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LONGHORNED BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) PREFERRING PINUS SPECIES AS HOST PLANT IN TURKEY

Hüseyin Özdikmen*

* Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, 06500 Ankara, TURKEY. E- mail: [email protected], ORCID IDs: 0000-0001-9568-0093

[Özdikmen, H. 2021. Longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) preferring Pinus species as host plant in Turkey. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 16 (1): 501-552]

ABSTRACT: Pines (Pinus spp.) are some of the best-known plants around the world. They are among the most commercially important tree species valued for their timber and wood pulp throughout the world. Pine is one of the more extensively used types of wood used as lumber. Pine species with an area over 11.000.000 hectares are comprised of about half or slightly more than half of total forest area in Turkey (22,342,935 hectares). Detection of cerambycids in pine trees is of economic importance in terms of production losses, environmental disasters, and management costs. Accordingly, all taxa of Turkish longhorned beetles preferring Pinus species as host plant are reviewed and evaluated with their body length, adult period, host plants, regional distribution in Turkey and the range in the world. Consequently, a total of 83 longhorned beetle species, with Turksh subspecies if present, are presented from Turkey in the present study. Moreover, regional distribution patterns in Turkey of the taxa are shown into maps.

KEY WORDS: Cerambycidae, Pinus, pine, host plant, Turkey

As known, the biological significance and biodiversity of Turkey alone, in terms of many groups of animals, is almost equivalent to the European continent and even more for some groups. For example, the number of Cerambycidae members in Turkey alone is more than that of the whole continent of Europe. The longhorned beetles or Cerambycidae Latreille, 1802, also known as longicorn beetles, longhorned beetles, timber beetles, or sawyer beetles, because of their long antennae, especially in males, are among economically important and the most diverse families of Coleoptera. The long antennae and rather elongate bodies are used as general diagnostic characteristics for them. Many species are important pests of trees and logs of forest and urban trees. The members of the family are among the most important forest insects which attack the timber of standing trees and felled logs. To date, there are about 200 cerambycid species worldwide that have some economic impact on forestry, agriculture, and horticulture, causing production losses, environmental disasters, and management costs. Many species have been introduced to other regions or countries and some have become established outside their natural distribution range, causing serious problems globally with the increase of international trade in recent years (Haack et al., 2010). Almost all cerambycid beetles are phytophagous as both adults and larvae that feed on a single species or genus of plants (monophagous), on multiple plant species, either all within a single plant family (oligophagous) or multiple families (polyphagous). The adults are free-living extremely diverse, from dark nocturnal forms to brightly colored mimetic diurnal beetles and can live for a few days to a few months depending on whether they feed (Hanks, 1999; Švácha & Lawrence,

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2014; Wang, 2008, 2017). The larvae are phytophagous and primarily utilize woody host plants generally. Forests are ecosystems that symbolize the whole relationship of various living groups with physical environmental factors and are indispensable natural areas for life. All longhorned beetles are xylophagous and phytophagous. For this reason, longhorned beetles which are generated large damages on or in forest trees in larval stages especially, includes many pests of forests. Detection of cerambycids in coniferous forests, with also coniferous mixed forests, comprising of approximately 2/3 of the general forest area in Turkey and containing woody plant species, is of economic importance in terms of production losses, environmental disasters, and management costs. According to data from the year 2015, 33% of the general forest area is deciduous forests (7.346.851 hectares), 48% coniferous forests (10.628.833 hectares), and 19% coniferous mixed forests (4.367.251 hectares) cover in Turkey. 99.9% of the forest areas are State owned forests. The vast majority are managed by the General Directorate of Forestry on the basis of sustainability principle. Forest area in Turkey is 22,342,935 hectares, this figure includes 28.6% of the country. There are approximately 150 species of trees in the forests. As the distribution area in forests, Oak species (Quercus spp.) (5.886.195 hectares) is the most common, after that in the order of areal size Red Pine (Pinus brutia) (5.610.215 hectares), Black Pine (Pinus nigra) (4.244.921 hectares), Beech (Fagus spp.) (1.899.929 hectares), Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris) (1.518.929 hectares), Juniper (Juniperus spp.) (958.423 hectares), Fir (Abies spp.) (584.781 hectares), Cedar (Cedrus libani) (482.391 hectares), Spruce (Picea orientalis) (322.857 hectares), Stone Pine (Pinus pinea) (161.971 hectares), Alder (Alnus spp.) (146.730 hectares), Chestnut (Castanea spp.) (88.443 hectares), Hornbeam (Carpinus spp.) (34.989 hectares), Poplar (Populus spp.) (16.288 hectares), Linden (Tilia spp.) (12.574 hectares), Ash (Fraxinus spp.) (7.212 hectares), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) (1.404 hectares), other species (101,641 hectares) (OGM, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015) (Map 1).

Map 1. Forest assets of Turkey (2012) (from OGM, 2015).

The Pinophyta or Pinophytina, also known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae, or commonly as conifers, are a division or subdivision of vascular land plants containing a single extant class, Pinopsida. They are cone-bearing seed plants, a

Munis Entomology & Zoology Mun. Ent. Zool. https://www.munisentzool.org/ (January, 2021) 503 ISSN 1306-3022 © MRG ______subset of gymnosperms. In Turkey, the subclass Pinidae has thirty-four species of fifteen genera in total. The order Pinales and therefore Pinaceae family are represented with fourteen species of six genera which are distributed more or less in all regions of Turkey (Campbell & Reece, 2005; Güner et al., 2018; Resimli Türkiye Florası Elektronik Versiyonu, 2020). A pine is any conifer in the genus Pinus which is the largest genus of the family Pinaceae. Pines are some of the best-known plants around the world; they are native to the Northern Hemisphere, and in a few parts of the tropics in the Southern Hemisphere. Pines may be found in a very large variety of environments, ranging from semi-arid desert to rainforests, from sea level up to 5,200 metres, from the coldest to the hottest environments on Earth. They often occur in mountainous areas with favorable soils and at least some water (Pine trees, 2020). Pine trees are evergreen, coniferous resinous trees or/rarely shrubs growing 3- 80 m tall, with the majority of species reaching 15-45 m tall (Fattig, 2011). Pine may also refer to the lumber derived from pine trees. Pine is one of the more extensively used types of wood used as lumber. Various species have been introduced to temperate and subtropical regions of both hemispheres, where they are grown as timber or cultivated as ornamental plants in parks and gardens. Pines are among the most commercially important tree species valued for their timber and wood pulp throughout the world. Commercial pines are grown in plantations for timber. When grown for sawing timber, pine plantations can be harvested after 25 years. Pine wood is widely used in high-value carpentry items. Additionally, some species have large seeds, called pine nuts, that are harvested and sold for cooking and baking. Moreover, pines have been a frequently mentioned tree throughout history in popular culture. In Turkey, the genus, Pinus (pine), is represented by seven species as Pinus sylvestris L., 1753 that has two varieties as Pinus sylvestris L. var. elicinii Kandemir & Mataracı, 2018 and Pinus sylvestris L. var. hamata Steven, 1838; Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold, 1785 that is represented only by the subspecies Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold ssp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe, 1914 with three varieties as Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana var. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe, 1914, Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana var. fastigiata Businský, 2008 and Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana var. yaltirikiana Alptekin, 1987; Pinus pinaster Aiton, 1789; Pinus brutia Ten., 1815 that is represented by three varieties as Pinus brutia var. brutia Ten., 1815, Pinus brutia Ten. var. eldarica (Medw.) Silba, 1985 and Pinus brutia Ten. var. pendulifolia Frankis, 1993; Pinus halepensis Mill., 1768; Pinus pinea L., 1753 and Pinus radiata D. Don, 1837 (Güner et al., 2018; Resimli Türkiye Florası Elektronik Versiyonu, 2020). As seen above, pine species with an area over 11.000.000 hectares are comprised of about half or slightly more than half of total forest area in Turkey (22,342,935 hectares). As the distribution area in forests, Red Pine (Pinus brutia) (5.610.215 hectares) is the most common, after that in the order of areal size Black Pine (Pinus nigra) (4.244.921 hectares), Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris) (1.518.929 hectares), Stone Pine (Pinus pinea) (161.971 hectares), and others. The following information have been taken from “Main Tree Species in Turkey” presented by General Directorate of Forestry (www.ogm.gov.tr, received December 2020) chiefly. Calabrian Pine or Red Pine or Turkish Pine (Pinus brutia): In addition to its large spread in Western Anatolia and Mediterranean Region, Calabrian

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Pines are found in small stands in microclimate regions. These are the junction of Kelkit brook and Yeşilırmak river near Erbaa and like Ayancık, Sinop, Boyabat, Amasya and Zonguldak where a typical Mediterranean climate prevails. The largest expansion in Turkey is in the Mediterranean coastal zone and back regions near the coast and Southeastern parts. They grow at heights up to 1500 m and have the largest distribution in Turkey.

Map 2. Distribution patterns of Pinus brutia in Turkey (from OGM, 2013).

Crimean Pine or Black Pine (Pinus nigra): Crimean Pines are seen in almost every region of our country. Crimean Pines, which have geographically wide distribution area, are found at 400 to 2100 m-high in Turkey.

Map 3. Distribution patterns of Pinus nigra in Turkey (from OGM, 2013).

Scotch Pine or Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris): The southern border in Turkey and in the world is Pınarbaşı-Kayseri. It is widely spread in the inner regions of the Northern Anatolia and it passes to the Central Anatolia. It goes down the seashore of Çamburnu between Of and Sürmene in the bank of Black Sea. It goes up 2700 m in Eastern Anatolia (Sarıkamış-Ziyaret Hill). The edge distribution at South is İhsaniye-Afyon. Scotch pines are spread compactly at altitudes of about 1000 to 2500 m in Turkey. Moreover, there are seven small

Munis Entomology & Zoology Mun. Ent. Zool. https://www.munisentzool.org/ (January, 2021) 505 ISSN 1306-3022 © MRG ______isolated populations of the Scotch Pine in Pınarbaşı, Göksun in between Kayseri and Kahramanmaraş where it reachs one of its South limits not only in Turkey but also in the world.

Map 4. Distribution patterns of Pinus sylvestris in Turkey (from OGM, 2013).

Stone Pine or Umbrella Pine (Pinus pinea): Stone pine has its largest geographical distribution in Anatolia. Especially in Western Anatolia, near Bergama (Kozak upland) around Aydın and Muğla, it establishes forests. It spreads locally at the shores of Gemlik gulf, at the shores of Manavgat-Antalya, in Kahramanmaraş and in Çoruh Valley and along Kalenema stream in Trabzon.

Map 5. Distribution patterns of Pinus pinea, Cupressus sempervirens, Taxus baccata in Turkey (from OGM, 2013).

Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis): It spreads only on the foothills of the Taurus Mountains, in a narrow area between Seyhan - Ceyhan Rivers. It is found In the Scotch pine forest of Adana, in the Kizyusuflu village of Kadirli, in Karatepe where is found mixed with red pine. It is also found in Güvercinlik Bay between Milas and Bodrum, in Gökova, Selçuk-Kuşadası, İzmir, Urla and Dikili regions.

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Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster): It is native to the Western Mediterranean region. Its range is extending from Portugal and Northern Spain (especially in Galicia) to southern and Western France, east to western Italy, Croatia and south to northern Tunisia, Algeria and northern Morocco. It is represented only by plantations in Turkey and often used in coastal plantations in Turkey. It can grow up to 30-40 m.

Monterey Pine (Pinus radiata): It is native to the Central Coast of California and Mexico (Guadalupe Island and Cedros island). It is represented only by some plantations in Turkey. It can grow up to 15–30 m tall in the wild, but up to 60 m in cultivation in optimum conditions.

So far, many studies by foreign and native authors have been done on Cerambycidae members in Turkey. The works of foreign authors are almost entirely taxonomic and faunistic, and usually short-term studies. Recent studies of Özdikmen (2007, 2008a,b, 2011a,b, 2013a,b,c, 2014a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h), Löbl & Smetana (2010), Danilevsky (2019), Tezcan et al. (2020a,b) and Özdikmen & Tezcan (2020a,b) have great importance for Cerambycidae fauna of Turkey. On the other side, the assessments made on Cerambycidae in Turkey's forests were carried by local authors in general. Studies on forest trees, including members of Cerambycidae are made in Turkey since 1937 (Schimitschek, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1941, 1944; İyriboz, 1940; Acatay, 1943, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1968, 1971; Erdem, 1947, 1968; Çanakçıoğlu, 1956, 1983, 1993; Defne, 1954; Bodenheimer, 1958; Ekici, 1971; Sekendiz, 1974, 1981; Tosun, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Öymen, 1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1987, 1988, 1989; Yüksel, 1996; Çanakçıoğlu & Mol, 1998; Kanat, 1998; Yıldırım et al., 1998; Ulusoy et al., 1999; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu, 2001). Cerambycidae family in Turkey include close to 1000 species-group taxa with recently the rapidly growing discoveries of new species and subspecies. Unfortunately, biology or at least host plants of all cerambycid taxa are still unknown. Therefore, Cerambycidae of Pinus species in Turkey based on the species-group taxa are presented below with this study. In the present study, body length, adult period, host plants and distribution in Turkey and Palaearctic region especially for each different species-group taxon are presented under the scientific name based on available references and personal data. Mainly Svacha & Danilevsky (1987, 1988, 1989), Cherepanov (1990a,b,c,d; 1991a,b), Bense (1995), Özdikmen (2013b,c), Hoskovec et al. (2020), Tavakilian (2020) and cited references in the related part, and also Cerambycidae database of the author were used to determine of the host plants of each species- group taxon. The following map is used for regional distribution pattern in Turkey of the species-group taxa determined in the present study (Map 6). According to Löbl & Smetana (2010) and Danilevsky (2019) chiefly, the range in the World of each different species-group taxon is given at the end with abbreviatons of countries and regions. The species given below are only species whose larval development is directly in pine trees. It should not be forgotten that adults of species other than those given in pine trees may also be encountered. These species are not actually pine forest species, but guest species. Therefore, these species are not mentioned in the present work.

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Map 6. Provinces and regions in Turkey, [(1) Marmara region, (2) Black Sea region, (3) Aegean region, (4) Central Anatolian region, (5) Eastern Anatolian region, (6) Mediterranean region, (7) South-Eastern Anatolian region].

Superfamily CERAMBYCOIDEA Latreille, 1802

Family CERAMBYCIDAE Latreille, 1802

Subfamily PRIONINAE Latreille, 1802

Tribe ERGATINI Fairmaire, 1864

Genus CALLERGATES Lameere, 1904: 47 [type species Ergates gaillardoti Chevrolat, 1854] gaillardoti Chevrolat, 1854: 481 (Ergates)

Range: E: GR (Rodos, Samos) N: EGi A: CY LE SY TR Body length. 25-66 mm. Adult period. May-October. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus spp.). In Turkey, this species has been reported by various authors on Pinus brutia, Pinus nigra, Pinus pinea and the other Pinus spp. (e.g. Pinus halepensis in Syria, Pinus sylvestris in Greek islands).

The species has E-Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from Anatolian part of Turkey: All Mediterranean region, S parts of Aegean region and Central Anatolian region (Pic, 1897a, 1900; Lameere, 1913; Demelt, 1963; Öymen, 1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1987; Lodos, 1998; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2008b, 2012, 2011a, 2013b, 2014a; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2009a; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Atay et al., 2012; Sama et al., 2012; Cihan et al., 2013; Özdikmen & Cihan Tüzün, 2018).

Genus ERGATES Audinet-Serville, 1832: 143 [type species Prionus serrarius Panzer, 1793 (= Cerambyx faber Linnaeus, 1760)]

Munis Entomology & Zoology Mun. Ent. Zool. 508 https://www.munisentzool.org/ (January, 2021) ISSN 1306-3022 © MRG ______faber Linnaeus, 1760: 187 (Cerambyx) faber faber Linnaeus, 1760: 187 (Cerambyx) Range: E: AL AN AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ FR GBi GE GR HU IT LA LT NL PL PT SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU N: MO A: AR ?AB GG IQ SY TR

Body length. 23-60 mm. Adult period. May-September. Hosts. Polyphagous. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Cedrus and Larix) and exceptionally deciduous trees (Alnus, Populus). Pinus spp., however, are preferred host plants. The specimens that were collected from Turkey were found on or in Pinus brutia, Pinus nigra, Pinus pinaster, Picea orientalis, Abies bornmuelleriana as adults or larvae.

The species has Europeo-Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented only by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N and S Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Mediterranean region and N part of Central Anatolian region (Bodenheimer, 1941, 1958; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968, 1969; Defne, 1954; Çanakçıoğlu, 1956, 1983, 1993; Demelt, 1968a,b; Tosun, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1987; Önder et al., 1987; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Kanat, 1998; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001 ; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2009a; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011a,b, 2013b, 2014a).

Tribe MACROTOMINI J. Thomson, 1861

Genus PRINOBIUS Mulsant, 1842: 207 [type species Prinobius myardi Mulsant, 1842] myardi Mulsant, 1842: 207 myardi atropos Chevrolat, 1854: 482 Range: A: CY IS JO LE SY TR myardi slamorum Danilevsky, 2012: 698 [RN] Range: E: AL BH BU CR GR IT TR UK YU A: GG IN TR

Body length. 28-50 mm. Adult period. March-October. Hosts. Polyphagous. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Fraxinus, Pyrus, Acer, Alnus, Morus, Olea, Citrus, Populus, Platanus, Salix, Prunus, Robinia, Pistacia, Salix) and occasionally conifers (Pinus, Cedrus, Picea). The specimens that were collected from Turkey were found on or in deciduous trees (Juglans regia, Liquidambar orientalis, Platanus orientalis, Morus alba) and conifers (Pinus brutia, Pinus nigra) as adults or larvae.

The species has Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented by two subspecies in Turkey as P. myardi atropos and P. myardi slamorum. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N (as P. myardi slamorum) and S (as P. myardi atropos) Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Aegean region and Mediterranean region (Pic, 1892a; Bodenheimer, 1958; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Villiers, 1967; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu et al., 2002; Özdikmen & Çağlar,

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2004; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Sama et al., 2011; Cihan et al., 2013; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2013b, 2014a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Tribe REMPHANINI Lacordaire, 1868

Genus RHAESUS Motschulsky, 1875: 153 [RN] [type species Rhaesus persicus Motschulsky, 1875 (= Prionus serricollis Motschulsky, 1838)] serricollis Motschulsky, 1838: 187 (Prionus)

Range: E: AL BU GR MC ST TR YU N: EGi A: AB AR CY GG IN IS LE SY TR Body length: 30-62 mm. Adult period: February, May-October, December. Hosts: Polyphagous. Deciduous trees (Fagus, Celtis, Platanus, Quercus, Castanea, Tilia, Juglans, Salix, Morus, Liquidambar, Ficus, Prunus, Populus) and exceptionally conifers (Pinus). The specimens that were collected from Turkey were found on or in deciduous trees (Juglans regia, Liquidambar orientalis, Platanus orientalis, Morus alba) and conifers (Pinus brutia, Pinus nigra) as adults or larvae.

The species has Turano-Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from NW, W and S Turkey: Marmara region, Aegean region, Mediterranean region, W part of Black Sea region and S part of Central Anatolian region (Pic, 1892a; Bodemeyer, 1906; Demelt, 1963; Villiers, 1967; Acatay, 1971; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Çanakçıoğlu, 1983, 1993; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1987; Önder et al., 1987; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Çanakçıoğlu & Mol, 1998; Kanat, 1998; Lodos, 1998; Tozlu et al., 2002; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2013b, 2014a; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2009a; Bahadıroğlu et al., 2009; Özdikmen et al., 2010a; Cihan et al., 2013; Avgın et al., 2015; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Tribe PRIONINI Latreille, 1802

Genus PRIONUS Geoffroy, 1762: 198 [type species Cerambyx coriarius Linnaeus, 1758] coriarius Linnaeus, 1758: 389 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IT KZ LA LS LT LU MD NL NR NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU N: AG TU A: AB AR GG IN KZ SY TR WS Body length. 18-48 mm. Adult period. June-September. Hosts. Polyphagous. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Cedrus, Pseudotsuga) and deciduous trees (Quercus, Fagus, Alnus, Castanea, Malus, Salix, Fraxinus, Betula, Ulmus, Corylus, Populus, Platanus, Robinia, Acer, Sambucus, Carpinus, Prunus, Tilia). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Cedrus libani, Pinus brutia, Picea orientalis, Corylus avellana.

The species has Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean chorotype. It is widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from all Turkish regions (Semenov, 1900; Schimitschek, 1944; Acatay, 1948, 1961, Acatay, 1968; Ekici, 1971; Tosun, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Sekendiz, 1981; Çanakçıoğlu, 1983; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Svacha & Danilevsky,

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1987; Öymen, 1987; Önder et al., 1987; Yüksel, 1996; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Kanat, 1998; Çanakçıoğlu & Mol, 1998; Tozlu et al., 2002; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a,b, 2013b, 2014a; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2009a; Özdikmen et al., 2009; Bahadıroğlu et al., 2009; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Ozdikmen et al., 2010; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Albayati et al., 2016; Varlı et al., 2019, 2020).

Subfamily LEPTURINAE Latreille, 1802

Tribe OXYMIRINI Danilevsky, 1997

Genus OXYMIRUS Mulsant, 1862: 464 [type species Cerambyx cursor Linnaeus, 1758] cursor Linnaeus, 1758: 393 (Cerambyx)

E: AL AN AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GE HU IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK YU A: SHX TR WS Body length. 14-25 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea, Pinus, Abies, Larix, Pseudotsuga) and deciduous trees (Fagus, Alnus, Betula, Corylus, Salix, Sorbus) and shrubs (Sorbus).

The species has Sibero-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from NE Anatolia: E part of Black Sea region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Lodos, 1998; Özdikmen, 2014b; Turgut et al., 2010).

Tribe RHAGIINI Kirby, 1837

Genus RHAGIUM Fabricius, 1775: 182 [type species Cerambyx inquisitor Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus HAGRIUM Villiers, 1978: 85 [type species Rhagium bifasciatum Fabricius, 1775] bifasciatum Fabricius, 1775: 183

E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NR PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SZ TR UK YU A: AB AR GG IN TR Body length. 12-23 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix, Pseudotsuga), deciduous trees (Fagus, Castanea, Betula, Quercus, Castanea, Fraxinus, Ulmus, Populus, Acer, Corylus, Carpinus, Salix, Alnus, Crataegus, Prunus, Pyrus, Sorbus) and shrubs and herbs (Cytisus, Sorbus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Abies nordmanniana, Abies cilicica, Pinus sylvestris, Picea orientalis, Populus tremula.

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The species has European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N and S Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, NE part of Eastern Anatolian region, NE and S parts of Central Anatolian region and W part of Mediterranean region (Schimitschek, 1944; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Defne, 1954; Podaný, 1964; Villiers, 1967; Besçeli, 1969; Sekendiz, 1974, 1991; Tosun, 1975; Sama, 1982; Çanakçıoğlu, 1983; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Önder et al., 1987; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu, 2001a,b; Tozlu et al., 2002; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011a, 2014b; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2010; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013).

Subgenus MEGARHAGIUM Reitter, 1913: 6 [type species Cerambyx sycophanta Schrank, 1781] mordax DeGeer, 1775: 124 (Leptura)

E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LT LU LS MC MD ME NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ ?TR UK YU A: ES KZ TM TR WS Body length. 13-26 mm. Adult period. March-September. Hosts. Polyphagous. Development in deciduous trees and less often in coniferous trees. Deciduous trees (Fagus, Quercus, Castanea, Betula, Populus, Acer, Alnus, Carpinus, Corylus, Juglans, Fraxinus, Prunus, Tilia, Sorbus) preferred, coniferous trees (Picea, Abies, Picea, Pinus, Larix, Pseudotsuga) and shrubs (Sorbus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Picea orientalis, Quercus sp..

The species has Sibero-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N Turkey: Marmara region and E parts of Black Sea region (Acatay, 1948; 1961, 1968; Besçeli, 1969; Öymen, 1987; Yüksel, 1996; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014b).

Subgenus RHAGIUM Fabricius, 1775: 182 [type species Cerambyx inquisitor Linnaeus, 1758] inquisitor Linnaeus, 1758: 393 (Cerambyx) inquistor fortipes Reitter, 1898a: 357 (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR inquistor inquisitor Linnaeus, 1758: 393 (Cerambyx) Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT MD NE NL NR NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: ES KZ MG TR WS inquisitor schtschukini Semenov, 1898: 601 Range: E: ST A: AB AR GG TR

Body length. 9-22 mm. Adult period. February-October. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix, Cedrus, Juniperus, Pseudotsuga) strongly preferred and deciduous trees (Betula, Fagus, Quercus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Abies nordmanniana, Abies cilicica, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra, Pinus brutia, Picea orientalis, Juniperus excelsa, Quercus, Betula.

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The species has Asiatic-European chorotype. It is represented by three subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies, R. inquistor fortipes and R. inquisitor schtschukini. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N (as R. inquistor inquisitor), NE (as R. inquisitor schtschukini) and S (as R. inquistor fortipes) Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Mediterranean region, N parts of Aegean and Central Anatolian region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Plavilstshikov, 1915; Alkan, 1946; Schimitschek, 1944; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1968; Defne, 1954; Çanakçıoğlu, 1956, 1983; Podany, 1964; Demelt, 1967; Tosun, 1975; Sekendiz, 1981, 1991; Sama, 1982; Öymen, 1987; Önder et al., 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu, 2001a; Sama, 2002; Tozlu et al., 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a, 2011a,b, 2012a, 2014b; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2010; Sama et al., 2012; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Varlı et al., 2019; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b).

Genus EURACMAEOPS Danilevsky, 2014: 147 [type species: Leptura marginata Fabricius, 1781] marginatus Fabricius, 1781: 247 (Leptura)

E: AU BH BY CR CT CZ EN FI FR GE GR HU IT LA LT NL NR NT PL SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK YU A: ES FE GAN KZ MG NMO TR WS Body length. 7-11.5 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea).

The species has Sibero-European or Asiatic- European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from NC parts of Anatolia: NC part of Black Sea region and N part of Central Anatolian region (Demelt, 1967; Lodos, 1998; Özdikmen et al., 2009; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen, 2007, 2014b).

Genus CORTODERA Mulsant, 1863: 572 [type species Grammoptera spinosula Mulsant, 1839: 290 (= Leptura humeralis Schaller, 1783)] pumila Ganglbauer, 1882: 710 pumila meltemae Özdikmen, Mercan & Cihan, 2012b: 746 (ENDEMIC) Range: E: TR A: TR pumila sarigolensis Danilevsky, 2016: 266 (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR pumila tournieri Pic, 1895: 75 Range: A: AR GG TR

Body length. 6-12 mm. Adult period. April-July. Hosts. Unknown. In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus, Crataegus, Quercus. Therefore, deciduous trees (Crataegus, Quercus) and coniferous trees (Pinus).

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The species has SW-Asiatic chorotype. It is represented by three subspecies in Turkey as C. pumila meltemae, C. pumila sarigolensis and C. pumila tournieri. In Turkey, it has been recorded from NC, NW and C Turkey (as C. pumila meltemae), and NE (as C. pumila sarigolensis and C. pumila tournieri) Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Central Anatolian region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Holzschuh, 1975; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen et al., 2012b; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014b; Danilevsky, 2015a, 2016).

Tribe LEPTURINI Latreille, 1802

Genus ALOSTERNA Mulsant, 1863: 576 [type species Leptura tabacicolor DeGeer, 1775] tabacicolor DeGeer, 1775: 139 (Leptura) tabacicolor subvittata Reitter, 1885: 391 Range: E: ST A: AB AR GG IN TR tabacicolor tabacicolor DeGeer, 1775: 139 (Leptura) Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT KZ LA LS LT LU MC MD NE NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: KZ TR WS tabacicolor tokatensis Pic, 1901: 59 (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR

Body length. 6-10 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Betula, Salix, Carpinus, Acer, Corylus, Ulmus), coniferous trees (Picea, Pinus) and creeper and shrubs (Hedera, Frangula).

The species has Asiatic-European chorotype. It is represented by three subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies, A. tabacicolor subvittata and A. tabacicolor tokatensis. In Turkey, it has been recorded from NE (as A. tabacicolor subvittata), NC (as A. tabacicolor tokatensis) and NW, W, SW (as A. tabacicolor tabacicolor) Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Aegean region and W part of Mediterranean region (Pic, 1901; Plavilstshikov, 1936; Villiers, 1959, 1967; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Tauzin, 2000; Sama, 2002; Sama et al., 2012; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011a, 2014c; Georgiev et al., 2015; Albayati et al., 2016).

Genus STICTOLEPTURA Casey, 1924: 280 [type species Leptura cribripennis LeConte, 1859]

Subgenus AREDOLPONA Nakane & K. Ohbayashi, 1957: 244 [type species Leptura rubra Linnaeus, 1758] rubra Linnaeus, 1758: 397 (Leptura) rubra rubra Linnaeus, 1758: 397 (Leptura) Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MD NL NR NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: ES KZ TR WS

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Body length. 10-21 mm. Adult period. May-September. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Larix, Abies, Taxus, Pseudotsuga) strongly preferred and deciduous trees (Quercus, Alnus, Betula, Fagus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Abies cilicica, Abies nordmanniana, Pinus pinea, Pinus brutia, Picea orientalis.

The species has Sibero-European + Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented only by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N and SW Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region and W part of Mediterranean region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1968; Defne, 1954; Tosun, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Öymen, 1987; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011a, 2014c; Albayati et al., 2016).

Subgenus STICTOLEPTURA Casey, 1924: 280 [type species Leptura cribripennis LeConte, 1859] cordigera Fuessly, 1775: 14 (Leptura) cordigera anojiaensis Sláma, 1982: 207 (Brachyleptura) E: GR (Kríti) A: TR cordigera cordigera Fuessly, 1775: 14 (Leptura) E: BE BU DE FR GB GE GR IT NL RO SP SZ RO ST TR UK N: LB A: AB AR CY GG IN IQ IS LE SY TR

Body length. 14-20 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Pistacia, Castanea, Rubus, Cistus, Alnus, Fagus, Acacia, Mimosa, Eucalyptus, Punica, Pyrus) strongly preferred, exceptionally coniferous trees (Pinus brutia, Cupressus) and shrubs (Punica). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Rubus sp., Quercus infectoria, Quercus cerris, Cistus creticus.

The species has Europeo-Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies and S. cordigera anojiaensis in Turkey. The nominative subspecies is widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from all Turkish regions. S. cordigera anojiaensis is probably distributed only in SW-Anatolia (Pic, 1892a; Villiers, 1959, 1967; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Fuchs et Breuning, 1971; Tuatay et al., 1972; Gül- Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; Sama, 1982, 2002; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Adlbauer, 1988; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Rejzek & Hoskovec, 1999; Tauzin, 2000; Sama & Rapuzzi, 2000; Tozlu et al., 2002; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen et al., 2005, 2009, 2010, 2012c; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen & Okutaner, 2006; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2013a, 2014c; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Sama et al., 2012; Cihan et al., 2013; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Tekin & Özdikmen, 2015; Sláma, 2015; Albayati et al., 2016; Özdikmen & Özdikmen, 2016; Abacigil et al., 2019; Balbakan et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020a).

Subgenus PARACORYMBIA Miroshnikov, 1998: 587 [type species Leptura fulva DeGeer, 1775]

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Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LS LU MC NL PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SZ TR UK YU A: TR Body length: 9-16 mm. Adult period: May-August. Hosts: Deciduous trees (Castanea, Fagus, Quercus, Populus, Acer, Salix) and also shrubs (Rubus) and rarely coniferous trees (Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Rubus, Fagus, Quercus, Populus.

The species has European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from almost all Turkish regions except for South-Eastern Anatolian region (Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Villiers, 1967; Gül- Zümreoğlu, 1975; Sama, 1982; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Tezcan & Rejzek, 2002; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Özdikmen & Okutaner, 2006; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen, 2007; Özdikmen et al., 2010a; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Özdikmen, 2011b; Sama et al., 2011, 2012; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Albayati et al., 2016; Özdikmen, 2019; Balbakan et al., 2019).

Subgenus MACULILEPTURA Danilevsky, 2014: 274 [type species: Leptura maculicornis DeGeer, 1775] maculicornis DeGeer, 1775: 139 (Leptura)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ EN FI FR GE GR HU IT LA LT LU MC MD NR NT PL RO SK SL ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: ?GG Body length. 7-10 mm. Adult period. May-September. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies, Picea) and deciduous trees (Betula, Quercus, Fagus).

The species has European chorotype. It has been recorded from Eurpean Turkey in Marmara region (Georgiev et al., 2015).

Genus ANASTRANGALIA Casey, 1924: 280 [type species Leptura sanguinea LeConte, 1859] dubia Scopoli, 1763: 47 (Leptura) dubia dubia Scopoli, 1763: 47 (Leptura) Range: E: AL AN AU BH BU ?BY CR CZ FR GE GR HU IT LS ?LT MC PL RO SK SL SP SZ UK YU N: AG A: TR dubia melanota Faldermann, 1837: 315 (Leptura) Range: E: ST A: AB AR GG IN TR

Body length. 8-16.5 mm. Adult period. May-September.

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Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea, Abies, Pinus, Juniperus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Abies nordmanniana, Picea orientalis, Pinus sylvestris.

The species has Europeo-Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies and A. dubia melanota in Turkey. The nominative subspecies has been recorded from W half of Anatolia, while A. dubia melanota has been recorded only from NE Anatolia: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Aegean region, Central Anatolian region, E parts of Mediterranean region and NE parts of Eastern Anatolian region (Defne, 1954; Villiers, 1959, 1967; Sekendiz, 1981; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Tauzin, 2000; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen et al., 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a,b, 2014c; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Özdikmen et al., 2010a; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Özdikmen, 2014c, 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a). montana Mulsant & Rey, 1863: 179 (Leptura) montana montana Mulsant & Rey, 1863: 179 (Leptura) Range: E: GR (Samos) A: CY SY TR

Body length. 9-12 mm. Adult period. May-July. Hosts. Polyphagous. Coniferous trees (Pinus) strongly preferred and deciduous trees (Quercus, Salix). In Turkey, this subspecies has been reported on Pinus brutia, Quercus sp..

The species has E-Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented only by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded only from S and W Anatolia: SW part of Marmara region, W parts of Aegean region, S part of Central Anatolian region and whole Mediterranean region (Ganglbauer, 1885; Pic, 1892a; Reitter, 1898a; Heyrovský, 1962; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Adlbauer, 1988; Sama, 1994; Lodos, 1998; Tauzin, 2000; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen, 2006, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2014c; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Ozdikmen et al., 2010; Sama et al., 2011, 2012; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Tezcan et al., 2020a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a). sanguinolenta Linnaeus, 1760: 196 (Leptura)

Range: E: AL AU BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT MC MD NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK YU A: AB AR GG KZ TR WS Body length. 8-14 mm. Adult period. May-September. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Picea orientalis, Pinus nigra, Pinus sylvestris.

The species has European or Sibero-European chorotype. It has been recorded from N, C and SC Anatolia: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Central Anatolian region, E part of Mediterranean region and NE parts of Eastern Anatolian region (Defne, 1954; Villiers, 1967; Sama, 1982; Öymen,

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1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu, 2001a; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen et al., 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a, 2011b, 2014c, 2019; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Tekin & Özdikmen, 2015).

Genus ETOROFUS Matsushita, 1933: 204 [type species Etorofus variicornis Matsushita, 1933 (= Etorofus nemurensis Matsushita, 1933)]

Subgenus ETOROFUS Matsushita, 1933: 204 [type species Etorofus variicornis Matsushita, 1933 (= Etorofus nemurensis Matsushita, 1933)] pubescens Fabricius, 1787: 158 (Leptura)

Range: E: AL AU BH BU BY CR CT CZ EN FI FR GE GR IT LA LT MC NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK YU A: ?GG TR Body length. 12-17 mm. Adult period. June-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus) and deciduous trees (Fagus, Quercus, Populus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus sylvestris.

The species has European chorotype. It has been recorded from W half of Anatolia: W parts of Black Sea region, NE part of Central Anatolian region, NE part of Aegean region and W parts of Mediterranean region (Villiers, 1967; Öymen, 1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Lodos, 1998; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2014c; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016).

Genus JUDOLIA Mulsant, 1863: 496 [type species Leptura sexmaculata Linnaeus, 1758] cerambyciformis Schrank, 1781: 154 (Leptura)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD ME NL NT PL PT RO SB SK SL SP ST SZ TR UK YU A: TR Body length. 6.5-13 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Pseudotsuga) and deciduous trees (Quercus, Carpinus, Alnus, Betula, Castanea, ?Populus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus sylvestris.

The species has European chorotype. It has been recorded from NW, NE and E Turkey: Marmara region, E parts of Black Sea region, Eastern Anatolian region (Sekendiz, 1981; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Lodos, 1998; Tozlu et al., 2002; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014c). sexmaculata Linnaeus, 1758: 398 (Leptura)

Range: E: AN AU BY CT CZ EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LT NR NT PL RO SK SP ST SV SZ UK A: KZ TR Body length. 7-15 mm.

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Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Polyphagous. Coniferous trees (Picea, Pinus, Larix, Abies) and deciduous trees (Populus, Tilia).

The species has European chorotype. It has been recorded only from NC Anatolia: C part of Black Sea region (Schimitschek, 1944; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014c).

Genus LEPTURA Linnaeus, 1758: 397 [type species Leptura quadrifasciata Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus LEPTURA Linnaeus, 1758: 397 [type species Leptura quadrifasciata Linnaeus, 1758] aethiops Poda von Neuhaus, 1761: 38

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BY CH CT CZ DE EN FR GE GR HU IT LA LS LT LU MD NL NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SZ UK YU A: ?AR ?AB ES FE FUJ ?GG GUX HEB HEI JA JIL JIX KZ MG NC QIN SC SHA TR WS YUN Body length. 10-17 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Alnus, Salix, Tilia, Corylus, Betula, Acer, Carpinus, Castanea, Quercus, Lithocarpus, Xylosma) strongly preferred and exceptionally coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Cryptomeria).

The species has Asiatic-European chorotype. It has been recorded only from NE Anatolia: E parts of Black Sea region (Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Lodos, 1998; Tauzin, 2000; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014c).

aurulenta Fabricius, 1793: 348

Range: E: AL AN AU BE BH BY BU CR CT CZ EN FR GE GB GR IR HU IT ?LA ?LT LU MC PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SZ TR UK YU N: AG TU A: TR Body length. 12-25 mm. Adult period. June-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Fagus, Alnus, Betula, Castanea, Juglans, Prunus, Populus, Salix, Tilia, Ulmus) strongly preferred and exceptionally coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea).

The species has Europeo-Mediterranean chorotype. It has been recorded only from N Turkey: Marmara region and Black Sea region (Lodos, 1998; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Turgut et al., 2010; Özdikmen, 2014c; Albayati et al., 2016).

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Body length. 10-23 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Alnus, Fagus, Salix, Populus, Quercus, Betula, Corylus, Tilia) strongly preferred and also reported from coniferous trees (Abies, Picea, Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Populus nigra, Quercus, Pinus nigra.

The species has Asiatic-European chorotype. It is represented by two subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies and L. quadrifasciata lederi. The nominative subspecies has been recorded only from European part of Marmara region, while L. quadrifasciata lederi has been recorded from Anatolia: Black Sea region, Eastern Anatolian region, N part of Central Anatolian region and E part of Mediterranean region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Villiers, 1967; Sekendiz, 1974, 1981; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Tozlu, 2001a; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a; Cihan et al., 2013; Özdikmen, 2014c; Georgiev et al., 2015; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Genus STRANGALIA Dejean, 1835: 355 [type species Leptura luteicornis Fabricius, 1775] attenuata Linnaeus, 1758: 398 (Leptura)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GE HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NR NT NE PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK A: AB AR ES FE HEB GG JA JIX KZ MG NC NE SC SW TR WS XIN Body length. 9-18 mm. Adult period. June-September. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Corylus, Quercus, Tilia, Betula, Alnus, Cornus, Castanea, Fagus, Populus, Ulmus, Xylosma) preferred and coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea).

The species has Asiatic-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N and E Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Eastern Anatolian region (Villiers, 1967; Fuchs et Breuning, 1971; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014c; Albayati et al., 2016).

Genus RUTPELA Nakane & K. Ohbayashi, 1957: 242 [type species Leptura maculata Poda von Neuhaus, 1761]

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Body length. 13-20 mm. Adult period. April-September. Hosts. Polyphagous. Deciduous trees (Carpinus, Quercus, Fagus, Rubus, Cistus, Alnus, Betula, Corylus, Castanea, Fraxinus, Crataegus,Populus, Salix) preferred, rarely coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies, Picea) and shrubs (Sambucus, Euonymus, Cytisus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Picea orientalis, Pinus brutia, Fagus orientalis, Rubus sp., Cistus creticus.

The species has European chorotype. It is represented by two subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies and R. maculata irmasanica. The nominative subspecies has been recorded from five of seven Turkish regions except for Aegean and South-Eastern Anatolian regions. R. maculata irmasanica has been recorded only from SW Anatolia: W part of Mediterranean region (Pic, 1892a; Schimitschek, 1944; Villiers, 1959; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Gfeller, 1972; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Adlbauer, 1992; Sama, 1996; Alkan, 2000; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen et al., 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a, 2011a,b, 2012a, 2014c; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Özdikmen et al., 2010a, 2012a; Sama et al., 2012; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Albayati et al., 2016; Varlı et al., 2019). manca Schaufuss, 1863: 121 (Strangalia)

Range: E: BU FR GB IT PL PT SP ST TR UK A: AB AR GG IN TR SY Body length. 11.5-20 mm. Adult period. May-July. Hosts. Very likely similar to R. maculata. Polyphagous. Deciduous trees (Carpinus, Quercus, Fagus, Rosa, Rubus, Cistus etc.) preferred and rarely coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies).

The species has Turano-European chorotype. Turkish records known to be precisely this species are only presented below. All old records unconfirmed are presented under R. maculata maculata (Özdikmen, 2011b, 2014c; Özdikmen et al., 2012a,d; Albayati et al., 2016; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Genus STENURELLA Villiers, 1974: 214 [type species Leptura melanura Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus STENURELLA Villiers, 1974: 214 [type species Leptura melanura Linnaeus, 1758]

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Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NT NR PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR YU UK MD A: ?GG ?AR ?AB ES FE JA KZ MG TR WS XIN Body length. 6-12 mm. Adult period. April-September. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea, Pinus, Juniperus, Abies, Pseudotsuga), deciduous trees (Salix, Quercus, Crataegus, Rubus, Corylus, Acer, Cornus, Carpinus, Fagus) and shrubs (Sambucus, Cytisus, Chamaecytisus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus brutia, Corylus avellana.

The species has Asiatic-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N, W and SW Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Aegean region, NW part of Central Anatolian region and E part of Mediterranean region (Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Tuatay et al., 1972; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1975; Sama, 1982; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1989; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2012e, 2013d, 2014c; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Albayati et al., 2016).

Subgenus PRISCOSTENURELLA Özdikmen, 2013: 516 [type species Leptura bifasciata O.F.Müller, 1776: 93] bifasciata O. F. Müller, 1776: 93 (Leptura) bifasciata bifasciata O. F. Müller, 1776: 93 (Leptura) Range: E: AU BE BH BY CR CT CZ EN FR GE HU IT LA LS LT LU MD NL NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SZ TR UK YU A: AB AR ES GG IN IQ KZ TR WS XIN bifasciata limbiventris Reitter, 1898a: 21 (Strangalia) Range: A: GG TR bifasciata nigrosuturalis Reitter, 1895: 88 (Strangalia) Range: A: LE SY TR bifasciata safronovi Danilevsky, 2011: 2 (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR

Body length. 6-10 mm. Adult period. May-September. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Betula, Ulmus, Quercus, Ficus, Salix) strongly preferred, coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies) and shrubs (Rosa, Spartium). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus brutia, Quercus sp., Cistus cretissus.

The species has Sibero-European chorotype. It is widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from all Turkish regions. It is represented by four subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies (W half of Turkey), S. bifasciata limbiventris (NE and E Anatolia), S. bifasciata nigrosuturalis (S Anatolia) and S. bifasciata safronovi (SW Anatolia) (Fairmaire, 1884; Pic, 1892a; Reitter, 1895; Bodemeyer, 1900; Çanakçıoğlu, 1956; Villiers, 1959, 1967; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Gfeller, 1972; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Lodos, 1998; Rejzek & Hoskovec, 1999; Tauzin, 2000, 2001; Sama & Rapuzzi, 2000; Tozlu et al., 2002;

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Sama, 2002; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen et al., 2005, 2012a,c; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen & Okutaner, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011ab, 2013a,b,d, 2012a, 2014c, 2019; Özdikmen et al., 2009; Özdikmen et al., 2010a; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Sama et al., 2011; Danilevsky, 2011; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Tekin & Özdikmen, 2015; Özdikmen & Özdikmen, 2016; Albayati et al., 2016; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Tezcan et al., 2020a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Subfamily ASEMINAE J. Thomson, 1861

Tribe ASEMINI J. Thomson, 1861

Genus ARHOPALUS Audinet-Serville, 1834: 77 [type species Cerambyx rusticus Linnaeus, 1758] ferus Mulsant, 1839: 64 (Criocephalus)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LT LU MA MC MD NL NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK N: AG MO MR TU A: AB AR ES CY FE GG IS JO KZ LE NO NE SY TR WS AUSi Body length. 8.3-27 mm. Adult period. April-October. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix, Pseudotsuga). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus brutia, Pinus nigra, Pinus halepensis.

The species has Palaearctic + Australian chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from W half of Turkey: Marmara region, W and C parts of Black Sea region, Aegean region, NW and S parts of Central Anatolian region and almost whole Mediterranean region (Fairmaire, 1884; Alkan, 1946; Demelt, 1963; Villiers, 1967; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; Sama, 1982; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Lodos, 1998; Tozlu et al., 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2013c, 2014d; Özbek et al., 2015; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a). rusticus Linnaeus, 1758: 395 (Cerambyx) rusticus rusticus Linnaeus, 1758: 395 (Cerambyx) Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK N: MO A: AB AR ES FE FUJ GAN GG GUI HAI HEB HEI HUB IN JA JIL JIX KZ LIA MG NMO NC SC SCH SHA SHN TD TR WS YUN ZHE AUSi NTRi

Body length. 10-30 mm. Adult period. May-October. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix, Juniperus, Pseudotsuga, Cryptomeria, Cupressus, Chamaecyparis) but strongly preferred Pinus spp., and deciduous trees (Betula, Populus, Salix, Tilia, Ulmus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus brutia, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinea, Pinus nigra, Picea orientalis, Juniperus chinensis.

The species has Palaearctic + Neotropical + Australian chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded from N Turkey and W half of Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Aegean region, W half of Central Anatolian region, almost whole Mediterranean region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Alkan, 1946;

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Schimitschek, 1944; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Villiers, 1967; Demelt, 1967; Besçeli, 1969; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1975; Tosun, 1975; Sekendiz, 1981; Çanakçıoğlu, 1983; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Önder et al., 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu,2001; Tozlu, 2001a; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2013c, 2014d; Özdikmen et al., 2010a; Sama et al., 2012; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Özbek et al., 2015; Albayati et al., 2016; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Genus CEPHALOCRIUS Sharp, 1905: 148 [type species Criocephalus syriacus Reitter, 1895] syriacus Reitter, 1895: 86 (Criocephalus)

Range: E: AL AZ CR FR GR IT PT SP N: AG CI MO MR TU A: CY IS JO LE SY TR AUSi NTRi Body length. 12-23 mm. Adult period. May-November. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, very rarely Picea). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus brutia, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra, Pinus halepensis.

The species has Mediterranean + Neotropical + Australian chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N, W and S Anatolia: S part of Marmara region, W and E parts of Black Sea region, W parts of Aegean region, C part of Central Anatolian region, almost whole Mediterranean region and W parts of South-Eastern Anatolian region (Reitter, 1895; Pic, 1897a; Sharp, 1905; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Tosun, 1975; Villiers, 1978; Öymen, 1987; Sekendiz, 1981; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Tozlu et al., 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008b, 2011a, 2013a,c, 2014d; Özbek et al., 2015; Varlı et al., 2019).

Genus ASEMUM Eschscholtz, 1830: 66 [type species Cerambyx striatus Linnaeus, 1758] striatum Linnaeus, 1758: 396 (Cerambyx) striatum striatum Linnaeus, 1758: 396 (Cerambyx) Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MD NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK A: AB AR ES FE GG HEI JA JIL KI KZ LIA MG NC NMO SC WS TR XIN ZHE NAR NTR

Body length. 8-23 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix, Pseudotsuga, Cryptomeria) but Pinus spp. strongly preferred. In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra.

The species has Holarctic (Palaearctic + Nearctic) + Neotropical chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded from N and S Anatolia: Black Sea region, N parts of Central Anatolian region, C part of

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Mediterranean region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Villiers, 1967; Gfeller, 1972; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Tozlu, 2001a; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2013c, 2014d; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Özbek et al., 2015). tenuicorne Kraatz, 1879: 97 tenuicorne tenuicorne Kraatz, 1879: 97 Range: E: GR IT SP ST SV UK A: ?GG TR tenuicorne claricostulatum Özdikmen & Aytar, 2012a: 1253 (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR

Body length. 10-18 mm. Adult period. May-June. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus).

The species has S and E-European chorotype. It is represented by two subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies and A. tenuicorne claricostulatum. It has been recorded only from C and S Anatolia: N part of Central Anatolian region (as the nominative subspecies) and C and E parts of Mediterranean region (as A. tenuicorne claricostulatum) (Pic, 1892a; Demelt, 1967; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Svacha & Danilevsky, 1987; Lodos, 1998; Sama, 2002; Sama et al., 2012; Özdikmen, 2013c, 2014d; Özdikmen & Aytar, 2012).

Tribe TETROPIINI Seidlitz, 1891

Genus TETROPIUM Kirby, 1837: 174 [type species Tetropium cinnamopterum Kirby, 1837] castaneum Linnaeus, 1758: 396 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MD NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK YU A: AB AR ES FE FUJ GAN GG HEB HEI JA JIL KZ MG NC NIN NMO QIN SC SHA SHX TR WS XIN YUN ZHE Body length. 7.5-20 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea preferred, Abies, Pinus, Larix, Cedrus, Tsuga). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Abies nordmanniana, Picea orientalis.

The species has Palaearctic chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N Anatolia: W and E parts of Black Sea region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Defne, 1954; Erdem, 1968; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Çanakçıoğlu, 1983; Öymen, 1987; Önder et al., 1987; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2006a; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2013c, 2014d). fuscum Fabricius, 1787: 154 (Callidium) fuscum fuscum Fabricius, 1787: 154 (Callidium) Range: E: AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE HU IT LA LS LT MD NL

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NR NT PL RO SK SL ST SV SZ UK YU A: GG KZ TR WS XIN NAR

Body length. 8-27 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea preferred, Pinus, ?Abies). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Picea orientalis.

The species has Sibero-European + Nearctic chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded only from NE Anatolia: E part of Black Sea region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Erdem, 1968; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2006a; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2013c, 2014d).

Tribe NOTHORHININI Zagaikevich, 1991

Genus NOTHORHINA L. Redtenbacher, 1845: 109 [type species Callidium muricatum Dalman, 1817] punctata Fabricius, 1798: 149 (Callidium)

Range: E: AL AU BH BY BU CR CT CZ EN FI FR GE GR IT LA LT NR NT PL PT SK SP ST SV UK A: JA KZ TR WS Body length. 6-13 mm. Adult period. June-September. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra.

The species has Sibero-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N and SC Anatolia: C and E parts of Black Sea region andE part of Mediterranean region (Svacha & Danilevsky, 1986; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2006a; Danilevsky, 2012b; Özdikmen, 2013c, 2014d).

Subfamily SAPHANINAE Gistel, 1848

Tribe SAPHANINI Gistel, 1848

Genus OXYPLEURUS Mulsant, 1839: 57 [type species Oxypleurus nodieri Mulsant, 1839] nodieri Mulsant, 1839: 57

Range: E: CR BH FR GR IT PT SP UK N: AG CI MO MR TU A: GG TR Body length. 10-16 mm. Adult period. January-February, April-June, October-December. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies) but Pinus strongly preferred and exceptionally deciduous trees (Acer). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus halepensis.

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The species has Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from SW Anatolia: W and C parts of Mediterranean region (Demelt, 1963; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2006a; Özdikmen, 2011a, 2013c, 2014d; Özbek et al., 2015).

Subfamily SPONDYLIDINAE Audinet-Serville, 1832

Tribe SPONDYLIDINI Audinet-Serville, 1832

Genus SPONDYLIS Fabricius, 1775: 159 [type species Attelabus buprestoides Linnaeus, 1758] buprestoides Linnaeus, 1758: 388 (Attelabus)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IT LA LT LU MC MD NL NR NT PL PT RO SK ST SL SP SV SZ UK YU N: MO A: AB ANH AR ES FE FUJ GG GUA GUI HAI HEB HEI HEN HKG HUB JA JIA JIX KZ MG NMO NC SC SCH SHA TAI TR WS YUN ZHE Body length. 10-26 mm. Adult period. May-September. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus strongly preferred, Picea, Abies, Larix, Cupressus, Pseudotsuga, Chamaecyparis, Cryptomeria, Cunninghamia) and occasionally deciduous trees (Quercus, Paulownia). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra, Picea orientalis, Abies cilicica.

The species has Palaearctic chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N and S Anatolia: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Mediterranean region, S part of Aegean region, N parts of Central Anatolian region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Pic, 1892a; Schimitschek, 1944; Erdem, 1947; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1968; Çanakçıoğlu, 1956; Villiers, 1967; Demelt, 1967; Besçeli, 1969; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu, 2001a; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a, 2011a,b, 2013c, 2014d; Özdikmen et al., 2010a; Sama et al., 2012; Al- Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Özbek, Özdikmen & Aytar, 2015; Varlı et al., 2020).

Subfamily CERAMBYCINAE Latreille, 1802

Tribe ACHRYSONINI Lacordaire, 1868

Genus ICOSIUM P. H. Lucas, 1854: viii [type species Icosium tomentosum P. H. Lucas, 1854] tomentosum P. H. Lucas, 1854: ix tomentosum atticum Ganglbauer, 1882: 743 (tomen. var.) Range: E: BH BU CR CY FRi GR IT MA A: AB CY JO IS SY TR

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Body length. 8-21 mm. Adult period. June-August, October-November. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Cupressaceae: Juniperus, Cupressus, Thuja, Callitris, Tetraclinis, etc., and Pinaceae: Picea, Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Thuja orientalis, Cupressus sempervirens.

The species has Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented by I. tomentosum atticum in Turkey. It has been recorded from W and SW Anatolia: SW part of Marmara region, NW part of Aegean region andW parts of Mediterranean region (Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Tozlu et al., 2002; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen, 2008b, 2011a, 2014f; Özbek et al., 2015).

Tribe HESPEROPHANINI Mulsant, 1839

Genus TRICHOFERUS Wollaston, 1854: 427 [type species Trichoferus senex Wollaston, 1854 (= Trichoferus fasciculatus senex Wollaston, 1854] fasciculatus Faldermann, 1837: 266 (Hesperophanes) fasciculatus fasciculatus Faldermann, 1837: 266 (Hesperophanes) Range: E: AL BU CR FR GR IT MA PT RO SP UK YU N: AG EG LB MO TU A: AB AR CY GG IN IQ IS JO LE SY TR

Body length. 8-16 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Probably polyphagous. Many deciduous trees and shrubs (Ficus probably preferred, Quercus, Acacia, Prunus, Sorbus, Castanea, Ulmus, Morus, Robinia, Ceratonia, Pistacia, Ziziphus, Coronilla, Rhus, Nerium, Vitis, Paliurus, Spartium, Punica, Rubus, Cytisus etc.) strongly preferred, also reported from coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies, Cedrus, Picea). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Ficus carica, Quercus, Ceratonia siliqua.

The species has Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded from N, W and SW Anatolia: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Aegean region, N part of Central Anatolian region and W parts of Mediterranean region (Pic, 1896b; İyriboz, 1940; İren & Ahmed, 1973; Adlbauer, 1992; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Tezcan & Rejzek, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2013a, 2014f; Tezcan & Can, 2009; Özdikmen et al., 2009; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Abacıgil et al., 2019; Varlı et al., 2019; Balbakan et al., 2019; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a). griseus Fabricius, 1793: 325 (Callidium)

Range: E: AL BH BU CR FR GR IT MA PT RO SP ?ST TR YU UK N: AG EG LB MO TU A: CY ?GG IQ IS JO LE SY TR Body length. 9-21 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Probably polyphagous. Deciduous trees (Ficus preferred, Quercus, Castanea, Ceratonia, Pistacia, Acacia, Prunus) strongly preferred, also reported from coniferous trees

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(Pinus) and shrubs (Rosa, Nerium). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Ficus carica, Quercus, Pinus brutia.

The species has Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from NW, W and S Turkey: European part of Marmara region, Aegean region, S part of Central Anatolian region and almost whole Mediterranean region (İyriboz, 1940; Bodenheimer, 1941, 1958; Alkan, 1946; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; İren & Ahmed, 1973; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Tozlu et al., 2002; Tezcan & Rejzek, 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen et al., 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen, 2008b, 2011a, 2013a, 2014f; Tezcan & Can, 2009; Sama et al., 2012; Özbek et al., 2015; Albayati et al., 2016; Balbakan et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a). kotschyi Ganglbauer, 1883: 300 (Hesperophanes)

Range: E: GR (Samos) A: LE SY TR Body length. 12-22 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Probably polyphagous. Deciduous trees (Fraxinus, Crataegus, Lentiscus, Ficus, Ceratonia, Cercis, Quercus, Acer, Cotinus) strongly preferred and also reported from coniferous trees (Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Ficus carica, Ceratonia siliqua, Lentiscus, Cerris siliquastrum, Pinus brutia. The species has E-Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from W and SW Anatolia: Aegean region, W parts of Mediterranean region (Ganglbauer, 1883; Demelt, 1963; Adlbauer, 1988; Lodos, 1998; Sama & Makris, 2001; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Tezcan & Can, 2009; Özdikmen, 2011a, 2014f; Özbek et al., 2015; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Cebeci et al., 2018; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Genus STROMATIUM Audinet-Serville, 1834: 80 [type species Callidium barbatum Fabricius, 1775] auratum Böber, 1793: 135 (Saperda)

Range: E: AL BH BU CR FR GR HU IT MA MC PT RO SP ST TR UK YU N: AG MO TU LB A: AB AR CY GG IN IQ IS JO LE SY TM TR Body length. 12.5-32 mm. Adult period. January, April-August, October-December. Hosts. Polyphagous in dead dry wood of various coniferous (incl. Pinus) and deciduous trees, but preferring deciduous trees. In Turkey, this species has been reported on Quercus conferta, Robinia pseudacacia, Fagus orientalis, Citrus aurantium, Flueggea anatolica, Pistacia lentiscus, Platanus, Abies, Larix.

The species has Mediterranean chorotype. It is widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from all Turkish regions (Pic, 1892a; Schimitschek, 1944; Tuatay et al., 1972; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Özbek, 1978; Sekendiz, 1981; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992;

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Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Tozlu et al., 2002; Özdikmen & Çağlar, 2004; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen et al., 2005; Özdikmen & Okutaner, 2006; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2013a, 2014f; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Bahadıroğlu et al., 2009; Özdikmen et al., 2010a; Sama et al., 2011; Özbek, Özdikmen & Aytar, 2015; Tezcan et al., 2020a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Tribe PURPURICENINI J. Thomson, 1861

Genus PURPURICENUS Dejean, 1821: 105 [type species Cerambyx kaehleri Linnaeus, 1758] neocaucasicus Rapuzzi & Sama, 2013: 156 (ENDEMIC)

Range: A: TR Body length. 13-17 mm. Adult period. June-July, September. Hosts. Probably polyphagous. Coniferous trees (Pinus) and very probably also deciduous trees. In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus nigra.

The species has Anatolian chorotype. It has been recorded from N and W Anatolia: Black Sea region, Aegean region, N part of Central Anatolian region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Rapuzzi & Sama, 2013; Danilevsky, 2015b).

Tribe GRACILIINI Mulsant, 1839

Genus GRACILIA Audinet-Serville, 1834: 81 [type species Callidium pygmaeum Fabricius, 1793 (= Saperda minuta Fabricius, 1781)] minuta Fabricius, 1781: 235 (Saperda)

Range: E: AL AU AZ BE BH BU CR CT CZ DE ?EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT KZ ?LA LT LU MA MD NL NT NR PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU N: AG CI EG MO MR TU A: AB AR GG HEN IN NE NO NW SHA TR WS AURi NARi NTRi ORR Body length. 2.5-7 mm. Adult period. January, May-September, November-December. Hosts. Polyphagous on deciduous trees (Rubus, Salix, Castanea, Prunus, Acer, Pistacia, Betula, Ceratonia, Carpinus, Corylus, Fagus, Quercus, Aesculus, Juglans, Ficus, Crataegus, Malus, Prunus, Pyrus, Ulmus, Zelkova, Citrus, Frangula, Pterocarya, Euonymus, Cassia), also on coniferous trees (Abies, Cedrus, Pinus) and shrubs (Rosa, Sorbus, Rubus, Rhamnus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Castanea sativa, Prunus dulcis, Prunus avium.

The species has Subcosmopolitan chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from NW Turkey: Marmara region (Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; İren & Ahmed, 1973; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen, 2008a, 2014g; Tezcan et al., 2020a).

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Genus PENICHROA Stephens, 1839: 270 [type species Callidium fasciatum Stephens, 1839] fasciata Stephens, 1831: 250 (Callidium)

Range: E: AL BH BU CR FR GR IT MA MC PT SL SP ST TR UK YU N: AG LB MO TU A: AB AR CY GG IN IS SY TR Body length. 6-15 mm. Adult period. May-September. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Juglans, Ficus, Populus, Prunus, Castanea, Ceratonia, Quercus, Pistacia, Cercis, Fagus, Acacia, Morus, Eucalyptus, Pyrus, Salix, Zelkova, Carya, Sorbus, Argania) and shrubs (Paliurus, Cytisus, Glycyrrhiza), and also reported from coniferous trees (Pinus, Cupressus, Thuja). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus pinea, Ceratonia siliqua, Quercus, Paliurus.

The species has Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from W half of Anatolia: Marmara region, C parts of Black Sea region, N parts of Central Anatolian region and Mediterranean region (Tosun, 1975; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a, 2011a, 2014g; Özdikmen et al., 2009; Özdikmen et al., 2012c; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Tekin & Özdikmen, 2015; Tezcan et al., 2020a).

Tribe OBRIINI Mulsant, 1839

Genus OBRIUM Dejean, 1821: 110 [type species Cerambyx cantharinus Linnaeus, 1767] brunneum Fabricius, 1793: 316 (Saperda)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MD NL NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK YU A: AB AR GG TR Body length. 4-7 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea, Abies, Pinus, Larix, Pseudotsuga). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Picea orientalis, Abies nordmanniana, Abies cilicica.

The species has European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N and SC Anatolia: Marmara region, Black Sea region and C part of Mediterranean region (Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Sekendiz, 1991; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005 ; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011b, 2014g).

Tribe DEILINI Fairmaire, 1864

Genus DELAGRANGEUS Pic, 1892b: xciii [type species Delagrangeus angustissimus Pic, 1892]

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Subgenus DELAGRANGEUS Pic, 1892b: xciii [type species Delagrangeus angustissimus Pic, 1892] angustissimus Pic, 1892b: xciii angustissimus angustissimus Pic, 1892b: xciii (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR

Body length. 6-12 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Juniperus, Cupressus, Pinus) and also deciduous trees (Quercus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Juniperus sabina, Juniperus syriacus, Juniperus sp. and Quercus sp..

The species has E-Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented only by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded from NC and S Anatolia: C part of Black Sea region, S part of Central Anatolian region, Spart of South-Eastern Anatolian region and almost whole Mediterranean region (Pic, 1892b, 1920; Reitter, 1899; Demelt, 1963; Holzschuh, 1975; Adlbauer, 1988; Sama & Rapuzzi, 1999; Sama et al., 2011, 2012; Özdikmen, 2011a, 2012b, 2014g; Özbek et al., 2015; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Tribe HYLOTRUPINI Zagajkevitch, 1991

Genus HYLOTRUPES Audinet-Serville, 1834: 77 [type species Cerambyx bajulus Linnaeus, 1758] bajulus Linnaeus, 1758: 396 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AU BE BU BH BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MA MC MD NL NR NT PL PT RO SK SP ST SV SV SZ TR UK YU N: AG CI EG LB MO MR TU A: AB AR CY GG IQ IS JO JIA LE SHG SY TR WS AFR AUR NAR NTR ORR Body length. 7-21 mm. Adult period. January-December. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix, Pseudotsuga) and deciduous trees (Alnus, Corylus, Quercus, Acacia, Malus, Populus, Genista), and also shrubs (Tamarix, Conium). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus nigra, Pinus brutia, Pinus sylvestris, Abies nordmanniana, Picea orientalis.

The species has Cosmopolitan chorotype. It is widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from six of seven Turkiah regions except for South- Eastern Anatolian region (Fairmaire, 1884; Pic, 1892a; Bodemeyer, 1906; Bodenheimer, 1941, 1958; Acatay, 1943, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1968; Schimitschek, 1944; Alkan, 1946; Defne, 1954; Çanakçıoğlu, 1956, 1983; Villiers, 1959, 1967; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Erdem, 1968; Besçeli, 1969; Tuatay et al., 1972; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; Tosun, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Özbek, 1978; Sekendiz, 1981, 1991; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Yüksel, 1996; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Kanat, 1998; Lodos, 1998; Sama & Rapuzzi, 2000; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu, 2001a,b; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen, et al., 2005, 2010, 2012c; Özdikmen & Okutaner, 2006; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2014g; Bahadıroğlu et al., 2009; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Küçükkaykı et al.,

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2013; Özbek et al., 2015; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Albayati et al., 2016; Özdikmen & Özdikmen, 2016; Varlı et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Tribe CALLIDIINI Kirby, 1837

Genus ROPALOPUS Mulsant, 1839: 40 [type species Callidium clavipes Fabricius, 1775]

Subgenus ROPALOPUS Mulsant, 1839: 40 [type species Callidium clavipes Fabricius, 1775] clavipes Fabricius, 1775: 188 (Callidium)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE FR GE GR HU IT LA LT LU MA MC MD NL NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SZ TR UK YU A: AB AR GG FE IN KZ IQ TR WS Body length. 9-25 mm. Adult period. May-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Acer, Alnus, Castanea, Fagus, Quercus, Malus, Prunus, Pistacia, Corylus, Juglans, Crataegus, Populus, Salix, Tilia, Ulmus) strongly preferred, also peported from coniferous trees (Pinus, Cedrus, Abies, Picea) and also shrubs (Rhamnus, Paliurus, Frangula, Vitis). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Fagus, Quercus conferta, Castanea vesca, C. sativa, Pyrus malus, Carpinus, Paliurus, Cerasus avium, Cedrus libani.

The species has Sibero-European chorotype. It is widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from all Turkiah regions (Pic, 1892a; Bodemeyer, 1906; Acatay, 1943; Schimitschek, 1944; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972, 1975; İren & Ahmed, 1973; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Ulusoy et al., 1999; Rejzek & Hoskovec, 1999; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Tezcan & Rejzek, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen, et al., 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a,b, 2013a, 2014g; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Al- Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Georgiev et al., 2015; Özbek et al., 2015; Tekin & Özdikmen, 2015; Albayati et al., 2016; Cebeci et al., 2018; Tezcan et al., 2020a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a). femoratus Linnaeus, 1758: 395 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AU BE BH BU CR CT CZ FR GE HU IT LA LU MD PL RO SK SL SP SV SZ TR UK Body length. 7-14 mm. Adult period. May-July. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Corylus, Castanea, Juglans, Malus, Prunus, Acer, Betula, Fagus, Alnus, Ostrya, Carpinus, Tilia) strongly preferred, shrubs (Rosa, Vitis) and also reported from coniferous trees (Picea, Pinus).

The species has European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from NW Turkey: European part of Marmara region (Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Özdikmen, 2008a, 2014g).

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Range: E: AU BH BU BY CR CT CZ GE HU LA LT MD PL RO SK SL ST SZ TR UK YU A: AB AR GG IN TR Body length. 7-14 mm. Adult period. March-August, October. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Alnus, Castanea, Juglans, Acer, Cornus, Fagus, Malus, Populus, Salix, Tilia, Ulmus) strongly preferred, rarely coniferous trees (Abies, Pinus) and also shrubs (Rosa). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Quercus, Alnus, Castanea, Abies, Pinus.

The species has European or Turano-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Acatay, 1943; Schimitschek, 1944; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Villiers, 1967; Sekendiz, 1981; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Lodos, 1998; Tauzin, 2000; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014g).

Genus CALLIDIUM Fabricius, 1775: 187 [type species Cerambyx violaceus Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus CALLIDIUM Fabricius, 1775: 187 [type species Cerambyx violaceus Linnaeus, 1758] syriacum Pic, 1892b: cxi

Range: A: SY TR Body length. 8-15 mm. Adult period. May-June. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Cedrus, Abies). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Cedrus libani, Abies cilicica.

The species has SW-Asiatic (Syro-Anatolian) chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from S Anatolia: Almost whole Mediterranean region and W part of South-Eastern Anatolian region (Pic, 1892a; Sama, 1992; Sama & Rapuzzi, 2000, 2002; Sama et al., 2012; Özdikmen, 2011a, 2014g; Özbek et al., 2015). violaceum Linnaeus, 1758: 395 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MD NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK YU A: AB AR ES FE GG HEI JA JIL KZ MG NC NMO SC TAI TR WS XIN Body length. 8-16 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Larix, Abies, Pseudotsuga) and also deciduous trees (Alnus, Carpinus, Castanea, Fagus, Quercus, Fagara, Populus, Salix). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Abies sp..

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The species has Asiatic-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from NW Anatolia: W part of Black Sea region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Besçeli, 1969; Öymen, 1987; Lodos, 1998; Cebeci et al., 2011; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014g).

Subgenus CALLIDOSTOLA Reitter, 1913: 37 [type species Cerambyx aeneum DeGeer, 1775] aeneum DeGeer, 1775: 89 (Cerambyx) aeneum longipenne Plavilstshikov, 1940: 300 Range: E: ST A: AB GG TR aeneum pilosicollis Özdikmen & Aytar, 2014: 599 (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR

Body length. 7.5-15 mm. Adult period. May-July. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix, Cedrus, Juniperus, Pseudotsuga) and also deciduous trees (Fagus, Quercus, Betula, Acer). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Picea orientalis, Pinus sylvestris, Abies nordmanniana.

The species has Sibero-European chorotype. It is represented by two subspecies in Turkey as C. aeneum longipenne and C. aeneum pilosicollis. It has been recorded from NE and SC Anatolia: E parts of Black Sea region (as C. aeneum longipenne) and C, E parts of Mediterranean region (as C. aeneum pilosicollis) (Pic, 1892a; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Sekendiz, 1981; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Sekendiz, 1991; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen & Aytar, 2014; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2014g; Özbek et al., 2015; Varlı et al., 2019).

Genus PYRRHIDIUM Fairmaire, 1864: 133 [type species Cerambyx sanguineus Linnaeus, 1758] sanguineum Linnaeus, 1758: 396 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE ?EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT ?LA LS LT LU MD NL NR NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU N: AG TU A: AB AR GG IN SY TR Body length. 6-16 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Betula, Carpinus, Castanea, Fagus, Aesculus, Malus, Pyrus, Ulmus) strongly preferred and also reported from coniferous trees (Picea, Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Quercus, Picea orientalis.

The species has Europeo-Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N, W and SC Turkey: European part of Marmara region, C, E parts of Black Sea region, W part of Aegean region and E part of Mediterranean region (Pic, 1892a; Acatay, 1943, 1948, 1961, 1968; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Özdikmen,

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2007, 2008a; Cebeci et al., 2011; Özdikmen, 2014g; Tezcan et al., 2020a; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Genus PHYMATODES Mulsant, 1839: 47 [type species Cerambyx variabilis Linnaeus, 1760 (= Cerambyx testaceus Linnaeus, 1758)]

Subgenus PHYMATODES Mulsant, 1839: 47 [type species Cerambyx variabilis Linnaeus, 1760 (= Cerambyx testaceus Linnaeus, 1758)] testaceus Linnaeus, 1758: 396 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NR NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU N: AG MO MR TU A: AB AR CY FE GG IQ IS JA KZ LI NC TR SC SY WS Body length. 6-18 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Probably polyphagous. Deciduous trees (Quercus strongly preferred, Carpinus, Fagus, Acer, Alnus and others) preferred and also reported from coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies, Tsuga). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Quercus conferta, Quercus ithaburensis, Quercus cerris, Carpinus, Picea orientalis, Pinus.

The species has Palaearctic chorotype. It is widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from six of seven Turkish regions except for Aegean region (Pic, 1892a; Bodemeyer, 1906; Acatay, 1943, 1948, 1961, 1968; Schimitschek, 1944; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Rejzek & Hoskovec, 1999; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a, 2011a, 2013a, 2014g; Cebeci et al., 2011; Özdikmen et al., 2012a,c; Sama et al., 2011, 2012; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Georgiev et al., 2015; Özbek et al., 2015; Tekin & Özdikmen, 2015; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Albayati et al., 2016; Özdikmen & Özdikmen, 2016; Balbakan et al., 2019; Varlı et al., 2019; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a).

Tribe CLYTINI Mulsant, 1839

Genus XYLOTRECHUS Chevrolat, 1860: 456 [type species Clytus sartorii Chevrolat, 1860]

Subgenus RUSTICOCLYTUS Vives, 1977: 130 [type species Leptura rustica Linnaeus, 1758] rusticus Linnaeus, 1758: 398 (Leptura)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GE GR HU IT LA LT LU MC MD NR NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ UK YU N: AG MO A: AB AR ES FE GG IN KZ MG NC SC TD TM TR WS Body length. 8-21 mm. Adult period. May-September. Hosts. Deciduous trees (especially in Populus, also in Fagus, Salix, Betula, Acer, Tilia etc.) strongly preferred and also reported from coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Populus x euramericana, Populus tremula, Populus nigra, Fagus, Quercus, Pinus.

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The species has Asiatic-Europeo-Mediterranean chorotype. It is widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from six of seven Turkish regions except for South-Eastern Anatolian region (Pic, 1892a; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Demelt, 1963; Fuchs et Breuning, 1971; Sekendiz, 1974; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Tozlu, 2001a; Tozlu et al., 2002; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005 ; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2014h; Sama et al., 2012; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Georgiev et al., 2015; Tekin & Özdikmen, 2015; Varlı et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020a).

Genus CLYTUS Laicharting, 1784: 88 [type species Leptura arietis Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus CLYTUS Laicharting, 1784: 88 [type species Leptura arietis Linnaeus, 1758] arietis Linnaeus, 1758: 399 (Leptura) arietis arietis Linnaeus, 1758: 399 (Leptura) Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE ES FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NR NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU N: MR A: TR arietis oblitus Roubal, 1932: 17 Range: E: ST A: AB AR GG TR

Body length. 6-15 mm. Adult period. May-July. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Fagus, Carpinus, Castanea, Corylus, Juglans, Crataegus, Sarothamnus, Robinia, Rosa, Ficus, Ostrya, Salix, Morus, Vitis, Fraxinus, Prunus, Ulmus, Ilex) and occasionally coniferous trees (Juniperus, Picea, Pinus) and also shrubs (Cytisus, Rosa, Vitis) and herbs (Vicia faba). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Quercus sp..

The species has Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented by two subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies and C. arietis oblitus. It has been recorded from N Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, N parts of Central Anatolian region and N parts of Eastern Anatolian region (as the nominative subspecies), and E part of Black Sea region (as C. arietis oblitus) (Bodemeyer, 1906; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Demelt, 1963; Villiers, 1967; Gfeller, 1972; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1972; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a, 2011b, 2014h; Özdikmen & Turgut, 2009b; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Georgiev et al., 2015; Albayati et al., 2016; Tezcan et al., 2020a).

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Subfamily STENOPTERINAE Gistel, 1848

Tribe MOLORCHINI Gistel, 1848

Genus MOLORCHUS Fabricius, 1793: 356 [type species Necydalis umbellatarum Schreber, 1759]

Subgenus CAENOPTERA C. G. Thomson, 1859: 150 [type species Necydalis minor Linnaeus, 1758] minor Linnaeus, 1758: 421 (Necydalis) minor minor Linnaeus, 1758: 421 (Necydalis) Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MD NL NR NT PL RO SK SL ST SV SZ UK YU A: BEI ES FE GAN GG HEI LIA KZ MG NC QIN SC SHA TR WS XIN NTRi

Body length. 6-16 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea, Abies, Cedrus, Larix, Cupressus, Pinus, Pseudotsuga) and also reported from deciduous trees (Betula). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Abies cilicica, Picea orientalis, Cedrus libani.

The species has Asiatic-European + Neotropical chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded from N and S Anatolia: Marmara region, Black Sea region, NE parts of Eastern Anatolian region and almost whole Mediterranean region (Bodemeyer, 1900; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Demelt, 1967; Tosun, 1975; Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011a, 2014e).

Subgenus MOLORCHUS Fabricius, 1793: 356 [type species Necydalis umbellatarum Schreber, 1759] kiesenwetteri Mulsant & Rey, 1861: 189 kiesenwetteri hircus Abeille de Perrin, 1881: 133 Range: E: ST ?TR A: AB AR GG IN TR

Body length: 4-8.5 mm. Adult period: April-August. Hosts: Deciduous trees preferred (Prunus, Amygdalus, Malus, Cerasus, Juglans, Crataegus, Salix) and coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies, Cedrus), and also shrubs (Rosa, Rhus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Cerasus avium, Juglans regia, Prunus sp..

The species has European chorotype. It is represented by the subspecies M. kiesenwetteri hircus in Turkey. It is rather widely distributed in Turkey. It has been recorded from five of seven Turkish regions except for Eastern Anatolian region and South-Eastern Anatolian region (Bodemeyer, 1900; Pic, 1912a; Reitter, 1912; Villiers, 1967;

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Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Adlbauer, 1988; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Sama, 1995; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Tauzin, 2000; Sama & Rapuzzi, 2000; Tezcan & Rejzek, 2002; Sama, 2002; Turgut & Özdikmen, 2010; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011a, 2012b, 2014e; Özbek et al., 2015; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020a). marmottani Brisout de Barneville, 1863: 118 marmottani frischi Sama, 1995: 373 (Glaphyra) (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR marmottani marmottani Brisout de Barneville, 1863: 118 Range: E: AU BU CT CZ FR GE IT PL SK SP ST SZ A: TR

Body length. 5-9 mm. Adult period. April-July. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies, Picea). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus sp..

The species has C- and S-European chorotype. It is represented by two subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies and M. marmottani frischi. It has been recorded only from NE and SC Anatolia: NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (as the nominative subspecies) and E part of Mediterranean region (as M. marmottani frischi) (Adlbauer, 1992; Tauzin, 2000; Sama, 1995, 2002; Lodos, 1998; Özdikmen, 2011a, 2012b, 2014e).

Tribe PSEBIINI Lacordaire, 1868

Genus NATHRIUS Bréthes, 1916: 76 [type species Nathrius porteri Bréthes, 1916 (= Leptidea brevipennis Mulsant, 1839)] brevipennis Mulsant, 1839: 105 (Leptidea)

Range: E: AU AZ BE BH BU CR CZ DEi FIi GB GE HU IR IT MA MC MD NL NRi PL PT RO SK ST SL SP SVi SZ TR UK YU N: AG EG LB MO TU A: AB AR GG IN IS KZ LE SHX SY TR Body length. 2.7-7 mm. Adult period. January, March-September, November-December. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Salix, Quercus, Ceratonia, Ficus etc.) strongly preferred and rarely coniferous trees (Abies, Cedrus, Pinus, Cupressus) and also shrubs and creepers (Viburnum, Hedera). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Juglans regia, Ceratonia siliqua, Ficus carica, Salix, Quercus, Abies.

The species has Centralasiatic-Europeo- Mediterranean chorotype. It has been recorded only from W and S Turkey: Marmara region, Aegean region, Almost whole Mediterranean region and S part of Central Anatolian region (Acatay, 1943; Schimitschek, 1944; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Sama, 2002; Malmusi & Saltini, 2005; Sama et al., 2012; Özdikmen, 2008a,b, 2011a, 2014e; Özbek et al., 2015).

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Subfamily LAMIINAE Latreille, 1825

Tribe MONOCHAMINI Gistel, 1848

Genus MONOCHAMUS Dejean, 1821: 106 [type species Cerambyx sutor Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus MONOCHAMUS Dejean, 1821: 106 [type species Cerambyx sutor Linnaeus, 1758] galloprovincialis Olivier, 1795: No. 67: 125 (Cerambyx) galloprovincialis pistor Germar, 1818: 242 (Lamia) Range: E: AL AU BH BU BY CR CT CZ EN FI FR GE GR HU IT LA LT MC MD NL NT PL RO SK SL ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: KI KZ WS galloprovincialis tauricola Pic, 1912b: 18 Range: A: JO SY TR galloprovincialis transitivus Lazarev, 2017: 18 Range: A: AB AR GG ST TR

Body length. 12-26 mm. Adult period. April-September. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Larix). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra, Pinus brutia, Pinus halepensis, Picea orientalis.

The species has Centralasiatic-Europeo- Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented by three subspecies in Turkey as M. galloprovincialis pistor, M. galloprovincialis tauricola and M. galloprovincialis transitivus. It has been recorded from N and S Turkey: European part of Marmara region (as M. galloprovincialis pistor), E part of Black Sea region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (as M. galloprovincialis transitivus), and Anatolian part of Marmara region, Black Sea region, S parts of Aegean and Central Anatolian regions, almost whole Mediterranean region (as M. galloprovincialis tauricola) (Pic, 1912b; Schimitschek, 1944; Erdem, 1947, 1968; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; Tosun, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Sekendiz, 1981; Çanakçıoğlu, 1983; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Önder et al., 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu, 2001a; Sama, 2002; Tozlu et al., 2003; Özdikmen et al., 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a,b; Turgut & Ozdikmen, 2010; Sama et al., 2012; Yardibi & Tozlu, 2013; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Albayati et al., 2016; Lazarev, 2017; Varlı et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020b; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b). sartor Fabricius, 1787: 137 (Lamia)

Range: E: AU BH BU BY CR CZ EN FR GB GE HU IT LA LS LT PL RO SK SL SZ UK YU A: TR Body length. 19-35 mm. Adult period. June-September. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea, rarely Pinus, Abies, Larix). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Picea orientalis, Pinus nigra.

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The species has European chorotype. It has been recorded from N Anatolia: SW part of Marmara region and W, E parts of Black Sea region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Besçeli, 1969; Öymen, 1987; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a; Bahadıroğlu et al., 2009).

Tribe LAMIINI Latreille, 1825

Genus MORIMUS Brullé, 1832: 258 [type species Lamia lugubris Fabricius, 1793 (= Cerambyx asper Sulzer, 1776)] orientalis Reitter, 1894a: 43

Range: E: BU TR A: TR Body length. 16-38.5 mm. Adult period. May-July. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Castanea, Quercus, Fagus, Populus, Prunus) and rarely coniferous trees (Pinus, Abies) and also shrubs (Vitis). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Quercus conferta, Castanea sativa, Pinus maritima, Abies.

The species has Balkano-Anatolian chorotype. It has been recorded from W half of Turkey: Marmara region, Aegean region, Mediterranean region, W, C parts of Black Sea region and NW parts of Central Anatolian region (Reitter, 1894a; Bodemeyer, 1900, 1906; Schimitschek, 1944; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; İren & Ahmed, 1973; Sekendiz, 1974; Çanakçıoğlu, 1983; Önder et al., 1987; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Bringmann, 1996; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Kanat, 1998; Sama, 2002; Tozlu et al., 2003; Özdikmen & Hasbenli, 2004; Özdikmen et al., 2005; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen et al., 2009; Okutaner et al., 2011; Özdikmen, 2011b; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Georgiev et al., 2015; Tekin & Özdikmen, 2015; Şabanoğlu & Şen, 2016; Albayati et al., 2016; Varlı et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020b; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b). verecundus Faldermann, 1836: 396 (Lamia) verecundus verecundus Faldermann, 1836: 396 (Lamia) Range: E: ST UK(Crimea) A: AB AR GG IN TM TR

Body length. 15-38 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Fagus, Quercus, Carpinus, Juglans, Ficus, Alnus) and coniferous trees (Picea, Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Fagus orientalis, Quercus, Picea orientalis, Pinus sylvestris.

The species has Turano-Anatolian chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded only from N Anatolia: SW part of Marmara region, Black Sea region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Schimitschek, 1944; Villiers, 1959; Demelt, 1963; Breuning et Villiers, 1967; Özbek, 1978; Sekendiz, 1981, 1991;

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Sama, 1982; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Alkan, 2000; Sama, 2002; Tozlu et al., 2003; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Varlı et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020b; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b).

Genus LAMIA Fabricius, 1775: 170 [type species Cerambyx textor Linnaeus, 1758] textor Linnaeus, 1758: 392 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LT LU MC MD NL NR NT PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: AB AR ES FE GG HEB HEI JA JIL KZ MG NC NMO SC SHN TR WS XIN Body length. 14-33 mm. Adult period. April-October. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Populus, Salix, Quercus, Morus, Betula, Alnus), and also reported from coniferous trees (Abies, Larix, Picea, Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Populus.

The species has Asiatic-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N Turkey: Marmara region and E part of Black Sea region (Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1968; Sekendiz, 1981; Öymen, 1987; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a; Tezcan et al., 2020b).

Tribe APODASYINI Lacordaire, 1872

Genus DEROPLIA Dejean, 1835: 348 [type species Saperda genei Aragona, 1830] troberti Mulsant, 1843: 283 (Stenidea) troberti orientalis Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020: 423 (ENDEMIC) A: TR

Body length. 10.25 mm. Adult period. April. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus).

The subspecies has Anatolian chorotype. It has been recorded only from SW Anatolia: S part of Aegean region (Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020c).

Tribe POGONOCHERINI Mulsant, 1839

Genus POGONOCHERUS Dejean, 1821: 107 [type species Cerambyx hispidus Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus POGONOCHERUS Dejean, 1821: 107 [type species Cerambyx hispidus Linnaeus, 1758]

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Range: E: GR (Rodos) A: CY SY TR Body length. 4-6 mm. Adult period. March-July. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus pinea, Pinus halepensis, Pinus brutia.

The species has E-Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from S Anatolia: Mediterranean region (Daniel & Daniel, 1898; Schimitschek, 1944; Demelt, 1963; Breuning, 1975; Tosun, 1975; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Lodos, 1998; Tauzin, 2000; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2011a; Lingafelter et al., 2014). barbarae Rapuzzi & Sama, 2012: 678

Range: A: SY TR Body length. 8 mm. Adult period. June-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus nigra.

The species has SW-Asiatic chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from SC Anatolia: E part of Mediterranean region (Rapuzzi & Sama, 2012; Sama et al., 2012).

eugeniae Ganglbauer, 1891: 131 eugeniae eugeniae Ganglbauer, 1891: 131 Range: E: AL AU BH CR CZ GR IT RO TR

Body length. 7-9 mm. Adult period. May-July. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Abies, Pinus).

The species has C- and E-European chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded only from NW Turkey: European part of Marmara region (Özdikmen et al., 2010b).

hispidulus Piller & Mitterpacher, 1783: 35 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ FR GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SZ UK YU N: MR A: AB AR GG KZ TR Body length. 5-9 mm. Adult period. March-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea) and deciduous trees (Carpinus, Ostrya, Cornus, Corylus, Castanea, Fagus, Quercus, Juglans, Crataegus, Malus, Populus, Tilia, Ulmus) and

Munis Entomology & Zoology Mun. Ent. Zool. https://www.munisentzool.org/ (January, 2021) 543 ISSN 1306-3022 © MRG ______also shrubs (Viburnum, Rhamnus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus brutia, Picea orientalis.

The species has European or Europeo- Mediterranean chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N Turkey: Marmara region and Black Sea region (Acatay, 1943; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Lodos, 1998; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a).

perroudi Mulsant, 1839: 158 perroudi perroudi Mulsant, 1839: 158 Range: E: AL BH BU CR FR GR IT SP ST TR UK N: AG EG MO TU A: GG CY IS LE TR

Body length. 4-8 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus halepensis, Pinus nigra, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus brutia.

The species has Mediterranean chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. It has been recorded only from N, W and S Turkey: Marmara region, W and C parts of Black Sea region, NW part of Aegean region, Mediterranean region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Fairmaire, 1884; Schimitschek, 1944; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1975; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1988; Lodos, 1998; Tozlu, 2001a; Sama, 2002; Tozlu et al., 2003; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a; Cihan et al., 2013; Varlı et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020b).

Subgenus PITYPHILUS Mulsant, 1863: 302 [type species Cerambyx ovatus Goeze, 1777] decoratus Fairmaire, 1855: 320

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FR FI GE GR HU IT LA LT MD NL NR NT PL SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: TR WS Body length. 4-6 mm. Adult period. March-October. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies) and also deciduous trees (Corylus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus.

The species has European or Sibero-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N and SW Turkey: European part of Marmara region, W part of Black Sea region, S part of Aegean region, N parts of Central Anatolian region and NW part of Eastern Anatolian region (Demelt, 1967; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Sama, 2002; Sama et al., 2012; Albayati et al., 2016; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2019; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b).

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Body length. 5-8 mm. Adult period. March-October. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Picea, Pinus, Abies, Juniperus, Larix, Pseudotsuga) preferred and deciduous trees (Castanea, Ficus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Picea orientalis, Pinus sylvestris, Abies nordmanniana.

The species has Asiatic-European or Sibero- European chorotype. It is represented by the nominative subspecies in Turkey. In Turkey, it has been recorded only from N Anatolia: Black Sea region, N part of Aegean region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Erdem, 1947; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1968; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Lodos, 1998; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a; Sama et al., 2012; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Tezcan et al., 2020b).

Tribe ACANTHOCININI Blanchard, 1845

Genus ACANTHOCINUS Dejean, 1821: 106 [type species Cerambyx aedilis Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus ACANTHOCINUS Dejean, 1821: 106 [type species Cerambyx aedilis Linnaeus, 1758] aedilis Linnaeus, 1758: 392 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AN AU BE BH BU BY CR CT CZ DE EN FI FR GB GE GR HU IR IT LA LS LT LU MC MD NL NR NT PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: AB AR ES FE GG HEI HEN HUB JIL JIX KZ MG NC NMO SHA SC SHN TR WS Body length. 11-24 mm. Adult period. March-October. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus preferred, Picea, Abies, Larix). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus sylvestris, Pinus brutia, Pinus nigra, Pinus pinaster, Picea orientalis.

The species has Asiatic-European or Sibero- European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N, W and S Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Aegean region, Mediterranean region, NW parts of Central Anatolian region and NE parts of Eastern Anatolian region (Alkan, 1946; Schimitschek, 1944; Acatay, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1968; Çanakçıoğlu, 1956, 1983; Demelt, 1963; Breuning et Villiers, 1967; Erdem, 1968; Besçeli, 1969; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1975; Tosun, 1975; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Özbek, 1978; Sekendiz, 1981; Danilevsky & Miroshnikov, 1985; Öymen, 1987; Önder et al., 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Yüksel, 1996; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Tozlu, 2001a; Sama, 2002; Tozlu et al., 2003; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Özdikmen, 2006, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a,b; Özdikmen & Demir, 2006; Özdikmen et al., 2012a; Şenyüz & Özdikmen, 2013; Cihan et al., 2013; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014;

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Albayati et al., 2016; Varlı et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020b; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b). griseus Fabricius, 1793: 261 (Cerambyx)

Range: E: AL AN AU BE BU BY CR CT CZ EN FI FR GE GR HU IT NT LA LS LT MC MD ND NR PL PT RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: ?AB ?AR CY ES FUJ GAN ?GG GUA GUI GUX HEB HEI HEN HUB JIL JIX KZ LIA MG NC NMO SC SHA SY TR WS XIN ZHE Body length. 7-14 mm. Adult period. April-October. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies) strongly preferred and reported also deciduous trees (Quercus, Alnus, Juglans, Populus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Pinus brutia, Pinus halepensis, Pinus nigra, Picea orientalis.

The species has Asiatic-European or Sibero- European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N, W and S Turkey: Marmara region, Black Sea region, Aegean region, Mediterranean region and NE part of Eastern Anatolian region (Çanakçıoğlu, 1956; Demelt, 1967; Gül-Zümreoğlu, 1975; Tosun, 1975; Sekendiz, 1981; Erdem & Çanakçıoğlu, 1977; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Alkan, 2000; Alkan & Eroğlu, 2001; Sama, 2002; Tozlu et al., 2003; Özdikmen & Şahin, 2006; Tezcan & Can, 2009; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a,b, 2011a,b; Cihan et al., 2013; Küçükkaykı et al., 2013; Albayati et al., 2016; Varlı et al., 2019; Tezcan et al., 2020b; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b).

Genus LEIOPUS Audinet-Serville, 1835: 86 [type species Cerambyx nebulosus Linnaeus, 1758]

Subgenus LEIOPUS Audinet-Serville, 1835: 86 [type species Cerambyx nebulosus Linnaeus, 1758] nebulosus Linnaeus, 1758: 391 (Cerambyx) nebulosus caucasicus Ganglbauer, 1887b: 25 (Liopus) Range: E: ST A: AB AR GG TR nebulosus nebulosus Linnaeus, 1758: 391 (Cerambyx) Range: E: ?AL ?AU BE BH BU ?CR CT DE EN FI FR GB GE ?GR ?HU IR IT LA LS LU ?MD NL NR PL ?PT RO SL ?SP SV SZ TR UK ?YU A: ?KZ ?TR

Body length. 5-10 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Acer, Castanea, Fagus, Prunus, Pyrus, Populus, Salix, Ulmus, Tilia, Morus, Ficus, Juglans, Carpinus, Corylus, Betula, Alnus, Cydonia, Sorbus), and also shrubs (Sambucus), and also reported from coniferous trees (Pinus, Picea, Abies). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Carpinus betulus, Fagus, Alnus, Castanea vesca, Prunus avium.

The species has European chorotype. It is represented by two subspecies in Turkey as the nominative subspecies and L. nebulosus caucasicus. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N and S Turkey: European part of Marmara region (as the nominative subspecies), and Anatolian part of Marmara region, Black Sea region, Central Anatolian region and Mediterranean region (as L. nebulosus caucasicus) (Acatay, 1943,

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1948, 1961, 1968; Schimitschek, 1944; Sekendiz, 1981; Öymen, 1987; Adlbauer, 1992; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen et al., 2005; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011a; Al-Hamadani & Özdikmen, 2014; Albayati et al., 2016; Varlı et al., 2019; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b). syriacus Ganglbauer, 1884: 532 (Liopus) syriacus abieticola Sama & Rapuzzi, 2010: 186 (ENDEMIC) Range: A: TR

Body length. 7-9 mm. Adult period. May-June. Hosts. Coniferous trees (Abies, Pinus). This species has been reported on Abies cilicica, Pinus nigra pallasiana.

The subspecies has Anatolian chorotype. It has been recorded only from SC Anatolia: E parts of Mediterranean region and W part of Eastern Anatolian region (Sama & Rapuzzi, 2010; Sama et al., 2012).

Tribe EXOCENTRINI Pascoe, 1864

Genus EXOCENTRUS Dejean, 1835: 339 [type species Cerambyx balteus Linnaeus sensu Dejean, 1835 (= Cerambyx lusitanus Linnaeus, 1767)] adspersus Mulsant, 1846: [9] [NP]

Range: E: AL AU BE BH BU CR CZ CY GE GR HU IT LU MC MD NL PL RO SK SL SP ST SV SZ TR UK YU A: AB AR GG SY TR Body length. 4.5-8 mm. Adult period. April-August. Hosts. Deciduous trees (Quercus, Juglans, Castanea, Tilia, Alnus, Betula, Ostrya, Carpinus, Corylus, Robinia, Fagus, Crataegus, Ulmus), and creepers (Hedera), and also reported from coniferous trees (Pinus). In Turkey, this species has been reported on Quercus, Castanea, Alnus.

The species has European or Turano-European chorotype. In Turkey, it has been recorded from N and S Turkey: Marmara region, C and E parts of Black Sea region and Mediterranean region (Demelt & Alkan, 1962; Demelt, 1963; İren & Ahmed, 1973; Breuning, 1981; Adlbauer, 1988; Althoff & Danilevsky, 1997; Lodos, 1998; Sama, 2002; Özdikmen & Demirel, 2005; Özdikmen, 2007, 2008a, 2011a; Sama et al., 2011, 2012; Atay et al., 2012; Özdikmen & Tezcan, 2020b).

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