5G Simulation Framework

Master of Science Thesis in Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering, Linköping University, 2018 5G Simulation Framework Junior Asante and Joel Olsson Master of Science Thesis in Electrical Engineering 5G Simulation Framework Junior Asante and Joel Olsson LiTH-ISY-EX--18/5149--SE Supervisor: Ema Becirovic isy, Linköping University Henrik André-Jönsson Ericsson AB Examiner: Danyo Danev isy, Linköping University Division of Communication Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Copyright © 2018 Junior Asante and Joel Olsson Abstract From the first generation, 1G, to the fourth generation, 4G, the development and technological advancements in telecommunications network systems have been remarkable. Faster and better connections have opened up for new markets, ideas and possibilities, to that extent that there now is a demand that surpasses the sup- ply. Despite all these advancements made in the mobile communications field most of the concept of how the technology works and its infrastructure has re- mained the same. This however, is about to change with the introduction of the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication. With the introduction of 5G much of the technology introduced will be differ- ent from that of previous generations. This change extends to include the entire infrastructure of the mobile communications system. With these major changes, many of the tools available today for telecommunications network evaluation do not really suffice to include the 5G network standard. For this reason, there is a need to develop a new kind of tool that will be able to include the changes brought by this new network standard. In this thesis a simulation framework adapted for the next generation telecommunication standard 5G is set to be developed. This framework should include many of the characteristics that set 5G aside from previous generations. iii Acknowledgments We want to thank Danyo Danev for his help during our thesis. We also want to thank Ema Becirovic for her diligence and eye for detail during the many itera- tions of our thesis. We also want to thank our supervisors Henrik André-Jönsson and Pontus Sandberg for their enthusiasm and great feedback throughout our thesis. Linköping, June 2018 Junior Asante and Joel Olsson v Contents List of Figures xi List of Tables xii Notation xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 The 5G network . 2 1.2 Motivation . 4 1.2.1 What is needed in a new simulator? . 4 1.3 Purpose . 5 1.4 Problem Statements . 6 1.5 Limitations . 6 2 Background 9 3 Theory 11 3.1 Introduction . 11 3.2 Cellular Network . 12 3.2.1 Core Network . 12 3.2.2 User Equipment . 12 3.2.3 Radio Access Network . 12 3.3 5G Network Layout . 13 3.4 Simulation Framework . 14 3.4.1 Model . 14 3.4.2 Simulator . 15 3.5 Statistical Distributions . 16 3.5.1 Exponential Distribution . 17 3.5.2 Uniform Distribution . 17 3.6 Programming Languages and Libraries . 18 3.6.1 Programming Languages . 18 3.6.2 Potential Libraries . 19 3.6.3 Platforms and Frameworks . 21 vii viii Contents 3.6.4 Game Engines . 22 3.7 Software Platforms . 24 3.7.1 MATLAB/Simulink . 24 3.7.2 Node-Red . 24 3.8 System Architecture . 24 3.8.1 Architectural Patterns . 25 4 Method 31 4.1 Introduction . 31 4.2 Prestudy . 31 4.3 Choice of Language . 32 4.4 Resources . 34 4.4.1 Hardware . 34 4.4.2 Software . 34 4.4.3 Experienced Staff ........................ 35 4.5 Choice of Architecture . 35 4.5.1 MVC Model . 36 4.6 System Structure . 37 4.7 Simulator Design . 37 4.7.1 Division of work . 37 4.7.2 The GUI . 38 4.7.3 Simulation Core . 38 4.8 Adding Features . 38 4.8.1 Implicit Features . 39 4.8.2 Complex Features . 39 4.9 Major Design Changes . 40 4.9.1 System Structure Changes . 40 4.9.2 Feature Modifications . 42 4.9.3 Find Path Feature . 44 5 Results 45 5.1 Introduction . 45 5.2 System Structure . 45 5.3 Design Decisions . 46 5.4 Application . 46 5.5 Simulator . 46 5.5.1 Core . 46 5.5.2 Stats . 47 5.5.3 Node . 47 5.5.4 NodePaths . 47 5.5.5 Link . 49 5.5.6 Flow . 49 5.6 View . 50 5.6.1 Windows . 50 5.6.2 Node . 50 5.6.3 Link . 50 Contents ix 5.7 The Simulator . 50 5.7.1 Main Window . 51 5.7.2 Creating a Network . 51 5.7.3 Simulation runs . 52 5.7.4 Visualization of Results . 52 5.8 Important Features . 52 5.8.1 Import and Export . 53 5.8.2 JavaScript Engine . 53 5.8.3 Data Flows . 54 5.9 Data Validation . 54 6 Discussion 59 6.1 Method . 59 6.1.1 Choice of Platform . 59 6.1.2 Resources . 60 6.1.3 Choice of Architecture . 60 6.1.4 GUI . 60 6.2 Results . 60 6.3 Simulation Results . 61 7 Conclusions 63 7.1 Answering the Problem Statements . 63 7.2 Future Work . 64 8 References 67 A Class attributes 79 A.1 Node Classes . 79 A.1.1 CellNode . 79 A.1.2 NodeInfo . 83 A.2 Link Classes . 84 A.2.1 DataLink . 84 A.2.2 DataLinkInfo . 84 A.3 Flow Classes . 84 A.3.1 DataFlow . 84 A.3.2 DataFlowInfo . 91 A.4 NodePaths . 92 A.4.1 Attributes . 92 A.4.2 Methods . 92 A.4.3 Path . 92 B Requested Features 95 B.1 Nodes . 95 B.2 Connections . 96 B.3 Flows . 96 B.4 Observability . 96 B.5 Availability . 96 x Contents List of Figures 1.1 5G mobile communication . 2 3.1 Basic telecommunication interconnection. ..

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