A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas
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“GREEN MOUNTAIN” A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas: Existing Situation Analysis (ESA) report Green Mountain Project - A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas: Existing Situation Analysis (ESA) report INDEX INTRODUCTION 3 1 ESA report ROMANIA 4 1.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 5 1.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 12 1.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 24 AND PLANS 1.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 31 RAISING 1.5 CONCLUSIONS 36 2 ESA report SLOVAKIA 37 2.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 38 2.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 45 2.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 55 AND PLANS 2.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 62 RAISING 3 ESA report BULGARIA 69 3.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 70 3.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 75 3.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 81 AND PLANS 3.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 88 RAISING 3.5 CONCLUSIONS 93 4 ESA report HUNGARY 94 4.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 95 4.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 99 4.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 107 AND PLANS 4.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 115 RAISING 4.5 CONCLUSIONS 120 5 ESA report BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA 121 5.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 122 5.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 127 5.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 132 AND PLANS 5.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 139 RAISING Green Mountain Project - A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas: 1 Existing Situation Analysis (ESA) report 5.5 CONCLUSIONS 141 6 ESA report MONTENEGRO 142 6.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 143 6.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 149 6.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 155 AND PLANS 6.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 160 RAISING 6.5 CONCLUSIONS 164 7 ESA report AUSTRIA 165 7.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 166 7.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 170 7.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 176 AND PLANS 7.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 180 RAISING 7.5 CONCLUSIONS 184 8 ESA report ITALY 185 8.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 186 8.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 192 8.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 202 AND PLANS 8.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 211 RAISING 8.5 CONCLUSIONS 216 9 ESA report Greece 218 9.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 219 9.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 228 9.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 235 AND PLANS 9.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 240 RAISING 9.5 CONCLUSIONS 244 9 ESA report Ukraine 245 9.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 246 9.2 ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS 252 9.3 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATED MANAGEMENT POLICIES 257 AND PLANS 9.4 METHODS AND STRATEGIES FOR INFORMATION, TRAINING & AWARENESS 263 RAISING 9.5 CONCLUSIONS 266 Green Mountain Project - A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas: 2 Existing Situation Analysis (ESA) report INTRODUCTION The present Existing Situation Analysis (ESA) report has been realised in the framework of the European funded project called “A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas” (GREEN MOUNTAIN). 11 partner organisations coming from 9 European countries (Italy, Greece, Bulgaria, Hungary, Austria, Romania, Slovakia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro) have established a platform to exchange information and knowledge, and to develop methods and good practices with the aim to develop and transfer, a Sustainable Development and Management Model which can provide for an integrated strategy to enhance the valorisation and preservation of natural and protected mountain areas. Exchange of information has been the first project activity among Green Mountain partners. The aim of this activity is to share information, knowledge and experience regarding partners’ mountain territories (territorial system, economic aspects, management plans, methods and practices in use, etc.) and with regards to the 3 thematic project areas. This activity has been realised with the help of the present ESA report to which each partner concerned has contributed. The Existing Situation Analysis is a key activity since it defines the starting point from which possible solutions must have their origin. The ESA is therefore an important means, not only with the aim to share information, knowledge and experience among partners but it is also a key activity for the territory itself as it will allow to identify the state of the art, existing problems, needs, challenges and opportunities. The Existing Situation Analysis activity will thus help to identify the exact territorial development needs while at the same time it also will ensure a correct and appropriate development approach with regards to the subsequent activities of the Green Mountain project: development of the common Sustainable Management and Development Model, drawing up of the Management Plans, setting up of awareness raising activities, implementation of pilot activities, etc. The present Existing Situation Analysis concentrates on 3 thematic areas, considered to be the fundamental key elements for how to protect, develop and preserve natural and protected areas and on which the Sustainable Development and Management Model should be built on: Identification of economic sustainable activities able to conciliate growth with nature preservation Development of coordinated and integrated policies and management plans/strategies Methods and strategies for effective information, training and awareness raising targeting politicians and decision-makers, as well as economic actors and the public The local and regional partner authorities involved have analysed their respective territories at local or regional level, whereas the analysis of the National Forest Administration- Romsilva focuses on the 2 National Parks that are involved in the Green Mountain project. The analysis carried out by the Slovak Environmental Agency focuses on the PPP Horehron, chosen to be a Model Area within the Green Mountain project. Green Mountain Project - A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas: 3 Existing Situation Analysis (ESA) report 1. ESA report ROMANIA Green Mountain Project - A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas: 4 Existing Situation Analysis (ESA) report 1.1 PRESENTATION OF THE TERRITORY 1.1.1 Relevant legislations regarding management/protection/valorisation of natural and protected mountain areas. The relevant legislations in force in our country regarding protected areas is represented by acts, Government decisions, Government Emergency Ordinances and Minister orders, as follows: GEO No. 57/2007 regarding natural protected areas, natural habitats, flora and wild fauna preserving, with the subsequent completions and changes, approved through law No. 49/2011 (Protected areas law) Law No. 265/2006 regarding Environmental protection Law No.5/2000 regarding approval of the planning National - Section III - protected areas Ordinance No. 552/2003 regarding the interior zoning of national and natural parks and the establishment of their administrations Ordinance No. 776/2007 regarding the declaration of Sites of Community Importance as part of European ecological network Natura 2000 Decision No 1284/2007 regarding the declaration of Special birds and fauna protected areas as part of European ecological network Natura 2000 Government decisions No.2151/2004, No 1581/2005, No 1143/2007 regarding the establishment of protected natural areas system for new areas Government decisions No.121/2010 regarding the establishment of protected natural area for Natural Park of Cefa Hunting law – 2008 Environment law – 2006 Forest code - 2008 Law of the mountain (2004) Agricultural Intervention and Payments Agency- support payments, traces livestock and carries out inspections. (Calimani National Park) Other legislative agreements on sustainable integrated development and nature conservation: The Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians (2003)1, its Programme of work and Biodiversity Protocol (2008), resulting in additional initiatives in which Romania is involved: o The Danube-Carpathian Programme (WWF-DCP) o The Carpathian Network of Protected Areas (CNPA) 1 http://www.carpathianconvention.org/status.htm Green Mountain Project - A Sustainable Development Model for Green Mountain Areas: 5 Existing Situation Analysis (ESA) report o The Carpathian Ecoregion Initiative (CERI) – an umbrella NGO including private and public sector members form the Carpathian countries o The Mountain Forum in Romania 1.1.2 General presentation of the territory in reference to the mountain area. Romania is located in the south-eastern part of the Central Europe and is known both as a Carpathian country and the “country centred by the Carpathians and bounded southward by the Danube”, famous for the wide variety of natural endowment and beauties. The Carpathian Mountains stretch the country along 650km while the Danube River drenches the land on 1075km. Romania’s relief is characterized by a balanced distribution of areas