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The War Room Managed North Sea Trap 1907-1916
Michael H. Clemmesen 31‐12‐2012 The War Room Managed North Sea Trap 1907‐1916. The Substance, Roots and Fate of the Secret Fisher‐Wilson “War Plan”. Initial remarks In 1905, when the Royal Navy fully accepted the German High Seas Fleet as its chief opponent, it was already mastering and implementing reporting and control by wireless telegraphy. The Admiralty under its new First Sea Lord, Admiral John (‘Jacky’) Fisher, was determined to employ the new technology in support and control of operations, including those in the North Sea; now destined to become the main theatre of operations. It inspired him soon to believe that he could centralize operational control with himself in the Admiralty. The wireless telegraph communications and control system had been developed since 1899 by Captain, soon Rear‐Admiral Henry Jackson. Using the new means of communications and intelligence he would be able to orchestrate the destruction of the German High Seas Fleet. He already had the necessary basic intelligence from the planned cruiser supported destroyer patrols off the German bases, an operation based on the concept of the observational blockade developed by Captain George Alexander Ballard in the 1890s. Fisher also had the required The two officers who supplied the important basis for the plan. superiority in battleships to divide the force without the risk of one part being To the left: George Alexander Ballard, the Royal Navy’s main conceptual thinker in the two decades defeated by a larger fleet. before the First World War. He had developed the concept of the observational blockade since the 1890s. -
Foreign Press Review Daily Survey of World Comment on the War
FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD COMMENT ON THE WAR OOMPILED FROM TELEGRAPHIO REPORTS RECEIVED BY THE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION ...........17th................. Uarch............. ........................... 1940 No. , FINLAND: RUSSIA TO CONTINlJ.G AGGRESSIVE POLICY? The Russo-Finnish Peace cannot be regarded as permanent and the Soviet will continue her policy of penetration. This belief was advanced by the HELSINGIN SANO:Wi.AT during the weekend. Referring to the proposed Scandinavian defensive alliance, this paper wrote: "This is somehow connected with events preoeding the re~ent peaee. The transfer of the northern areas and the strategical railway line from Murmansk as well as the increasing interest in northern Norway are serious warnings, vmich have apparently been noted by our Nordic neughbours. In Moscow the present peace is only a stage and she vvill continue her mareh vmen opportunity comes. "Swedish and. N0 rwegian military connna.nders must now turn their attent.i~n to military necessities and consider them within the larger framework of military alliances. If Finland. last autumn had had a military alliance, even with Sweden alone, Russia would not have started an attack, and in any case it would have failed. "The 1V~0 scov1 peace is a high price to pay for the beginning of the idea of an alliance, but the Nordic countries now· have time for consideration and on ---· the right use of their reflections vd.11 depend their future as free nations," SOSB.LIDhMOKR!'.\ATTI admitted that private cri tioism of the Swedish attitude to the Finns was severe, but ad.ded:, "The old co-operation between Finland and Sweden must be continued and bttter feelings must yield to facts. -
The Old Pangbournian Record Volume 2
The Old Pangbournian Record Volume 2 Casualties in War 1917-2020 Collected and written by Robin Knight (56-61) The Old Pangbournian Society The Old angbournianP Record Volume 2 Casualties in War 1917-2020 Collected and written by Robin Knight (56-61) The Old Pangbournian Society First published in the UK 2020 The Old Pangbournian Society Copyright © 2020 The moral right of the Old Pangbournian Society to be identified as the compiler of this work is asserted in accordance with Section 77 of the Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, “Beloved by many. stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any Death hides but it does not divide.” * means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior consent of the Old Pangbournian Society in writing. All photographs are from personal collections or publicly-available free sources. Back Cover: © Julie Halford – Keeper of Roll of Honour Fleet Air Arm, RNAS Yeovilton ISBN 978-095-6877-031 Papers used in this book are natural, renewable and recyclable products sourced from well-managed forests. Typeset in Adobe Garamond Pro, designed and produced *from a headstone dedication to R.E.F. Howard (30-33) by NP Design & Print Ltd, Wallingford, U.K. Foreword In a global and total war such as 1939-45, one in Both were extremely impressive leaders, soldiers which our national survival was at stake, sacrifice and human beings. became commonplace, almost routine. Today, notwithstanding Covid-19, the scale of losses For anyone associated with Pangbourne, this endured in the World Wars of the 20th century is continued appetite and affinity for service is no almost incomprehensible. -
'The Admiralty War Staff and Its Influence on the Conduct of The
‘The Admiralty War Staff and its influence on the conduct of the naval between 1914 and 1918.’ Nicholas Duncan Black University College University of London. Ph.D. Thesis. 2005. UMI Number: U592637 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U592637 Published by ProQuest LLC 2013. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 CONTENTS Page Abstract 4 Acknowledgements 5 Abbreviations 6 Introduction 9 Chapter 1. 23 The Admiralty War Staff, 1912-1918. An analysis of the personnel. Chapter 2. 55 The establishment of the War Staff, and its work before the outbreak of war in August 1914. Chapter 3. 78 The Churchill-Battenberg Regime, August-October 1914. Chapter 4. 103 The Churchill-Fisher Regime, October 1914 - May 1915. Chapter 5. 130 The Balfour-Jackson Regime, May 1915 - November 1916. Figure 5.1: Range of battle outcomes based on differing uses of the 5BS and 3BCS 156 Chapter 6: 167 The Jellicoe Era, November 1916 - December 1917. Chapter 7. 206 The Geddes-Wemyss Regime, December 1917 - November 1918 Conclusion 226 Appendices 236 Appendix A. -
DIE VOGELWARTE BERICHTE AUS DEM ARBEITSGEBIET DER VOGELWARTEN Fortsetzung Von: DER VOGELZUG, Berichte Über Vogelzugforschung Und Vogelberingung
© Deutschen Ornithologen-Gesellschaft und Partner; download www.do-g.de; www.zobodat.at DIE VOGELWARTE BERICHTE AUS DEM ARBEITSGEBIET DER VOGELWARTEN Fortsetzung von: DER VOGELZUG, Berichte über Vogelzugforschung und Vogelberingung BAND~24 HEFT 3/4 NOVEMBER 1968 Brandgans-Mauserzug und tidenbedingte Bewegungen von Brandgans (Tadorna tadorna) und Eiderente (Somateria mollissima) im Raum um Irischen* Von Jens Dircksen, Midlum über Bremerhaven Brandgans (T. tadorna) Alljährlich konzentrieren sich in der Deutschen Bucht, genauer in den Watträumen zwischen Weser- und Eidermündung, riesige Scharen mausernder Brandgänse, eine in ihren Ausmaßen eindrucksvolle Erscheinung, deren Entstehen noch nicht geklärt ist. Insbesondere bleiben trotz hinweisender Ringfunde manche Fragen nach der Herkunft dieser Brandgans-Schwärme und die der Bevorzugung bestimmter Sände in der Deut schen Bucht bis heute noch offen (siehe G o e t h e 1957, 1961 a, 1961 b). Das größte und am regelmäßigsten besuchte Mauserzentrum in der Deutschen Bucht — wenn nicht in ganz Europa — ist das Gebiet des Knechtsandes in der Außenweser. Zur Mauserzeit 1955 beispielsweise wurden dort rund 100 000 Brandgänse gezählt (G o e t h e 1957, 1961 a). Als zweitgrößtes Mausergebiet muß T ri sehen, der Beobachtungsraum des Verfassers, mit seinen umliegenden Watten und Sänden (Biels höver Sand, Tertius-Sand und Marner Plate) angesehen werden. Andere Mauserplätze wie Mellum, Scharhöm oder Norderoog werden nur gelegentlich und von weniger Vögeln aufgesucht (G o e t h e 1961 b). G o e t h e (1961 b) stellte frühere Brandgans-Beobachtungen aus dem Wattenbereich Trischens zusammen. Schon aus den Jahren um 1875 gab der Seehundjäger H e r m a n n S c h i f f e r wichtige Hinweise, die den Schluß auf mausernde Brandgänse zulassen. -
Crown Copyright Catalogue Reference
(c) crown copyright Catalogue Reference:cab/66/4/31 Image Reference:0001 TO BE KEPT UNDER LOCK AND KEY. It is requested that special care may be taken to ensure the secrecy of this document. SECRET. \7.P. (hO) 1 . COPY NO. AI WAR CABINET. AIR qPERATIONS AND INTELLIGENCE. SIXTEENTH WEEKLY REPORT BY THE SECRETARY OP STATE " FOR AIR. (Previous Report Paper W.P.(39) 166.) The accompanying report on Air Operations.and. Intelligence for the week ending midnight, 2hth December 1939, is submitted to the War Cabinet. (Signed) KINGSLEY WOOD. Richmond Terrace, S.W.1. 1st January, 1 9h-0. ^SECRET. COPY NO. 21^t WEEKLY REPORT NO.16 OF AIR OPERATIONS AND INTELLIGENCE FOR THE WEEK ENDING MIDNIGHT 2U.TH DECEMBER, 1939. BOMBER COMMAND. "I * Operations in the Heligoland Bight? 18th December. The most important operation of the week was the raid into the Heligoland Bight on 18th December. A force of twenty-four Wellingtons was sent out with orders to attack enemy warships sighted in the Schillig Roads or at anchorages off Wilhelmshaven. Two aircraft were compelled by engine trouble to return without reaching their objective. 2. A battleship, one heavy and one light cruiser, and five destroyers were found in Wilhelmshaven harbour and were photographed, but as the ships were lying in close proximity to buildings, no attempt was made to bomb them. A very large liner, probably the Bremen, which was seen lying at Breinerhaven was also left unmolested, and the only bombs dropped were aimed on four large fleet auxiliaries in the Schillig Roads; the results were not observed. -
APPENDIX 1 Contributors
APPENDIX 1 Contributors EDITORS Professor Richard J. Delahay which he studied the population dynamics of mute swans, including publishing papers on lead poisoning. His interest Professor Richard Delahay is a wildlife biologist with expertise in the linkages between science and policy are currently also in the epidemiology and management of disease in wildlife being pursued as a part-time Senior Research Fellow for NERC populations. Following completion of a PhD at Aberdeen working with the Welsh Government. University on the epidemiology of threadworm infections in red grouse, he has worked as a post-doctoral researcher for the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Oxford University and CHAIRS AND CONVENORS the Forestry Authority before holding scientific posts in a succession of Government research agencies, and currently Lord John Krebs holds an Honorary Visiting Chair at Exeter University. He The Lord Krebs Kt, MA, DPhil, FRS, FMedSci, Hon DSc completed is an author on over 120 peer-reviewed scientific papers his undergraduate degree in Zoology (1966) and DPhil (1970) and the principal editor of a book on managing disease in at Pembroke College, the University of Oxford. After a year as a wild mammals. Departmental Demonstrator in Ornithology at Oxford he moved to the University of British Columbia as an Assistant Professor of Professor Chris J. Spray Ecology (1970-73). John then spent a period at the University College of North Wales in Bangor as lecturer in Zoology (1973- Professor Chris J Spray MBE, FRSA, MA (Cantab), PhD, MCIEEM 75) before returning to Oxford as University Lecturer in Zoology holds the Chair of Water Science & Policy at the UNESCO Centre in the Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology. -
Scottish Birds
ISSN 0036-9144 SCOTTISH BIRDS THE JOURNAL OF THE SCOTTISH ORNITHOLOGISTS' CLUB Volume 9 No. 4 WINTER 1976 Price 7Sp SCOTTISH BIRD REPORT 1975 1977 SPECIAL INTEREST TOURS by PER'EGRINE HOLIDAYS Director s: Raymond Hodgkins, MA. (Oxon)MTAI. Patricia Hodgkins, MTAI a nd Neville Wykes, (Acct.) All Tours by scheduled Air and Inclusive. Most with guest lecturers and a tour manager. *Provisional SPRING IN VENICE . Mar 19-26 . Art & Leisure £139 SPRING IN ATHENS ... Mar 22-31 . Museums & Leisure £125 SPRING IN ARGOLlS ... Mar 22-31 . Sites & Flowers £152 PELOPONNESE . .. Apr 1-15 ... Birds & Flowers £340 CRETE . Apr 1·15 .. Birds & Flowers £330 MACEDONIA . Apr 28-May 5 . .. Birds with Peter Conder £210 ANDALUSIA .. May 2·14 . Birds & Flowers £220* PELOPONNESE & CRETE ... May 24-Jun 7 . .. Sites & Flowers £345 CRETE (8 days) . , . May 24, 31, June 7 ... Leisure £132 NORTHERN GREECE ... Jun 8·22 ... Mountain Flowers £340 RWANDA & ZAIRE . Jul 15·Aug 3 ... Gorillas with John £898 Gooders. AMAZON & GALAPAGOS . .. Aug 4-24 ... Dr David Bellamy £1064 BIRDS OVER THE BOSPHORUS ... Sep 22-29 ... Eagles with £195 Dr Chris Perrins. KASHMIR & KULU . .. Oct 14-29 ... Birds & Flowers £680* AUTUMN IN ARGOLlS ... Oct 12·21 ... Birds & Sites £153* AUTUMN IN CRETE ... Nov 1-8 ... Birds & Leisure £154* Brochures by return. Registration without obligation. PEREGRINE HOLIDAYS at TOWN AND GOWN TRAVEL, 40/41 SOUTH PARADE, AGENTS SUMMERTOWN, OXFORD, OX2 7JP. Phone Oxford (0865) 511341-2-3 Fully Bonded Atol No. 275B RARE BIRDS IN BRITAIN AND IRELAND by J. T. R. SHARROCKand E. M. SHARROCK This new, much fuller, companion work to Dr Sharrock's Scarce Migrant Birds in Britain and Ireland (£3.80) provides a textual and visual analysis for over 221 species of rare birds seen in these islands. -
SECRET A. D. I. (K) Report No. 390/1945 the FOLLOWING
SECRET A. D. I. (K) Report No. 390/1945 THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION HAS BEEN OBTAINED FROM P/W AS THE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT AS YET BEEN VERIFIED, NO MENTION OF THEM SHOULD BE MADE IN INTELLIGENCE SUMMARIES OF COMMANDS OR LOWER FORMATIONS, NOR SHOULD THEY BE ACCEPTED UNTIL COMMENTED ON AIR MINISTRY INTELLIGENCE SUMMARIES OR SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS. RADIO AND RADAR EQUIPMENT IN THE LUFTWAFFE – X. German early warning Ground Radar. 1. This report is the tenth of the series dealing with radio and radar equipment in the Luftwaffe. As in the case of the previous nine reports (A.D.I.(K) 343, 357, 362, 365, 369, 370 and 330/1945), it is based on interrogation of General Nachrichtenführer MARTINI, Director General of Signals, and some members of his staff, and has been supported by a number of relevant documents of recent date which were in the possession of the General's Chief of Staff. DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY-WARNING RADAR. Early History. 2. As recounted in A.D.I.(K) 343/1945 and again mentioned in A.D.I.(K) 365/1945, the Freya, which became the first standard early-warning radar set for the G.A.F., was developed by the firm of Gema, Berlin, with the encouragement of the Navy. The first Freyas were in operation as naval coast watchers in 1938 at a time when the G.A.F. was only thinking of radar in terms of searchlights and Flak. 3. The Technisches Amt wished to push 50 cm. wavelength like that of Würzburg, but the Navy backed the longer wavelength of Freya, and General MARTINI, who immediately appreciated the advantage of a wide-angle apparatus of Freya type to early warning, asked that a number of Freyas should be allocated to the G.A.F. -
Vesper Flights
ALSO BY HELEN MACDONALD H Is for Hawk Falcon Shaler’s Fish Copyright Copyright © 2020 by Helen Macdonald Jacket design by Suzanne Dean Jacket photograph © Chris Wormell Some of these pieces have appeared in different form in the New York Times Magazine, New Statesman and elsewhere. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer, who may quote brief passages in a review. Scanning, uploading, and electronic distribution of this book or the facilitation of such without the permission of the publisher is prohibited. Please purchase only authorized electronic editions, and do not participate in or encourage electronic piracy of copyrighted materials. Your support of the author’s rights is appreciated. Any member of educational institutions wishing to photocopy part or all of the work for classroom use, or anthology, should send inquiries to Grove Atlantic, 154 West 14th Street, New York, NY 10011 or [email protected]. First published in the United Kingdom in 2020 by Jonathan Cape First Grove Atlantic eBook edition: August 2020 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data is available for this title. eISBN 978-0-8021-4669-4 Grove Press an imprint of Grove Atlantic 154 West 14th Street New York, NY 10011 Distributed by Publishers Group West groveatlantic.com Contents Cover Also by Mike Lawson Title Page Copyright Introduction Nests Nothing -
0000-0003-3402-8880, Brown, Richard, Büche, Birgitte, Eagle, Gisel
This is a peer-reviewed, final published version of the following document, Perrins, C. et al. (2019). A census of breeding Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus on the Pembrokeshire islands of Skomer, Skokholm and Midland in 2018. Seabird, 32. pp.106-118. and is licensed under All Rights Reserved license: Perrins, Christopher, Padget, Oliver, O'Connell, Mark ORCID: 0000-0003-3402-8880, Brown, Richard, Büche, Birgitte, Eagle, Giselle, Roden, James, Stubbings, Ed and Wood, Matthew J ORCID: 0000-0003-0920-8396 (2020) A census of breeding Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus on the Pembrokeshire Islands of Skomer, Skokholm and Midland in 2018. Seabird, 32. pp. 106-118. Official URL: http://www.seabirdgroup.org.uk/seabird-32-106 EPrint URI: http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/id/eprint/8979 Disclaimer The University of Gloucestershire has obtained warranties from all depositors as to their title in the material deposited and as to their right to deposit such material. The University of Gloucestershire makes no representation or warranties of commercial utility, title, or fitness for a particular purpose or any other warranty, express or implied in respect of any material deposited. The University of Gloucestershire makes no representation that the use of the materials will not infringe any patent, copyright, trademark or other property or proprietary rights. The University of Gloucestershire accepts no liability for any infringement of intellectual property rights in any material deposited but will remove such material from public view pending investigation in the event of an allegation of any such infringement. PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR TEXT. 2018 census of breeding Manx Shearwaters in Pembrokeshire A census of breeding Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus on the Pembrokeshire Islands of Skomer, Skokholm and Midland in 2018 Christopher Perrins 1*, Oliver Padget 1, Mark O’Connell 4, Richard Brown 2, Birgitte Büche 2, Giselle Eagle 2, James Roden 3, Ed Stubbings 2 and Matt J. -
Oxford Lead Symposium Lead Ammunition: Understanding and Minimising the Risks to Human and Environmental Health
Proceedings of the Oxford Lead Symposium Lead Ammunition: understanding and minimising the risks to human and environmental health 10th December 2014 Edward Grey Institute, The University of Oxford, UK Proceedings of the Oxford Lead Symposium Lead Ammunition: understanding and minimising the risks to human and environmental health December 2014 Edward Grey Institute, The University of Oxford, UK Editors Professor Richard J. Delahay University of Exeter Professor Chris J. Spray, MBE, FRSA University of Dundee Hosted by Professor Chris Perrins, LVO, FRS The University of Oxford ISBN 978-0-9934605-0-0 Published by Edward Grey Institute Copyright © Edward Grey Institute Preferred citation: Delahay, R.J. & Spray, C.J. (Eds.) (2015). Proceedings of the Oxford Lead Symposium. Lead Ammunition: understanding and minimising the risks to human and environmental health. Edward Grey Institute, The University of Oxford, UK. 152pp. To view online, see http://www.oxfordleadsymposium.info Cover illustration: Marie Gallon. CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS ........................................................................................................................................................................................................3 FOREWORD .................................................................................................................................................................................................................4 The Lord Krebs Kt, MA, DPhil, FRS, FMedSci, Hon DSc INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................................................................6