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The Lithic and Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas

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The Lithic and Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State Volume 2018 Article 2 2018 The Lithic nda Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas Timothy K. Perttula Center for Regional Heritage Research, Stephen F. Austin State University Paul Marceaux Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Repository Citation Perttula, Timothy K. and Marceaux, Paul (2018) "The Lithic and Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2018 , Article 2. https://doi.org/ 10.21112/ita.2018.1.2 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2018/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Lithic nda Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2018/iss1/2 The Lithic and Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas Timothy K. Perttula and Paul Marceaux Special Publication No. 50 Friends of Northeast Texas Archaeology 2018 Editor, Timothy K. Perttula 10101 Woodhaven Dr. Austin, Texas 78753 [email protected] Distribution, Bo Nelson, 344 CR 4154 Pittsburg, Texas 75686 [email protected] Cover art: Perdiz arrow points from the Spradley site Copyright 2018, Friends of Northeast Texas Archaeology Pittsburg and Austin Table of Contents List of Figures .....................................................................iv List of Tables ......................................................................vi Abstract ......................................................................... vii Acknowledgments . ix Introduction ........................................................................1 Chipped and Ground Stone Tools........................................................4 Chipped Stone Tools..............................................................4 Ground Stone Tools .............................................................21 Glass Arrow Point ..................................................................22 Ceramic Vessel Sherds and Pipes .......................................................22 Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Artifacts..................................................22 Ceramic Comparisons between certain Historic Caddo Sites in Nacogdoches County, Texas: Spradley (41NA206), Henry M. (41NA60), and Deshazo (41NA27) ........................30 Pipes .........................................................................37 Woodland Period, Mossy Grove Ceramic Artifacts .........................................38 Summary and Synthesis of the Archaeological Findings from the Spradley Site ...................39 References Cited....................................................................42 The Lithic and Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas List of Figures Figure 1. Location of the Spradley site in the East Texas Pineywoods. ...........................1 Figure 2. The Spradley site (41NA206) and other Historic Caddo sites in the general vicinity. Figure courtesy of Paul Shawn Marceaux........................................................2 Figure 3. Spradley site: a, excavation areas; Map provided courtesy of Victor Galan; b, overview of the Spradley site in 2008. .................................................................3 Figure 4. Scraping tool from the Spradley site (N61-W47, lv. 4). ...............................6 Figure 5. Drills from the Spradley site. ...................................................7 Figure 6. Bifaces from the Spradley site: a, N64-W57, lv. 3; b, N76-W65, lv. 4; c, N83-W47, lv. 3......8 Figure 7. Selected dart points in the Spradley site chipped stone tool assemblage. .................10 Figure 8. Friley arrow points from the Spradley site. ........................................13 Figure 9. Scallorn, Colbert, and Alba arrow points from the Spradley site. .......................14 Figure 10. Bonham arrow points from the Spradley site. .....................................14 Figure 11. Bassett arrow points from the Spradley site. .....................................14 Figure 12. Perdiz arrow points from the Spradley site........................................15 Figure 13. cf. Perdiz arrow points from the Spradley site. .16 Figure 14. cf. Turney arrow points from the Spradley site. ...................................17 Figure 15. Cuney arrow point from the Spradley site. .......................................17 Figure 16. Arrow point fragment from the Spradley site made from a bluish-green glass.............17 Figure 17. Social networks of northern and southern Historic Caddo groups in East Texas. Figure provided courtesy of Robert Z. Selden, Jr. .19 Figure 18. Unidentifed arrow point from N80-W51, level 2 at the Spradley site. ..................19 Figure 19. Arrow point preforms from the Spradley site. .....................................20 Figure 20. Brushed rim sherds from the Spradley site........................................25 iv The Lithic and Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas List of Figures, cont. Figure 21. Spradley Brushed-Incised body sherds from the Spradley site.........................25 Figure 22. Incised rim sherds from the Spradley site.........................................26 Figure 23. Sherds with incised-punctated decorative elements from the Spradley site. ..............26 Figure 24. Range of punctated rim and body sherds from the Spradley site. ......................27 Figure 25. Patton Engraved body sherds from the Spradley site. ...............................28 Figure 26. Patton Engraved and Hume Engraved sherds from the Spradley site: a, c-d, Patton Engraved; b, e-f, Hume Engraved. ......................................................30 Figure 27. Location of Group I to Group V Historic Caddo ceramic assemblages in Nacogdoches County (after Middlebrook 2007:Figure 1). ...............................................34 Figure 28. Spatial groupings of Historic Caddo and Historic Ais ceramic clusters I-IX in East Texas. ......................................................................36 Figure 29. Punctated elbow pipe sherd from the Spradley site. ................................37 v The Lithic and Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas List of Tables Table 1. Depth of arrow points, arrow point preforms, and dart points at the Spradley site. .....................4 Table 2. Flake tools from the Spradley site. ...............................................................................................5 Table 3. Scrapers from the Spradley site. ..................................................................................................5 Table 4. Drills from the Spradley site. .......................................................................................................6 Table 5. Bifaces from the Spradley site. ...................................................................................................7 Table 6. Dart points from the Spradley site. ..............................................................................................8 Table 7. Arrow points from the Spradley site. .........................................................................................11 Table 8. Distribution of arrow point forms on selected Historic Caddo sites in East Texas and Southwest Arkansas. ....................................................................................................................................................... 18 Table 9. Arrow point preforms from the Spradley site. ............................................................................20 Table 10. Ground stone tools from the Spradley site. ..............................................................................21 Table 11. Ceramic wares at the Spradley site. .........................................................................................22 Table 12. Temper use in a detailed sherd analysis sample from the Spradley site. ..................................23 Table 13. Utility ware decorative classes from the Spradley site. ............................................................24 Table 14. Patton Engraved decorative elements on sherds from the Spradley site. ..................................28 Table 15. Decorative classes in the utility ware and fne ware ceramics. .................................................29 Table 16. Temper comparisons between the three Historic Caddo sites. .................................................32
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