14. Himachal Pradesh is a mountainous state in northern India with a population of slightly over 6 million, has abundant water resources in the five major rivers flowing through the state from the western Himalayas. The hydropower generation potential of Himachal Pradesh is about 27436 MW, which is about one-fourth of the total hydropower potential of India. In its Hydropower Policy (2007) 6 , the Government of Himachal Pradesh (GoHP) targets its comparative advantage in hydropower with the goal to become the "Hydropower State" of the country.
15. The Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Program (HPCETIP) is a $350 million multi tranche financing facility (MFF) from the Asian Development Bank (ADB), which will contribute to economic development in Himachal Pradesh through expanded power supplies from clean energy sources, and support a sustainable electricity sector in the state. HPCETIP will produce the following outcomes: (i) increase availability of clean energy downstream at pooling stations for effective power evacuation in a financially sustainable manner, (ii) improve state finances and power sector financial viability from sales revenue earned from power exports, (iii) improve sector governance, (iv) improve capacity in HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited (HPPTCL) for better planning, implementation and management of power evacuation infrastructure, and energy efficiency, and (v) improvement in implementation standards of environmental and social safeguards in the sector. With ADB support, the proposed program will sustain the energy sector reform agenda, and is expected to help attract other long-term financiers to the State.
16. The addendum to ADB-approved Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report, 20117 has been prepared due to changes in scope of three subprojects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche- I). Details of the changes occurred in the scope of three subprojects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche-I) are provided below:
Details of Changes in 220 kV D/C transmission line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Gumma): The alignment and length of the transmission line has been changed. The alignment of the transmission line has been slightly changed due to shifting of Hatkoti Substation8 site. Due to shifting of substation site, three additional towers (T-39A, T-39B, and T-39C) have been added between old tower numbers T-39 and T-40. One additional tower number T-53A has been also added between old tower numbers T-53 & T-54 to maintain the required ground clearances. Total four numbers of additional towers have been introduced and number of towers increased from 76 to 80. During initial survey, the tentative length of transmission line was 26.930 km9. As contractor has been deployed and construction works are ongoing at site, the contractor has conducted revised detailed check survey and as per revised check survey details as provided in approved Tower Location Chart, the length has been reduced by 1.117 km and final revised length of transmission line is 25.824 km.
6 Government of Himachal Pradesh, 2007 Hydro Power Policy (2007), Shimla 7 The ADB approved IEE Report, June 2011 prepared for Tranche-I available on ADB website. 8 Hatkoti Substation project is covered under ADB Tranche-III 9 Please Refer Table-21 at Page No. 30 of ADB approved IEE Report, June 2011
Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 4 Details of Changes in 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to 10 LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL : Detailed description of the transmission line had not been provided in the ADB approved IEE report. The tentative length of the transmission line is 3.076 km. The alignment of the transmission line has been changed due to inclusion of four numbers of multi-circuit towers (MCTs). Earlier two separate alignments were proposed, one for line in and another for line out. Due to inclusion of four MCTs, both transmission lines (line in and line out) are passing through same tower (MCT) on one single alignment from MCT-1 to MCT-4, afterwards, the transmission line is passing through two separate alignments. Two numbers of towers have been added due to tapping arrangement & to maintain the required ground clearances. Total 15 numbers of towers have been proposed in this transmission line. Details of Changes in 132 kV Substation Chambi: Location of the substation site has been changed. Earlier substation site was proposed on government land. Now the substation is being constructed on private land, acquired by HPPTCL. Total 1.06 ha private land is required for the substation. There are no other changes in the subproject components. 17. The proposed Tranche-I subprojects are located in Kangra, Mandi, Kinnaur and Shimla districts of Himachal Pradesh. Details of sub-projects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche-I) are provided below: 220 kV D/C transmission line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Length- 25.824 km); 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL (Length- 3.076 km); 220/400 kV sub-station at Pragatinagar (Gumma); 22/66/220 kV GIS substation at Bhoktoo with LILO of 220 kV Kashang- Bhaba line; 66/220/400 kV substation at Wangtoo With LILO of 400 kV Wangtoo-Abdullapur and 220 kV Kashang- Bhaba D/C lines; 132/33 kV substation at Pandoh + LILO of one circuit of 132 kV Bajaura- Kangoo D/C Line (0.300 Km)- Shifted to Tranche-I from Tranche-II; 132 kV sub-station Chambi- Shifted to Tranche-I from Tranche-II. 18. In order to prepare this addendum to originally prepared IEE Report, The Environmental Consultant along with PIU staff visited the project site & office of the PIU in the month of May, 2018 and Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) checklist was prepared based on the observations recorded during the site visit. REA checklist and photographs of the project site are enclosed as Appendix-I and Appendix-II respectively. 19. The Tranche-I Project has been classified as environmental category “B” based on ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist. During preparation of addendum to the IEE report, due consideration has been given if there is impact on environmental classification of the sub-projects, due to change of scope of sub-projects, using screening criteria as per ADB REA Checklist. 20. This report is proposed as “Addendum” to the ADB-approved IEE report on account of changes in three sub-projects under loan no. 2794-IND (Tranche-I). Therefore, the report would capture the information on the environmental implications associated with the changes in sub- projects.
10 There may be change / revision in scope of the sub-project as tower locations may have to change due to land acquisition issues. If there will be any change in the scope of the sub-project, this report shall be further updated accordingly and submitted to ADB for approval.
Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 5 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
21. India has well defined institutional and legislative framework. The legislation covers all components of environment viz. air, water, soil, terrestrial and aquatic flora and fauna, natural resources, and sensitive habitats. The environmental legislations in India are framed to protect the valued environmental components and comply with its commitment to international community under various conventions and protocols as well. Asian Development Bank has also developed interventions to guide social and environment safeguards, in their Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009. This assessment is about the applicability of above laws and regulations, and safeguards. This chapter summarizes the following:
Applicability of various National and local laws and regulations at different stages of project implementations; Applicability of ADB safeguards policies and categorization of the project. 2.1. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project
22. The legal framework of the country consists of several acts, notifications, rules, and regulations to protect environment, forest and wildlife. Key policies, acts and regulations relevant for the project are provided in table-1 below.
Table-1: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislation
Responsible Act Objective Applicability Institution
Environment (Protection) Act Applicable to all (1986) and subsequent To protect and improve the overall environment MoEFCC /CPCB sub-projects amendments Environmental Impact To provide guidance on environmental Assessment (EIA) clearance requirements and clarification on MoEFCC Not Applicable Notification, 2006 and related specific technical issues subsequent amendments
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 To protect wild animals and birds through the MoEFCC Not Applicable and subsequent amendments creation of National Parks and Sanctuaries The Water (Prevention and To provide for the prevention and control of Applicable to all Control of Pollution) Act 1974 water pollution and the maintaining or restoring CPCB / SPCB sub-projects and subsequent amendments of wholesomeness of water. To provide for the prevention, control and The Air (Prevention and abatement of air pollution, and for the Applicable to all Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 CPCB / SPCB establishment of Boards to carry out these sub-projects and subsequent amendments purposes.
Construction and Demolition To protect the evironment against improper Applicable to all Waste Management Rules, handling, storage and disposal of Construction CPCB / SPCB sub-projects 2016 and Demolition Waste
Hazardous Waste To protect the general public against (Management, Handling and Applicable to all improper handling, storage and disposal of CPCB / SPCB Trans-boundary Movement) sub-projects hazardous wastes Rules 2016
To protect the general public against Solid Waste Management CPCB/SPCB/Local Applicable to all improper handling, storage and disposal of Rules, 2016 Authority sub-projects solid & domestic hazardous wastes
The Forest (Conservation) Act MoEFCC / State Forest Applicable for the 1980 and subsequent To protect and manage forests Department subprojects amendments require diversion
Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 6 of forest land To control vehicular air and noise pollution. To Central Motor Vehicle Act regulate development of the transport sector, State Transport Applicable to all (1988) and Rules (1988) check and control vehicular air and Noise Department sub-projects pollution.
Ancient Monuments and Conservation of Cultural and historical remains Archaeological Archaeological Sites and Not Applicable found in India. Remains (1958) Dept. GOI
Building and Other To regulate the employment and conditions of construction workers service of building and other construction Ministry of Labour and Applicable to all (Regulation and the workers and to provide for their safety, health Employment sub-projects Employment and conditions of and welfare measures service) Act, 1996
To regulate the employment of children Child labour (Prohibition and including age limits, type of employment, timing Ministry of Labour and Applicable to all Regulation) Act, 1986 of work, information disclosure and health and Employment sub-projects safety. 2.2. Environmental Clearance
23. Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Government of India’s (GoI) through Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006 and its subsequent amendments, made mandatory Environmental Clearance for the projects listed in the schedule of the said EIA Notification. The projects, listed in the schedule of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments, are required to obtain Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC / SEIAA. Power Transmission projects have been exempted from Environmental Clearance as they are not listed in the schedule of EIA Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments.
2.3. Forests Clearance
24. As per Forests Conservation Act (1980), any project requiring diversion of forests land for non-forestry purposes require forest clearance from MoEF&CC for the same. The forestry clearance is granted through two stages process.
25. Since few subproject sites are located in forest area, clearance under Forest Conservation Act, 1980 is required from MoEF&CC before starting construction activities in forest areas for sub projects located in the forest. Details of the sub-projects required forest clearance and status of clearance is provided in the chapter “Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures”.
2.4. Wildlife Clearance
26. Wildlife clearance under Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 is required for the projects located within notified protected areas (Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park, etc.). As the subproject sites are not located within notified protected areas or its Eco-sensitive zone, Wildlife clearance is not required.
2.5. Required Clearances/Permissions
27. For construction of the transmission lines & substations, required clearances/ permissions related to environment has been summarized in Table-2 below.
Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 7 Table-2: Permissions/Clearances Required for the Subproject
S. Permissions/ Acts/ Rules/ Concerned Responsibility No. Clearances Notifications/Guidelines Agency A. Pre-construction Stage Forest Clearance Forest Conservation Act (1980) & for Diversion of State Forest Forest (Conservation) Amendment 1 Forest Land & Department & HPPTCL Rules, 2014 with subsequent Cutting of Forest MoEF&CC. amendments Trees B. Construction Stage H.P State Pollution Consent to Air (Prevention and Control Control Board operate for 2 Pollution) Act, 1981 with subsequent (To be Contractor Crushers & amendments obtained Batching plant before installation) H.P State Pollution Authorization for Control Board Hazardous Waste (Management and 3 Disposal of Contractor Handling) Rules 2016 (To be hazardous waste obtained before generation) H.P. State Consent for Pollution Water (Prevention and Control of Control Board 4 Disposal sewage Pollution) Act, 1974 with subsequent Contractor amendments (Before from labor camps setting up the camp) Department of Transport, Pollution Under Central Motor and Vehicle Act, 1988 Government 5 Control Contractor with subsequent amendments of H.P. Certificate authorized testing centers The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation and District Employing 6 Employment Conditions of Service) Labour Contractor Labour / Workers Act, 1996 with subsequent Commissioner amendments 2.6. International Agreements
28. India has been playing an active role in environmental conservation since the first United Nations (UN) conference on Human Environment in Stockholm in 1972 and recognizes that protection of environment is closely linked to combating poverty. Key international agreements that India is signatory to and relevant for the project are provided below:
Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 8 Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, (Ramsar, 1971) Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (Paris, 1972) Convention in International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (Washington, 1973) Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Bonn, 1979) Convention on the Prior Informed Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade (PIC or Rotterdam, 1990) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Rio De Janeiro, 1992) (vii) Convention on Biological Diversity (Rio De Janeiro, 1992) Protocol to the United Nations Convention on Climate Change (Kyoto, 1997) 2.7. Asian Development Bank Safeguard Policies 29. The Asian Development Bank has defined its safeguard requirements in the Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS). The prime objectives of these safeguard policies are to: (i) avoid adverse impacts of projects on the environment and affected people, where possible; and (ii) minimize, mitigate, and/or compensate for adverse project impacts on the environment and affected people when avoidance is not possible. 2.8. Project Categorization as per ADB 30. ADB uses a classification system to reflect the significance of a project’s potential environmental impacts. A project’s category is determined by the category of its most environmentally sensitive component, including direct, indirect, cumulative, and induced impacts in the project’s area of influence. Each proposed project is scrutinized as to its type, location, scale, and sensitivity and the magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. Projects are assigned to one of the following four categories: (i) Category A: A proposed project is classified as category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required. (ii) Category B: A proposed project is classified as category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts are less adverse than those of category A projects. These impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for category A projects. An initial environmental examination is required. (iii) Category C: A proposed project is classified as category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications need to be reviewed. (iv) Category FI: A proposed project is classified as category FI if it involves investment of ADB funds to or through a FI. 31. Using the prescribed ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist (see Appendix-I), Tranche 1 project was classified as environmental category “B”.
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32. This addendum to ADB-approved Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report11 has been prepared due to changes in the scope of three sub-projects. The details of the changes in the scope of sub-projects are provided in the following paragraphs.
3.1. Details of Changes in 220 kV D/C transmission line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Gumma): 33. The alignment and length of the transmission line has been changed. The alignment of the transmission line has been slightly changed due to shifting of Hatkoti Substation12 site. Due to shifting of substation site, three additional towers (T-39A, T-39B, and T-39C) have been added between old tower numbers T-39 and T-40. One additional tower number T-53A has been also added between old tower numbers T-53 & T-54 to maintain the required ground clearances. Total four numbers of additional towers have been introduced and number of towers increased from 76 to 80. 34. During initial survey, the tentative length of transmission line was 26.930 km 13 . As contractor has been deployed and construction works are ongoing at site, the contractor has conducted revised detailed check survey and as per revised check survey details as provided in approved Tower Location Chart, the length has been reduced by 1.117 km and final revised length of transmission line is 25.824 km. Map showing old alignment and revised alignment of transmission line is provided in figure-1 & figure-2 respectively. Appendix-IIIA provides details of the alternatives considered during final route selection.
11 The ADB approved IEE Report, June 2011 prepared for Tranche-I available on ADB website. 12 Hatkoti Substation project is covered under ADB Tranche-III 13 Please Refer Table-21 at Page No. 30 of ADB approved IEE Report, June 2011
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Figure-1: Map Showing Old Alignment of 220 kV D/C Transmission Line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Gumma)
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Figure-2: Map Showing Revised Alignment of 220 kV D/C Transmission Line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Gumma)
3.2. Details of Changes in 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL14: 35. Detailed description of the transmission line had not been provided in the ADB approved IEE report. The tentative length of the transmission line is 3.076 km. The alignment of the transmission line has been changed due to inclusion of four numbers of multi-circuit towers (MCTs). Earlier two separate alignments have been proposed, one for line in and another for line out. Map showing old alignment of transmission line (red line) is provided in figure-3. 36. Due to inclusion of four MCTs, both transmission lines (line in and line out) are passing through same tower (MCT) on one single alignment from MCT-1 to MCT-4, afterwards, the transmission line is passing through two separate alignments. Two numbers of towers have been added due to tapping arrangement & to maintain the required ground clearances. Total 15 numbers of towers have been proposed in this transmission line. Map showing revised alignment of transmission line is provided in figure-4. Appendix-IIIB provides details of the alternatives considered during route selection.
14 There may be change / revision in scope of the sub-project as tower locations may have to change due to land acquisition issues. If there will be any change in the scope of the sub-project, this report shall be further updated accordingly and submitted to ADB for approval.
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Figure-3: Map showing old alignment of LILO of 400 kV D/C Transmission Line (red colour) at 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma
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Figure-4: Map Showing Revised Alignment of LILO of 400 kV D/C Transmission Line at 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma
3.3. Details of Changes in 132 kV Substation Chambi 37. Location of the substation site has been changed. Earlier substation site was proposed on government land. Now the substation is being constructed on private land, acquired by HPPTCL. Total 1.06 ha private land is required for the substation. There are no other changes in the subproject components. Appendix-IIIC provides details of the alternatives considered during final site selection.
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4. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
38. The description of the project is detailed out in ADB approved IEE Report 2011. Since, original scope of two sub-projects has been changed and two sub-projects shifted to Tranche-I (Loan No. 2794-IND) from Tranche-II (Loan No. 3001-IND), hence description of the sub-projects have been updated and provided in following sections.
39. The Tranche-I components of the Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Project include construction of Power Transmission Lines & Sub-stations. Details of sub-projects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche-I) are provided in following table-3.
Table-3: Details of the Subprojects of Tranche-I. S. Name of Component of No. Sub-Project Sub-Project 220 kV D/C Transmission Line length-25.824 km 220 kV D/C transmission line 1 Total towers-80 No. from Hatkoti to Pragati Nagar Conductor- Twin Moose 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station 400 kV D/C Transmission Line Gumma to LILO point for Line Length- 3.076 KM 2 interconnection with 400 KV Towers- 15 Nos. Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of Conductors- Triple snow bird PGCIL i) 400 KV GIS bays a) Line bays- 4 Nos b) Transformer bays- 1No. c) Bus coupler bay-1No. d) Spare transformer bay-1 No. 220/400 kV Substation at ii)220 KV GIS bays 3 Pragati Nagar (Gumma) a) Line bays- 2 Nos b) Transformer bays- 1No. c) Bus coupler bay-1No. d) Spare transformer bay-1 No. iii) Transformers a) 3x105 MVA, 33/220/400 KV transformer with 1 No spare transformer - 1 bank. i) a) Line bays- 2 Nos b) Transformer bays- 1No. c) Bus coupler bay-1No. ii) 66KV GIS bays a) Line bays- 1 No. 22/66/220 kV GIS Substation at b) Transformer bays- 2 No 4 Bhoktoo with LILO of 220 kV Bus coupler bay-1No. Kashang- Bhaba line iii) a) 25/31.5 MVA, 220/66 KV transformer - 1No. 10 MVA, 66/22 KV transformer - 2 No The scope also includes, control room & GIS buildings, and other associated civil & Electrical works. and LILO of 220 kV Kashang- Bhaba line i) 400 KV GIS bays 66/220/400 kV Substation at a) Line bays- 4 Nos Wangtoo With LILO of 400 kV 5 b) Transformer bays- 2No. Wangtoo-Abdullapur and 220 c) Bus coupler bay-1No. kV Kashang- Bhaba D/C lines d)Spare transformer bay-1 No.
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ii)220 KV GIS bays a) Line bays- 4 Nos b) Transformer bays- 4No. c) Bus coupler bay-1No. d) Spare transformer bay-1 No. iii) 66 KV GIS bays a) Line bays- 4 Nos b) Transformer bays- 2No. c) Bus coupler bay-1No. iv) Transformers a) 2x3x105 MVA, 33/220/400 KV transformer with 1 No spare transformer -2 b) 100 MVA 66/220 KV- 2 Nos. And LILO of 400 kV Wangtoo-Abdullapur and 220 kV Kashang- Bhaba D/C lines 132/33 kV Substation at Pandoh 132/33 kV substation; + LILO of one circuit of 132 kV 6 And LILO of one circuit of 132 kV Bajaura- Kangoo D/C Bajaura- Kangoo D/C Line Line (0.300 Km) (0.300 Km) in Distt. Mandi. 132 kV Substation Chambi 132 kV substation 7
4.1 Brief Description of the Sub-Projects
40. The proposed Tranche-I sub-projects are located in Kangra, Mandi, Kinnaur and Shimla districts of Himachal Pradesh. Figure-5 shows the indicative location of the transmission lines and the substations under Tranche-I sub-projects. Detailed description of the sub-projects under Tranche-I are provided in following sections.
4.1.1. 220 kV D/C Transmission Line from Hatkoti to Pragati Nagar (Gumma) 41. The sub-project transmission line (TL) traverse from Hatkoti to Pragati Nagar (Gumma), covering total length of 25.824 km. Total 80 number of towers are proposed in this line. The TL route is passing through private as well as on forest land. Total 22.8775 ha of forest land required for the tower base & RoW of transmission line. Total 1.648 ha private land is acquired for tower base.
42. The line will be constructed on self-supporting latticed type steel towers with Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) Moose conductor in bundle of two conductors per phase. Due to limited corridor and surge impedance loading consideration and quantum of power of 524 MW in N-115 contingency, Twin bundle conductor will be used.
4.1.2. 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL16 43. The sub-project transmission line (TL) traverse from Pragati Nagar (Gumma) Sub-station
15 The N-1 contingency is where all loads can be restored even if any single component fails (i.e. N-1 components still available) 16 There may be change / revision in scope of the sub-project as tower locations may have to change due to land acquisition issues. If there will be any change in the scope of the sub-project, this report shall be further updated accordingly and submitted to ADB for approval.
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to LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL, covering total length of 3.076 km. Total 15 number of towers are proposed in this line. The TL is passing through private as well as on forest land. Total 0.3842 ha of forest land required for the tower base & RoW of transmission line. Total 1.1688 ha private land is acquired for tower base.
4.1.3. 220/400 kV Substation at Pragati Nagar (Gumma) 44. The work involves construction of new 400/220 kV substation at Gumma (Pragati Nagar) in the Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh. The substation is being constructed on private land, acquired by HPPTCL. Total 2.5007 ha land is required for the substation.
45. Above three sub-projects are being constructed to evacuate power from 111 MW Sawra Kuddu HEP of Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (HPPCL). Other HEPs which will be commissioned in future like 44 MW Tangnu Romai HEP of independent power producers (IPPs) initially followed by other HEPs such as 60 MW Chirgaon Majhgaon, 24 MW Paudital Lassa, 70 MW Dhamwari Sunda & 45 MW Rupin and other small HEPs being undertaken by various IPP’s and HP Government. As a number of new projects are up-coming in Pabbar River basin, HPPTCL is intending to construct an Integrated Transmission System in the area due to limited corridor availability and hilly terrain constraints. Total available potential in the area is about 524 MW. This 524 MW of power will be evacuated by constructing proposed 220 kV Hatkoti - Gumma (Pragati Nagar) line on twin moose conductor where it will terminate at the proposed 220/400 kV pooling substation Gumma (Pragati Nagar), which will link two circuits of 400 kV Jhakri- Abdullapur Line of PGCIL. This will take care of network reliability and redundancy in the system to evacuate power in case of outage of any transmission line because of unforeseen conditions.
4.1.4. 22/66/220 kV GIS Substation at Bhoktoo with LILO of 220 kV Kashang- Bhaba line 46. To cater an overall generation capacity of 13 MW from small power stations adjacent to Boktoo, which needs to be evacuated, a 66/220 kV pooling station has been constructed and connected to 220 kV Kashang - Bhaba line. The 220 kV Kashang - Bhaba line is further proposed to be LILO at 66/220/400 kV Pooling Station at Wangtoo. The work involves construction of a new 220/66 kV substation at Boktoo in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The substation has been constructed on forest land, which had taken over from HPSEBL, sister concern of HPPTCL. Forest Clearance (FC) had been obtained by HPSEBL.
4.1.5. 66/220/400 kV Substation at Wangtoo With LILO of 400 kV Wangtoo-Abdullapur and 220 kV Kashang - Bhaba D/C lines 47. For catering overall generation capacity of Satluj basin, a 66/220/400 kV pooling substation is being constructed at Wangtoo and it will be connected to proposed 400 kV substation of Power Grid nearby which will cater about 421 MW power from various HEPs of Satluj basin. The work involves construction of a new 66/220/400 kV substation Wangtoo in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The substation is being constructed on forest land. Forest Clearance (FC) has been obtained by HPPTCL for diversion of 7.9108 ha forest land.
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4.1.6. 132/33 kV Substation at Pandoh + LILO of one circuit of 132 kV Bajaura- Kangoo D/C Line (0.300 Km) 48. The substation is being constructed to evacuate power 54 MW in Pandoh area in the Beas basin. As a number of new projects are coming in this area, HPPTCL has proposed the LILO of existing 132 kV Bajaura to Kangoo transmission line of HPSEBL 220 kV Panchkulla substation of Haryana through Khunihar 132/220 kV substation. The work involves construction of a new 132/33 kV substation at Pandoh in the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh. The substation is proposed to be constructed on the land of Bhakhra Beas Management Board (BBMB). Total 1.2784 ha land will be taken on lease by HPPTCL from BBMB for the construction of substation.
4.1.7. 132 kV Substation Chambi 49. The substation is being constructed to evacuate 42.4 MW power from Shahpur area of Ravi basin, which will further transfer to 220/400 kV Hamirpur substation (PGCIL) through Dehra - Hamirpur 132 kV D/C transmission line and 132/220 kV Hamirpur substation of HPSEBL. The work involves construction of a pooling switching substation of voltage 33/132 kV in Chambi in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. The substation is being constructed on private land, acquired by HPPTCL. Total 1.06 ha land is required for the substation.
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400 kV LILO at Gumma SS
Figure-5: Indicative Location of the Sub-Projects under Tranche-I
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5. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
50. The description of Environment is detailed out in ADB approved IEE report 2011. Since, there are very minor changes in alignment of the sub-project transmission lines and location of substation site; hence not much change in description of environment is anticipated. Thus, the details under chapter-3.0 as provided in ADB approved IEE report 2011 may be referred. However following may be added as addendum to the chapter.
5.1. Physical Resources
51. The details under section 3.1 on physical resources as provided in ADB approved IEE report may be referred. There is no baseline environmental monitoring data available in the ADB approved IEE report 2011. However, the details of environmental monitoring carried out through MoEF&CC / NABL approved monitoring labs for air, noise, soil and water quality during construction period have been updated and provided in following sections.
5.1.1. Ambient Air Quality
52. Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring during construction period has been done during February & March, 2018 as per ADB approved Environmental Monitoring Plan. AAQ monitoring has been done at three locations for each sub-station sites.
5.1.1.1 Sampling and Analytical Techniques 53. PM10 and PM2.5 have been estimated by gravimetric method. Modified West and Gaeke method (IS-5182 part-II, 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2. Jacobs-Hochheiser method (IS-5182 part-IV, 1975) has been adopted for the estimation of NOX. Samples for Carbon monoxide were collected and analyzed using NDIR method. a) Particulate Matters (PM10 & PM2.5) 54. PM10 and PM2.5 were monitored using a Respirable Dust sampler (RDS) and PM2.5 Sampler. A pre-conditioned and weighted glass fiber filter paper is used for PM10 and PTFE filter paper is used for RDS/PM2.5 samplers. A known quantity of the air was sucked through the filter paper in a prescribed sampling time. The flow was noted from the manometer. The multiplication of time with rate gave the total quantity of air passed through the filter paper. After sampling, the filter paper was removed, conditioned and weighed finally for getting the concentrations in ambient air. b) Sulphur Di-Oxides (SO2) 55. A known quantity of the air was bubbled through impingers containing tetrachloromercurate. SO2, formed a disulfiltomercurate complex, which gave a pinkish blue colour with p-rosaniline and formaldehyde solution. The intensity of colour produced was proportional to concentration of sulphur dioxide. The measurement was made by using spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 560 nm.
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c) Nitrogen Di-Oxides (NOx) 56. A known quantity of air was passed through impingers containing sodium hydroxide- sodium arsenite solution. The estimation of NOx was done colorimetrically using hydrogen peroxide, sulfanilamide, NEDA, etc. The intensity of the colour was measured at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer. d) Carbon Monoxide (CO) 57. NDIR based samplers are used to monitor the carbon monoxide levels.
5.1.1.2 Results and Discussion 58. Test results of the AAQ monitoring of all the subproject locations will be provided in Environmental Monitoring Report of the period of January to June, 2018. However, test results of the AAQ monitoring carried out at Gumma substation (near Hatkoti-Gumma Transmission Line and LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line at Gumma substation subprojects) and Chambi substation have been provided in table-4. On the basis of tabulated results following observations have been made.
Particulate Matter (PM10)
59. The observed value for PM10 ranges from 74 - 85 μg/m3. The maximum PM10 concentration measured among all AAQM stations is 85 μg/m3 at Gumma Sub Station 400 kV Backside.
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
60. The observed value for PM2.5 ranges from 27 - 33 μg/m3. The maximum PM2.5 concentration measured among all AAQM stations is 33 μg/m3 at Gumma Sub Station 400 kV Backside.
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) 3 61. The observed value of SO2 ranges from 8 - 12 μg/m . The maximum SO2 concentration measured among all AAQM stations is 12 μg/m3 at Inside Main Gate of Chambi Sub Station.
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) 3 62. The observed value of NOx ranges from 13 - 17 μg/m . The maximum NOx concentration measured among all AAQM stations is 17 μg/m3 at Inside Main Gate of Chambi Sub Station. Carbon Monoxide (CO) 63. The average value of CO ranges from 1.5 – 1.7 mg/m3. The maximum and minimum CO concentrations measured among all AAQM stations are 1.7 mg/m3 at Outside Chambi Sub Station.
64. Results of other parameters are not detected or found below detection limits. Monitored AAQ parameters are found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), 2009. This shows good air quality in the sub-projects area as there is least industrial activity in the vicinity of the subproject area. Construction activities for the development of Hydropower projects and road construction & maintenance activities are main source of air pollution in the sub-project area.
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Table-4: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results Sub Project Site Name: 220/400 KV Sub Station, Gumma, Tehsil: Kotkhai, Distt. Shimla (H.P.) Date of Sampling: 22.02.2018 Sampling Location & Results S. Limits as per Parameter Method Sub Station No. NAAQS, 2009 Inside Main Outside 05 400 kV Gate Km 220 KV Backside
SO2 µg/m3 1 IS: 5182 (P-2) 80 µg/m3 (24 hr) 10 8 9 , 2 NOx µg/m3 IS: 5182 (P-6) 80 µg/m3 (24 hr) 16 13 14 PM 10 3 IS: 5182 (P-23) 100 µg/m3 (24 hr) 80 76 85 µg/m3 PM 2.5 4 STP/ITC/EW-01 60 µg/m3 (24 hr) 31 27 33 µg/m3 3 5 O3 µg/m3 , IS: 5182 (P-9) 100 µg/m (8 hr) ND (14) ND (14) ND (14) Method of Air Sampling & 6 Pb µg/m3 100 µg/m3 (24 hr) ND (0.1) ND (0.1) ND (0.1) Analysis (Method No.822) 7 CO mg/m3 IS: 5182 (P-10) 2 mg/m3 (8 hr) 1.5 1.6 1.5 Method of Air Sampling & 3 8 NH3 µg/m3 400 µg/m (24 hr) ND (20) ND (20) ND (20) Analysis (Method No.401) Benzene, 9 C6H6 IS: 5182 (P-11) 5 µg/m3 (Annual) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) µg/m3 Method of Air Sampling & 3 10 BaP ng/m3 1 ng/m (Annual) ND (0.2) ND (0.2) ND (0.2) Analysis (Method No.102) Method of Air Sampling & 11 As ng/m3 6 ng/m3 (Annual) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) Analysis (Method No.822) Method of Air Sampling & 3 12 Ni ng/m3 20 ng/m (Annual) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) Analysis (Method No.822) Sub Project Site Name: 33/132 KV Sub Station, Chambi, Distt. Kangra (H.P.) Date of Sampling: 14.03.2018 Sampling Location & Results S. Limits as per Parameter Method Outside Sub Inside Main No. NAAQS, 2009 Inside Sub Station Gate Sub Station 0.5Km 0.5Km Station
SO2 µg/m3 3 1 IS: 5182 (P-2) 80 µg/m (24 hr) 10 8 12 , 2 NOx µg/m3 IS: 5182 (P-6) 80 µg/m3 (24 hr) 16 15 17
PM 10 3 3 IS: 5182 (P-23) 100 µg/m (24 hr) 78 74 75 µg/m3 PM 2.5 4 STP/ITC/EW-01 60 µg/m3 (24 hr) 28 29 32 µg/m3 3 5 O3 µg/m3 , IS: 5182 (P-9) 100 µg/m (8 hr) ND (14) ND (14) ND (14)
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Method of Air Sampling & 6 Pb µg/m3 100 µg/m3 (24 hr) ND (0.1) ND (0.1) ND (0.1) Analysis (Method No.822) 7 CO mg/m3 IS: 5182 (P-10) 2 mg/m3 (8 hr) 1.6 1.7 1.6 Method of Air Sampling & 8 NH3 µg/m3 400 µg/m3 (24 hr) ND (20) ND (20) ND (20) Analysis (Method No.401) C6H6 9 IS: 5182 (P-11) 5 3 ND (1.0) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) µg/m3 µg/m (Annual) Method of Air Sampling & 3 10 BaP ng/m3 1 ng/m (Annual) ND (0.2) ND (0.2) ND (0.2) Analysis (Method No.102) Method of Air Sampling & 11 As ng/m3 6 ng/m3 (Annual) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) Analysis (Method No.822) Method of Air Sampling & 3 12 Ni ng/m3 20 ng/m (Annual) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) ND (1.0) Analysis (Method No.822) ND- Not Detected. ( ) detection limits in brackets.
5.1.2. Noise Quality
65. Noise Quality Monitoring during construction period has been done during February & March, 2018 as per ADB approved Environmental Monitoring Plan. Noise monitoring has been done at three locations for each sub-station sites. Test results of the noise quality monitoring of all the subproject locations will be provided in Environmental Monitoring Report of the period of January to June, 2018. However, test results of the noise quality monitoring carried out at Gumma substation (near Hatkoti-Gumma Transmission Line and LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line at Gumma substation subprojects) and Chambi substation have been provided in table-5 below and the noise quality standards are provided in Table-6. Monitored Noise Quality parameters are found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air Quality Standards with respect to Noise for industrial area category. Construction activities for the development of Hydropower projects, road construction & maintenance activities and vehicular noise are main source of noise in the sub-project area.
Table-5: Noise Quality Monitoring Results
Observed Value, dB(A) Leq Sub Project Site S. No. Sampling Location Name Sampling Date Name DAY* NIGHT*
1 220/400 KV Sub Inside 0.5 Km Main Gate 22.02.2018 52.7 46.2 Station, Gumma, 2 Tehsil: Kotkhai, Outside 0.5 Km 220 KV 22.02.2018 51.7 46.3 Distt. Shimla Sub Station 400 KV 3 (H.P.) 22.02.2018 61.0 56.2 Backside 2.5 Km 33/132 KV Sub 4 Inside Sub Station 0.5km 14.03.2018 53.8 49.2 Station, Chambi,
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Distt. Kangra 5 Outside Sub Station 0.5km 14.03.2018 52.2 48.1 (H.P.) Inside Main Gate Sub 6 14.03.2018 50.6 44.9 Station
Table-6: Ambient Air Quality Standards with respect to Noise Area Code Category of Area/Zone Limits in dB(A) Leq Day time Night time A Industrial Area 75 70 B Commercial Area 65 55 C Residential Area 55 45 D Silence Zone 50 40
5.1.3. Soil Quality 66. Sampling and analysis of soil samples have been done during November & December, 2017 as per ADB approved monitoring plan during construction period. Four soil samples from different locations have been collected for each substation sites. Test results of the soil quality analysis of all the subproject locations have been provided in Environmental Monitoring Report of the period of June to December, 2017. However, test results of the soil quality analysis of the samples collected near Gumma substation (near Hatkoti-Gumma Transmission Line and LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line at Gumma substation subprojects) and Chambi substation have been provided in table-7 below. Table-7: Soil Quality Analysis Results Near Gumma Substation Results Sr. No. Test parameter Units Location 1 Location 2 Location 3 Location 4 1. pH - 7.2 7.0 6.8 7.6 2. EC dS/m 24.90 29.70 25.80 29.50 3. TDS mg/l 16.20 19.18 16.77 19.18 4. SiO2 % 53.73 57.78 63.04 65.91
5. Al2O3 % 21.80 24.98 18.96 23.90
6. Fe203 % 2.91 3.01 4.06 3.50
7. Na2O % 5.40 1.23 4.65 1.11
8. K2O % 4.20 0.78 5.40 4.40 9. CaO % 0.41 0.33 1.23 0.08 10. MgO % 0.12 0.20 1.41 0.10 11. P2O5 % 0.71 0.73 0.66 0.46
12. TiO2 % 0.72 0.96 0.59 0.55 Near Chambi Substation:
Results Sr. No. Test parameter Units Location 1 Location 2 Location 3 Location 4 1. pH - 7.0 7.2 7.6 7.9 2. EC dS/m 24.90 27.60 29.50 25.0 3. TDS mg/l 16.12 17.91 19.18 15.99
4. SiO2 % 61.29 65.83 65.88 64.14
5. Al2O3 % 22.88 17.14 23.90 25.25
6. Fe203 % 3.10 2.70 3.50 2.83 7. Na2O % 2.92 5.65 1.11 3.10
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8. K2O % 6.70 5.80 4.40 2.26 9. CaO % 1.71 0.92 0.08 0.65 10. MgO % 0.42 0.41 0.12 0.48
11. P2O5 % 0.48 0.76 0.46 0.59
12. TiO2 % 0.50 0.79 0.55 0.60
5.1.4. Water Quality of the Sub-Project Area
67. Sampling and analysis of water samples have been done during November & December, 2017 as per ADB approved monitoring plan during construction period. Four water quality samples from different locations have been collected for each substation sites. Water quality of the sub-project area is generally good for drinking purpose. Test results of the water quality analysis of all the subproject locations have been provided in Environmental Monitoring Report of the period of June to December, 2017. However, test results of the water quality analysis of the samples collected near Gumma substation (near Hatkoti-Gumma Transmission Line and LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line at Gumma substation subprojects) and Chambi substation have been provided in table-8 below. All the test results are within permissible limits of IS: 10500 - Drinking Water Quality Standards.
Table-8: Ground Water Quality Results Near Gumma sub-station Requirement Results
Permissible S. Limit in the Name of Parameter Units Acceptable No. Absence of Limit Alternative Location 1 Location 2 Location Source 3 Location 4 Location 1 Color NTU 5 15 0.1 0.09 0.02 1 2 Hardness as CaCO3 mg/L 200 600 55.89 54.85 51.45 54.85 3 Odor - Odorless Odorless 4 TDS mg/L 500 2000 61.4 73.58 74.73 72.2 5 Turbidity NTU 1 5 0.1 0.13 0.7 0.2 No Cyanide as CN mg/L 0.05 N/D 6 Relaxation 7 Chloride as Cl mg/L 250 1000 17.1 15.9 16.2 15.79 8 Flouride as F mg/L 1 1.5 0.95 0.75 0.93 0.59 No Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 45 0.96 0.82 0.95 0.72 9 Relaxation No pH - 6.5-8.5 6.9 7.1 7.4 7.9 10 Relaxation 11 Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 200 400 N/D 13.98 15.23 14.65 Phenolic Compounds mg/L 0.001 0.002 N/D N/D N/D N/D 12 as C6H5OH 13 Arsenic as As mg/L 0.01 0.05 N/D N/D N/D N/D 14 Copper as Cu mg/L 0.05 1.5 N/D N/D N/D N/D No Cadmium mg/L 0.003 N/D N/D N/D N/D 15 Relaxation No Iron as Fe mg/L 0.3 N/D N/D N/D N/D 16 Relaxation No Lead as Pb mg/L 0.01 N/D N/D N/D N/D 17 Relaxation 18 Calcium as Ca2+ mg/L 75 200 36.49 36.46 35.56 34.95 19 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 30 100 5.9 5.67 5.86 5.5
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20 Manganese as Mn mg/L 0.1 0.3 N/D N/D N/D N/D No Mercury as Hg mg/L 0.001 N/D N/D N/D N/D 21 Relaxation No Selenium as Se mg/L 0.01 N/D N/D N/D N/D 22 Relaxation 23 Zinc as Zn mg/L 5 15 N/D N/D N/D N/D 24 Total Coliforms mg/L Absent - Absent Absent Absent Absent No Chromium as Cr mg/L 0.05 N/D N/D N/D N/D 25 Relaxation 26 COD mg/L - - 27.9 25.86 24.72 26.58 27 BOD mg/L - - 1.27 1.11 1.37 1.17 28 DO mg/L - - 1.9 1.98 1.11 29 Electrical Conductivity µS/cm 750 0-2000 21.5 23.3 22.75 23.5 Near Chambi sub-station
Requirement Results
Permissible 1 2 3 4 Sr. - - - - Name of the Units limit in No. Acceptab parameter absence of le limit Alternative
Source Location Location Location Location
1. Color NTU 5 15 0.13 0.17 0.11 1.0 2. Hardness as CaCO3 mg/L 200 600 53.87 53.43 53.40 54.50 3. Odor - Odorless Odorless 4. TDS mg/L 500 2000 58.72 56.90 57.40 58.02 5. Turbidity NTU 1 5 0.15 0.16 0.12 0.04 6. Cyanide as CN mg/L 0.05 No Relaxation N/D N/D N/D N/D 7. Chloride as Cl mg/L 250 1000 16.10 15.40 15.25 14.98 8. Flouride as F mg/L 1.0 1.5 0.85 0.65 0.95 0.75 9. Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 45 No Relaxation 0.90 0.80 0.92 0.74 10. pH - 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 6.5 6.2 6.7 6.9 11. Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 200 400 N/D N/D N/D N/D 12. Phenolic mg/L 0.001 0.002 N/D N/D N/D N/D Compounds as C6H5 OH 13. Arsenic as As mg/L 0.01 0.05 N/D N/D N/D N/D 14. Copper as Cu mg/L 0.05 1.5 N/D N/D N/D N/D 15. Cadmium mg/L 0.003 No Relaxation N/D N/D N/D N/D 16. Iron as Fe mg/L 0.3 No Relaxation N/D N/D N/D N/D 17. Lead as Pb mg/L 0.01 No Relaxation N/D N/D N/D N/D 18 Calcium as Ca mg/L 75 200 35.55 35.10 35.48 36.35 19. Magnesium as Mg mg/L 30 100 5.32 4.95 4.80 5.20 20. Manganese as Mn mg/L 0.1 0.3 N/D N/D N/D N/D 21. Mercury as Hg mg/L 0.001 No Relaxation N/D N/D N/D N/D 22. Selenium as Se mg/L 0.01 No Relaxation N/D N/D N/D N/D 23. Zinc as Zn mg/L 5 15 N/D N/D N/D N/D 24. Total Coliforms mg/L Absent - Absent Absent Absent Absent 25. Chromium as Cr mg/L 0.05 No Relaxation N/D N/D N/D N/D 26. COD - - 27.35 27.32 27.90 28.13 27. BOD mg/l - - 0.95 1.19 1.35 1.21 28. DO mg/l - - 1.90 1.1 1.3 1.99 29. Electrical µS/c 750 0-2000 24.20 22.30 23.50 21.40 Conductivity M
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5.2. Seismicity
68. Since, there are very minor changes in alignment of the sub-project transmission lines and location of substation site; hence not much change in the aspects of seismicity is anticipated. Thus, the details under section 3.2 on Seismicity as provided in ADB approved IEE Report may be referred. However following may be added as addendum:
69. The revised location of transmission towers of Hatkoti – Gumma Transmission Line & LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line fall in Seismic Zone IV area (High Damage Risk Zone – MSK17 VIII) . The substation site at Chambi falls in Seismic Zone V area (Very High Damage Risk Zone – MSK IX or more), which indicates a very high damage risk zone. Therefore, HPPTCL is required to take adequate measures while erecting transmission lines to ensure least damage during earthquake. Figure-6 depicts the earthquake hazard risk zonation of the entire State of Himachal Pradesh.
Figure-6: Earthquake Zones of Himachal Pradesh 5.3. Ecological Resources 70. The details under section 3.3 on ecology: forest, flora, fauna, and wildlife as provided in ADB approved IEE Report may be referred. However following may be added as addendum:
Forest & Trees 71. Hatkoti-Pragatinagar (Gumma) Transmission Line is passing through forest land at few
17 Medvedev-Sponheuer-Karnik (MSK) intensity broadly associated with the various seismic zones is VI (or less), VII, VIII and IX (and above) for Zones II, III, IV and V, respectively
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locations. However, revised alignment of Transmission Line is passing through private land. A small portion of LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line at Gumma substation is passing through forest land. However, revised alignment of Transmission Line is passing through private land. Two main forest types seen here are: West Himalayan Upper Oak/ Fir Forest and Lower Western Himalayan Temperate Forest, according to the classification of Champion and Seth (1968). 72. Major tree species located on the alignment of transmission lines are Kail (Pinus wallichiana), Deodar (Cedrus deodara), Chil (Pinus roxburghii), Kainth (Pyrus pashia) & Rai (Picea smithiana).
Wildlife 73. Hatkoti-Pragatinagar (Gumma) Transmission Line is in close vicinity (about 5 km) of Important Bird Area - Talra Wildlife Sanctuary. It is a notified "Important Bird Area" (IBA). As per Bombay Natural History Society, for a recent assessment of 2004, Talra Sanctuary has been rated as A1 category (high threat area). Talra Wildlife Sanctuary was first notified in 1962 and then re-notified in 1974, under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972. During the British period, and for almost two decades after Independence, it was a popular hunting area for big game as well as birds. Hunters used to come here for Asiatic Black Bear Ursus thibetanus, Barking Deer Muntiacus muntjak and pheasants. In order to protect these animals, and also to protect the catchment areas of perennial streams, this Sanctuary came into existence. However, due to the growth in human population, very few areas are now left undisturbed. Only steep and inaccessible areas harbour natural forest and wildlife. Map showing Wildlife Sanctuaries & National Parks of Himachal Pradesh is given below figure-7. Key Biodiversity of the Talra Wildlife Sanctuary (IBA)18 74. Avifauna: The globally threatened Cheer Pheasant (Catreus wallichii) and Western Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) are seen in small numbers, while Himalayan or Impeyan Monal Lophophorus impejanus and Koklass Pucrasia macrolopha are fairly common. Mahabal (2000) has identified 61 species from this Sanctuary. Fifty-one are resident birds, most of them quite common. The site lies in Biome-7 (Sino-Himalayan Temperate Forest) and Biome-8 (Sino- Himalayan Subtropical Forest). Birds of both these biomes were seen but most birds belong to Biome-7. Biome-7 occurs between c. 1,800 m to 3,600 m, which is also the range of this site (1,500 - 3,324 m). Biome-8 ranges from c. 1,000 m to 2,000 m so for some altitudinal range, both these biomes overlap. Moreover, many species show altitudinal movement so it is not unexpected that they are seen in different biomes. At this IBA site, 17 species of Biome-7, 5 species of Biome-8 and one species of Biome-5 (Himalayan Griffon Gyps himalayensis) are found. This IBA lies in the Western Himalayas Endemic Bird Areas (EBA). Two restricted range species are found, both happen to be also globally threatened birds. 75. Other Key Fauna: Asiatic Black Bear Ursus thibetanus and Leopard Panthera pardus are the major predators on Barking Deer Muntiacus muntjak, Musk deer Moschus chrysogaster and Goral Nemorhaedus goral. Common Langur Semnopithecus entellus is common, especially at lower elevations.
18 Source: BirdLife International 2001
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Figure-7: Map showing Wildlife Protected areas in Himachal Pradesh
5.4. Socioeconomic Profile
76. The details under section 3.4 & 3.5 on socioeconomic conditions as provided in ADB approved IEE Report may be referred. However, the information on demographic aspects in originally approved IEE report is as per 2001 census which has been updated as per 2011census and provided in following paragraphs.
77. As per the Census 2011, the total Population of Himachal Pradesh is 68.6 Lacs. Thus the population of Himachal Pradesh forms 0.57 percent of India in 2011. Himachal Pradesh has total population of 6,864,602 in which males were 3,481,873 while females were 3,382,729. Total area of Himachal Pradesh is 55,673 square km. Thus the population Density of Himachal Pradesh is 123 per square km which is lower than national average 382 per square km. Demographic details19 of the districts, where sub-projects are located are provided in following sections.
Shimla: 78. In 2011, Shimla had population of 814,010 of which male and female were 425,039 and 388,971 respectively. In 2001 census, Shimla had a population of 722,502 of which males were
19 As per Census of India, 2011 Data.
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380,996 and remaining 341,506 were females. Shimla District population constituted 11.86 percent of total Maharashtra population. In 2001 census, this figure for Shimla District was at 11.89 percent of Maharashtra population. There was change of 12.67 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Shimla District recorded increase of 17.02 percent to its population compared to 1991.
79. The initial provisional data released by census India 2011, shows that density of Shimla district for 2011 is 159 people per sq. km. In 2001, Shimla district density was at 141 people per sq. km. Shimla district administers 5,131 square kilometers of areas.
80. Average literacy rate of Shimla in 2011 were 83.64 compared to 79.12 of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 89.59 and 77.13 respectively. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 87.19 and 70.07 in Shimla District. Total literate in Shimla District were 612,642 of which male and female were 342,846 and 269,796 respectively. In 2001, Shimla District had 504,330 in its district.
81. With regards to Sex Ratio in Shimla, it stood at 915 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 896. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. In 2011 census, child sex ratio is 925 girls per 1000 boys compared to figure of 929 girls per 1000 boys of 2001 census data.
Kangra: 82. In 2011, Kangra had population of 1,510,075 of which male and female were 750,591 and 759,484 respectively. In 2001 census, Kangra had a population of 1,339,030 of which males were 661,254 and remaining 677,776 were females. Kangra District population constituted 22.00 percent of total Maharashtra population. In 2001 census, this figure for Kangra District was at 22.03 percent of Maharashtra population. There was change of 12.77 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Kangra District recorded increase of 14.05 percent to its population compared to 1991.
83. The initial provisional data released by census India 2011, shows that density of Kangra district for 2011 is 263 people per sq. km. In 2001, Kangra district density was at 233 people per sq. km. Kangra district administers 5,739 square kilometers of areas.
84. Average literacy rate of Kangra in 2011 were 85.67 compared to 80.08 of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 91.49 and 80.02 respectively. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 87.54 and 73.01 in Kangra District. Total literate in Kangra District were 1,152,640 of which male and female were 606,443 and 546,197 respectively. In 2001, Kangra District had 940,505 in its district.
85. With regards to Sex Ratio in Kangra, it stood at 1012 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 1025. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. In 2011 census, child sex ratio is 876 girls per 1000 boys compared to figure of 836 girls per 1000 boys of 2001 census data.
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Kinnaur: 86. In 2011, Kinnaur had population of 84,121 of which male and female were 46,249 and 37,872 respectively. In 2001 census, Kinnaur had a population of 78,334 of which males were 42,173 and remaining 36,161 were females. Kinnaur District population constituted 1.23 percent of total Maharashtra population. In 2001 census, this figure for Kinnaur District was at 1.29 percent of Maharashtra population. There was change of 7.39 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Kinnaur District recorded increase of 9.91 percent to its population compared to 1991. 87. The initial provisional data released by census India 2011, shows that density of Kinnaur district for 2011 is 13 people per sq. km. In 2001, Kinnaur district density was at 12 people per sq. km. Kinnaur district administers 6,401 square kilometers of areas. 88. Average literacy rate of Kinnaur in 2011 were 80.00 compared to 75.20 of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 87.27 and 70.96 respectively. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 84.30 and 64.40 in Kinnaur District. Total literate in Kinnaur District were 60,699 of which male and female were 36,697 and 24,002 respectively. In 2001, Kinnaur District had 51,913 in its district. 89. With regards to Sex Ratio in Kinnaur, it stood at 819 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 857. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. In 2011 census, child sex ratio is 963 girls per 1000 boys compared to figure of 979 girls per 1000 boys of 2001 census data. Mandi: 90. In 2011, Mandi had population of 999,777 of which male and female were 498,065 and 501,712 respectively. In 2001 census, Mandi had a population of 901,344 of which males were 447,872 and remaining 453,472 were females. Mandi District population constituted 14.56 percent of total Maharashtra population. In 2001 census, this figure for Mandi District was at 14.83 percent of Maharashtra population. There was change of 10.92 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Mandi District recorded increase of 16.10 percent to its population compared to 1991. 91. The initial provisional data released by census India 2011, shows that density of Mandi district for 2011 is 253 people per sq. km. In 2001, Mandi district density was at 228 people per sq. km. Mandi district administers 3,950 square kilometers of areas. 92. Average literacy rate of Mandi in 2011 were 81.53 compared to 75.24 of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 89.56 and 73.66 respectively. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 85.94 and 64.82 in Mandi District. Total literate in Mandi District were 723,747 of which male and female were 393,669 and 330,078 respectively. In 2001, Mandi District had 587,884 in its district.
93. With regards to Sex Ratio in Mandi, it stood at 1007 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 1013. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. In 2011 census, child sex ratio is 916 girls per 1000 boys compared to figure of 918 girls per 1000 boys of 2001 census data.
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6. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
94. Screening of potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures as provided in ADB approved IEE Report, 2011 under chapter 4.0 may be referred. However the following sections may be included as addendum:
6.1. Impact on Physical Resources
95. Since, there are very minor changes in alignment of the sub-project transmission lines and location of substation site; hence no change in impact on physical resource is anticipated. Thus, the details under section 4.2.3 as provided in ADB approved IEE report 2011 may be referred. However following sections may be included as addendum.
6.1.1. Impact on Air Quality
96. Due to addition of four numbers of towers in Hatkoti-Gumma Transmission line and two numbers of towers in LILO of 400 kV Transmission line at Gumma, there will be increased civil works, which involves excavation for the tower erection, movement of vehicles carrying the construction materials along the haul roads. Construction work at substation site at Chambi will involve cut & fill operations and transportation & storage of construction material. All these activities would give rise to emission of dust particles thereby affecting air quality marginally at the site. The impact will be transitory in nature and therefore is assessed as of low significance. Covering of stockpiles, minimising double handling and drop loads as well as sprinkling of water during excavation will reduce the dust emission to a great extent.
97. No negative impact on air quality has been envisaged during operation of substation & transmission lines.
6.1.2. Impact on Noise Quality
98. During the construction phase, the major source of noise pollution is machinery used for cut & fill operation, concrete mixing, etc. at substation sites and movement of vehicles carrying the construction material and equipment to the site. Apart from vehicles bringing in materials to the nearest road, construction works for the transmission line will not require powered equipment. As such, noise emissions will be minor in Transmission Line sub-projects. The major work of the construction is expected to be carried out during the day time. As the predominant land use along most part of the alignment is agricultural/forest, there will be few residential areas exposed to noise generated during the construction phase and the noise produced during the construction period will have negligible impact on residents.
99. Due to additional civil works for additional towers, there will be minor increase in noise pollution, however following measures will help to keep noise and vibration in acceptable level during construction phase:
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Contractor shall preferably limit working time for activities that create noise within normal day hours of the public except for construction site near public sensitive receptors. Construction related activities closer to sensitive receptors have to be scheduled in coordination with the relevant authorities and community. Noisy equipment such as generators should be sited away from residential areas. Contractor and suppliers of construction materials should strictly implement noise control regulations stipulated by the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control Rules 2000) for all construction vehicles and equipment. At substation sites, contractor shall equip their heavy construction equipment and plants with exhaust silencers to limit the engine noise so as not to exceed 75 dB (compacters/rollers, loaders and cranes) and regularly maintain all construction vehicles and machinery that should meet the CPCB’s Noise Standards. 100. During the operation phase of the project, there will be corona noise from the conductors which will be felt only up to 15 to 30 m area and will be within the prescribed limits.
6.1.3. Impact on Water Quality
101. Contamination of water bodies may result due to construction of access road to the substation site, spilling of construction materials and surface runoff from the construction site joining the water body. The silt discharge from the earth work around water bodies, oil, grease and fuel release from the construction vehicles/equipment and spoil from construction and other construction related activities such as raw sewerage from worker accommodation sites may mix with runoff water. This situation will accentuate during the rainy season and could have a significant impact on surface and ground water. Thus following measures will be required in order to prevent deterioration of water quality from the construction and construction related activities: All construction vehicles and equipment should be maintained in proper conditions without any leakages, Contractors shall use silt traps and erosion control measures where the construction is carried out in close proximity to the water bodies to avoid entering of cement particles, rock, rubbles and waste water to the surrounding water bodies, Construction activities requiring digging should be preferably done in the dry season, and Waste oil should be collected properly and disposed to the approved recyclers.
6.1.4. Impact on Soil Quality and Geology
102. Project activities including excavation, cut and fill operations, removal of trees and green cover vegetation will enhance the soil erosion during the rainy season. Removal of trees and green cover vegetation will reduce infiltration rate of rainwater. The impact on soils will be due to the soil erosion at the tower construction sites along the access routes. The excavation activity and land clearance in the erosion prone areas have to be minimised while conducting the site selection for towers. Revetment and stabilization of tower construction sites will be done after
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completion of construction activity. Also increased acceleration of surface runoff will damage the topsoil. The impacts associated with excessive erosion and other civil works can be avoided or minimised by following mitigation measures:
Maximum effort should be taken to minimise removal of trees and green cover vegetation. Minimise obstruction or destruction to natural drainage pattern of the surrounding area. Proper treatment of clearing and filling areas against flow acceleration. Turfing work should be taken prior to rainy season around the substation. Contractors shall follow proper muck disposal plan for cut and fill operation around sharp/deep slope areas. Piling activities will preferably be done in non-rainy season, as the piled materials will spread all over the area and contaminate close by water bodies. Top soil (2-3 cm from the top of the soil), which are removed during construction from the cultivated lands must be stored separately for future utilisation of cultivated lands near tower leg locations.
6.2. Impact on Ecological Resources and Mitigation Measures
6.2.1. Impact on Forest & Trees
103. Sub-projects require diversion of forest land & felling of trees for the construction of substations and Transmission lines. Details of impact on forest and trees due to the subprojects are provided below sections.
104. 220 kV D/C transmission line from Hatkoti to Pragati Nagar: Hatkoti-Gumma transmission line involves diversion of 22.8775 ha forest land and cutting of 234 number of forest trees. There will be no additional impact on forest land due to change in the sub-project, as additional towers are located on private land and changed alignment is not passing through forest area. In initial survey total 162 forest trees20 were proposed for cutting, however after joint survey with forest department total 234 forest trees are required to be felled. Forest Clearance has been obtained from MoEF&CC for the diversion of forest land and felling of forest trees. Total 1067 private trees including 1015 Fruit trees & 52 non-fruit trees are required to be felled.
105. 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL: LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line involves diversion of 0.3842 ha forest land and cutting of 53 number of forest trees. There will be no additional impact on forest land due to change in the sub-project, as additional towers are located on private land and changed alignment is not passing through forest area. Total 53 forest trees are required to be cut. Total 856 private trees including 845 Fruit trees & 11 non-fruit trees are required to be felled.
106. 132 kV Substation Chambi: There is positive change on environment due to change in location of substation. Earlier substation (SS) site was located on Forest (Govt.) land. Total 0.96
20 As per Table-25 of ADB approved IEE Report, 2011
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ha forest land and 8 number of forest trees were impacted21. Due to shifting of SS site to private land, there will be no requirement of forest land and felling of forest trees.
107. Mitigation Measures: Any construction activity in the forest land is to be done after taking necessary approval from State Forest Department / MoEF&CC. Compensatory afforestation shall be done for the diverted forest land and impacted forest trees as per Forest Conservation Act, 1980 and its subsequent amendments. Impacted private trees will be compensated as per HPPTCL’s Resettlement, Relief, Rehabilitation and Compensation Policy, 201122.
108. Table-9 provides the details of forest land & trees to be impacted for subprojects, which have changed scope and status of Forest Clearance from MoEF&CC. Table-9: Details of Forest Land & Trees to be Impacted & Status of Forest Clearance of the Sub-projects, which have changed scope
S. Details of Forest Details of Forest Status of Forest Name of Sub-Project No. Land Impacted Trees to be Felled Clearance 220 kV D/C transmission line Forest Clearance 1 22.8775 234 from Hatkoti to Pragati Nagar obtained 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to LILO point for Forest Clearance 2 0.3842 53 interconnection with 400 KV obtained Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL 3 132 kV Substation Chambi Nil Nil NA
6.2.2. Impact on Wildlife 109. There is no additional impact on wildlife due to change in scope of sub-projects, as none of the revised Transmission route length and substation site is located in the protected areas notified under Wildlife Protection Act. However, Talra Wildlife Sanctuary is located at a distance of about 5 km from Hatkoti-Gumma 220 kV transmission line. As it is a notified "Important Bird Area" (IBA), following impacts on avian fauna of the sanctuary may be envisaged during operation phase of transmission line.
110. Risk of Bird Collisions with Transmission Line: This was identified as the most significant impact on avifauna that would result from the sub-project. This impact was assessed as medium prior to mitigation due to the abundance of medium size winged species and raptors that are present in the area which are vulnerable to collisions. The transmission line passes through valleys and mountains which are all sensitive areas from an avifauna perspective.
111. Risk of Bird Electrocution on poles: The bird species at the greatest risk of electrocution would be the vultures but even this species should be safe with the proposed
21 Refer Table-45 at page no. 47 & Table-58 at page No. 66 of ADB approved IEE Report of Tranche-II, October 2012, available at website of ADB. 22 HPPTCL’s Resettlement, Relief, Rehabilitation and Compensation Policy, 2011 (available on HPPTCL’s website)
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design. The assessment shows a low significance and remains low after mitigation.
112. Mitigation Measures: As sub-project site is away from the sanctuary area risk of Bird Collisions with Transmission Lines and Bird Electrocution on poles may or may not be envisaged during operation phase. However following mitigation measures can be adopted to minimize the impact. Monitoring of transmission line especially for bird strikes during the operation and use of deflectors if required. Line marking to increase the visibility of the line. There are three general types of line marking devices: aerial marker spheres, spirals, and suspended devices. All sections of line crossing river/stream and the adjacent riparian habitat should be fitted with Bird Flappers on the earth wire. Cross-arms, insulators and other parts of the power lines can be constructed so that there is no space for birds to perch where they can be proximate to energized wires. All terminal structures (transformers) should be constructed with sufficient insulation on jumper wires and surge arrestors.
6.3. Impact on Human Environment
113. Since, there are very minor changes in alignment of the sub-project transmission lines and location of substation site; hence not much change in impact on Human Environment is anticipated. Thus, the details under section 4.2.3.4 as provided in ADB approved IEE report 2011 may be referred.
6.4. Environmental Impact Matrix
114. Based on the environmental assessment of the project activities, an Environment Management Plan (EMP) has been developed for the project to mitigate any adverse environmental impacts. The EMP discusses anticipated impacts and mitigation measures and monitoring requirements and responsible authorities to implement the EMP with respect to the following stages: (i) pre-construction, (ii) construction, iii) operation and maintenance. Detailed, site-specific mitigation measures and monitoring plans were developed and will be implemented during the project implementation phase. Here, proper mitigation measures are proposed for each potential impact, including details on responsible parties for implementation of mitigation measures and supervision. A summary environmental impact matrix and the mitigation measures are given in Table-10.
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Table-10: Summary Environmental Impact Matrix and the Mitigation Measures
Environmental Nature of Magnitude of Impacts Implementation and Sl. N. Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Attribute Impact Monitoring Low Medium High A. Physical Resources 1. Topography Change in the surface features and Direct/Local/ X The surface soil will be restored to normal slope after tower During construction present aesthetics due to the irreversible erection. If there is any excess soil, it shall be disposed off activity construction of the project. at suitable location. Any loss of vegetation will be attended
by HPPTCL as per existing GoHP norms Within the substation, the excess soil will be disposed off in consultation as per EMP. The compensatory afforestation of equivalent area of forestland in RoW will be undertaken by the Forest Department to compensate for the loss on HPPTCL expenses to minimise the impact of loss of vegetation as per existing norms under the Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 & its subsequent amendments
2. Climate No impact on the climatic conditions Direct/Local/ X No impact on the climatic conditions, hence no mitigation is irreversible required. Monitoring of SF6 gas from Direct/Local/ X Proper record of all SF6 leakages in substations kept for During construction Electrical Substations irreversible record. and operation
B. Environmental Resources
1. Air Quality Project will have marginal impact on Direct/ X Water sprinkling at construction site, limited bare soils, During construction air quality during the construction Local/ maintenance of vehicles. activity period due to increase in the dust reversible emission. 2. Noise Noise due to general construction Direct/Local/ X Restriction of noise generating activities at night and use of During construction activities. reversible personal protective equipment like ear plugs, mufflers. activity
Noise arising from corona noise Direct/Local/ X Monitoring of possible corona noise to identify and correct During operational from conductors reversible problems. phase
3. Surface and Runoff from the construction site Direct/Local/ X Careful sitting of towers, and access roads. Before and during Ground Water reversible construction activity
quality
Domestic wastewater from Direct/Local/ X For transmission line, domestic wastewater treatment may During construction construction sites reversible be done by digging small ditches for waste water and then and operation covering it with top soil once the construction team moves to next location. For substation site, the contractor shall provide soak pits for construction workers at the site.
4. Soil and Geology Soil erosion due to tower erection Direct/Local/ X Avoiding sites, which are prone to soil erosion. Leveling of tower During and after and clearing of vegetation in the reversible construction sites. Use of few access roads. Rehabilitation and construction RoW and access roads. stabilization of disturbed land at the substations. activity
Damage due to seismic activity Direct/regional/ X Site selection and proper tower foundation design considering Before the reversible the geological conditions and seismicity of the area. construction activity.
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Environmental Nature of Magnitude of Impacts Implementation and Sl. N. Potential Impacts Mitigation measures Attribute Impact Monitoring Low Medium High C. Ecological Resources 1. Terrestrial Loss of vegetation Direct/Local/ X Location of towers on non-cultivable land area. Selection of Before the construction Ecology irreversible few access roads. Compensation for crop and trees to Phase villagers. The tree planting for forest land diverted to non- forest and trees felled will be done by the forest department and paid by HPPTCL 2. Terrestrial Fauna Disturbance to the local fauna Direct/Local/ X Wildlife routes and their habitats have been avoided as far as Before and during reversible possible during the route selection. Minimise encroachments, construction phase during construction and indirect impacts. Avifauna Disturbance to the local fauna Direct/Local/ X Monitoring of transmission line especially for bird strikes During operation reversible during the operation and use of deflectors if required. phase during operation 3. Aquatic Ecology No significant impacts Direct/Local/ X Disposal of construction waste and other waste to avoid Before and during envisaged reversible polluting the river and streams construction phase
D. Human Environment 1 Health and Fires, explosion and other Direct/Local X Use of personal protective equipment during During construction Safety accidents at the route alignment construction. By lopping and chopping of trees fire hazards and operation phase of transmission line. will be minimised during maintenance period. Regular inspection of lines for faults prone to accidents. Ex posure to electromagnetic Direct/Local/ X Alignment route away from the settlement. No houses in the Before and after the Fields continuous immediate vicinity will be allowed in the RoW of the construction phase. alignment. No further mitigation required. 2. Agriculture Permanent and temporary loss Direct/Local/ X Avoid prime agriculture land. Assessment of land required and Before and during of agriculture land due to tower reversible compensation. Construction activity after crop harvesting and construction phase. erection and due to access selection of few access routes. routes. 3. Socio-economics Beneficial impacts job Direct/regional X Unskilled labour and indirect benefits. Overall economic During operational opportunities during construction growth of the region. phase Phase 4. Resettlement Resettlement of any house Direct/Local/ X Route alignment is selected in such a way that there is no Before the construction falling along the RoW. reversible resettlement issue. phase. 5. Cultural sites No archaeological, historical or Direct/Local/ X No archaeological, historical or cultural important sites are -- cultural important sites are reversible affected. affected by the construction of the lines. 6. Traffic and Traffic congestion due to Direct/Local/ X Proper traffic signs at the construction site, ensuring availability During construction Transportation movement of construction reversible and maintenance of proper access roads phase vehicles 7. Solid Waste Probability of Surface and indirect/Local/ X Minimisation, reuse and recycle whenever possible. Final During operation Generation ground water pollution reversible wastes to be collected and disposed off in compliance with phase applicable regulations and rules
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7. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION
115. Details provided under chapter-6.0 of ADB approved IEE Report, 2011 may be referred. However the following text may be included as addendum.
116. Public Consultation is a continuous process and conducted throughout the project during design, pre-construction, construction and operation. Consultations have been organized during construction phase as well as separate Public Consultations have been organized during March & May, 2018 for the preparation of addendum IEE report in respect of the subprojects, which have revised scope. The consultation was limited to one to one interaction with the affected person due to the sub-project. The mode of consultation was informal meeting and one to one interaction. During Consultation no concerns of significance were raised on environmental aspects of the project. Issues discussed during Public Consultations have been provided below and attendance sheet & photographs are provided in Appendix-IV for the subprojects, which have revised scope (i. Hatkoti-Pragatinagar Transmission Line; ii. LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line at Gumma Substation; iii. 132 kV Substation Chambi).
117. Issues discussed during Public Consultations conducted for updation of IEE report: Most of the people want location of Transmission Line Route away from the habitation; Most of the participant wanted to know about Job & business (supply of material, labour, etc.) opportunities during construction & operation of project; People wanted to know about compensation for land and trees. 118. The addendum to IEE shall be disclosed to the affected people. It shall be translated in local Hindi language and shall be made available to the public.
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8. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM
119. Details of GRC are provided under chapter-7.0 of ADB approved IEE Report, 2011 may be referred. However the following text may be included as addendum after paragraph no. 188.
120. To expedite the grievance handling procedure, HPPTCL has changed the structure of GRC for effective implementation of GRM and early resolution of grievances. Copy of the office order regarding constitution of Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) at Corporate Office level & PIU level is provided in Appendix-V, Copy of the same is also uploaded on HPPTCL’s website.
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9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
121. Details regarding Institutional arrangements, environmental monitoring & management plan are provided under chapter-5.0 of ADB approved IEE Report, 2011 may be referred. However the following text may be included as addendum.
9.1. Institutional Arrangements
122. The Environment and Social cell (ESC) at the corporate level monitors the policy and implementation related environmental impacts of all projects of HPPTCL. The Environmental Officer in the ESC assists PIUs in all environmental aspects of the projects in compliance with HPPTCL’s Environment and Social Safeguards Policy, May 2011. The Environmental Officer (HPPTCL has designated one Chief Environment & RR Specialist) is assisted by two loan funded Environment and Social consultants. This cell is also responsible for the implementation of Environmental Management Plan for all the subprojects funded by ADB. As per ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009, PMU and ESC are required to conduct regular monitoring of environmental compliance of each subproject funded by ADB to ensure compliance with project covenants. Structure of ESC constituted by HPPTCL is given in Appendix-VI.
123. The implementation of the EMP during the construction phase is the responsibility of the contractor. The PMU is responsible for ensuring all measures suggested in the EMP are included in the design and bid documents. The PIU in participation with the ESC is also responsible for monitoring and enforcement of the EMP during construction.
124. The duties of the Environmental and Social Cell at corporate level are to: Monitor the implementation of mitigation measures during construction and operation phases of the project. Prepare suitable environmental management reports for various sites. Advise and coordinate field units activity towards effective environment management. Liaise with the Ministry of Power, CEA, MoEF. GoHP and state agencies such as HPPCL, HPPCB, HP Forest Department and seek their help to solve the environment related issues of the project implementation. Advice to project planning/design cells on environmental and social issues while route selection of the alignment at the planning/design stage to avoid negative environmental impacts. Similarly advise for inclusion of environment and social safeguard provisions in contract documents. Advise PIU on training and awareness raising for environmental and social issues to the project/contract staff. 125. The duties of the Environmental and Social Cell at site level are to: Implement the environment policy guidelines and environmental good practices at
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the sites. Advise and coordinate the contractor(s) activity towards effective environment management. Liaise with the local officers of forest department, HPPCB and seek help of their officers in resolving environment monitoring related issues, wherever applicable. Carry out environmental and social survey to avoid negative environmental impact. Make the contractor staff aware of environmental and social issues so that EMP could be managed effectively. Prepare periodic environment management and compliance reports. 126. The PMU is responsible for processing and implementing all subproject(s). Subprojects are monitored by qualified technical staff/experts (e.g. design and technical reports, feasibility studies, environmental and/or social assessments, and associated EMP’s and budgets), who also ensure and monitor compliance with ADB and Government safeguard requirements. Summary appraisal reports will be submitted by PMU to the ADB subsequent to obtaining the HPPTCL’s approval and clearance(s) from the GoHP. The PMU structure is provided in figure-8. Figure-8: PMU Structure
9.2. Environmental Management Plan
127. Based on the environmental assessment of the project activities, an Environment Management Plan (EMP) has been developed for the project to mitigate any adverse environmental impacts. The EMP discusses anticipated impacts and mitigation measures and monitoring requirements and responsible authorities to implement the EMP with respect to the following stages: (i) pre-construction, (ii) construction, and (iii) operation and
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maintenance. Detailed, site-specific mitigation measures and monitoring plans were developed and will be implemented during the project implementation phase.
128. The EMP table for the project is provided in Appendix-VII, which identifies feasible and cost- effective measures to be taken to reduce potential significant, adverse, impacts to acceptable levels. Here, proper mitigation measures are proposed for each potential impact, including details on responsible parties for implementation of mitigation measures and supervision. The subproject specific EMP costs are separately assessed. These EMP will form part of bidding document as well.
9.3. Monitoring of Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
129. The mitigation measures suggested require monitoring of environmental parameters - both during construction and operational phases of the project. The monitoring of the environmental aspects shall be ensured by the Environment and Social Cell of HPPTCL. During the construction phase, the contractor should ensure that activities like handling of earth works, disposal of debris, storage of materials, labour camps, putting proper traffic signals is done properly to have minimum impact. This in turn should be monitored by the Project Manager of the individual transmission line/substation subproject. The PIU will supervise the contractor. Other environmental good practices include sanitary waste management, noise abatement, maintaining hygienic conditions, maintenance of fire and safety equipment.
130. The Environmental and Social Cell will ensure that site engineers and contractors adhere and comply with all measures and procedures identified in the EMP. Activities to be monitored include: all planning, coordination and management activities related to the implementation of safeguard issues; the identification of corrective and preventive actions; records of health and safety matters and training activities; consultations with project affected people (as and when needed, particularly during the implementation); feedback, trouble shooting and project related grievances; preparation of progress and monitoring reports as required by the ADB; and verifying the projects overall compliance with safeguard measures and its progress towards achieving the intended loan outcomes.
9.4. Environmental Monitoring Plan
131. To ensure that project would not generate negative impacts to the overall environment quality, monitoring of environmental parameter has to be performed by HPPTCL/Contractor as per contract provisions. The monitoring activities of the project include site supervision, verification of permits, monitoring of water quality, soil, noise and air. Monitoring of the quality of water, soil, air and noise during the construction stage is the responsibility of the contractor by the approved government agency. The Environmental Monitoring Plan for measurement of environmental quality parameters and its periodicity for the Project is summarised in Appendix-VIII.
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9.5. Environmental Monitoring Report (EMR)
132. Mitigation measures related to construction as specified in the EMP will be incorporated into civil works contracts, and their implementation will be primarily the responsibility of the contractors. In addition, contractors will be required to submit monthly progress reports on the implementation of EMP measures to PIU/PMU. The PMU and the HPPTCL will report to the ADB on progress achieved against the EMP activities and milestones on a half-yearly basis. Progress reports will include a description of implementable activities and their status; identify the responsible parties involved in their implementation; and provide project management schedules and timeframes for doing so, along with their associated costs.
133. The Environment and Social Cell after interaction with Project managers of PIUs will prepare and submit performance monitoring reports to the ADB twice in a year. This report will include the results of environmental monitoring to demonstrate that sound environmental management practices are applied, and the set environments targets are achieved. The environmental monitoring report will be submitted by the PIU to the PMU, which will include the result of environmental monitoring into its environmental report.
134. In case the implementation of EMP measures is not satisfactory, HPPTCL may engage external qualified experts to verify monitoring reports and assess the significant impacts and risks. These external monitoring experts will recommend actions for HPPTCL to enhance environmental compliance. ADB will continue to monitor project compliance with ADB safeguard plans and requirements on an on-going basis throughout the duration of the contract.
9.6. Environmental Management Budget
135. The compliance with the EMP has been prepared based upon optimum and reasonable costs that are derived upon minimisation of mitigation measures on a “least-cost” basis. Without such expenditures, the project might generate significant environmental impacts, causing the biophysical environment in the area to deteriorate and indirectly depressing the economies of local communities. Based upon the environmental issues identified, assessment of the project impact on the environment, EMP cost is estimated to implement the key environmental measures and environmental management & monitoring plan as listed in table-11 below.
Table-11: Environmental Management Budget for Tranche-I Sub-projects
S. Rate Amount Description Quantity Unit No. (in Rs) (in Rs) A. Environmental Monitoring (Pre-construction Stage) 1 Air Quality 10 No. 7,214 72,140.0 2 Water Quality 10 No. 15,000 1,50,000.0 3 Noise Levels 10 No. 4,809 48,090.0 4 Soil 10 No. 12,500 1,25,000.0
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Total Cost 3,95,230.00 B. Environmental Monitoring (Construction Stage) Air Quality - Six monthly (5 sites X 2 288560 1 40 No. 7,214 sample X 4 times in 2 year) Water Quality - Six monthly (5 sites X 2 600000 2 40 No. 15,000 sample X 4 times in 2 year) Noise Levels - Six monthly (5 sites X 2 192360 3 40 No. 4,809 sample X 4 times in 2 year) Soil - Six monthly (5 sites X 2 sample X 4 500000 4 40 No. 12,500 times in 2 year) Total Cost 15,80,920.00 C. Environmental Monitoring (Operation Stage) 1 Air Quality 10 No. 7,214 72,140.0 2 Water Quality 10 No. 15,000 1,50,000.0 3 Noise Levels 10 No. 4,809 48,090.0 4 Soil 10 No. 12,500 1,25,000.0 Total Cost 3,95,230.00 D. Training Workshops/Consultations/ Health Awareness Camp 1 EMP Training at site (Once at each site) 7 No. 20,000 1,40,000 Training on Implementation of EMP for 2 Field PIUs and Engineer (Once at each 4 No. 50,000 2,00,000 PIU) Public Consultation – Six monthly (7 sites 3 28 No. 10,000 2,80,000 X 4 times in 2 year) Health Awareness Camp – Six monthly (7 4 28 No. 20,000 5,60,000 sites X 4 times in 2 year) Total Cost 11,80,000.0 Grand Total (A+B+C+D) 35,51,380.0
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10. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
136. The addendum to ADB-approved Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report, 2011 has been prepared due to changes in scope of three subprojects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche- I). Details of the changes occurred in the scope of three subprojects under loan 2794-IND (Tranche-I) are provided below:
Details of Changes in 220 kV D/C transmission line from Hatkoti to Pragatinagar (Gumma): The alignment and length of the transmission line has been changed. The alignment of the transmission line has been slightly changed due to shifting of Hatkoti Substation23 site. Due to shifting of substation site, three additional towers (T-39A, T-39B, and T-39C) have been added between old tower numbers T-39 and T-40. One additional tower number T-53A has been also added between old tower numbers T-53 & T-54 to maintain the required ground clearances. Total four numbers of additional towers have been introduced and number of towers increased from 76 to 80. During initial survey, the tentative length of transmission line was 26.930 km24. As contractor has been deployed and construction works are ongoing at site, the contractor has conducted revised detailed check survey and as per revised check survey details as provided in approved Tower Location Chart, the length has been reduced by 1.117 km and final revised length of transmission line is 25.824 km.
Details of Changes in 400 kV D/C Transmission Line from 220/400 kV Pooling Station Gumma to 25 LILO point for interconnection with 400 KV Jhakhri- Abdulapur D/C Line of PGCIL : Detailed description of the transmission line had not been provided in the ADB approved IEE report. The tentative length of the transmission line is 3.076 km. The alignment of the transmission line has been changed due to inclusion of four numbers of multi-circuit towers (MCTs). Earlier two separate alignments were proposed, one for line in and another for line out. Due to inclusion of four MCTs, both transmission lines (line in and line out) are passing through same tower (MCT) on one single alignment from MCT-1 to MCT-4, afterwards, the transmission line is passing through two separate alignments. Two numbers of towers have been added due to tapping arrangement & to maintain the required ground clearances. Total 15 numbers of towers have been proposed in this transmission line. Details of Changes in 132 kV Substation Chambi: Location of the substation site has been changed. Earlier substation site was proposed on government land. Now the substation is being constructed on private land, acquired by HPPTCL. Total 1.06 ha private land is required for the substation. There are no other changes in the subproject components. 137. The Tranche-I Project has been classified as environmental category “B” based on ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist (see Appendix-I). During preparation addendum to the IEE report, due consideration has been given if there is impact on environmental classification of the sub-projects, due to change of scope of sub-projects, using screening criteria as per ADB REA Checklist.
23 Hatkoti Substation project is covered under ADB Tranche-III 24 Please Refer Table-21 at Page No. 30 of ADB approved IEE Report, June 2011 25 There may be change / revision in scope of the sub-project as tower locations may have to change due to land acquisition issues. If there will be any change in the scope of the sub-project, this report shall be further updated accordingly and submitted to ADB for approval.
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138. Any of the sub-projects are not passing through notified protected area (Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park or Conservation Reserves, etc.). No endangered or protected species of flora or fauna are reported at any of the subproject sites. Forest trees are required to be felled that fall under the RoW for which Compensatory Afforestation will be done as per Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 (along with its subsequent amendments) and as per HPPTCL’s Environment and Social Safeguards Policy 2011.
139. No archaeological/protected monument is located in the project vicinity.
140. No reliable baseline information of air, noise, water & soil quality were available for sub- project locations during ADB approved IEE report, 2011 preparation. However, collection of baseline parameters of water, air, soil, and noise have been done during construction as per ADB approved monitoring plan, which has been used for the establishment of baseline data same has been provided in this addendum to IEE report under the chapter “Description of Environment”. The quality of air, noise, water & soil is generally found good in the sub-project sites. There is no negative impact envisaged on environmental baseline during construction of sub-projects.
141. Based on the environmental assessment and surveys conducted for the project so far, it is evident that the potential adverse environmental impacts can be mitigated to an acceptable level by adequate implementation of the mitigation measures identified in the EMP. Adequate provisions have been made in the project to cover the environmental mitigation and monitoring requirements, and their associated costs. Adverse impacts if noticed during implementation will be mitigated using appropriate design and management measures.
142. Overall, the major environmental impacts associated with transmission projects are limited to the construction period and can be mitigated to an acceptable level by implementation of recommended measures and by best engineering and environmental practices. The impact matrix depicts that the project will not have significant negative environmental impacts and the project would help in improving the socio-economic conditions of this developing State. As the project falls in Category “B” as per the ADB’s REA checklist even after change in scope of sub- projects, no detailed EIA study is required.
143. Public consultations with the project affected communities, stakeholders, and government officers focused on existing environmental conditions around the proposed transmission lines/ substations and the potential impacts that could happen due to project implementation have been completed. Public Consultation is a continuous process and conducted throughout the project during design, pre-construction, construction and operation. Consultations have been organized during construction phase as well as separate Public Consultations have been organized during March and May, 2018 for the preparation of addendum IEE report in respect of the subprojects, which have revise scope. Main issues of consultation were – i) People want location of Transmission Line Route away from the habitation; ii) People wanted to know about Job & business (supply of material, labour, etc.) opportunities during construction & operation of project; iii) People wanted to know about compensation for
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land and trees. There are no other significant environmental issues which have been raised by people during consultation.
144. Proper Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM) has been implemented by HPPTCL to overcome public inconvenience during the sub-project activities. Copy of the office order regarding constitution of Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) at Corporate Office level & PIU level is provided in Appendix-V, Copy of the same is also uploaded on HPPTCL’s website.
145. The Executing Agency (HPPTCL) shall ensure that EMP forms part of bid document and works contract. The same shall be revised if necessary during project implementation or if there is any change in the project design and with approval of ADB.
146. There may be change / revision in scope of Tranche-I sub-projects. If there will be any change in the scope of subprojects, this report shall be further updated accordingly and submitted to ADB for approval.
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APPENDICES
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Appendix-I: - Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist
POWER TRANSMISSION
Instructions:
This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department. This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department. This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development. Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.
Country / Project Title: India: Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Programme - Tranche-I Sector Division: South Asia Department Energy Sector
SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS A. Project Siting Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the following environmentally sensitive areas?
No Cultural heritage site located near the - Cultural heritage site project sites. Few Sub-projects are located in forest area. Forest Clearance will be obtained - Protected Area before starting any construction activity in forest land.
No protected or classified wetland is - Wetland located close to the project site No such area is located in the project - Mangrove vicinity. No such area is located in the project - Estuarine vicinity. No such area is located in the project - Buffer zone of protected area vicinity. No such area is located in the project - Special area for protecting biodiversity vicinity.
B. Potential Environmental Impacts
Will the Project cause...
- encroachment on historical/cultural areas, disfiguration of No historical/cultural areas located near landscape and increased waste generation? the project sites.
- encroachment on precious ecosystem (e.g. sensitive or No sensitive or protected area located protected areas)? near the project sites.
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- alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by roads and resulting in increased sediment in Not Applicable streams affected by increased soil erosion at the construction site?
- damage to sensitive coastal/marine habitats by Not Applicable construction of submarine cables?
Adequate sanitary facilities including Soak pits treatment facilities will be - deterioration of surface water quality due to silt runoff, provided at construction camps, which sanitary wastes from worker-based camps and will be set-up away from water bodies. chemicals used in construction? No harmful chemicals are likely to be used in the construction activities.
Localized air pollution level is likely to increase for short duration during - increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, cutting construction period. Suitable mitigation and filling? measures will be followed to minimize the impact.
- chemical pollution resulting from chemical clearing of Not Applicable vegetation for construction site?
No blasting is involved. No significant noise generation is expected during construction activities except normal construction equipment operational noise. These noise levels will be - Noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil works? impulsive in nature and its impact will be confined within few meters. All stationary noise making sources equipment like DG set will be installed with acoustic enclosures.
- dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people Not Applicable
No such social concern is expected. Concern may arise during construction stage due to increase in ambient air & - Social conflicts relating to inconveniences in living noise pollution level, which is expected conditions where construction interferes with pre- to be localized and temporary in existing roads? nature. This aspect will be effectively controlled with suitable mitigation measures.
Construction sites are away from the main roads, however, to minimise the - hazardous driving conditions where construction impact suitable traffic management plan interferes with pre-existing roads? will be designed and implemented by the contractor to prevent any hazardous driving condition
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Proper provisions for sanitation (sewage treatment), health care (drinking water - poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in construction supply) and periodic health check-ups) camps and work sites, and possible transmission of and solid waste disposal through communicable diseases from workers to local composting facilities will be made at each populations? construction camp. Awareness will be created amongst the workers about hygiene and health protection.
Proper sanitation & waste water - creation of temporary breeding habitats for mosquito management will be done to avoid vectors of disease? creation of temporary breeding habitats for mosquito vectors of disease
There will be no dislocation and - dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people living compulsory resettlement of people living in right-of-way of the power transmission lines? in right-of-way of the power transmission lines.
- environmental disturbances associated with the Pruning of trees will be done under the maintenance of lines (e.g. routine control of guidance of forest department after vegetative height under the lines)? taking necessary permission.
- facilitation of access to protected areas in case corridors Not Applicable traverse protected areas? Safety guidelines will be followed during - accident risks associated with maintenance of lines and maintenance of lines to avoid accident related facilities? risks. The Vertical & horizontal clearance shall - health hazards due to electromagnetic fields, land be provided as per The Indian Electricity subsidence, lowered groundwater table, and Rule to avoid any health hazards due to salinization? electromagnetic fields.
- disturbances (e.g. noise and chemical pollutants) if No herbicides will be used. herbicides are used to control vegetative height? Based on above rapid environmental assessment the project is categorized as ‘B’
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Appendix-II: - Photographs of the Project Site
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Appendix-IIIA: - Alternative Route Analysis for Hatkoti-Pragatinagar (Gumma) Transmission Line S. Description Route A – (Red) Route B (Blue) Route C (Black) No. 1 Approximate line length in km 25.824 28.600 29.800 2 River/Nalla Crossing 1/4 1/7 1/6 3 Forest Area (in Hectare) 22.8775 33.7515 39.4345 Development of Tower site Number of Towers 80 78 75 4 Number of Gantries - - - Land to be acquired for Tower base (in ha) 1.648 1.76 1.69 Land strata of tower locations Non Cohesive - - - 5 Cohesive - - - Soft rock 80 - - Hard rock - - - Road accessibility in km (Average lead from 6 0.75 0.80 1.25 road to proposed line route.) Approximate Private land involvement in hectares for the line. i. Cultivated 35.213 32.757 37.842 7 ii. Un Cultivated 29.817 33.5925 27.0235 iii. House or Building 3 2 1 8 Approximate EHV line crossing in no. Nil Nil Nil 9 H T / 11kV line crossing in Approximate Nos. 39 45 42 10 Road crossing in Approximate Nos. 9 12 10 11 National /State crossing in Approximate Nos. Nil Nil Nil 12 Telephone line crossing in Approximate Nos. 1 1 1 length of route / line passing in the territory of 13 Nil Nil Nil other state Approximate Nos. of Trees in Forest land 14 a. Cutting 234 160 155 b. Non cutting 87 188 198 Approximate Nos. of Private Trees in line route i. fruit trees 1015 225 235 a. Cutting b. Non cutting 10 35 165 15 ii. Non-fruit trees a. Cutting 52 10 12 b. Non cutting - 26 28 Approximate Length of line route in snow 25.824 28.600 29.800 16 zone area (in km) Nos. of towers 80 78 75 Approximate Length of line route in non- Nil Nil Nil 17 snow zone area (in km) & Nos. of towers Nil Nil Nil Approximate Length of line route in cultivated 18 15.7 9.359 10.812 area (in km) Approximate Length of line route in Un- 19 1.1 9.598 7.721 cultivated area (in km) Approximate Length of line route in 20 19.01 9.643 11.267 Government/ Shamlat area (in km) Selected- Shortest route Alternative Selected & minimum forest land - -
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Appendix-IIIB: - Alternative Route Analysis for LILO of 400 kV Transmission Line at Gumma Substation S. Description Route A – (Red) Route B (Blue) Route C (Black) No. 1 Approximate line length in km 3.076 3.43 4.89 2 River/Nalla Crossing 0/1 0/1 0/1 3 Forest Area (in Hectare) 0.3842 1.7112 2.3598 Development of Tower site Number of Towers 15 15 19 4 Number of Gantries - - - Land to be acquired for Tower base (in ha) 1.1688 1.1688 1.4805 Land strata of tower locations Non Cohesive - 5 6 5 Cohesive - 5 8 Soft rock 15 5 5 Hard rock - - - Road accessibility in km (Average lead from 6 0.5 0.65 0.7 road to proposed line route.) Approximate Private land involvement in hectares for the line. i. Cultivated 1.1688 - - 7 ii. Un Cultivated - - - iii. House or Building - - - 8 Approximate EHV line crossing in no. 2 2 2 9 H T / 11kV line crossing in Approximate Nos. 4 6 5 10 Road crossing in Approximate Nos. 1 1 1 11 National /State crossing in Approximate Nos. Nil Nil Nil 12 Telephone line crossing in Approximate Nos. Nil Nil Nil length of route / line passing in the territory of 13 Nil Nil Nil other state Approximate Nos. of Trees in Forest land 14 a. Cutting 53 60 72 b. Non cutting 92 92 84 Approximate Nos. of Private Trees in line route i. fruit trees 845 a. Cutting - - b. Non cutting - 15 ii. Non-fruit trees a. Cutting 11 - - b. Non cutting 5 Approximate Length of line route in snow 3.076 3.43 4.89 16 zone area (in km) Nos. of towers 15 15 19 Approximate Length of line route in non- Nil Nil Nil 17 snow zone area (in km) & Nos. of towers Nil Nil Nil Approximate Length of line route in cultivated 18 2.776 1.243 1.389 area (in km) Approximate Length of line route in Un- 19 - 1.815 2.988 cultivated area (in km) Approximate Length of line route in 20 0.3 0.372 0.513 Government/ Shamlat area (in km) Selected- Shortest Alternative Selected route, minimum forest - - land & tree cutting
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Appendix-IIIC: - Alternative Site Analysis for Chambi Substation S. No. Description Site – A Site – B 1. Substation details Private land Government land 1a Area (dimensions) 1.06 ha 0.96 ha 1b Slope/Plain land Plain Slope 1c Amount of land cutting required Nil Nil 2 Number of transformers 2 2 3 Number of Bays 2 Nos 132 kV & 4 Nos 33 kV 2 Nos 132 kV & 4 Nos 33 kV 4 Size/ type of oil sump 40000 litres underground type. 40000 litres underground type. Ownership of land (Private / Forest/ Other 5 Government Private HP Government land. Department/ Other) Private land (in ha.) 1.06 ha Nil (i) Agriculture :- a. Irrigated - - b. Non-irrigated 6 (ii) Non-Agriculture/ Private waste land/ banjar. 1.06 ha - (iii) House or Building: a. Residential - - b. Non-Residential 7.a Distance from Nearest River 1 km from Chambi Khad. 5 m from Chambi Khad. 7.b Distance from Nearest National / State Highway 5 Km approx. from NH 20 m approx. from NH 7.c Distance from Nearest Forest Area 1 km approx. - 7.b Distance from Nearest Village / town 150 m approx. 150 m approx. Distance from Nearest Market/Area of Economic 7.e Activity 6 km Approx. 3 km Approx. 8. Road accessibility Accessible to road. Accessible to road. 9. EHV line Passing Near By (Distance) 5 km approx. 1 km approx. Crossing over/nearby the proposed 10. HT line Passing Near By (Distance) 500 m from the proposed site of land. site of land. 11. Telephone line Passing Near By (Distance) No No Distance from Interstate / International 12. Boundaries 60 Kms/200 Kms 60 Kms/200 Kms Nos. of Forest Trees :- 13. a. Trees to be felled Nil 8 No. b. Trees to be lopped Nos. of private trees Nil Nil (i) Fruit Trees: a. Trees to be felled - - 14. b. Trees to be lopped (ii) Non-Fruit Trees: a. Trees to be felled - - b. Trees to be lopped 15. Distance from snow area 15 km (aerial) approx. 15 km (aerial) approx. 16. Distance from cultivated area 100 m approx 100 m approx 17. Altitude of substation 630 m aprox. 626 m aprox. 5 km approx. from Gaggal 18. Nearest distance from Airport 10 km approx. from Gaggal Airport Airport 13 km approx. (Buddhist stupa 8 km approx. (Buddhist stupa 19. Distance from nearest religious or Archaeological sites known as Bhim-ka-Tila) known as Bhim-ka-Tila) Mundla (Ladwara), District- 20. Name of villages involved/Name of District Mundla (Ladwara), District-Kangra. Kangra. 21. Land to be permanently acquired 1.06 ha 0.96 ha Selected- No forest land Alternative Selected - involvement and no tree felling
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Appendix-IV: - Attendance Sheet & Photographs of Public Consultation
Consultation Attendance Sheet
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Addendum to IEE Report of Tranche 1 Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Transmission Investment Project Implementing Agency – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited Page 60
Consultation Photographs
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Appendix-V: - Grievance Redressal Committee
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Appendix-VI: - Environment and Social Monitoring Cell (ESC)
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Appendix-VII: - Environment Management Plan (EMP) Potential Standards/ Parameters to be Institutional Implementation Project Activity Environmental Mitigation Action Measurement/ Monitored Responsibility Schedule Impact Frequency PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE A Physical Resources Equipment specifications Release of PCBs, Chlorofluorocarbons Transformers and Exclusion of PCBs, and design parameters chemicals and (CFCs), including halons other equipment CFCs stated in harmful gases in not used in transformers, or specifications tender documents - Detailed Design receptors (air, any other equipment. compliant with GoI Once. water, land) rules/regulations & HPPTCL (International Electro- technical Commission) IEC standards B Environment Resources Location of land for Impact to the Construction facilities Water and Air Quality Air quality Detailed Design/ substations/transmission existing should be placed at suitable Standards and Planning Stage towers environment distance from water bodies, Water Quality natural flow paths, standards – Once HPPTCL important ecological habitats and residential areas Substation location and Noise generation Substation Expected noise Noise control Detailed Design/ design Exposure to noise, location/designed to ensure emissions based on regulations Planning Stage Nuisance to noise will not be a nuisance substation design, Noise levels to be HPPTCL neighbouring to neighbouring properties. noise levels specified in tender properties documents-Once Location of transmission Impact on water Consideration of site Site location, Consultation with towers and transmission bodies / land/ location to avoid water transmission line local authorities Part of detailed project line alignment and design residences bodies or agricultural alignment selection and land owners, siting, survey and land/orchards as much as (distance to dwelling, water quality HPPTCL design. possible. water and/or standards-Once Careful site selection to agricultural land) avoid existing settlements Interference with drainage Temporary flooding Appropriate siting of towers Site location and Consultation with Detailed alignment patterns/Irrigation hazards/loss of to avoid channel transmission line local authorities survey and design HPPTCL channels agricultural interference alignment selection and design production engineers – Once C Ecological Resources Encroachment into Loss of precious Avoid encroachment by Floral and faunal Enumeration of Detailed precious ecological areas ecological values/ careful site and alignment habitats loss flora and fauna at design/planning stage damage to precious selection and site - Once ESC of HPPTCL species reconnaissance before final siting of facilities.
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Potential Standards/ Parameters to be Institutional Implementation Project Activity Environmental Mitigation Action Measurement/ Monitored Responsibility Schedule Impact Frequency D Human Environment Involuntary resettlement or Loss of lands and Compensation paid for Public complaints Rates paid as per Prior to Construction land acquisition structures temporary/ permanent loss the Resettlement phase/land acquisition of productive land plan/Frame work ESC of HPPTCL for the project – Once Encroachment into Loss of agricultural Avoid siting towers on Tower location and Consultation with Part of detailed farmland productivity farmland/orchards transmission line local authorities alignment, survey and wherever possible alignment selection and design design. Statutory approvals engineers - Once for tree trimming /removal from ESC of HPPTCL Horticulture Farmers compensated for department any permanent loss of Implementation of productive fruit trees that crop and tree need to be trimmed or compensation (based removed along RoW. on affected area) Location and design of Disturbance to Maintain adequate Transformers and Technical Detailed Substation adjacent lands and clearance, construction of specifications and specification- Once design/planning stage the people due to retaining structures, compliance with Measure setback HPPTCL cut and fill minimise cut and fill setback distances distances to operations operations adjoining the (“as-built” diagrams) nearest house dwellings structures – Once Location of transmission Exposure to Setback of dwellings to Tower location and Setback distances towers and transmission Electro-magnetic overhead line route transmission line to nearest houses, Part of tower siting line alignment and design Frequency (EMF) designed in accordance alignment selection clearance of survey and detailed and other safety with Indian Electricity Act with respect to conductor from alignment survey and related risks (Rule 77 & 80) for each nearest dwellings – ground – HPPTCL design permitted level of power Once Once frequency and its proper supervision at each tower site. Explosions/Fire Hazards to life Design of substations to Substation design Tender document Part of detailed include modern fire control compliance with fire to mention detailed substation layout and systems/firewalls. prevention and specifications – design/drawings control codes Once HPPTCL Provision of firefighting equipment to be located close to transformers, switchgear CONSTRUCTION PHASE A Physical Resources
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Potential Standards/ Parameters to be Institutional Implementation Project Activity Environmental Mitigation Action Measurement/ Monitored Responsibility Schedule Impact Frequency Site clearance Soil erosion and Construction near seasonal Soil erosion Visual inspection Construction period surface runoff rivers, erosion and flood- (Turbidity and prone areas should be sedimentation) – restricted to the non-rainy Once season. Provision and maintenance Contractor of drains and retention through contract ponds. provisions under Treat clearing and filling supervision of areas against flow HPPTCL acceleration and construction work should be carefully designed to minimise obstruction or destruction to natural drainage. Removal of disturbance to Public Advance notice to the Disruption to other Technical Throughout public utility services- inconvenience public about the time and commercial and specification – per construction period Water supply, sanitation the duration of the utility public activities/public public complaint – disruption. complaints Once each time Use of well trained and experienced machinery operators to reduce accidental damage to the public utilities - pipelines
Restore the utilities immediately to overcome public inconvenience Equipment layout and SF6 leakage during Record of all substation Switchgear casings As per throughout installation storage and switchgear, cylinders and substation (International construction/erection erection of located within secure bounded area. Electro-technical Switchgear casings Commission) IEC standards - Once per year Surplus earthwork/soil Runoff to cause Excess fill from tower Location and amount Appropriate fill Construction Period water pollution, foundation excavation to be (m3) of fill disposal disposal and solid waste disposal reused on site or disposed Soil disposal locations dispersal locations of next to roads or around and volume (m3) - Quarterly houses, in agreement with the local community or landowners. B Environment Resources
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Potential Standards/ Parameters to be Institutional Implementation Project Activity Environmental Mitigation Action Measurement/ Monitored Responsibility Schedule Impact Frequency Equipment layout and Noise and Selection of construction Construction Minimal ground Contractor Construction Period installation vibrations techniques and machinery techniques and disturbance - through contract to minimise ground machinery Monthly provisions under disturbance. supervision of ESC, HPPTCL Substation construction Loss of soil Cutting and filling for the Borrow area siting CPCB norms - Contractor Construction Period substation foundations (area of site in m2 Quarterly through contract obtained by creating or and estimated volume provisions under improving local drainage in m3) supervision of system. ESC, HPPTCL Water pollution Minimize construction Water Quality (pH, GoI water quality Construction Period activities involving BOD/COD, standards – Once significant ground suspended solids, prior to start of disturbance (i.e. substation other) during major construction
land forming) during the earthworks activities monsoon season. Provide drains and retention ponds if required. Provision of facilities for Contamination of Construction workforce Amenities for Presence of proper Construction Period construction workers receptors (land, facilities to include proper Workforce. sanitation, water water, air) sanitation, water supply and supply and waste waste disposal facilities. disposal facilities - Once Mechanised construction Noise, vibration and Construction equipment to Construction Technical Construction Period operator safety, be well maintained. techniques and specifications, efficient operation equipment - safety regulations, estimated noise Noise control Contractor Noise, vibration, Construction techniques and emissions and regulations - through contract equipment wear Machinery operating schedules Quarterly provisions under and tear selection to minimize ground supervision of disturbance. HPPTCL Proper maintenance and turning off plant not in use. Construction of roads for Increase in airborne Existing roads and tracks Access roads, routes Use of established Contractor Construction Period accessibility to substations dust particles used for construction and (length and width of roads wherever through contract maintenance access to the access roads) possible provisions under Increased land site wherever possible. Access restricted to supervision of requirement for a minimum of HPPTCL temporary New access ways restricted single carriageway accessibility to a minimum of single width-Once carriageway width. C Ecological Resources
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Potential Standards/ Parameters to be Institutional Implementation Project Activity Environmental Mitigation Action Measurement/ Monitored Responsibility Schedule Impact Frequency Site clearance Vegetation Marking of vegetation to be Vegetation marking Clearance strictly Contractor Construction Period removed prior to clearance, and clearance control limited to target through contract and strict control on (area in m2) vegetation-Once provisions under clearing activities to ensure supervision of minimal clearance. HPPTCL Trimming/cutting of trees Loss of vegetation Trees that can survive Species-specific tree Presence of target Construction Period within RoW and deforestation cutting should be pruned. retention as approved species in RoW by statutory following Felled trees and other authorities (average vegetation HPPTCL, cleared or pruned and maximum tree clearance – Once. Contractor vegetation to be disposed height at maturity, in through contract off by authorised meters) provisions under agents/forest department. supervision of Disposal of cleared forest department vegetation as approved by the statutory authorities (area cleared in m2) Wood/ vegetation Loss of vegetation Construction workers Illegal Complaints by local Construction Period HPPTCL, harvesting, and deforestation prohibited from harvesting wood/vegetation people or other Contractor cut and fill operations wood in the project area harvesting (area in evidence of illegal through contract during their employment. m2, number of harvesting – Once provisions. incidents reported) Effect on fauna Prevent work force from Habitat loss Complaints by local Construction Period disturbing the flora, fauna people or other including hunting of animals evidence of illegal and fishing in water bodies. hunting - Once HPPTCL, Contractor Proper awareness program through contract regarding conservation of provisions. flora, fauna including ground vegetation to all workers. D Human Environment Construction schedules for Noise nuisance to Minimize construction Timing of construction Construction as per Construction Period HPPTCL, substation neighboring activities undertaken during (noise emissions, Scheduled timings Contractor properties the night and local dBA) only through contract communities informed of provisions the construction schedule. Acquisition of cultivable Loss of agricultural Avoid faming/harvesting Land area of Loss of crops-work HPPTCL, Throughout lands productivity season for field crops agriculture loss in post harvest Contractor Construction Period wherever possible for the period but before through contract project activities. Usage of existing next crop – Once provisions
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Potential Standards/ Parameters to be Institutional Implementation Project Activity Environmental Mitigation Action Measurement/ Monitored Responsibility Schedule Impact Frequency utilities per site Ensure existing irrigation facilities are maintained in Status of facilities working condition (earthwork in m3) Protect /preserve topsoil and reinstate after Implementation of construction completed crop compensation (amount paid, dates, Repair /reinstate damaged etc.) bunds etc. after construction completed
Compensation for temporary loss in agricultural production Temporary use of land Losses to Contract clauses specifying Contract clauses Incorporating good Construction Period neighboring land careful construction Design basis and construction uses/ values practices. layout. management, Reinstatement of land design engineering As much as possible status (area affected, practices - Once. existing access ways will be m2). Consultation with Contractor used. Implementation of affected parties through contract Tree/Crop immediately after provisions under Productive land will be compensation completion of supervision of reinstated following (amount paid). construction and HPPTCL completion of construction after the first harvest – Once. Compensation will be paid for loss of production, if any. Transportation and Nuisance to the Transport loading and Water and Air Quality CPCB Emission Throughout the storage of materials general public unloading of construction standards and construction Period materials should not cause Water Quality nuisance to the people by standards - way of noise, vibration and Quarterly Contractor dust through contract provisions under Avoid storage of supervision of construction materials HPPTCL beside the road, around water bodies, residential or public sensitive locations
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Potential Standards/ Parameters to be Institutional Implementation Project Activity Environmental Mitigation Action Measurement/ Monitored Responsibility Schedule Impact Frequency Construction materials should be stored in covered areas to ensure protection from dust, emissions and such materials should be bundled in environment friendly and nuisance free manner Temporary outage of the Loss of power Advance notice to the Disruption of power Regular monitoring Throughout the electricity supply to the local public about the time and supply to houses and during the period of construction period Contractor community when the duration of the utility commercial premises. construction - At through contract distribution lines disruption each public provisions under crossing the new complaint. supervision of transmission line Restore the utilities HPPTCL, are switched off immediately to overcome public inconvenience Health and safety Injury and sickness Contract provisions Contract clauses HPPTCL and ADB Construction Period of workers and specifying minimum (number of incidents Health and safety members of the requirements for and total lost-work standards - public construction camps days caused by Monthly injuries and sickness) Contractor to prepare and Contractor implement a health and through contract safety plan and provide provisions under workers with required PPE. supervision of
HPPTCL Contractor to arrange for health and safety awareness programmes including on AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Capacity Building Improve standards Training of HPPTCL staff Training schedules Number of training Construction Period of implementation program - HPPTCL- ESC and monitoring Yearly OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PHASE A Physical Resources Operation of Switchgear Leakage of SF6 gas Record of all substation Switchgear casings Ozone Depleting Throughout the switchgear located within and substation substances – HPPTCL operation secure casings boundary Monthly Add SF6 training etc B Environmental Resources Soil Erosion at tower base Removal of top soil Planting of buffer zone Turbidity of water Visual inspection HPPTCL Throughout the
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Potential Standards/ Parameters to be Institutional Implementation Project Activity Environmental Mitigation Action Measurement/ Monitored Responsibility Schedule Impact Frequency of transmission line species suitable for hilly (Visual Inspection) (Turbidity and operation terrain sedimentation)- Quarterly Oil spillage Contamination of Substation transformers Substation bounding Hazardous Waste Throughout the land/nearby water located within secure and (“as-built” diagrams) (Management, operation bodies impervious bundled areas handling, Trans- with a storage capacity of at boundary HPPTCL least 100% of the capacity Movement) Rules of oil in transformers and 2009 - Monthly associated reserve tanks. C Ecological Recourses Trimming/cutting of trees Fire hazards Trees allowed growing up Species-specific tree Presence of target operation Period within RoW to a height within the RoW retention as approved species in RoW by maintaining adequate by statutory following HPPTCL, with clearance between the top authorities (average vegetation forest department of tree and the conductor and maximum tree clearance) - as per the regulations. height at maturity, in Quarterly. Regular pruning is required. meters D Human Environment Maintenance of Exposure to Transmission line design to Required ground Ground clearance, Operation Period Transmission line electromagnetic comply with the limits of clearance (meters). standards on EMF interference electromagnetic – Annual HPPTCL interference from overhead power lines Substation maintenance Exposure to Substation design to Required noise Technical Throughout the electromagnetic comply with the limits of vibrations levels specifications – on operation interference electromagnetic public complaint HPPTCL interference within floor area Noise generation Nuisance to the Provision of noise barriers Noise level Noise level (dbA)- Throughout the community around near substation sites Once a year HPPTCL operation the site Electric shock Death or injury to Security fences around Proper maintenance Periodic Throughout the the workers and substation of fences and sign maintenance operation public Establishment of warning boards signs Number of HPPTCL Usage of appropriate programmes and Careful design using technologies (lost percent of staff/ appropriate technologies to work days due to workers covered minimise hazards illness and injuries) Training for Electric safety Raising awareness Training of HPPTCL Training schedules Number of training Operations for electrical safety personnel. program - HPPTCL-ESC measures Yearly
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Appendix-VIII:- Environmental Monitoring Plan
Unt Environmental Parameters to be Project stage Location Frequency Standards Rate Implementation Supervision component monitored (Rs.)
1.Air Quality A. Pre- PM10, PM2.5, SO2, Inside and outside (0.5 One time Contractor by Contractor/ construction NOx, CO along with km) of the proposed National CPCB approved PMU stage (The Meteorological data- substation Ambient Air laboratory 7,214/- project once temperature Humidity, Quality assigned to wind speed, wind Standard, 2009 contractor) direction B. Construction PM10, PM2.5, SO2, Inside and outside (0.5 Two times Contractor by Contractor/ Stage NOx, CO along with km) of the proposed /year National CPCB approved PMU Meteorological data- substation Ambient Air laboratory 7,214/- temperature Humidity, Quality wind speed, wind Standard, 2009 direction C. Operation PM10, PM2.5, SO2, Inside and outside (0.5 One time Contractor by PMU Stage NOx, CO along with km) of the proposed National CPCB approved Meteorological data- substation Ambient Air laboratory 7,214/- temperature Humidity, Quality wind speed, wind Standard, 2009 direction 2.Water Quality A. Pre- EC, TSS, DO, BOD, PH Nearest downstream One time Contractor by Contractor/ construction Oil and grease, Pb, spring/handpump wells IS: 10500 CPCB approved PMU
stage (The (2 wells) around the Drinking Water laboratory 15,000/- project once substation Quality assigned to Standard contractor) B. Construction EC, TSS, DO, BOD, Nearest downstream Two times IS: 10500 Contractor by Contractor/ Stage PH, Oil and grease, Pb spring/handpump wells /year Drinking Water CPCB approved PMU 15,000/- (2 wells) around the Quality laboratory substation Standard C. Operation EC, TSS, DO, BOD, PH Nearest downstream Yearly IS: 10500 Contractor by PMU Stage Oil and grease, Pb spring/handpump wells Drinking Water CPCB approved 15,000/- (2 wells) around the Quality laboratory substation Standard
3.Noise/ A. Pre- Noise level in dB (A) Inside and outside (0.25 One time Contractor by Contractor/ Vibration construction km) of the proposed CPCB CPCB approved PMU
stage (The substation standards for laboratory 4,809/- project once Noise and assigned to vibrations contractor)
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Unt Environmental Parameters to be Project stage Location Frequency Standards Rate Implementation Supervision component monitored (Rs.)
B. Construction Noise level in dB (A) Inside and outside (0.25 2 times/ CPCB Contractor by Contractor/ Stage km) of the proposed year standards for CPCB approved PMU 4,809/- substation Noise and laboratory vibrations C. Operation Noise level in dB (A) Inside and outside (0.25 Yearly CPCB Contractor by PMU Stage km) of the proposed standards for CPCB approved 4,809/- substation Noise and laboratory vibrations 4. Soil A. Pre- PH, Sulfate (SO3), Inside and outside (just One time Contractor by Contractor/ construction Chloride, ORP, water close to the proposed CPCB approved PMU stage (The Soluble salts EC, site, 2 locations) of the Technical laboratory 12,500/- project after Organic Matter, proposed substation specifications assign to Moisture Content contractor) B. Construction PH, Sulfate (SO3), Inside and outside (just Two times Contractor by Contractor/ Stage Chloride, ORP, water close to the proposed /year CPCB approved PMU Technical Soluble salts EC, site, 2 locations) of the 12,500/- laboratory specifications Organic Matter, proposed substation Moisture Content C. Operation PH, Sulfate (SO3), Inside and outside (just A single Contractor by PMU Stage Chloride, ORP, water close to the proposed time CPCB approved Technical Soluble salts EC, site, 2 locations) of the 12,500/- laboratory specifications Organic Matter, proposed substation Moisture Content ESC –Environment & Social Cell of HPPTCL
Abbreviations: SO2- -Sulphur Dioxide; NO2- - Nitrogen Dioxide; CO- Carbon Monoxide; EC – Electric Conductivity; Pb – Lead; PM2.5 - Particulate Matter <2.5; PM10 - Particulate Matter <10 EC - Electrical Conductivity; DO - Dissolved Oxygen; TSS - Total Suspended Solids; BOD - Biological Oxygen Demand; NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards; NWQS - National water Quality Standards; HPPTCL – HP Power Transmission Corporation Limited; ORP – Oxidation Reduction Potential.
Source for Rates: As per rates of latest work orders of HPPTCL for Air, Noise, Water & Soil Sampling & Testing. GST is not included in the cost.
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