PRSRT STD U.S. POSTAGE PAID WILMINGTON, DE PERMIT NO. 1635 THE MARITIME EXCHANGE 240 Cherry Street Philadelphia, PA 19106 BEACONSummer 2019 ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED Volume 29, No.3 www.maritimedelriv.com w [email protected] w /company/maritimedelriv w @maritimedelriv Exchange, ISM, Villanova partner to Interview with digitize ship records New Jersey Congressman posterity. For the next 100 years, Ex- logs to Villanova University for its change personnel painstakingly noted Digital Library initiative, which cre- Jefferson each arrival, departure, and shifting ates and preserves digital collections in large, leather-bound volumes. In- that support teaching and research at Van Drew formation collection eventually tran- the campus and for the global com- sitioned to typewritten reports, and it munity of scholars. moved into a fully electronic environ- According to Villanova’s Director ment in the mid-1980s. of Distinctive Collections and Digital “Needless to say, storing those Engagement Michael Foight, the ini- handwritten ship logs was a chal- tiative is all about collaboration. “We lenge,” Himber said. Not only do they have about 20 partners, and ISM is take up a great deal of space, but the the largest by far,” he said. Through books require a controlled environ- its relationships with other organi- ment to ensure they are adequately zations, Villanova is able to make preserved. massive amounts of data available The optimal solution to solve in perpetuity under a creative com- both problems was readily appar- mons license. “Our goal is to provide Villanova Librarian Laura Bang oper- ent. In 1973, the Exchange donated this information for free and for the ates the equipment used to digitize the a significant portion of its historical public good — the costs are built into Maritime Exchange ship reporting documents, including the massive our annual operating budget for spe- records. ship logs, to the Independence Sea- cial collections. While the purpose is port Museum. Additional records fol- to support our own students and re- What’s the one thing all members On November 6, 2018, constituents in New lowed in 2009. searchers around the world, it’s not Jersey’s Second Congressional District know about the Maritime Exchange? “Altogether we received 324 just about altruism. It benefits the elected Jeff Van Drew to represent them According to Exchange VP Lisa bound volumes in addition to 134 university and the city to be collab- in the U.S. House of Representatives. Himber, everyone recognizes that boxes of loose records from the Ex- orative, and it certainly provides a Van Drew, who previously served four monitoring ship traffic is the organi- change,” said Independence Seaport certain prestige for us all. I just wish terms in the New Jersey State Senate, was zation’s raison d’etre. “Even those Museum Chief Curator Craig Bruns. more people would avail themselves appointed to the Committees on Natural who don’t use the services know the “It’s a huge collection, and it forms of this resource.” Resources and on Agriculture. We asked Exchange collects information about the core of the museum’s collections What is most interesting, accord- the newly elected Congressman to share his thoughts on several issues key to ships arriving and departing Dela- documenting the region’s maritime ing to Bruns, is how the Exchange Delaware River ports. ware River ports — that it’s our tradi- trade during the mid-19th to the collection links with others held by tional role and a fundamental part of early-20th centuries.” The records the museum, from the John Barry- our mission,” she said. have been available to researchers for Patrick Hayes collection, to the Beth- Q: First off, please tell us a little about When it was incorporated in 1875, many years, but now the Museum and lehem Steel archives, to the late-18th the ports and harbors in your district. the Maritime Exchange accepted the the Exchange wish to increase their and early-19th century ship mani- A: The importance of ports to the responsibility not only to gather and accessibility. fests. share ship movement information Earlier this year the Seaport Mu- identity, industry, and economy of but also to maintain those records for South Jersey cannot be overstated. The seum delivered the first group of six continued on page 7 history of South Jersey’s ports is rich, with notable ports on both the eastern soned industry veterans. “Initially, and western borders of the state that Unsung Hero had to sink or swim that didn’t really work for me,” he have contributed to the prosperity of said. But after about three months, he “He just sort of threw me to the wolves” started handling his own ships, and it our region. On the west, the port of started to click. Camden has historically enjoyed success “Michael is a third-generation opposite the Port of Philadelphia, and in member of the Philadelphia maritime its heyday, housed RCA Victor, New community. His grandfather worked York Shipbuilding, and Campbell Soup. for 25 years at Sun Ship then as a su- Despite falling victim to urban decay in perintendent of ship repair for Suno- the 1960s, through revitalization efforts, co Inc.,” said Jean Cureton, who also it has been greatly improved to attract sailed for Sunoco before starting his new customers and once again handles own agency. domestic and international bulk and Cureton was “young and hungry” breakbulk cargoes. To the east, Cape in those early days. “I was the first May Harbor has an incredible history to raise my hand to board ships,” he of its own; in fact, in 1976 the city was said. The Delaware Valley Marine deemed a National Historic Landmark. model at that time had each agent Cape May Harbor also happens to be the managing his own customers. Fo- Exchange Chairman John Reynolds (left) presented Michael Cureton with the Ex- second busiest port on the East Coast for cusing on tankers, one would han- change’s 2019 Unsung Hero Award on May 8. Membership Committee Chair Bar- off-loading seafood. Fishing, marinas, bara Hunter (right) shepherded the review committee through the difficult process of dle Sunoco, and the other managed shipping, and tourism are all vital pieces Conoco. “As I got more and more selecting a winner from among the worthy candidates. of the economies of Cape May and other experience,” Cureton said, “I started port cities in South Jersey. Like most ship agents, 2019 Un- First hired by Delaware Valley sharing the business equally with the other agents. Then when George got Q: What’s the importance of U.S. sung Hero Michael Cureton learned Marine owner — and uncle — Jean sick, I became fully responsible for Coast Guard to your district? his craft the hard way: on the job. No Cureton `in 2007, Michael fondly re- calls his earliest days in the industry. Sunoco.” A: I am proud to represent the home to specific training program, formal or “Jean basically told me to ‘just follow His ability to really learn the busi- the U.S. Coast Guard Training Center otherwise, existed to provide direc- their lead,’” referring to co-workers ness, Cureton said, came through tion or help him get there faster. George Bonsall and Bill Allison, sea- continued on page 10 continued on page 9 The Beacon 2 Summer 2019

What’s that about “empowering” women?

Musings from Exchange VP Lisa Himber

I’m not entirely sure what to make of the Inter- national Maritime Organization decision to make “Empowering Women in the Maritime Commu- nity” the theme of World Maritime Day 2019. The goals are certainly worthy: “. . . to raise awareness of the importance of gender equality and to highlight the important contribution (sic) of women all over the world to the maritime sec- tor.” maritime industry leadership. In the 1990s, we it seems to be more about the numbers. Women in But it’s 2019 after all. As we heard at the highly joked about “not having to wait in line for the rest maritime leadership are clearly underrepresented, successful WISTA (Women’s International Ship- room” at maritime meetings and events. But to- but equally apparent is that those who are there ping & Trading Association) USA conference in day we still don’t have to wait, and really, it’s no are in fact fully included. (Whether they are paid Philadelphia this past spring, we don’t need to longer all that funny. the same for doing the same jobs is a topic for talk about women “getting there” in the maritime Let me quote from WISTA President Despina another day.) industry. Truth be told, we’re already there. Panayiotou Theodosiou, who in a recent newslet- This highlights my challenge in fully embrac- The world’s maritime academies have been ter to members related “. . . an interesting question ing the IMO’s World Maritime Day theme. Does accepting women for decades. We are CEOs, ship that came from the audience [at an IMO event] the scarcity of female maritime leaders result be- masters, entrepreneurs, engineers, and rainmak- ‘When will we finally say that women are em- cause the industry systemically allows only a se- ers. We lead national and international compa- powered? We have been using this word for de- lect few women to reach that status, or is it that nies, organizations, and government agencies at cades now; when will we get there?’ In my opin- far too few young girls and women choose mari- all levels. ion, until the industry understands that diversity time as a career? Women professionals do not self-identify as of thought is essential for our future, and women No doubt the answer is some combination of such. We don’t refer to ourselves or each other as . . . are fully included (in leadership, in industry the two. “female pilots” or, worse, “lady lawyers.” That, discussions, in every facet of shipping) then we If I had to focus on one of those two vexing unfortunately, is the purview of some of our gen- cannot be done talking about empowerment.” She problems, I’d elect to spend more effort educating tlemen colleagues. Though from my little corner makes an excellent point. the upcoming generations on the value of choos- of the world, this behavior seems to be decreas- But that brings me back to my conundrum. We ing maritime careers. As the current, and perhaps ing as our more venerable colleagues retire and are “there,” but yet we’re not. What is it that we more biased, cadre of predominantly male lead- younger generations rise through the ranks. really want to achieve? ers makes way, the problem of needing to “em- Despite this, my own experience tells me that It does not seem to me that the problem lies power” women in all likelihood will die a long- women have not yet reached a critical mass in with the need to further empower women. Rather, overdue natural death. Summer 2019 The Beacon 3 Cyber criminals set their sights on ships Vessel-focused attacks among the latest threats to the maritime industry It is now officially inescapable — actively encourages its membership Mariners overseas have experi- cyber attacks and data breaches have to participate in the Area Maritime enced Automatic Identification Sys- become daily news. Those who have Security Committee and heed recom- tem and global positioning system somehow managed to miss all the mendations from the AMSC Cyber spoofing attempts, the faking of real- print, web, and TV reports, have un- Subcommittee. Further, the resiliency time vessel positions, and false GPS doubtedly been warned and warned of the port in the face of such an attack reports. Tricking ship masters and pi- again by their IT administrators about is of critical importance to us all and lots into believing they are somewhere Welcome New the latest and scariest attack vectors. something we strive to improve upon they are not, even by short distances, So it is not surprising that ocean constantly.” can have disastrous consequences. Members vessels have come under the cross- The attackers and motives are al- “With AIS and GPS spoofing tech- hairs of cyber criminals. most as varied as the types of cyber nology becoming more sophisticat- In May 2019, the Coast Guard attacks themselves. They run the full ed,” said Jason Rowinski, director of American Lifting Products warned the maritime industry that gamut from state actors involved in operations and technology for the Pi- 1227 West Lincoln Highway email phishing and malware intrusion espionage, to organized criminals who lots’ Association for the Bay & River attempts had been made against ves- have made cyber theft a big business, Delaware, “prevention is a key consid- Coatesville, PA 19320 sels. In particular, malicious software to extremists sowing terror for its own eration in our portable pilot hardware, 610-384-1800 designed to disrupt shipboard comput- sake, to the lone wolf out to make software, and training.” [email protected] er systems had been identified. quick and easy money, and everything Many regulated entities are re- www.alpindustries.com In addition, criminals, posing as of- in between. The dark web is a virtual quired to notify authorities of cyber ficial port state control authorities, at- shopping mall for would-be criminals incidents — vessel owners and op- tempted to gain sensitive information, to purchase malware kits, stolen cre- erators must report suspicious activ- Blommer Chocolate including advanced notice of arrival dentials, and mailing lists. ity and breaches to the National Re- 1101 Blommer Drive data. NOAs, a Coast Guard reporting The A.P. Moller-Maersk shipping sponse Center at 800-424-8802. For East Greenville, PA 18041 requirement for arriving ships, con- line was crippled for two weeks in cases that do not affect the operating tain a wealth of information, such as 2017 when ransomware infected its condition of the vessel or result in a 800-825-8181 schedules, ports of call history, regis- global computer network, essentially pollution incident, they may report to www.blommer.com try detail, and emergency contact in- shutting down all automated and elec- the 24/7 National Cybersecurity and formation. But the NOA also includes tronic operations. The fallout has been Communications Integration Center at Collegiate Consortium for full crew and passenger manifests with estimated at between $250-$300 mil- 888-282-0870. personally identifiable information for lion. Maersk has been commended for The latest incidents highlight the Workforce and Economic all aboard. its transparency as a learning experi- adaptability and ingenuity of crimi- Development “The Mariners’ Advisory Commit- ence to other shipping companies. nals to exploit any and all technologi- 901 South Media Line Road tee, its constituents, and port partners Cosco Shipping Lines reported an cal and human vulnerabilities. Every- Media, PA 19063 are aware of the recent cyber attacks on attack in July 2018 that affected its one involved in the operation of a ship vessels and the likelihood for the tem- networks in several countries in the from the vessel owners and operators, 215-218-3886 po of attacks to increase,” said MAC Americas. In September 2018, the port pilots, onshore partners, and the crew jglavin@ Chairman Captain J. Stuart Griffin. of Barcelona, Spain and the port of will have be more vigilant against the collegiateconsortium.org “The MAC is taking appropriate mea- San Diego, Calif. experienced system known, and just as important, the un- www.collegiateconsortium.org sures to defend against intrusions and disruptions due to cyber attacks. known, threats.

Metropolis Passenger Final channel deepening surveys underway Logistics, LLC P.O. Box 431 Progress towards completing the cus Hook Range in the spring of Lakes Dredge and Dock Co., will Essington, PA 19029 deepening of the Delaware River this year, the Corps of Engineers finalize a plan to remove these re- main shipping channel to 45 feet conducted additional investigations maining rock outcrops as the last 215-595-2525 continues. and surveys. Once this activity is step to completing this all-impor- [email protected] Following the discovery of ad- complete, the Corps, working with tant project. www.metro-ride.com ditional rock outcrops in the Mar- local sponsor PhilaPort and Great The Beacon 4 Summer 2019

Exchange Operations team Park relieves Dahle at welcomes new member Corps district ware, New York’s Catskills region, The Maritime Exchange Line help desk and distribute real- and part of northeastern Maryland. is pleased to welcome David time safety, security, navigation, LTC Park was commissioned as Moeller as the newest member of operational and and policy alerts. an engineer second lieutenant from the Operations staff. Prior to the In his role with the Exchange, the U.S. Military Academy in 2001. joining the Exchange, Moeller Moeller will serve its members He has a bachelor’s in aerospace en- held a long career in the aero- and Maritime On-Line users by gineering and a master’s in engineer- space industry and served in the disseminating vessel schedule and ing management from the University U.S. Army’s 295th Military Po- of Missouri, Science and Technology. navigation restriction information He is a graduate of the Engineer Of- lice Company. and supporting Maritime On-Line Moeller earned a BS in man- ficer Basic Course, Engineer Officer users throughout the Delaware Advanced Course, and Command and agement and an MBA in inter- River port complex and in other General Staff College. national business and corporate regions of the U.S. and abroad. Most recently, he served on a joint finance. The Maritime Exchange is the duty assignment to the National Geo- “Dave is an experienced and only source for conveyance, car- spatial-Intelligence Agency as deputy committed professional,” Ex- go, and crew information critical division chief of the Space and Interi- change Director of Operations to private and public sector mari- ors Division and as chief of staff of the Paul Myhre said. “He will work time stakeholders and has been Security and Installations Directorate. at our Ship Reporting Tower in Previous assignments have includ- fillingthis role for over 140 years. At a change of command ceremo- Lewes with a team dedicated to ny July 12, 2019, Lieutenant Colonel ed platoon leader, executive officer, “Our data and services allow our serving Exchange members.” David C. Park assumed command as and battalion adjutant with the 16th The operations staff functions constituents to meet important the Corps’ Philadelphia District’s 60th Engineer Battalion, Giessen, Ger- 24/7/365 to ensure members get commercial, security, and naviga- Commander, leading a 500-mem- many; company executive officer in the information they need when tional safety goals,” Myhre said. ber district office. Missions include support of Operation Iraqi Freedom they need it. When not at work, Dave en- dredging waterways for navigation, from May 2003 to August 2004; battle Moeller joins a cohesive unit joys spending time with his fami- protecting communities from flood- captain at the Coalition Forces Land consisting of six full-time em- ly and working on classic cars. He ing and coastal storms, responding to Component Command, Camp Arifjan, natural and declared disasters, regulat- Kuwait; and engineer observer/trainer ployees with a combined ex- is currently finishing up a 1939 ing construction in the nation’s waters with the Battle Command Training perience of 80 years at the Ex- Ford Deluxe Coupe. “I am excited for the opportu- and wetlands, remediating environ- Program. change. Together, they facilitate mental hazards, restoring ecosystems, He deployed in support of Opera- nity to be a part of the Exchange ship movements in the region by building facilities for the Army and tion Iraqi Freedom from December communicating the latest updates and serve the maritime communi- Air Force, and providing engineering, 2008 to January 2010 as an operations throughout the maritime commu- ty,” Moeller said. “The Maritime contracting, and project management officer for the Division Engineer, 1st nity and helping coordinate ac- Exchange plays a vital role in the services for other government agen- Cavalry Division and assumed com- tivities associated with vessel and region, and I feel fortunate to be a cies upon request. mand, while deployed, of Echo Com- cargo processing. The Operations member of the team.” Established in 1866, the U.S. Army pany, 2-5 Cavalry Regiment, 1st Bri- crew also staff the Maritime On- Welcome aboard, Dave! Corps of Engineers’ Philadelphia Dis- gade, 1st Cavalry Division. He then trict encompasses the 13,000-square- redeployed to Fort Hood, Texas and mile Delaware River Basin and the served as company commander of Atlantic Coast from New Jersey’s Charlie Company, 1st Brigade Special Manasquan Inlet to the Delaware- Troops Battalion, 1st Cavalry Divi- Maryland line. Within its boundaries sion. are more than eight million people LTC Park is from Fairfax, Va. and in eastern Pennsylvania, western and has been married to Jill Ann Park since southern New Jersey, most of Dela- 2014. Summer 2019 The Beacon 5

Pilots’ Association for the Bay and River Delaware: A brief history By: Capt. Colleen L. Moran through dangerous and congested wa- In 1756, the first good chart of the and pilotage. Any vessel that did not terways such as harbors and rivers. Delaware was made by pilot Joshua hire a local pilot would be subjected To quote Mark Twain, “The pilot Fisher, a Lewes hatter, and signed to a fine of half the pilotage fees. has to know more than any man has by 22 pilots licensed by the Crown. The Commonwealth enacted laws the right to know; every foot of the Later, in 1766, competition became governing the Bay and River Dela- river bank; it must be familiar to him, recognized as a problem, and the as- ware in 1818, and it was not uncom- and he must recognize it in an instant. sembly established the Board of Port mon for port wardens to board ships It is constantly altering, never looks Wardens. The wardens examined and at Grubb’s Landing just south of Mar- the same twice, and he must notice licensed pilots, maintained aids to cus Hook. Until 1833, all pilots on the any change instinctively and summon navigation, and cleared obstructions. Delaware were controlled by the laws at once the necessary reflexes.” In During the American Revolution, of Pennsylvania. other words, a pilot is the local knowl- pilots would play a major role on This situation was unsatisfactory edge specialist. the Delaware. A pilot by the name of to many of the Lewes pilots, and un- History of local pilotage Henry Fisher alerted the War Board of der an initiative by Pilot Capt. Henry Philadelphia of the presence of enemy Virden, the governor of Delaware as- Pilotage of foreign vessels in the ships off Cape Henlopen. He was then sumed responsibility for appointing U.S. is regulated by the individual appointed to the Continental Con- pilots residing in the state. Delaware states, each of which maintains state gress to raise a militia to defend the established a State Pilot Commission When most people see a large ship pilotage systems. The first known ref- coast and the port. He enlisted many in 1881. coming up the river, they have no idea erence to pilots on the Delaware River fellow pilots, though some remained During the 1800s, several pilot a state pilot is onboard assisting with appears in J.T. Scharff’s 1888 History dedicated to the king. schooners operated off Cape Hen- navigation. First and foremost, this in- of Delaware, which mentions “pilot- Following the revolution, port lopen and Cape May. These vessels dividual’s role is to protect the people, age on the Bay and River Delaware commerce exploded, and with this belonged to only a handful of fami- the economy, and the environment of in 1650.” The Nanticoke Indians who increase in shipping came a demand lies who owned and operated them. the region. Though piloting is one of lived along the bay and river were the for more pilots. In 1789, the first U.S. The boats were between 70-90 feet in the oldest professions, it is one about first to provide pilot services to the Congress enacted a law giving the length with a 23-foot beam and a draft which little is known. European settlers who followed after states the right to regulate pilotage in of about 12 feet. Henry Hudson’s exploration in 1609. The term pilot derives from the their own waters. This state pilotage Competing for customers Dutch word for pole and lead, pilj Throughout the colonial period, system remains in effect today. lood, The lead line is an ancient navi- pilotage continued to develop as the In 1803, Pennsylvania passed a law During that time, the Cape Hen- gation tool used for measuring water need for local knowledge of tides, requiring each ship entering and leav- lopen Lighthouse keeper would hoist depths and obtaining a bottom sam- currents, shoals, and other hazards ing the Port of Philadelphia to hire a a black ball when a ship was spotted ple. A pilot is a mariner who is high- to navigation became greatly recog- local pilot and gave the Board of Port in the distance. The schooners would ly trained in the navigation of ships nized. Wardens the power to regulate pilots continued on page 11 Delaware River industry supports HMT Thanks to all Delaware River The letter highlighted the need To join this effort and sign on to aapa-ports.org or go to https://www. stakeholders who supported a for full use of the annual harbor the coalition letter, contact Susan surveymonkey.com/r/HZHGMQP. comprehensive proposal for full use maintenance tax revenues and the Monteverde at AAPA at smonteverde@ of the Harbor Maintenance Tax by necessity of a fair and equitable tax signing on to a coalition letter to House framework. and Senate leadership, circulated by The North Atlantic Ports Association the American Association for Port and the National Association of Authorities. Maritime Organizations also circulated Joining the Exchange as co-signers the letter among their memberships. were the Mariners’ Advisory Committee, For those who missed signing the the Pilots’ Association, Norton Lilly, letter in the first go around, there is Moran Shipping, Penn Terminals, good news: AAPA plans to keep the PhilaPort, General Steamship, Terminal letter open for the purpose of adding Shipping, Wilmington Tug, Gahagan & additional signatures prior to reissuing Bryant, and others. the letter in late July/early August.

McAllister managers gather in Philadelphia

General managers from McAllister Towing’s 13 ports from Maine to Puerto Rico and senior leadership held their semi- annual manager’s meeting in Philadelphia in mid-June. As a part of the three-day agenda, Exchange Chairman John Reyn- olds (right), joined here by Exchange Director Mike Reagoso of McAllister Baltimore, addressed the group about activities at Delaware River ports. The group assembled to discuss com- pany business and industry trends. The Beacon 6 Summer 2019 Crowley: Growing on Del. River and beyond we knew that speed, efficiency, and supply chain services,” he said. “This accuracy were critical. It worked.” is extremely valuable to customers who Chairman and CEO Tom Crowley, rely on companies not just to transport Jr. — grandson of founder Thomas containers but to provide Customs Crowley —and his leadership team clearance, warehousing, distribution, direct a company with more than cross-docking, and trucking services.” $2 billion in annual revenues and Yet to its people, Crowley is approximately 5,300 employees. much more than an employer. After Crowley maintains a fleet of 200 Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico vessels, including Ro/Ro (roll-on/roll- in 2017, “Crowley took care of off) and Lo/Lo vessels, articulated its employees and their families,” tug-barges, tugs, and barges. Its Yarlagadda said. “The company put land-based facilities and equipment them on barges and transported them to include terminals, warehouses, tank Jacksonville out of harm’s way.” About Tug “Marty J” assists the barge “Explorer” at Penn Terminals in July 2019. farms, office buildings, trucks, trailers, 75 of the 5,300 employees worldwide containers, chassis, cranes, and other work in the Delaware River port area, specialized vehicles. including administrative staff, tug and With roots dating back to 1892, to receive leading services in the trade,” Crowley’s Delaware River barge crews, and terminal workers. Crowley Maritime Corporation has Yarlagadda said. “The Lo/Lo change operations are broad and deep. In While Crowley looks forward to become a giant among global shipping completed the company’s San Juan addition to the weekly service at Penn expanding its service offerings, like and trading companies, and it is among terminal modernization and efforts Terminals, the company has brought just about every other organization the longest-serving Delaware River to modernize operations. It provides ocean-going container ships to Tioga involved in cargo trade and transport, port customers and operators. customers the most efficient services Marine Terminal since 1994 and docks it strives to improve that service in an Today, Crowley’s operating lines on terminal, including reducing truck tugs at McAllister’s facility in the increasingly time-sensitive industry. include Puerto Rico/Caribbean liner turn times.” Navy Yard. “We continue to seek ways to provide services, Latin America liner services, “Penn Terminals welcomed “Crowley Logistics has grown more visibility and tracking for logistics, marine contract solutions, Crowley as a full-time customer in much larger than barges and tugs,” customers while reducing friction deep sea petroleum transportation and 2018,” said its President and CEO John according to Yarlagadda. It currently points as they seek to streamline supply petroleum transportation, distribution, Brennan. “While that was planned, has a $2 million contract with the chains,” Yarlagadda said. and sales in Alaska. what was not was Hurricane Maria federal government and performs Though Crowley primarily operates “Crowley has served the Northeast hitting Puerto Rico in September services ranging from air freight and domestic barge service at Delaware market from Petty’s Island in 2017. Both Penn and Crowley were inland transport to marine insurance River ports, its port call numbers are Pennsauken, N.J. continuously since ramping up operationally for the then- to Customs brokering and freight consistent with the most active ocean 1982 and began [service] from Penn forthcoming 2018 swap when the forwarding, vessel design and carriers in the region. “Crowley’s broad Terminals in 2018,” said Veerabhadra storm hit . . . all parties were put into engineering, and numerous other scope of services complements the Yarlagadda, the company’s director action to support Crowley’s handling offerings. strength, diversity, and sustainability of North Atlantic Operations & of FEMA relief aid cargo bound for Yarlagadda sees these non-asset- of our port complex,” said Exchange Engineering. Puerto Rico. All our joint operational based services as the way of the future President Dennis Rochford. “Its The move to Penn Terminals plans were fast tracked, and Penn for the 126-year-old company. “In Delaware River operations represent a coincided with Crowley’s transition to started to accept FEMA aid cargo the past year, Crowley has aligned its significant contribution to the overall Lo/Lo (lift-on/lift-off using onboard (chiefly emergency food and water) logistics and liner services for the North viability and competitiveness of our cranes) for its weekly service between by truck nearly immediately. . .. We Atlantic, South Atlantic, and other port, and we appreciate the company’s Chester and Puerto Rico. “The change all knew the importance of what we locations under Crowley Logistics so commitment to this region and its to Lo/Lo ensured customers continued were doing, why we were doing it, and customers have a one-stop source for business community.” Summer 2019 The Beacon 7 Our maritime treasures

“SS United States.” Across the river and had a range of 17,000 nautical manent display adjacent to the cruiser in Camden is the WWII battleship miles. “Becky,” as she was known, “USS Olympia” at Penn’s Landing on “USS New Jersey.” completed five wartime patrols in the June 21, 1976. Realizing I have been aboard ev- Pacific and is credited with sinking I believe my good friend and class- ery one of these treasures except the many enemy merchant ships. mate Captain Art Bjorkner from Key- “Becuna,” I did a bit of research and “Becuna” was converted in 1951 stone Shipping served on “Becuna” or While sitting on the aft deck of my came up with some amazing history. to a guppy-type sub with added so- a similar type of sub. As soon as I track boat recently at Penn’s Landing, I re- The “Becuna” is a Balao-class sub- phisticated radar and torpedo equip- him down, I want to find out what life alized it’s possible to see many of the marine built in New London, Conn. ment including nuclear warheads. was like aboard such a cramped ship. world’s maritime treasures right here in 1944 and named for a pike-like She served in the Mediterranean and Those who served aboard these sub- on the Delaware River just by turn- fish of Europe. She was launched on the Atlantic during the Korean and marines were truly brave men. ing my head. Only a few yards away, January 30, 1944 by the Electric Boat Vietnam wars and ended her long and In the meantime, I am I could almost touch the cruiser “USS Company of Groton, Conn. and was distinguished career as a training sub- heading to tour “Be- Olympia,” the WWII submarine “Be- commissioned on May 27, 1944. She marine. She was decommissioned on cuna” and the other cuna,” the historic tug “Jupiter,” and is 307 feet long and has a beam of 27 November 7, 1969 and laid up in the treasures of the In- a bit further up the dock, the “Gazela feet. “Becuna” displaced 1,800 tons Atlantic reserve fleet. “Becuna” was dependence Seaport Primeiro.” Downriver is the most fa- surfaced and 2,400 tons submerged. stricken from the Naval Register on Museum. mous passenger ship in the world, the She carried a complement of 82 men August 15, 1973 and placed on per- Preserving a piece of “The Exchange project is meaning- weighed, and smelled like. The origi- entire collection. With about 7,000 ful to the maritime community at large. nal volumes will remain at the museum ship arrivals per year at the turn of the maritime history For the men and women who work in and continue to be available to those 20th century, compared to about 2,400 our ports today, there is a history to who wish to directly connect with the arrivals today, each volume contains continued from page 1 what they do — someone was doing history of the port.” one to two years’ worth of information. John Barry is known as the “Father the same job 100 years ago,” Bruns It took about six months to digitize of the U.S. Navy” and was appointed said. the first six volumes, which cover the “Like the Exchange, the Indepen- by George Washington as the first cap- Another notable aspect of the Ex- years 1875-1883. Students scan each dence Seaport Museum represents the tain of rank in the new U.S. Navy in change collection is how it provides document using the Digital Library entire tristate region,” Himber said. a snapshot of a culture. “While the 1797. His nephew Patrick Hayes once Federation standard, and librarians cre- “ISM tells the story of the whole port, penmanship of the Exchange employ- ate the written descriptions of each col- managed the Port of Philadelphia. “The and we are extremely excited about the Barry-Hayes collection represents the ees who maintained the logs year after lection and each document. largest group of documents for which year may be perfect, younger genera- “We’re a leader in the U.S. No other role the Exchange plays in preserving a we have partnered with Villanova tions who are no longer taught to write port has progressed as far as we have piece of that history.” to digitize,” Bruns said. The collec- in cursive might look at the books as in digitizing their maritime records,” The Exchange digital records are tion includes correspondence, diaries, though they’re written in a foreign lan- Foight said. Though the archive is not available at https://digital.library.vil- guage,” Himber said. “Digitizing the logbooks, and other papers related to yet searchable by keyword, “This can lanova.edu/Item/vudl:543155. Or stop Barry’s Navy career as well as Hayes records gives them access.” be added when the current project is in to see the full paper collection at family business ventures, including “The sheer physicality and scale done,” he said. its export business and Patrick Barry of the books really speaks of a time,” Conversion takes place at the rate Independence Seaport Museum at 211 Hayes’ stint as a Customs appraiser in Bruns said. “When we digitize, people of about one month per volume, so it S. Christopher Columbus Boulevard in Philadelphia. forget what the originals looked, felt, may take several years to digitize the Philadelphia. The Beacon 8 Summer 2019 LNG use as fuel is growing

By: Matt Dutzman, VP Business Development UGI Energy Services LLC

Several members of the Maritime sulphur cap on all marine fuel oils staff visited one of UGI Energy Ser- beginning in 2020, the shipping sec- vices’ (UGIES) liquefied natural gas tor is under pressure to drastically facilities near Reading, Pa. on May reduce its emissions. One possible 1. The Exchange group, consisting alternative is to use LNG, which of President Dennis Rochford, Vice has negligible sulphur levels. Use President Lisa Himber, and Director of LNG also means a 75-85 percent of Operations Paul Myhre, toured reduction in NOx and almost zero the facility, getting a first-hand look particulate matter since the fuel is at the full scope of its operations. cleaned prior to liquefaction. The Natural gas is liquefied in a pro- main component of LNG is meth- cess called liquefaction, which su- ane, which has the lowest carbon per-cools the gas to -260°F. As the content of all hydrocarbon fuels and, natural gas liquefies, it reduces in therefore, the highest potential to re-

volume by a factor of about 600 to duce CO2 emissions. 1. Once liquefied, the gas can be eas- Orders for LNG-powered vessels ily and safely transported by truck span a variety of vessel types includ- to various end users, including com- ing tankers, cruise ships, and con- mercial and industrial users who lie tainer ships. Norway has been at the outside of the natural gas pipeline forefront of the marine LNG indus- service territory. try, with the first gas-fueled vessel (l-r) Exchange President Dennis Rochford, VP Lisa Himber, and Director of Opera- LNG is used as a primary heat entering service in early 2000s. By tions Paul Myhre (2nd from right) learned a great deal about LNG processing and and fuel source for users in place of the middle of 2017, Norway had in- distribution during their visit to the UGI Energy Services Temple, Pa. facility in May. propane or fuel oil. It is also being creased its natural gas powered fleet UGI team members Tom Hollenbach, LNG Plant Manager (center), Sandeep Kurup, Business Development Manager (far right), and Marco Calderon, Director of Business used in place of diesel to fuel on- to 53 vessels. Globally, the LNG- Development (not pictured) provided an extensive briefing and plant tour. road trucks and mining vehicles as powered fleet has grown from 118 well as in the oil field services, ma- vessels in operation in 2017 to 143 will continue to expand as well. UGIES, a subsidiary of UGI Cor- rine, and rail sectors. in 2019 — with an additional 135 on Multiple options for bunkering LNG poration, supplies and markets natu- The use of LNG as a marine fuel order. Cruise ship operator Carnival onto vessels are available, includ- ral gas, liquid fuels, and electricity is a relatively new, emerging trend has one LNG-powered ship in use to 40,000 customer locations across but one that has expanded signifi- and another 10 on order. ing terminal storage tank to vessel, the mid-Atlantic and northeastern cantly in recent years. Following the As the number of LNG-fueled truck to vessel, or vessel to vessel. U.S. UGIES has been safely produc- International Maritime Organiza- ships continues to increase, the dedi- Although truck to vessel is current- ing and working with LNG for more tion’s decision to set a 0.5 percent cated LNG bunkering infrastructure ly the predominant method, several bunker vessels are under develop- than 40 years. UGIES’ Temple LNG ment in key locations such as the facility has the capacity to store up U.S., the Middle East, and China. to 15 million gallons of LNG and a liquefaction capacity of 120,000 Over the past decade, natural gas gallons per day. Its Manning LNG hub prices worldwide have been be- facility in northern Pennsylvania, in low the price of crude oil and heavy heart of the Marcellus Shale, has a fuel oil, HFO. Compared to other liquefaction capacity of 150,000 gal- alternative fuels, LNG has become lons per day with an LNG storage attractive for many end users as its capacity of 500,000 gallons. From price has reached historically low these facilities, LNG supply can be levels, and it is much less volatile trucked to marine ports throughout than conventional fuels. Currently, the East Coast. the price level is competitive with UGIES sees great potential for marine gas oil, and in 2020, the price the use of LNG in the marine indus- of LNG is expected to be competi- try and is actively exploring options tive with low-sulphur HFO. This for the development of infrastructure makes the economics of using LNG along the Eastern seaboard. as a marine fuel even more attrac- Visit http://ugies.com/liquefied- tive. natural-gas/ for more information. Summer 2019 The Beacon 9

Unsung hero 2019 re- from Delaware Valley Marine to Nor- ton Lilly.” Marcus Hook handles cipient is a ship agent Cureton explained that adding the personal touch in a service business supersize ship continued from page 1 requires building a rapport with cus- tomers, “From the AB who greets me on deck to the captain who presents the help from others. In addition to his paperwork, it’s really about engaging uncle Jean, “George was a real inspi- on a personal level.” To explain, he re- ration to me — he did everything the lated a story of a captain who was no right way, though I used to tease him longer even his customer asking for about being the agent for Noah’s ark.” help — and a substantial cash outlay — Cureton also credits Eric Clarke of purchasing a certain fishfinder. Trust- Philadelphia Energy Solutions, coin- ing the captain would in fact reimburse cidentally the Exchange’s 2018 Un- him the nearly $5,000, Cureton sent the sung Hero, with being a huge help. “I gear. That trust proved well founded as used to study — literally study — the the captain paid him back immediately. vessel schedules because I knew Eric He also extends that philosophy to was going ask me questions. While he his professional interactions. “I don’t The “JS Ineos Marlin,” built in China, called at the Marcus probably just needed the information, just answer the captain’s questions, I Hook Industrial Complex in early July to load ethane. The at some level I also think he was test- also try to provide other information, “Marlin” is one of the largest ethane carriers (VLEC) in the ing me.” such as weather conditions for exam- world, capable of carrying 85,000 cubic meters — or just over As luck would have it, just as Mi- ple. A little effort really goes a long 800,000 bbls of cold ethane — for ports in the Far East. It chael was starting to feel comfort- way,” Cureton said. is also the first of its kind to improve onboard cargo space able with the many different demands Jean Cureton brought a large con- by utilizing a tri-lobe tank design, achieving 20% more tank placed on a ship agent, the industry tingent of family members to the May 8 capacity than the common bi-lobe system. The “Marlin” is took a major economic hit. First, Cu- Unsung Hero award presentation. “As duel-fueled designed, like the smaller Dragon-class ships, to reton said, “refineries started feeding Michael’s uncle, I am extremely proud run on ethane, making it one of the cleanest-burning ships in themselves by rail.” Ultimately several of his achievements, which have been operation today. Delaware River oil refineries closed or instrumental in securing Norton Lilly’s idled during what would come to be success in our port.” he said. “As oper- out the U.S. according to the Associa- This nearly three decades after Cus- known as the Great Recession. ations manager, Michael has nurtured tion of Ship Brokers and agents — wor- tomhouse brokers asked themselves After Jean Cureton recognized that a team that goes above and beyond the ries about the trend of ship owners and similar questions following the launch he would need to realign his business expectations of a ship agent. He is al- operators electing to use centralized of the Customs Automated Broker In- given the dramatically altered eco- ways there for his customers, day and services, such as DA Desk or Diabos, terface system in the mid-1980s. Like nomic climate, he sold Delaware Val- night, proactively solving problems for disbursements and other financial the brokers did then, Cureton recog- ley Marine to Norton Lilly, where he and anticipating their needs.” processes. “As the industry moves nizes that agents will need to reinvent serves as general manager today and So what exactly is a ship agent? increasingly toward automation, es- themselves to stay relevant. where he and Michael both still ply Those not directly involved in ship pecially when it comes to things like Ever the optimist, Cureton also their trade. movement and processing may not en- paying Customs fees online, agents knows that ship owners and operators “Agents are known for having tirely understand the role of a vessel will no longer need to board ships with will always need boots on the ground. thankless jobs to begin with, but Mike agent. So what does an agent do? a check. What’s to stop these interna- “So the question then becomes, how do has always taken his responsibilities According to Cureton, the job is tional services from taking on more I stand out from the others?” seriously whether he gets a thanks or first and foremost about coordinating and more agency work?” he wonders. not,” said Michael Nesbitt, director of and communicating. “I am permanent- marine operations for Energy Trans- ly attached to my phone,” he said, “and fer, a Sunoco successor and owner of I’m working emails from when I first the Marcus Hook Industrial Complex. get up until just before I go to sleep.” “Coordinating all the activity necessary All that information he is moving to bring a ship into port is a delicate around is critical to a safe and efficient science. And doing that when some- vessel port call. “We are coordinating thing goes wrong, as it so often does, is Customs’ inspections, pilot boardings, when Michael does his best work. He tugs to dock and undock the ship, crew speaks calmly and stays steady while changes, vendors and technicians — everyone around him might be losing even making sure the ship has fresh their cool.” and frozen provisions. While working at an international “It’s a 24/7 job, and it isn’t for ev- ship agency is dramatically different eryone,” Cureton said. “I’ve actually than at a small sole proprietorship, Cu- woken up in the middle of the night in reton believes one overarching prin- a sweat to check on things, wondering ciple still drives all activity. “From day whether everyone has the latest infor- one, Jean drilled into me the need to mation and making sure they all know always strive to provide ‘professional what’s going on.” services with a personal touch.’ It was Looking forward, Cureton — and one of many great concepts he brought his colleagues at ship agencies through- The Beacon 10 Summer 2019

NOAA tool provides advance info on coastal flooding

It is no secret in the maritime industry that “The Coastal Inundation Dashboard, like and waves. In rivers and tidal estuaries, water run- flooding can endanger lives, property, businesses, OceanReports and other National Ocean Service off from excessive rainfall can provide another and even bring communities and commerce to a online tools, brings vast amounts of NOAA’s data source of inundation. standstill. To help people prepare for and manage together to benefit businesses and communities If water rises above a certain level determined the effects of coastal flooding, NOAA has brought that drive our nation’s blue economy,” said Nicole by the National Ocean Service or local NOAA Na- together data from its over 200 coastal water level LeBoeuf, National Ocean Service acting director. tional Weather Service weather forecast offices for stations into one easy-to-use web tool. “In one easy-to-use and comprehensive website, a particular station, the Coastal Inundation Dash- High-tide flooding often occurs during so- local emergency managers and coastal communi- board will show whether minor flooding with a called “supermoons,” when the moon comes clos- ties can more easily monitor water levels and make low risk of property damage may occur. It will also est to the Earth in its elliptic orbit. The Coastal decisions before, during, and after a storm to en- warn of moderate flooding with threats to property Inundation Dashboard brings real-time water level sure they are more resilient to coastal flooding.” and life and major flooding with a significant risk information, 48-hour forecasts of water levels, As Hurricane Michael approached the U.S. in to life and property. storm surge and historic flooding information into October 2018, a prototype of the Coastal Inunda- NOAA’s popular Storm QuickLook informa- one online tool to help decision makers understand tion Dashboard displayed its effects on coastal wa- tion product will also be available through this new short-term risks, such as an approaching hurricane ter levels along the Florida panhandle. tool. The latest tropical cyclone track forecast and or nor’easter, as well as longer-term risks like A few common sources create coastal inunda- areas under active weather service coastal flood high-tide flooding and sea level rise. Boaters and tion — water that is above normally dry ground as advisories and storm surge watches or warnings fishermen can also use the tool to get their latest a result of flooding — including abnormally high will automatically display on top of the real-time local tides. tides, storm surge, and persistent onshore winds flood information.

Q&A with Congress- and supports a wide range of Coast efforts are affecting South Jersey Q: Any comment on the impact of Guard operations to include search coastline resources? the 45-foot Main Channel Deepening man Van Drew and rescue, law enforcement, port A: The Army Corps of Engineers plays project? security, and marine environmental a vital role in South Jersey given the A: The Delaware River main channel continued from page 1 protection. The air station also coastal nature of our region. In fact, deepening is critical to our regional provides multiple aircraft and crews to the Second Congressional District economy and economic development; in Cape May, the birthplace of the protect our nation’s capital 24 hours a that I represent comprises 65 percent the deeper channel will allow for enlisted corps. The Air Station in day and 7 days a week at the National of the entire Jersey coastline. The efficient transportation of a variety of Atlantic City is the nation’s only Coast Capital Region Air Defense Facility Army Corps helps protect life and cargos to and from Delaware River Guard Recruit Training Center and the under the operational control of the property throughout our communities ports. This project was first authorized fifth largest base in the Coast Guard. North American Aerospace Defense with coastal storm damage reduction by Congress to be deepened to 45 feet Its mission is to develop the enlisted Command. projects and aids our tourism-based in 1992, and its completion will be an workforce for the U.S. Coast Guard. Q: Because members of the maritime economy. I’ve been fighting tooth and historic achievement and important to Air Station Atlantic City, located at industry also live and play here, will nail this year to overcome red tape the over 135,000 port-related jobs in Atlantic City International Airport in you tell us how the Army Corps of and ensure that Stone Harbor beach is the region. Egg Harbor Township, is comprised Engineers’ beach replenishment renourished as soon as possible at no of 10 MH-65D Dolphin Helicopters additional expense. Summer 2019 The Beacon 11

History of the Pilots’ difficult for the pilots to board steam Coast Guard. Pilots would lead con- bedrooms for cruising pilots and ap- vessels from the row boats. voys of ships down the bay, avoid- prentice quarters. In addition, the As- Association The birth of the association ing the mine fields. At the request sociation and the Maritime Exchange of the Navy, apprentice pilots traded maintain a ship reporting tower at continued from page 5 The cost of a steam pilot boat ex- their oars for motor launches to board Cape Henlopen. ceeded the means of any of the indi- and disembark pilots due to the large In 1981, the association would vidual pilot groups, which inevitably number of ships in the convoys. This again be at the forefront of the indus- often cruise hundreds of miles to meet led to the discussion of forming one the ships, and the pilot who boarded was the introduction of the first mo- try through Capt. Joe Bradley’s great association. In October of 1896, pilots tor launches, which were wooden war strides to provide more precise pilot- would secure the pilotage for both representing each of the eight pilot the inbound and the outbound tran- surplus. ing with the introduction of the person- schooners met in Philadelphia to re- al pilot unit, an idea the he conceived sits. Needless to say, this practice was view and accept the new constitution Building a modern association very competitive and often hazardous. and developed. This first-generation and bylaws. On December 1, 1896, Following the war, business as usu- PPU was a portable Loran C assist In 1882, the Port Wardens established the Pilots’ Association for the Bay al returned to the Delaware. Through- cruising grounds for the pilot schoo- device, and it provided a position of and River Delaware officially incor- out the 20th century, the Pilots As- accuracy to 10 meters. It would later ners. porated. Ninety-two first class pilots sociation was at the forefront of the The late 1800s brought the arrival be replaced by the DGPS (differential from Cape May, Lewes, and Phila- industry. In the 1960s Capt. Paul Ives GPS) PPU in the mid-1990s and soon of steamers; vessels were now able delphia signed the Constitution and implemented a single-channel VHF to maintain regular schedules, and became an industry standard among elected Capt. John Penrose Virden as radio system as an industry standard, pilot associations worldwide. Today, captains no longer wanted to wander the president; he would hold that of- thereby instilling communication around waiting for a pilot schooner. pilots carry a DGPS/AIS (Automatic fice for 21 years. between vessels using radios. This Identification System) integrated PPU Some became known as Parlor Car system, along with the introduction Pilots because they would hop trains Serving their country that is accurate to one meter. of radar in 1964, ensured that ships In 1994, the association welcomed and trade as far north as Halifax in This new era brought better wages, and pilots could be in constant com- order to secure pilotage for a vessels a regular balanced work rotation, and the first female pilot, and just two munication, thereby improving safety years later, in 1996, it celebrated its making arrival at the Delaware Capes. more structured training. Some assets resulting in a reduction of collisions. In the Great Blizzard of 1888, were sold in effort to build the first 100-year anniversary as an incorpo- Once again setting national stan- rated association. Since 1896, only the pilot schooner “EW Tunnel” was steam pilot boat, “Philadelphia,” in dards, the Delaware Pilots were in- carried out to sea for 11 days with 1897. The boat’s service was short, as 300 members have signed the consti- strumental in the formation of the tution, of which 68 are presently ac- her pilots and apprentices fighting to she was commandeered by the U.S. Mariners’ Advisory Committee, the keep her afloat. Upon her return, she government in 1898 as a gunboat in tive. first harbor safety committee in the In closing, the Pilots Association is received a grand welcome by onlook- the Spanish-American War. Never- U.S., in 1964. ers at the cape. The following year, theless, the pilots would continue to proud to play an important role in our In 1979, after weathering 83 years port’s economy by keeping commerce the “Enoch Turley” would not be as hold station off Cape Henlopen using off Cape Henlopen on a station boat, fortunate. In an April gale, the Tur- two schooners and the tugboat “Juno” flowing through the safe and efficient the pilots moved our operations movement of vessels. Additionally, as ley was carried offshore; she was lost until building the “Philadelphia 2” in ashore to the Pilot Station in Lewes. along with all hands. This was to date 1898. Most of the other pilot schoo- state pilots, we remain dedicated and Built in 1938 by the Coast Guard and committed to the public interest. Like the greatest tragedy in the history of ners were sold. later used by the University of Dela- the Pilots. Pilots would go on to serve as our forefathers who plied these wa- ware for its Marine Science program, ters before us, we will continue to live Because of economic pressure, Coast Guardsmen in the two world the pilots purchased and renovated combined with the staggering loss of wars, and in 1942, the pilots again by the motto: “we’re on station when the building in 1978. The station con- others seek shelter.” life, the need to transition from sail to were asked to lend their boat to the tinues to serve as the association’s steam pilot boats became apparent. war effort. But this time all crew from downstate operation, including 10 Additionally, it was becoming more the ages of 18-38 were sworn into the The Beacon 12 Summer 2019

Shipping in the 1960s-1970s By: Elroy Dittmer, Jim Taylor, and Joe Zehner grams which exposed candidates to all During this era, letters were the phases of the industry. Many lower- principal method of communication. This is the first in a two-part se- agencies which had grown in the post- level employees joined the agencies as With copy machines still rare, typists ries of articles looking at changes in war years. their first jobs, and most training was would normally create many copies by steamship agency work over the last Agencies representing foreign ship- on the job. Most jobs did not require inserting carbon paper between several fifty years. ping lines usually employed a line higher education or technical qualifica- pieces of paper — sometimes as many manager, an assistant line manager, tions. Some offices consisted of several as four or five. Typographical errors During this era, other than Amer- and a cargo clerk. Companies had their young men, and this led to school-like were corrected by using an eraser on ican-flag companies, it was unusual own structures, but generally the line atmosphere. For anyone willing to the original as well as each carbon for steamship lines to have their own manager handled relations with the learn, there were opportunities to take copy. The eraser was often a wheel, of offices. Much of the shipping commu- principals, the assistant kept track of advantage of the experience of the mid- course — rubber with a metal strap, a nity were steamship agencies that rep- cargo bookings, and the clerk tracked level managers and some “old salts.” green brush, and using a small metal resented foreign-flag companies. Many deliveries and stamped delivery or- Communication shield to protect the paper below from of these agencies were local, though ders, which provided a description smudges. This process was very time some were national companies with of- of the cargo, where it was going, and Communication has always been consuming and a real pain. fices in many ports and inland sales of- who would deliver it to the ship dock. at the heart of shipping, as it is for al- Letters were either dictated to a sec- fices. Some even had foreign offices at The cargo clerk would rubber stamp most all businesses. When we began retary using shorthand or into a Dicta- strategic locations in the world, such as the dock order with the appropriate our careers in the mid-1960s, the pri- phone. The recording was then typed Norton Lilly International, which had dock information, which then would mary means of communication was by as a draft and approved by the sender an office at the Panama Canal Zone. go to the delivering rail or truck car- telephone. These were land lines, and prior to a final copy being prepared for Many agencies also operated steve- rier. When the cargo was delivered, long-distance calling was not as easy signing and mailing. doring companies and freight handlers the receiving clerk at the dock would as it is today. WATS (Wide Area Tele- Another common machine, the (railcar unloaders) and offered other mark the dock order with pertinent in- phone Service) lines, used for long-dis- teletype, transmitted over a special dock-related services. Stevedoring formation about the cargo, including tance calls, did not permit simultane- telephone line. When someone opened and other services generally produced measurements and cargo condition. ous users on the same line. an office, the first thing required was to more revenue than the agency work. This completed form was considered a Most offices had telephone switch- arrange with ITT, which had a lock on boards, with operators directing calls to Workforce dock receipt, and a copy was sent to the this method, for the teletype machine. agency office to keep track of what was the appropriate parties. The telephone Transmission was billed by the minute, Many agencies employed relatively delivered against a given booking. operators were the very best source of and therefore an economy of words large staffs. Larger agency offices fre- Couriers would bring documents information on what was really going was preferred, leading to the develop- quently consisted of up to 100 or more to be stamped and pick up complet- on as they often listened into telephone ment of a teletype jargon. To further workers. Most of the workforce was ed documents. As most offices were conversations. A box of candy or a shorten transmission time, the machine male and relatively young. Female em- within walking distance of each other, flower bouquet to the telephone and punched a series of small holes in a yel- ployees were usually secretaries and courier companies employed walking teletype operators was a good invest- low paper tape about one inch in width teletype/telephone operators. couriers who would carry documents ment if you wanted to know what was to represent characters. The writer The mid-1960s followed only 20 between the agency offices, customers going on with the company. would put the tape into the punch de- years after the end of WWII, and many (freight forwarders), and the Custom- The closest system to email at that vice and then type the message. When mid-level managers were war vets. The house. Some companies used in-house time was the telex machine. This appa- ready, the machine would dial (rotary) majority of the lower-level workers employees as couriers as well as out- ratus was used for international as well and transmit the message when a tone were baby boomers, and senior man- side companies. as domestic communications and was was heard. This method saved a lot of agers were often the founders of the Some owner offices and large agen- a primary means of creating a “paper time, as the teletype often was dictated company or relatives of the founders of cies had management training pro- trail” of communications or transac- to the operator. tions. Most men in the office did not know Needless to say, cellphones were how to operate the teletype. As ship- also a thing of fantasy. When not in ping offices operated 24/7, the teletype the office, payphones were the normal operator often had to stand by for late method of communication for agency messages. We stayed in the office for personnel. Due to the volume of out- after hours or weekend work as work- side calls required, many companies ing from home was not a practice at issued rolls of dimes to operations per- that time. sonnel. Physical office Office machines In New Orleans, Houston, Mobile, Common office machines included and most other U.S. Gulf ports, offices manual electric (not electronic) add- were in the downtown areas. It was not ing machines. Some offices still used unusual for several firms to be in the comptometers, a mechanical adding same building. Even though many lo- machine with about 100 keys. Look it cal forwarders existed at that time, it up on the internet, these were usually was rare for them to have more than used to audit calculations. one or two offices in other cities and A copy device called a “jelly roll” even rarer for them to have offices in machine was a table covered with a foreign countries. clay substance. A two-part master of a Most offices in New Orleans re- manifest or bill of lading was spread quired men to wear dress shirts and on the clay surface and removed. A ties; many wore suits. Like most young blank form was then laid on the image men, most of us bought cheap suits and pressed with a squeegee, transfer- with two pair of pants, because we ring the image to the blank form. Sev- would hang our jackets on arrival and eral copies of the document would be probably not put them on again until created this way. leaving at night. In some other cities, This method was used prior to the office dress codes were more relaxed. ditto machine, which instead used an For example, in Houston it was casual ether-based fluid to copy from a mas- Friday all week in most offices. ter form to make multiple copies of Offices were usually laid out in bills of lading, manifests, and other bullpens, without individual cubicles documents. At first the ditto machine and offices for managers and senior ex- was operated by hand crank; only later ecutives. Most steamship agencies had were they powered electrically. a long counter for receiving documents At that time, electric typewriters and laying out documents for consoli- were rare, so most offices used manual dation. typewriters to type ditto masters. The In the next issue, we’ll discuss the purple ink got on everything! Instead nuts and bolts of the ship agency busi- of an IT person helping with a mal- ness: documentation and operations/ functioning computer, the call then vessel husbandry. was made to the typewriter repairman to solve the problem. Summer 2019 The Beacon 13 Gulftainer Wilmington implements new terminal operating system GT USA Wilmington announced in late July the successful implemen- tation of an integrated port operating system to upgrade and optimize the IT system for the future development of the port. The system was deployed over re- cent months at the Port of Wilming- ton, registering outstanding results. The system upgrade is already en- hancing GT Wilmington’s operating processes and customer service by improving job orders, vehicle routing processes for container pick-up/de- livery, the optimization of layout and 季 travel distances within the terminal, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and integration with customer sys- tems for complete visibility through- for your marine fuel needs季 out the supply chain. 季 The resulting efficiencies to key operational processes allow the com- LNG meets the IMO emissions 季 pany to boost terminal productivity The first three fuel-efficient, low-emis- requirements set to start in 2020季 and improve service quality, enabling sion Terberg Tractors arrived at the the business to identify and solve po- Port of Wilmington in June. Reap the benefits of abundant, 季 tential problems before they occur. clean孰burning natural gas 季 Eric Casey, CEO of GT USA reduction in wait times that comes Wilmington said, “I’d like to congrat- with synchronized operations.” UGIES has been safely producing, 季 ulate everyone involved in the roll out GT gets new terminal tractors storing and transporting LNG for 季 of the [IPOS] system. Everyone came more than 40 years季 together to ensure that the go-live was GT USA announced in May that completed on its scheduled date with it had placed an initial order for 16 Contact us today:季 UGIES owns and operates two 季 no glitches.” terminal tractors from Terberg Trac- http://ugies.com/liquefied孰natural孰gas/ 季 LNG liquefaction facilities that can 季 tors Americas. The first three units (484) 772 2887 The system rollout is the first step serve marine fuel markets季 in Gulftainer’s technology transfor- of these fuel-efficient, low-emission tractors arrived in June. Phased-in mation strategy, Casey said. “Most 季 importantly, vessels arriving at our subsequent deliveries are scheduled port will benefit from the considerable for August and October. The Beacon 14 Summer 2019

MACHS cadets mentored SCOTUS disappoints by WISTA steel group In its lawsuit against the federal The AIIS argued that Section 232 government, the American Institute of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 for International Steel acted atypi- “essentially turns over to the presi- cally when it asked the U.S. Supreme dent the entirety of Congress’s con- Court to review a ruling by the Court stitutional power to impose tariffs and of International Trade, thereby side- other restrictions on imports.” stepping the federal appeals court The legal principle under consid- level. eration, known as the nondelegation The SCOTUS declined. doctrine, hinges on a debate about the The AIIS then appealed the trade limits of executive power. It questions court ruling to the U.S. Court of Ap- the circumstances under which and the extent to which Congress may re- peals for the Federal Circuit. The steel linquish its legislative powers to the industry group is challenging the pres- executive branch of government. ident’s use of Section 232 claiming The Trump administration urged national security as legal justification the court to reject the AIIS argument, for imposing more than $4 billion in stating that “common sense and the MACHS cadets paired with mentors at the April 2019 WISTA conference. steel tariffs. inherent necessities of governmental Over 180 leaders in international shipping and logistics gathered in Phila- “We continue to believe that we coordination support a grant of discre- delphia for a day of making connections, sharing information, and learning have a strong legal case that Section tion to the president” when it comes to about challenges and opportunities for women in the maritime industry. 232 is unconstitutional,” said AIIS national security. President Richard Chriss. “Once the AIIS remains firm in its opinion This past spring, cadets from the filled with information and swag, Federal Circuit has spoken, we expect that Section 232 essentially hands Maritime Academy Charter High and partnered with mentors. that the losing party will ask the Su- congressional tariff authority to the School of Philadelphia were wel- “The cadets heard presenta- preme Court to review that decision.” White House with a blank check. comed at the 2019 Women’s Inter- tions by highly successful women national Shipping and Trading As- in the maritime industry and asked sociation conference held at Penn’s thoughtful questions,” said MACHS Landing. The WISTA Annual Gen- Principal Lucy Feria. “The experi- eral Meeting and Conference — ence and exposure to these amazing Congrats to SCI! women in leadership will undoubt- Women Making Waves — provided edly have a lifetime impact.” Kudos to the Seamen’s Center of Philadelphia and South Jersey a unique opportunity for the cadets MACHS is a successful public to engage with women in leadership on its selection — for the second year in a row — as a finalist for charter school currently operating at The International Seafarers’ Welfare and Assistance Network’s positions in the industry. two locations in Philadelphia — in On arrival at the Independence the Tacony and Port Richmond sec- Seafarer Centre of the Year Award. This recognition is especially Seaport Museum, the site of the con- tions of the city. Founded in 2003, it significant because nominations come from seafarers themselves. ference, the girls were greeted by has expanded from its original 500 WISTA organizers, given backpacks cadets to its current roster of 820. Well done! Summer 2019 The Beacon 15

“Last Bash” 2019 promises a PhilaPort Trade Numbers launches rollickin’ good time in June The local community celebrated By: Joan Lyons, Executive Be there or be square the Delaware River’s more Director, Seamen’s Center than $30 billion in world trade This year’s event will take place of Wilmington at the Franklin Institute on on September 10. Once again, we June 11 with the launch of the As everyone knows, fundraising is will gather at Docklands Riverfront in 2019 Philaport TradeNumbers critical to the success of any non-profit. Wilmington starting at 4:30 p.m. for an publication. The Exchange, Yes, it’s that unpleasant part of the job evening of food, drink, and festivity. PhilaPort, and the World Trade that many executive directors dread but As always, we hope that readers of Center of Philadelphia were all must undertake. Obviously, it would The Beacon will sponsor the event and just a few of the event spon- be more enjoyable to go to work every plan to attend along with their closest sors. Shown here are Maritime day and just help those we are there to colleagues. We know of some man- Exchange President Dennis aid. Unfortunately, that isn’t the real agers who buy tickets for their entire Rochford (right) and World City world. staffs and use the “Last Bash” as a sort President Ken Roberts. But the annual “Last Bash of Sum- of company picnic. What a great idea! mer,” our primary means of raising money, shatters the expectation that Say “thank you” to your employees, fundraising has to be dreaded. It is the give them a great evening, and support Is your info current? Delaware maritime community’s larg- an extremely worthy cause at the same est, loudest, entertaining-est party each time. It’s a win-win-win. Your office relocates, you- re thanks to those who have already year by far. Support expanded services ceive a promotion, your company responded. Though we update our Guests always have a great time, rebrands itself, your email address database in real time, some informa- As I mentioned at the outset, fund- knowing they can let their hair down is compromised — these are some raising is critical to our success. Your tion may have slipped our notice. after a long day at the office, on the of the many possible updates we pier, or aboard ship, with mountains of support of SCW will not only help us If you did not receive our email food and unlimited beverages included keep our doors open and lights on all monitor to maintain our database. or have yet to respond, please send in the ticket price. The raffle prizes al- year long, but this year we’re saving Having current contact informa- your current contact information, ways set off a round of spirited compe- up for something special: we are hop- tion is key to keeping you informed including name, company, job title, tition, most congenial of course. And at ing to purchase a van dedicated to bet- about the industry-related activities mailing address, phone number, times the anticipation as each ticket is ter serving seafarers at the Delaware along the Delaware River, across called is almost palpable. The cheers, email address, and web address to City Refining Company (thank you to the U.S., and throughout the world. and sometimes friendly catcalls, for the Donna Stargell at dstargell@mari- From ship movement information to winners can be deafening. DCRC for the $10,000 grant toward timedelriv.com. We also want to that goal!). Your support of this year’s legislative and regulatory alerts to And though it takes a ton of work know if the info we currently have “Last Bash of Summer” will help us networking and learning opportuni- to organize, the committee, volunteers, on file for you is correct. and I always have an awesome time. make this goal a reality. ties, our goal is to ensure members If you received this copy of The If we have to actively fundraise, we We can’t wait to see you on Sep- have timely, accurate, and relevant Beacon from someone else and might as well have a blast doing it! tember 10! information. If you are in our extensive da- would like to join our mailing list Contact SCW at 302-575-1300 or [email protected] or visit tabase, you received a contact up- directly, please contact Donna. www.scwde.org to order your tickets or pledge your sponsorship today. date request from us in June. Many Thank you for your help! The Beacon 16 Summer 2019 Lessons learned from maritime tragedies “42 years, eight maritime disas- ters, 1509 lives lost. Is there a con- nective thread?” So begins the new book, Eight Down, by former mariner, marine terminal manager, and current SCI Chaplain David Reid. This detailed examination of eight maritime di- sasters occurring over the past 42 years begins with the “Edmund Fitzgerald” in 1975 and continues through the loss of the “Stellar Dai- Review of Eight Down sy” in 2017. The book recounts the (Amazon) dramatic story of each catastrophe Beyond the drama of these and delves into the causes, in each maritime disasters, David Reid case finding that multiple layers of writes about how each of them security failed because of factors could have been prevented if like complacency or lack of aware- seafarers, ship owners, and authorities were more aware, ness. more responsible, and less com- Reid’s book, which views each placent. incident through his own personal This book works on multiple seafaring lens, offers lessons in levels, from Professor James leadership, courage, and manage- Reason’s “Swiss Cheese Mod- ment of change. Eight Down is el” of risk management, to in- sight and technical information available in paperback or electroni- about life at sea, to a strong ar- cally from Amazon. gument for better performance The Exchange extends hearty by maritime authorities, and not congratulations and a resounding just in flag-of-convenience na- tions. “Bravo Zulu!” to David Reid. Summer 2019 The Beacon 17

Golf & crabs: What’s not to like? Maritime Society celebrates crab feast 50th anniversary

Guests at the Ports of Philadelphia Maritime Society enjoy endless bushels of crabs and a full afternoon of fellowship each year at the crab feast.

The Ports of Philadelphia Maritime Yacht Club, located along the Delaware Society has been around since 1935 River in Essington, Pa. — that’s 84 years of providing Phila- For more information or to get your delphia maritime professionals with tickets, contact Theresa Penot at 215- opportunities all year long to develop 783-9484 or [email protected] or their networks and to give back to lo- Linda Greene at 610-859-2830 or dbrc- cal causes through support of society [email protected]. events. Golf outing starts the day And for the last 50 of those years, one of the key tools in the PoPMS fun- As has become tradition, this year’s draising arsenal has been the annual salute to one of the maritime commu- crab feast. While the event has moved nity’s most beloved colleagues, Russ around a bit over its half-century life, Larsen, who passed away in 2011, will one thing stays the same: the afternoon- precede the crab feast. Breakfast at the long event remains a community favor- Springfield Country Club in Springfield, ite. With six hours of unlimited crabs, Pa. will kick off the outing, followed by barbeque and other lunchables, beer, a 7:30 a.m. shotgun start. To register or games, and free stuff, all in the com- learn more, contact Mike Scott at 484- pany of several hundreds of your clos- 274-3400 or [email protected] est maritime friends and colleagues, the or visit www.portsofphilamaritimesoci- crab feast is a not-to-miss party. ety.com. This year’s event will start at noon Not a member? Visit the society on Sept. 13 at the historic Corinthian web site to join today! The Beacon 18 Summer 2019 Editorial All hands on deck for PES Trade in uncertain times

On June 21, a series of explosions caused a major fire at Philadelphia Energy By: Jonathan Gold, Vice President, Supply Chain and Solutions in South Philadelphia. The PES refining complex includes facilities at Girard Point and Point Breeze. With the capability to process roughly 350,000 Customs Policy, National Retail Federation barrels of crude oil a day, these sites comprise the largest refining complex on the eastern seaboard. Approximately 1,000 people are employed on this 1,400- The only thing certain in today’s global trading system is uncertainty. acre compound. President Trump started his presidency by withdrawing from the Transpacific Established as a bulk petroleum storage facility in 1866, it began refinery Partnership. He then declared himself “Tariff Man” and started trade wars with operations in 1870. Over time it developed into a state-of-the-art refinery com- our allies over steel and aluminum and with China over long-standing trade plex producing a wide range of fuels and petrochemicals serving markets in the violations. Trump famously said, “trade wars are easy to win.” Unfortunately, northeastern U.S. Among its products were gasoline, home heating oil, jet fuel, nothing could be further from the truth. kerosene, butane, and propane. We have seen first hand the impact of the trade war. From the steel and In the aftermath of this tragic fire, the question remains: what will the fu- aluminum tariffs to the China tariffs to the retaliation, U.S. companies, workers, ture hold for this historic industrial site? The options are several, ranging from and consumers have all felt the effects. shuttering the refinery, to repurposing it into another petrochemical processing There is no doubt that our trading partners must live up to their facility, to even redeveloping the site into a new urban landscape including com- responsibilities. When they violate trade rules, we certainly should take mercial, residential, and parks and recreational projects. appropriate action. But we should not rely solely on tariffs as the weapon of One clear preference would be to build on the optimism of former PES CEO choice. Phil Rinaldi to restart PES as a functioning oil refinery.“The plant still has a very Let’s be clear. Tariffs are taxes. They are paid by U.S. importers and eventually passed along to U.S. consumers. They are not paid by foreign bright, long industrial future, if you do it right,” said Rinaldi, who is engaged in governments. exploratory meetings reviewing the role for this asset. According to Tariffs Hurt the Heartland, U.S. companies have paid over U.S. Congresswoman Mary Gay Scanlon, whose district includes the South $28 billion in tariffs since the trade war started. Those taxes are paid by U.S. Philadelphia refinery, held a day of action in response to the announced refinery companies that import components and parts to manufacture goods in the U.S. closure. in addition to those that import finished consumer goods. The impact is even There are no easy decisions to be had here, and the stakes are high. From the higher when you add the retaliatory tariffs from our trading partners. This is loss of more than 1,000 local jobs to the effect on gasoline and home heating oil evidenced by the drop in exports that have been seen since the tariffs took prices in the region and throughout the Northeast, addressing these monumental effect. issues is a must. It has become incredibly clear how complex global supply chains have The cost and financial risks to reopen this facility as a refinery are immense, become. One goal of the administration is to get companies to move sourcing but if there is a way to achieve this goal, then it is time for “all hands on deck” out of China. Unfortunately, those changes can’t happen overnight. It can take to work together to realize this desired outcome. months, if not years, to relocate supply chains and find new vendors who can The Maritime Exchange will be an ally in this effort as we were in 1996 when meet capacity, quality, and cost requirements as well as U.S. safety laws. Sunoco acquired Gulf Oil and in 2012, when Sunoco then formed a joint venture During the most recent hearings on the proposed fourth round of China with The Carlyle Group, naming it Philadelphia Energy Solutions. tariffs, which would cover $300 billion in goods including consumer products If this outcome is not doable, the Maritime Exchange will work with affected such as apparel, footwear, toys, and furniture, the potential impact was very parties to retain this site for an appropriate industrial use. clear. While every witness agreed with the need to act against China, an Our regional economy — and not just that of the maritime industry — is overwhelming majority said the tariffs would have a negative impact on their dependent on returning this facility to its full industrial potential. businesses. While some might be able to absorb a portion of the cost, the bulk of the tax would have to be passed to consumers. That is especially true for smaller companies that don’t have the ability to absorb cost increases. Their First responders do industry proud choice is to either pass along the higher costs, which is never easy, or go out of business. Notwithstanding the serious consequences resulting from the explosion and The witnesses at the hearing, as well as the thousands of written comments fire that rocked the PES site in June, it is extremely noteworthy that first re- filed for the record, all talked about the complexity of moving sourcing from sponders to the scene demonstrated a valor and skill that prevented this incident China. Some companies have started to find new sourcing opportunities, despite from becoming far more serious. Because of their heroic efforts, damage was the challenges with finding new vendors. Everyone noted the significant time it contained, human life was spared, and broader injury to the refinery itself was takes to find qualified vendors. Other hurdles include available capacity, skill prevented. sets, and infrastructure to name just a few. As some have said, there is no new The Philadelphia Fire Department, the PES fire brigade, and other agencies China that can accommodate all of the needed capacity. all worked seamlessly together to control the fire and protect human life. This These changes may certainly shift global sourcing trends in the years to come. Many companies have tried to shift sourcing so they don’t have all their didn’t happen by chance. eggs in the China basket. While the administration’s goal is to have companies Philadelphia Office of Emergency Management and fire department person- shift out of China, continued threats of tariffs on other countries like Vietnam nel were fresh off a conference at the Navy Yard where various agencies met to or the European Union are making it difficult. And removing countries such plan for an interagency response to a specific hazardous emergency. This played as India and Turkey from the Generalized System of Preferences removes into the effectiveness of the PES fire brigade and associated refinery resources potential options as well. as they efficiently contained the fire. We urge Congress to pass the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement to By deploying its fireboat, the fire department was able to supplement PES’s ensure continuity in the North American marketplace. Otherwise, the president internal water supply system, thereby ensuring adequate water pressure for the might decide to withdraw from the North American Free Trade Agreement, fire brigade to contain and extinguish the fire. Beyond this, the fire department which he has threatened previously. staged firefighters and equipment to be at the ready if called upon to join the fire All in all, the overall uncertainty in the global trading system has brigade at the frontline in battling the blaze. made sourcing, supply chains, and logistics even more complicated. Supply Kudos to the PES fire brigade, the Philadelphia Fire and Police Departments, chain partners must work together as quickly as possible to ensure seamless and all the other first responders who operated under a unified command and mitigation plans to keep their cargo moving. worked expeditiously and efficiently to deal with this emergency. Jon Gold is the coordinator of the Americans for Free Trade coalition.

The Beacon is the official newsletter of the Maritime Exchange for the Dela- ware River and Bay. The Exchange encourages its readers to submit letters MARITIME EXCHANGE to the editor at any time in response to articles that appear in The Beacon or to address other topics of interest to the port community. for the Delaware River and Bay Please direct any correspondence, comments, or inquiries John Reynolds, Chairman regarding the contents of this newsletter to: Uwe Schulz, Vice Chairman Email: [email protected] Robert A. Herb, Treasurer Dennis Rochford, President Mail: Lisa B. Himber, Vice President Maritime Exchange, Attn: Beacon Editor A. Robert Degen, Esq., Secretary/Solicitor 240 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106 Summer 2019 The Beacon 19

Supreme Court: punitive damages denied for unseaworthiness claims

By: Michael Merlie, Esq. Kari Springer, Esq. Gawthrop Greenwood, PC

Mariners in the U.S. generally have owner appealed to the Supreme Court. three possible classes of claims avail- The ruling able when suffering bodily injury: (1) general maritime maintenance and In determining whether a remedy cure, (2) general maritime unseawor- is available under general maritime thiness, and (3) negligence claims un- law, the Supreme Court goes through der the Jones Act. a three-part analysis. First, the Court Federal courts consistently found determines whether the cause of action that mariners are not entitled to puni- existed, and the remedy was available, tive damages in maritime claims for prior to enactment of the Jones Act in bodily injury unless such damages 1920. Second, the Court determines policy grounds and as a regulatory in general maritime unseaworthiness were specifically provided under the whether the cause of action continued measure. claims unless the Jones Act is amended Jones Act or established by legal prec- after adoption of the Jones Act. Final- In further support of its conclusion, to permit such claims. Any amendment edent which predates the adoption of ly, it examines whether the cause of ac- the Court noted an increase in mari- the Jones Act in 1920. tion and remedy are directly addressed efforts by Congress will likely receive In 2009, the Supreme Court found by the Jones Act. time legislative activity. It found any strong resistance from vessel owners in Atlantic Sounding Co. v. Townsend The Court will generally not allow changes in the availability of punitive and the insurance industry who strong- that a mariner could recover punitive remedies in a newly created cause of damages was best left to the lawmak- ly favor a more predictable framework damages in connection with a claim action beyond those specifically pro- ers. of recovery for injured mariners. for maintenance and cure because the vided under the Jones Act. The Court, The impact However, the decision does not however, does not presume that rem- change the result from the Townsend cause of action and remedy were rec- This decision was closely moni- ognized prior to adoption of the Jones edies previously available to mariners case. Punitive damages remain avail- were eliminated by adoption of the tored by industry and, in particular, able in maintenance and cure claims. Act. The Townsend decision left open vessel owners and their insurers, who the question of whether punitive dam- Jones Act. Michael F. Merlie and Kari The Court used this framework to welcomed the decision. As a result of Springer are attorneys at Gawthrop ages were available to mariners in this decision, maritime personal injury claims other than those for mainte- analyze the availability of punitive Greenwood, PC, which represents lo- litigation costs will likely be reduced, nance and cure. damages for willful violation of the cal, national, and international mari- and maritime employers will be able The U.S. Supreme Court recently seaworthiness obligations of vessel time and transportation companies. to more easily arrange for necessary addressed whether punitive damages owners. For more information, visit www. insurance coverage and risk manage- are available in general maritime un- The Supreme Court found that al- gawthrop.com or call 610-696-8225. ment. seaworthiness claims in its decision in though a claim for unseaworthiness With this decision, the Court has Dutra Group v. Batterton. existed prior to the adoption of the Jones Act, there was no historical le- closed the door on punitive damages Deckhand suffers severe injuries gal precedent to suggest punitive dam- Christopher Batterton was work- ages were available. Further, many of ing as a deckhand on a vessel where the cases offered as evidence were for pressurized air was being pumped into claims of maintenance and cure rather a compartment below deck. The ves- than claims for unseaworthiness. sel did not have an exhaust system to After the adoption of the Jones Act, relieve excess pressure. As a result, a the Court found that a mariner could hatch cover blew open when the pres- still bring a general maritime claim of sure reached critical levels. Mr. Batter- unseaworthiness as a separate but sim- ton’s left hand was crushed in the ex- ilar claim to Jones Act negligence. In a plosion causing permanent disability. claim for Jones Act negligence, a mar- He claimed that the vessel was unsea- iner is limited to direct damages and worthy due to the lack of a mechanism the Court feared that to allow punitive for exhausting the pressurized air. damages in unseaworthiness claims Mr. Batterton brought various would introduce novel remedies which claims as a result of his injuries and contradict those provided for specifi- sought punitive damages against the cally by law and ultimately create dis- vessel owner based on the alleged un- parities in the law. seaworthiness of the vessel. The fed- As a result, the Court reasoned that eral appellate court found that punitive punitive damages remain unavailable damages were available, and the vessel in unseaworthiness actions on both The Beacon 20 Summer 2019

Calendar of Events

08/14 Maritime Exchange Executive Committee Meeting, 11:00 a.m. Coast Guard Birthday and Lincoln Award Presentation to Adm.Karl Schultz Union League of Philadelphia, Philadelphia PA, 11:30 a.m. Contact Mary O’Brien, 215-587-6445 08/20 PhilaPort Board Meeting, 1:00 p.m. 08/21 DRPA/PATCO Board Meeting, 9:00 a.m. 08/18 Seamen’s Center of Wilmington Board Meeting, Noon 09/09 Traffic Club of Philadelphia Annual Golf Outing Applecross Country Club, Downingtown, PA Contact Maureen Waddington, 215-393-3144, [email protected] 09/10 Seamen’s Center of Wilmington Last Bash of Summer Docklands Riverfront, Wilmington, DE, 4:30 p.m. – 7:30 p.m. Contact 302-575-1300 or [email protected] 09/11 Maritime Exchange Board Meeting, 11:00 a.m. 09/12 Mariners’ Advisory Committee Meeting, 11:00 a.m. 09/13 AMSC MTOG Meeting, 8:00 a.m. AMSC General Members Meeting, USCG Sector Delaware Bay, 9:30 a.m. Contact Glena Tredinnick, [email protected] Ports of Philadelphia Maritime Society Golf Outing Springfield Country Club Contact [email protected] Ports of Philadelphia Maritime Society Crab Feast Corinthian Yacht Club, Essington, PA Contact [email protected] 09/17 AMSC Cyber Subcommittee Meeting Contact Glena Tredinnick, [email protected] PhilaPort Board Meeting, 1:00 p.m. 09/18 DRPA/PATCO Board Meeting, 9:00 a.m. Chamber of Commerce for Greater Philadelphia Fall Advocacy Meeting Empowerment Room at the Chamber Offices, Philadelphia, PA 3:30 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. Contact Christina Coleman, [email protected] 09/19 Port of Wilmington 29th Annual Golf Classic DuPont Country Club, Wilmington, DE Contact Debra Thompson, 302-472-7802, [email protected]

For a complete schedule and event details, visit www.maritimedelriv.com.