PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA (Market Brief – ITPC Vancouver 2017)

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PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA (Market Brief – ITPC Vancouver 2017) PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA (Market Brief – ITPC Vancouver 2017) INDONESIAN TRADE PROMOTION CENTER VANCOUVER 567 SEYMOUR STREET VANCOUVER, BC, V6B 3H6 CANADA KATA PENGANTAR Dengan mengucapkan syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa, ITPC Vancouver telah dapat menyelesaikan Market Brief edisi 2017 yang berjudul “Peluang Ekspor Produk Ikan Hias di Pasar Kanada”. Market Brief ini memberikan penjelasan yang komprehensif terkait dengan peluang pasar bagi produk Ikan Hias, Ikan Air Tawar Hidup / Ornamental Fish, Freshwater Fish (Live) untuk dipasarkan di wilayah Kanada. Mengacu pada Keputusan Menteri Perdagangan Nomor 706/M- DAG/KEP/9/2011 tentang Pedoman Penyusunan dan Mekanisme Pelaporan Perwakilan Perdagangan di Luar Negeri serta Kontrak Kinerja ITPC Vancouver, penulisan Market Brief ini adalah bagian dari tugas ITPC sebagai ujung tombak dalam meningkatkan akses pasar melalui pencarian segala informasi untuk memasarkan suatu produk asal Indonesia yang tercakup didalamnya adalah informasi mengenai potensi pasar produk negara akreditasi, peraturan terkait dengan importasi produk tersebut, peluang dan hambatan pemasaran produk di negara akreditasi, langkah-langkah dan strategi penetrasi pasar serta informasi- informasi penting lainnya. ITPC Vancouver berharap Market Brief ini akan bermanfaat bagi para stakeholder terkait di Indonesia, baik Pemerintah sebagai regulator maupun pihak swasta sebagai pelaku usaha melalui peningkatan knowledge (pengetahuan) bagi para pembudi-daya ikan hias, dalam usahanya memasuki pasar Kanada. Kami mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh pihak yang telah banyak membantu dan mendukung dalam penyelesaian penulisan Market Brief ini. Vancouver, 2017 Indonesian Trade Promotion Center (ITPC) Vancouver 1 | MARKET BRIEF – PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR 1 DAFTAR ISI 2 PETA NEGARA 3 BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1. Pemilihan Negara 5 1.2. Pemilihan Produk 10 1.3. Profil Kanada 14 BAB II POTENSI PASAR PRODUK IKAN HIAS 2.1. Impor Produk Ikan Hias Oleh Kanada dari Dunia 31 2.2. Potensi Produk Ikan Hias di Kanada 41 2.3. Regulasi Terkait Produk Ikan Hias di Kanada 42 2.3.1 Kebijakan Impor 44 2.3.2 Persyaratan Mutu dan Label 45 2.3.3 Saluran Distribusi Produk Ikan Hias di Kanada 45 2.3.4 Hambatan Lainnya 46 BAB III PELUANG DAN STRATEGI 3.1. Peluang 55 3.2. Strategi 66 BAB IV INFORMASI PENTING REFERENSI 76 LAMPIRAN 77 2 | MARKET BRIEF – PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA PETA NEGARA KANADA 10 Provinsi: o Alberta o Nova Scotia o British Columbia o Ontario o Manitoba o Prince Edward Islands o New Brunswick o Quebec o Newfoundland & Labrador o Saskatchewan 3 Teritorial: o Northwest Territories o Nunavut Territories o Yukon Territories 3 | MARKET BRIEF – PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA 4 | MARKET BRIEF – PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA I. PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Pemilihan Negara Indonesia dan Kanada telah menjalin hubungan bilateral sejak tahun 1952, dimana ditandai dengan peringatan hubungan bilateral kedua negara yang ke-60 tahun pada tahun 2012 lalu. Selama masa tersebut, kedua negara telah menjalin hubungan bilateral yang kuat di berbagai sektor termasuk didalamnya adalah terkait demokrasi, governance dan dukungan untuk pemberantasan kemiskinan serta peningkatan ekonomi Indonesia. Selain itu, Indonesia dan Kanada juga bersama-sama bekerjasama dalam beberapa organisasi yang bersifat multilateral seperti Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), the G20, and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Keikutsertaan kedua negara dalam organisasi- organisasi internasional tersebut cukup menandakan bahwa kedua negara mempunyai visi dan misi yang sama dalam upayanya meningkatkan kerjasama dari sisi politik ekonomi sosial dan budaya. Berdasarkan data Statistics Canada, total nilai perdagangan antara Indonesia dan Kanada pada tahun 2016 lalu mencapai USD 2.3 milyar. Nilai ekspor Indonesia pada tahun 2016 mencapai USD 1.223 milyar sedangkan impor dari Kanada senilai USD 1.092 milyar, yang tercatat surplus sebesar 5 | MARKET BRIEF – PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA USD 130 juta. Sementara nilai ekspor Indonesia tahun 2016 mengalami penurunan 6.43% dibanding tahun 2015 yaitu dari USD 1.31 milyar menjadi USD 1.22 milyar. Namun impor Indonesia juga mengalami penurunan sekitar 23% dibanding tahun 2015 yaitu dari USD 1.42 milyar menjadi USD 1.09 milyar. Produk ekspor utama Indonesia ke Kanada adalah produk karet, cocoa butter, transmisi alat elektronik, pakaian jadi, furniture dari kayu, mainan anak, pelat aluminium, kopi dan nickel mattes. Sedangkan impor utama Indonesia dari Kanada adalah potasium klorida, meslin dan gandum, pesawat udara, helikopter, chemical wood pulp dan tepung kasar/pellet dari daging. Negara Kanada adalah pasar kaya dan sangat canggih yang menawarkan peluang yang signifikan bagi eksportir internasional. Namun, seperti pasar yang sepenuhnya telah maju dan berkembang, eksportir dari seluruh dunia sudah hadir di sini, berlomba-lomba dan bersaing kuat untuk mendapat pangsa pasar yang menguntungkan di negara ini. Pasokan atau suplai dari seluruh dunia sudah sedemikian luasnya, sehingga membuat Kanada terus terpenuhi kebutuhannya akan produk konsumen, dan untuk menjadi sukses, eksportir harus menawarkan produk yang sama sekali baru atau dapat menyingkirkan pemasok yang ada dengan tawaran yang lebih menarik dari segi desain, kualitas, harga atau layanan. Sangat penting bahwa eksportir belajar dan mengindahkan tren 6 | MARKET BRIEF – PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA konsumen untuk produk mereka dalam rangka untuk mendapatkan akses jangka panjang yang sukses ke pasar dan mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif mereka di sini keterbukaan Kanada untuk impor, PDB per kapita yang tinggi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi membuat pasar yang sangat menarik bagi eksportir internasional. Menurut data perdagangan WTO, pada 2010 peringkat Kanada sebagai negara pengimpor ke-11 terbesar di dunia. Peringkat Kanada di antara negara-negara dengan impor per kapita tertinggi, mengimpor sekitar dua kali lebih banyak, per kapita, dibandingkan Amerika Serikat. Proporsi kegiatan ekonomi Kanada yang bergantung pada perdagangan internasional lebih tinggi daripada negara G8 lainnya; meskipun melemahnya perekonomian global, ekspor barang dan jasa Kanada mencapai rekor tinggi USD 557.9 milyar pada tahun 2008. Namun, ekonomi dunia memasuki tahun 2009 ke dalam resesi yang mendalam dan disinkronisasi dan ekspor barang dan jasa Kanada turun 22.1% pada tahun 2009 menjadi USD 436.3 milyar. Sejalan dengan pemulihan global, ekspor barang dan jasa Kanada kepada dunia rebound 8.7% (USD 38,0 milyar) ke posisi USD 474.6 milyar pada tahun 2010. Dengan perekonomian yang berkembang, tetapi dengan populasi sekitar 1/10 Amerika Serikat, pasar Kanada adalah ukuran yang lebih mudah dikelola bagi eksportir baru yang mencoba masuk ke pasar Amerika Utara untuk pertama kalinya. Pengalaman yang diperoleh di pasar Kanada dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik, jika dan ketika eksportir negara berkembang ingin memasuki pasar Amerika yang lebih besar. Negara ini 7 | MARKET BRIEF – PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA memiliki standar hidup dan pendapatan per kapita yang tinggi. Hal ini memberikan warganya daya beli yang mereka butuhkan lebih tinggi dari produk yang dapat dituntut. Negara Kanada kaya akan sumber daya dengan pasokan paling berlimpah untuk mineral dan komoditas pertanian, produksi dalam negeri. Oleh karena itu, sebagian dari permintaan negara ini adalah untuk minyak bumi dan bahan bakar lainnya, ikan, biji-bijian, kayu dan produk kayu, batu bara dan sejumlah besar logam besi dan nonferrous. Namun, peluang masih melimpah di sebagian besar sektor lainnya. Perekonomian Kanada menguat 0.2% pada kuartal dalam tiga bulan terakhir tahun 2015, dibandingkan dengan ekspansi 0.6% pada periode sebelumnya, karena kemerosotan dalam investasi bisnis dan ekspor yang lebih rendah. Tingkat pertumbuhan tahunan melambat ke 0.8% dari revisi ke atas 2.4%, membawa pertumbuhan ekonomi 2015 menjadi 1.2%, di sekitar pertengahan 2014. Pertumbuhan PDB di Kanada rata-rata 0.80% dari tahun 1961 sampai dengan tahun 2015, tertinggi 3.33% pada kuartal keempat tahun 1963 dan rekor rendah -2.30% pada kuartal pertama 2009. Tingkat pertumbuhan PDB di Kanada dilaporkan oleh Statistics Canada. Kanada merupakan salah satu negara di benua Amerika yang mempunyai tingkat perekonomian yang maju selain Amerika Serikat. Perekonomian Kanada mulai meningkat pasca Perang Dunia II yang ditopang oleh industri manufaktur, pertambangan dan sektor jasa. Pada 8 | MARKET BRIEF – PELUANG EKSPOR PRODUK IKAN HIAS DI PASAR KANADA tahun 1989, Kanada bersama Amerika Serikat membentuk FTA dan pada tahun 1994 membentuk NAFTA bersama Amerika Serikat dan Meksiko yang turut memberikan peningkatan perekonomian melalui perdagangan yang cukup signifikan karena Kanada mengalami banyak surplus terutama dengan Amerika Serikat. Kanada merupakan supplier terbesar Amerika Serikat untuk sektor energi seperti minyak bumi, gas bumi, uranium dan listrik. Pada periode 1993 sampai dengan 2007, Kanada mengalami kemajuan ekonomi yang sangat pesat karena didukung oleh sumber daya manusia, sumber daya alam serta teknologi maju, namun demikian pada tahun 2007 sampai dengan 2008 Kanada `mengalami resesi ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh pengaruh dari resesi perekonomian global akibat isu subprime mortgage di Amerika Serikat. Perekonomian Kanada mulai mengalami perbaikan
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  • Americangoldfish
    American Goldfish Association Goldfish Standards, Revised 2014 A Publication of the American Goldfish Association 1 Preface to the 2014 Edition Welcome to the AGA 2014 edition of the U.S. Goldfish standards. In the previous version of the standards, published in 2009, I wrote about the work that occurred to develop standards in previous years. That important work has led to the development of the current set of standards, and I will instead emphasize the changes that have occurred in the goldfish hobby since 2009. The goldfish hobby, like many others, has experienced changes over the years. In the hundred years or so that goldfish have been raised and exhibited in this country, tastes have changed and the methods for raising, breeding and showing goldfish have improved immeasurably. During that time, goldfish raising and breeding has vacillated between hobbyist-bred fish to commercially-bred fish. We are now at an inflection point in the goldfish hobby, where hobbyist-bred fish are now becoming more prevalent, and have, in many cases, surpassed the commercial quality of fish being offered from the Far East. As a result of this increased emphasis on hobbyist-bred fish, there has also been an increase in the demand for standards which can be used to breed, as well as, show fish. Prior versions of the standards attempted to effect a compromise between general guidelines and specific requirements for breed characteristics. The compromise led to a situation where judges often made subjective choices for show fish which were not always consistent with the “guidelines” or standards then in existence.
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  • Peter Ponzio Is an AGA (American Goldfish Association) Certified Goldfish Judge, and an AKCA (Associated Koi Clubs of America) Certified Judge
    Goldfish Varieties By Peter J. Ponzio Peter Ponzio is an AGA (American Goldfish Association) certified goldfish judge, and an AKCA (Associated Koi Clubs of America) certified judge. Peter has been raising goldfish for over forty years and koi for over 20 years. He has written hundreds of articles on goldfish and koi, and is the author of Spike’s Goldfish Guide, published by the MAKC (Mid-Atlantic Koi Club). A few years ago, several folks were working on a goldfish standard project for the GFSA (Goldfish Society of America), and were looking for a simple way to identify the seemingly endless varieties of goldfish. Our project was started to provide a way to identify, classify, and judge among the various types of goldfish commonly seen by hobbyists and entered in fish shows. The identification process had to be simple and easy to follow. After much thought, we came up with three basic criteria which could be used to categorize all types of goldfish. A few years later, we added a fourth classification type which made identification easier. The classification system that was developed differentiates fish into three broad categories, based on tail-fin and dorsal type. These three categories include: Single tail fish with dorsal fin Double tail fish with dorsal fin Double tail fish without dorsal fin The fourth criterion that was added later dealt with the basic body shape of the fish. The body types recognized were as follows: Streamlined Fantailed Veil Tail Egg shape (Ranchu) Based on the four criteria listed above, the following varieties of goldfish were recognized in the U.S.
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