1lteTltotographic Historical SocietYoj Canada .. • Volume 13, Number 2 September - October 1987

The Story of E. Leitz Canada Ltd. PHOTOGRAPHICCANADIANA ISSN 0704·0024 News and Views ~.~--~~3$~~~~--.'- from the President Volume 13, Number 2 September-October 19&7 (Date of Issue - March 1988) During the the brief period in which I have received mail Second Class Mail Registration No. 7212 addressed to the President, It has become clearly evident to me how POSTAGE PAID AT TORONTO much interest there is across the country, not onl y in antique The Photographic Historical Society of Canada eq uipment, but also in im ages and processes. Whether someone in Nova Scotia is enquiring about the va lue of an old camera found in BOARD OF DIRECTORS late Aunt Tilly's dresser drawer, or a British Columbian is requesting our help in obtaining spare parts for a Universal Mercury I, there President ...... Donald Douglas always seems to be an underl ying expression of interest in our Past President...... Lauro Boccioletti acti vities. We have obtai ned several new members as a result of our 1st Vice President ...... Mark Singer corresponding with people looking for information. We all know 2nd Vice President ...... Everett Roseborough there is increasing interest in all areas of history, and we are certainly Secretary ...... Sharon Ryan getting our share. Treasurer ...... •...... Douglas Dann Regional Director ...... • ... • ...... Stanley White Recent activities of you r Society, which seem to have centred in Curator ...... William Belier the Southern Ontario area, have been numerous. Willy and Maureen Membership Secretary ...... Robert Wilson Patz participated in a histori cal display in Burlington, and Jack Addison gave a couple of tal ks to local clubs. Our Fall Fair, under the Photographic Canadiana is published bi-monthly (except July· able leadership of Larry Boccioletti , was wildly successful , havi ng the August) by The Photographic Historical Society of Canada, P.O. greatest number of tables ever. Upcoming is a presentation to a local Box 115, Postal Station " S", Toronto, Ontario M5M 4L6. camera club on the joys of coll ectin g, to be given by Bob Cart er and Photographic Canadiana does not pay for articles or photo­ myself. We have been asked to appear in a one-day display at graphs; all functions of P.H.S.O.C. are based on voluntary par­ Harbourfront in March, and we expect to take part in Photo Life '88 in ticipation. Manuscripts or articles should be sent to the editor the Spring. While these ac ti vi ti es spread our human resources pretty and will be returned if requested. thin, we are glad to participate. Views expressed in this publication solely renect the opinions of the authors, and do not necessarily renect the views of Everyo ne receiving the Journal is aware of delays experi enced in P.H.S.O.C. getting it into your hands, and the reasons fo r those delays. While the preparation is a time-consuming job and all our acti vi ti es are on an Back issues and single copies: Order directly from the unpaid , vol unteer basis, we are, in fac t, beefing up our resources to Librarian, whose name and address appear below. ensure that this publication, which is regarded as among of the best in the wo rld, goes out to you on a reg ul ar basis. We have no intention of Single copies are $4.00. Subscription is included in membership compromi sing on quality. fees which are $20.00 a year. Back issues of Vols. 1 & 11 are available at $2.00 per copy, Vols III to VIII (inclusive) at $3.00 per copy. All other back issues are $4 .00 per copy. Our Society is in good shape, in terms of both finances and membership, and I will report further on this in our next issue. Librarian ...... Gerald Laban 64 Fonthill Blvd., Unionville, Ont. L4R 1V7 Editor ...... Douglas Gilbertson Donald Douglas 22 Moon Valley Drive, Rexdale, Ont. M9W 3N7·

In This Issue The 1988 Annual General Meeting Features: Ernst Leitz Canada Ltd: A Story of Courage and Vision The PHSOC Annual General Meeting will be held in the Gold Room by 1. David Carvelh ...... 2 at the North York Memorial Community Centre. o n Wednesday. Hill & Adamson: Pioneer Scottish Photographers April 20, 1988. You will be receiving a notice in the mai l shortl y. by Robert Lansdale ...... 9 Report on the International Stereoscopic Union Sixth Congress, Interlaken by SIan While 14 Columns: News and Views .-rom the President by Donald Douglas .. ' ...... I Cover Photo: The Editor's Notebook by Douglas Gilbertson ...... 13 The Leica M4·2 is considered to be th e first truly Canadian Leica. Minor The Bookshelf by Robert G. Wilson vari ations in engra vin gs are known to exist and although most M4 -2's are of Reviewed: Beyond the Third Dimension ...... IS Midland ori gin. a cert ain number were produced in Wetzl. r. The M4·2 Toronto Notes by Mark Singer . 16 depi cted here carried both the Wetzlar and Canadian identity on the top pia Ie. Advertisements, Coming Events ...... 17 The camera is from th e collecti on of Bill Belier. (photography by Everett Rosebrough) Printtd'in CufUU!a &y 5cfuytTs' GmplUcs Inc. 1 ScarOOrW9(l, Ontario. Ernst Leitz Canada Limited.

A Story of Courage and Vision by 1. David Carveth

In his "Editor's Note Book" column in Volume 12 Number 2, then Editor Bill Belier mentioned his visit to Midland with David Carveth, who was researching for the article you are about to read. I think you'll agree it was well worth waiting for.

About 80 kilometres (50 miles) north-west of the cit y of Frank furt, West Germany, lies Wetzlar, the ori gin al home of the Leitz Micro­ scope and the world famous Leica Camera. This beautiful city is nestl ed on the banks of the Lahn Ri ver, which flows quietl y among the undulating hills and vales of Hessia. The ori ginal settlement on this site dates back to pre-historic times. During the Roman conquest of Gaull ia, a cobbled road was built along the ri ver bank to a ll ow passage of cha ri ots and foot­ soldiers. Parts of thi s road remai n to th is day, as well as the remains of two watch-towers. Wetzlar was declared an " Imperi al" town by Emperor Friedri ch I (Friedrich Barbarossa) in the earl y twelfth The first Lei[z personnel en rou[e [0 Midland. on boa rd SS Col um bia 0 11 century and it retained thi s statu s from the time o f the Holy Roman May 15. 1952. Empire. The citi zens of Wetzlar were responsible for the first phase o f the along wi th their technical advisers, began di scussions based upon the construction of the Dam (Cathedral) which towers over a confusion of new market trends. blue-black slate roofs. The Dam is a photographer's paradise, Po litical conditions in Europe were ex tremely unstabl e, to the representing fo ur distinct styles of architecture as a result of additions ex tent that many feared a Third World War, so they decided to made to it over the centuries. establish a factory outside the potential fie ld of danger. This thriving metropolis is ideall y situated on the mai n trade Ma ny countries were considered in their urgent di scussions. routes a nd at one time ri va ll ed Frankfurt, both in commerce and in Ireland was given some thought but it was not far enough away. South ize. This encouraged the establishment and deve lopment of heavy Ameri ca was too un stable politi call y and was. therefore, discarded industry, such as the worl d famous Buderus Steel Work s, which draws immedi ately. North America seemed to be the logical choice, but its iron ore from the local mines. where? The United States was a problem because E. Leitz Inc. in New The precision instrument and optical industries, whi ch today enj oy York held the U.S. patents for all Leitz products, as well as the trade a world-wide reputation for excell ence, were establi shed in this ma rk s. That compa ny had been taken over during the war by the region. The chief representative of thi s industry, later to become the C ustodian of Alien Properti es, a department o f the United States renowned Ernst Le it z GmbH. was founded in 1849 by Mr. Karl Government, a nd had not yet been released. If the parent company Kellner a nd was subsequentl y taken over by Mr. Ernst Leitz. At the establi shed a factory in the United St ates. a ll its trade marks would time, Mr. Leitz was a yo un g a pprentice to the master mechanic Mr. have to be changed. Also, there were already many optical companies Oesch Ie. This great establishment, which today employs as many as in the U.S. Since the wa r had only been ended a short time, it was felt 4,000 peopl e at the Wetzlar location alone, designs and manufactures the Am eri cans would not readily accept a former antagonist in their some of the world's most sophisti cated optical and mechanical midst who mi ght possibl y jeopardize their own optical industry. instrument s. Canada, however, had no major opti cal industry a nd its govern­ The now famous Leica ("Lei" for Leitz and "ca" for camera). ment was encouraging immigrati on, particula rl y by those intending to designed and ma nufactured by Oscar Barna k in 1913, is well establ ish businesses wh ich could employ its citizenry. The Managing doc umented as the first camera of note to use 35mm moti on pictu re Director of Leitz. Dr. Henri Dumur, had travelled to Canada ma ny film . From the day of its inception, the Leica rose to fame in the annals years before as part of his apprenticeship a nd was impressed with both of precision photography. its geographic beauty and the fri endliness of its people. He advised The Lei tz family has always been known fo r innovati ve thinking, that it be considered seri ously for the new locati on. The next question and the compa ny continued to grow at an unbe li evable rate with was. " Who knew enough about Canada to give us guidance in this ever-expanding product lines. Improved models of the Leica camera endeavour?" The Leitz management decided to turn to their faithful and other Leitz equipment were introduced to a thirsty market, as well Canadi a n di stributor. Walter Carveth . Mr. Carveth was due for hi s as many optical " firsts" designed by Max Berek a nd hi s di scipl es. The a nnual visi t in that earl y summer of 195 1. so they would wait the few o nl y interruptions to this asto un di ng growth were during the peri ods days for hi s a rri va l. of the two world wars, when output was. by necessity, channeled to the O n June 12, 1951. Wa lt er Carveth approached the Leitz factory to military. The factory gratefull y returned to the production of non­ meet with the ex port departme nts a nd place hi s orders for the coming military products immediately foll owing each conflagrati on. The two years. To his astonishment. he was stopped at the entrance by an Le it z fa mily subscribed to a philosophy of non-aggression and, employee he had never seen before and was escort ed to the main through this love fo r peace and the betterment of mankind , it has been boardroom. " What have I done wrong now?" , he kept ask ing himself. able to contribute substantia ll y to the advancement of medical and Try as he might, he couldn't think of a n answer. sc ient ific knowledge as well as to assisting the sk ills of both The boardroom's massive table was littered with maps, a tl asses, photographer and technologist a li ke. graphs a nd other assorted documents, and behind it stood the Mass markets fo r Leitz products began to shift, partic ul arl y after fo rmidable management group. They ex plained sim ply that they 1945, a nd the time had come to plan fo r the fut ure. The Leitz wished to build a Factory outside of Europe a nd asked him, " Where " Planning Committee", comprisi ng the three Leitz brothers - Dr. should it be built?" Ernst Leitz III , Dr. Ludwig Le it z, and the late Mr. Guenther Leitz - Without any hesitation, Walter replied, " In Canada. of course!"

2 was presented to the Leitz representatives at the Monday morning meeling for their consideration. Mr. Kluck and Mr. Seng were suitably impressed, so they added Midland to thei r list of potential sites. They were then left with only three possible si tes: Granby, Quebec; Smith's Falls, Ontario; and Midland, Ontario. Dr. Ern st Leitz III was invited to come to Canada to examine the three finalists so that,on his return to Wetzlar, an accurate and swift decision could be made. One of the most important criteria to be met outside of the technical requirements was, "Would our people be happy here?" Granby, Quebec, had all the necessary requirements, but its residents were primarily French-speaking. The new immigrants would have almost no knowledge of the French language, and it would be difficult enough for them to learn English, let alone a second foreign language. Therefore, it was reluctantly decided to remove the Granby bid from contention. This left Smith's Falls and Mi(lland. The Midland Curling Arena. site of the first Leitz assembly openllion in Smith's Falls was near the seat of the Federal Government, was Midland. close to transportation and fulfilled all the requirements for establish­ in g a sa tisfactory relationship. Midland had the same attributes as it With this point established to everyone's sati sfacti on, they asked him, was also near a major trading centre (Toronto), and , being on the " Where would you recommend that we build our factory? East, west, shores of a substantial body of water (Georgian Bay), offered year­ or someplace in between?" The answer came in the same decisive round recreation for its new citizens. It was not until someone noticed manner: "Eastern Canada, naturally!" (Mr. Carveth was a man of few the name " Midland" had the same number of letters in it as the name words.) "Wetzlar" that a decision was fina ll y made. This small factor The basic area was now agreed upon. Walter Carveth was asked removed the necessity of changing the size of the existi ng Leitz logo, to return to Toronto, after completing hi s work in Europe, and prepare which would have ad<4:d substantially to the al ready staggering a li st of some 30 to 35 potential sites in Ontario and Quebec based startup costs. upon criteria set down by the Leit z management. This was by no means an easy task, considering the size and diversity of the towns and "The Walter Works" ci ti es of Canada. Two very talented Leitz employees were chosen to examine and evaluate the sites. Realizing that Canada had two languages and two distinct cultures, the management chose Mr. Walter Kluck who had a good command of both English and French as well as rare knowledge from operating a small manufacturing plant for Leitz in the Saar Valley. The language spoken in that area was German but trade was primarily with France, thus necessitating the second language. The other representative would be Mr. Karl Seng who, while spending much time with the British agency E. Leitz, London, not only perfected hi s English but developed a first-hand knowledge of importing and distribution procedures. By this time, Walter Carveth had contacted several government agencies, both Federal and Provincial, as well as some personal friends familiar with the project, who could guide him in his quest. A list of suitable sites was prepared and the factory was advised Walter Bauer Walter Mandler accordingly. Every community, large and small, upon hearing of the endeavour wanted a chance to sell its own area for future develop­ ment. This created enormous problems in establishing a logical final list. Messrs. Kluck and Seng subsequentl y came to Canada to examine the potential sites and, after serious contemplation, the numbers were slowly whittled down. Midland, as yet, had not been considered. Mr. Carveth had a chance encounter with the late W. Herbert Cranston, owner and editor of the Midland Free Press Herald. The Carveth cottage was on Georgian Bay, only StX miles from Midland. Mr. Cranston reminded him that Midland might just be the perfect place for a new factory, as it was within easy reach of Toronto for importing and exporting, and had a ll of the other requisites stipulated by Leitz management. It was also in need of new employment opportunities, since its large shipyard, which operated to capacity during the war, was about to close forever. Mr. Cranston asked if Midland could at least be given the opportunity to make a proposal. The day was Thursday, so a tentative appointment was made for Walter Kluck the following Monday - subject, of course, to approval by the Leitz representatives. Messrs. Kluck and Seng agreed to see this last site as Meetings were arranged with the late Hon. C.D. Howe in Ottawa they had reduced possible contenders to two. The appointment was to ascertain the amount of Federal Government assistance to be confirmed with the late Mr. Bill C ranston, son ofW.H. Cranston and expected regarding housing, immigration and other pertinent details. President of the Midland Chamber of Commerce. Leitz was advised the Government would be willing to assist them by Over the weekend, Bill Cranston, along with other members of the helping to finance low-cost housing in Midland. Also, the Immi­ Chamber of Commerce, prepared a thirty-page, leather-bound book gration Department would enact special legislation to permit im­ outlining possible sites within the Midland area, along with a list of mediate entry of optical and mechanical specialists and their families, schools, hospital facilities, hydro-electric power and water suppli es, along with the necessary support staff, providing they would be and other data about the surrounding environment. This document employed immediately by the new Leitz en terprise.

3 The original Ernst Leitz Canada Ltd. building as it opened in 1952.

The Leitz representatives returned to Wetzlar to consider all of the Midland Curling C lub donated the use of the arena as a temporary informati on they had gathered and present it to Leitz management for factory. This was only the beginning of a long-standing friendship a final decision. They adopted the choice of Midland. between the citizens of Midland and their new neighbours from Immediately following the decIsion, Mr. K.luck was in the offi ce of "across the pond". Mr. Guenther Leitz when a long distance tel ephone call came in from Mr. Kluck was the first to arrive in Midland (six weeks prior to the Canada - a most unusual occurrence, for the 1950's. With the arri val of the pioneer group) to orchestrate the amazing feat. The next decision so freshl y in his mind, Mr. Kluck took the call and to arrive were Mr. George Matthias, who had been employed at the immediately assumed it was Midland enquiring about the final result. factory in Saar, and Mr. Karl Kraiker. These two men were not onl y He congratulated them on being chosen and then found, to his chagrin, highly sk illed technicians but also trained electricians and carpenters­ that it was Smith's Falls on the line. A lot of "back-pedalling" was literally, Jacks-of-all -trades. needed to correct that misunderstanding! Only one machine was damaged during this moving operation, but The next step was to purchase some land in Midland and choose a fortunately, the unit was not needed for some time. One problem did reliable architect to design and supervi e construction of a building arise when the equipment was unpacked: The belljar which was used measuring approximately 75 by 100 feet. They purchased the in coating lenses had sustained a sli ght crack at its base, which propert y from Mr. Herb Beauchamp on Ellen Street, allowing for prevented an essential vaccuum seal. There wa n't time to obtain a future expansion. The architect was the late E.C.S. Cox, of E.C.S. Cox replacement from England (where it was ori ginally purchased), and and Associates, who was instructed to prepare the necessary pre­ there was nothing like it in Canada or the U.S.A. The men faced a liminary sketches. The contractor, chosen from a group of tenders, terrible dilemmal Typical ingenuity prevailed. They took the bell jar turned out to be a local one, Mr. Hugh Blair. outside, fou nd a suitably nat sidewalk section and spread grinding Financing had to be arranged before building could proceed. compound over it. The rough edge was literally ground out by two Because of monetary restrictions after World War II , Lei tz was men rotating it against the ground. They certainl y received some permitted to take out of the country only the equivalent of $55,000 strange looks from the local populace, but they accomplished the job (Cdn). The balance was raised as a mortgage held by the people of succe sfull y - although, not wi thout some sore muscles. Once again , Midland. The mortgage loan was established at an agreed rate of a good seal enabled them to begin coating lenses without delay. interest, and repaid by Leitz well before the due date. The original plans called for a full-sized basement, but it was eliminated due to the additi onal cost of its constructi on. The factory had to be operated in such a way that whatever was produced, either by assembly or manufacturing, could be sold immediately to a guaranteed market, with subsequent monies owi ng collected im­ mediately so the factory could continue to function on a solid financial basis. Machinery was prepared in Wetzlar to be hipped to Canada. A large noor area was blocked off in the Leitz Wetzl ar factory for preparati on of the special shipment, and nobody was permitted in that area who was not directly in volved in the project. To help prevent problems on arrival, each machine was packed with its own tools and ancillary equipment in the same container. Each packing case, once sealed, was examined for possible damage marks and numerically coded. All cases were examined and approved each time they were transferred from one mode of transport to another and again at Bremerhaven, where they departed by ship to Canada. Upon arrival in Toronto, each case of the first shipment was photographed and the proces ed film was sent to Wetzlar as a record. This film is till in the archives at Wetzlar, along with other documents pertaining to this massive undertaking. From there, the equipment Set in the wall. 10 th e righ, of rhe main entrance 0/ the Midland plant. ;s a was taken by truck to the Midland Curling Arena, where it was brick taken from rile oldest of the Leitz buildings in Welz/ar. The German carefully unpacked and any damage reported. The factory had not yet inscription on th e commemorative plaque Iranslares: "Far from Home we been completed because of a shortage of steel, so the members of the Built this Plant - God's Blessing be on It ."

4 prepared a ll of these gifts as a token of their friendship. Tears of joy and relief appeared everywhere, but this was far from the end of the generosi ty of the local residents. The group were finally taken to their assigned temporary quarters, since their houses were not yet completed. There they again found their refrigerators had been fully stocked, and there was someone at each location to explain the use of the stove, refrigerator. garbage pick- up, shopping and other basic routines. Great pride nowed over Canadian and non-Canadian alike, as the new residents were finally allowed to rest on this momentous day and renect on the many memories that had been squeezed into such a short period. Time was of the essence, however, and their duties had just begun. In hi s address at the tenth aniversary fe stival for the Canadian subsidiary, the late Mr. Guenther Leitz recalled how one of the early employees, who had gone for a long walk, couldn't find his way back to his assigned quarters, but unhesitatingly returned to the factory. There he spent the night, on bedding which consisted of cleaning rags placed in empty machinery cases, and there he was discovered by his fellow workers in the morning. A fa ct which is little known by the majority ofLeica enthusiasts is that the first Leica llif body, No. 61000 I, was assembled in the Midland Curling Arena. This particul ar camera was delivered to Walter A. Carveth Limited along with several others. The first lens produced in the arena was the Summarit fl 1.5-50mm. All of the optical components were ground and polished from raw glass mOUldings and then assembl ed in Wetzla r-made mounts. In October, 1952, barely five months after the arrival of the small band of pioneers, the new Leitz factory was completed. Thus was established the first substantial manufacturing facility outside of European geographi c innuence since the inception of the "Leitz" name 87 years before. During the nex t twelve months, additi onal technicians arri ved from Wetzlar and by May, 1953. the work force had grown to 26. Meanwhile, new machinery and other apparatus was imported to enable Leitz Canada to handle semi-fini shed metal parts and manufacture lenses independently from Europe. Eq uipment for chrome plating, anodi zing and lacquering were installed. The days of Lens manufacturing: Grinding and polishing high speed lens elements. simple assembly were numbered! The effective area of the factory had almost tripled by 1954, when Next came the very difficult task of selectin g the founding families the Canadian Government placed its first order. This order was an for Ernst Leitz Canada Limited. The fin al choice con isted of nine expression of confidence by Canadians toward the Leitz undert aking. men. five women and five children, headed by the late Guenther W.R. Further expansion was now needed both in production space and in Leitz. These few talented and capable people could be looked upon as drafting and design areas, which ultimately required the services of " pioneers" in what many saw as an impossibl e task. Nevertheless, more qu alified personnel. th ey were prepared to travel to a far-off country, wit h a language The Wetzlar head office supplied the Canadian branch wi th the unfamiliar to most of them, and accustom themselves to unfamili ar necessary staff on a six month lease basis, which later became twelve food and a different way oflife. Keep in mind, they were coming from months and more. Some of the borrowed Wetzle ri ans remained in a land which had been an adve rsary of their new country of residence Midland. among these being the very gifted physicist, Walter just a few years earlier. Mandler. Today, Mr. Mandler, who holds the undisputed titl e as oneof With so me trepidati on. the "Founding Few" boarded the ship, the world's leading optical physicists, still li ves in Midland and, s.s. Columbia. at Bremerhaven on May 15. 1952, for the long, tedious although officia ll y retired, is retained on an informal basis as voyage into the lonely North Atlantic. Stormy weather sent all but two consultant to the factory. He not only kept track of ex istin g optical hardy souls to their beds with seasickness. designs. but also produced some of his own which have since become Finally, on May 24. 1952, the ship entered the peaceful waters of ex tremel y famous. In this way, the Sum micron series of lenses. the St. Lawrence River and berthed in Quebec City. Visas and landing considered by many as the finest in the world. were born in Canada permits, which had been prepared in advance, were distributed to the even though the Summicron f/2-50mm lens ori gin ated in Wetzlar. thankful group and the ship carried them on to Montreal. They were When the late Mr. Guenther Leitz returned to Wetzlar.the factory met there by W.R. (Bob) Carveth, who assisted them with their was being managed by: personal belongings and escort ed them to the railway station. The Walter Bauer, Vice President Production small group boarded the train to Toronto and continued on thei r Walter Kluck, Vice President Sales and Finance weary way. Walter Mandler, Vice President Research and Development In Toronto, they transferred to a train bound for Barrie, Ontario. This group subsequently became known as the " Walter Works". and Many of the citizens of Midland insisted on driving down to Barrie to so provided some humour to the si tuation. pick up their new "neighbo urs" in their own cars, so they could show Ern st Leitz Canada Limited were now able to upply the world them some of the countryside on the last leg of the journ ey. The party with photographic lenses, literally from design to shippin g. By now, of Mid landers and their guests arrived at the Midland Y.M.CA. in the they were setting the standards for many designs and manufacturing late afternoon of May 28. 1952, where a small , formal reception had procedures used in the parent factory in Germany. Thanks to the been organized in their honour. installation of a digital computer in 1955. the new facility was in a The friendliness and generosity of the people of Midland very position to develop products and design lens components on an quickly dispelled any fears or doubts the new arri vals might have had. independent basi. Most of the great skepti cs who had feared loss of Each family received a large hamper of foodstuffs, most of which they quality in Canadian-made products had their anxiety laid to rest. The had not seen si nce before the war, and each child was presented with a Canadian branch was so successful in duplicating (and . in some cases. wagon, scooter or bicycle. The people of Midland donated and improving) the quality of products. that by 1956 its annual turnover 5 as far back as 1974, culminating in the decision to transfer production of all rangefinder cameras to Canada. This was evidence of the confidence of the Wetzlar management in the ability of its fl edgeling branch. Formation and development of Ernst Leitz Canada Limited had not been easy, but sheer determination, hard work and good management paid off, not only in great satisfaction and monetary gain , but also in an enhanced intern ati onal reputation for Leitz products. Five names stand out as significant contributors in moulding the Hektor f 12.5c'" success of this endeavour: the late Mr. Guenther W.R. Leitz (dec. March I, 1969), the Ernsl Leitz first President of Ernst Leitz Canada Limited and one of the c. l .... I! •• Midland pioneer group; Onl.' • his successor, the late Mr. Horst Siegfried; the late Mr. Walter Bauer (dec. January 10, 197 1); Mr. Walter Kluck, President and General Manager from 1975 until his recent retirement; and finally Dr. Walter Mandler, the quiet and congeni al artist of design.

The original factory has grown to 130,000 square feet (12,000 square metres) and now employs over 500 people of many nati onali­ ties, including a large number of factory- trai ned Canadians. Leitz Midland production amounts to well over 50,000 lenses of various types each year and is increa ing steadil y. Over ninety percent is exported to most countries in the Western World. This growth speaks well for the courage and foresight of the small team of dedicated people who were determined to make such a dream come true. Ownership of the parent factory, Ernst Leitz GmbH in Wetzlar, as well as Ernst Leitz Canada Limited changed hands about 1974. Wild, The HeklOr I 25mm f12.5 lens IV,1S the first item to be manufactured in Midland without imported pilrtS. of Heerbrug, Switzerland, owned 34% of Leitz Wetzlar and in that year the Leitz family sold them an additional 26%, giving Wild a controllin g interest. Since then, the balance has been purchased by Wild Leitz Holdings Limited. The world network of independent distributors was also taken over by Wild, including the Canadian was more than $ 1 million. The company was firmly established, and di stribution rights held by the Carveth fami ly for over 70 years. by 1959 the 10,OOOth camera was assembled in Midland. Change of ownership, however, does not affect the continuing In 1960, the photographic world once again turned its allention devo ti on to the design and manufacture of some of the finest optical toward Midland. The world's largest aperture, wide angle lens - the and precision in struments in the world . Instead, it a ll ows for additional Summilux f/ l.4-35mm - was produced as an "All-Canadian Lens". financing fo r expansion, and design and development of new and During the 1960's a new dynasty of camera lenses enriched the more sophisticated products. Wetzlar-produced range of hi gh-quality lenses. These include the Telyt f/4-200mm , the Telyt f/4.8-280mm, the Elm ar fl3.5-65mm, the Elm arit f/2.8-28mm , the Tele-Elmarit f/2.8-90mm , and the Elm ari t f/2.8-135m m. The Leicaflex single-lens reflex camera was introduced by Wetzlar in 1965, but it was a long five years before Lei tz Canada produced Leicaflex lenses. The first lens for this series, totally designed and manufactured in Midland, was the Summicron-R f/2- 900101 , a lens of superb quality. The Summicron-R fl2-50mm lens was designed in Midland but manufactured in Wetzlar. Ernst Leitz Canada Limited now expanded its world market by creating a new division with the trademark ELCAN ("E"rnst " L"eitz "Can"ada). This permilled not onl y the Canadian Government, but many other governments from the Western All iance, to obtain lenses and other precision equipment designed and built to thei r specifi ca­ tions for industrial, scientific and military use. Cameras for special applications, lenses for aerial reconnaissance cameras, optical sys­ tems for data processing equipment, television and x-ray optics, and underwater cameras and lenses are but a few examples. The optical­ mechanical sub-components for the telescopes on top of the CN Tower, in Toronto, were designed and manufactured by the Midland fa ctory. The Company has become world famous fo r both its designs Lens assembly operation: C;madi;m m.1nufaclUred lens elements being and its manufacturing capabil iti es and has been able, through good assembled in Wetzlar-made mounts. management, to compete favourably on international markets. The 1975 introduction of a program of special lenses included another Wild Leitz Canada Limited cont inues to distribute all of the "first" - the design and manufacture of the Noctilux f/ l -50mm , the products available from the Leitz "stock shelves" and they have world's largest aperture, hi ghl y corrected camera lens of its foca l cont inued to maintain the sa me knowledgeable approach to market­ length. ing, using many of the same people employed by the formerCanadian 1975, the year of the XXI Olympic Games in Montreal, Quebec, distri butor. We salute the proud members of thi s Company fo r their" also marked the introduction of the first truly Canadian Leica, the contribution to the commercial and cultural life of Canada, on this, Leica M4-2. Discussions between Wetzlar and Midland had been held their 35th Aniversary. 6 Ernst Leitz Canada Serial Numbers

Of interest to the serious Leica Camera coll ector is a partial list of cameras assembled or manufactured in Midland, Ontario, Canada, from 1952 to 1956.

1952- 1953 Leica IIlf Nos. 610001-61 1000 (with Wetzlar engraving) These cameras were delivered to Walter A. Carveth Limited and to American PX SlO res.

1953- 1954 Leica III f Nos. 684001-685000 (with Mid land engraving) Not all numbers were used (eg. 684106).

1954-1955 Leica 1m with self-timer. Nos. 710001 -7 11000 Mexico was added as a customer, June 30. 1954. Hong Kong received one shipment only. Sept. 8, 1954. Panama began receiving shipments. Feb. 2, 1955.

1955 Leica "72" Nos. 357201-358500 (with Midland engraving) serial numbers 357301-357390 were not used. A Leica JIIf. 1953. with "Midland" engraving. From the collection of Leica M3 Nos. 746451-746590 (with Midland engraving) WB. Belier.

1956 Leica IIl f with self-timer, Nos. 773001-774000 (with Midland engraving)

Leica III f with self-timer, os. 82350 1-823867 (with Midland engravi ng)

Leica IIlf with self-timer, Nos. 82975 1-829850 (with Midland engraving)

Leica 1m with self-timer. Nos. 83762 1-838720 (with Midland engravi ng)

Leica IlI g chrome. Nos. 84500 1- 845380 (with Midland engraving)

Leica IIl g chrome, Nos. 86 160 1-862000 (wi th Midland engraving)

Lei ca IIl g chrome, os. 871201-872000 (with Midland engravin g)

Leica IlI g chrome, Nos. 93400 1-934200 (with Midland engravin g) A Leica M4-2 with '"Made in Canada" engra ving. From the collection of WB. Belier. Leic. IIl g black, Nos. 98790 1-988988 (with Mid land engravi ng) Acknowledgements: Leica M2 chrome, Nos. 93762 1-937650 (wi th Midland Mr. Walter Kluck, President (retired). Ernst Leitz Canada Ltd. engraving) Dr. Walter Mandler, Vice President (retired), Research and Development. Ernst Leitz Canada Ltd. Mr. Brian W Veall. Export Manager, Ernst Leitz Canada Ltd. Mr. William B. Belier. Photographic Historica l Society of Canada. Midland Chamber of Commerce Midland Free Press Everell Rosebrough - photogfllphy. 7 What do Canadians know about making cameras IE lenses... ? I!I _ Made in Canada I!I _ Made in Canada

HI I!I _ Made in Canada _ Made in Canada HI And five lenses for the LEICA R4 - from _ Made in Canada 19 mm to the now world-famous 180/3.4 APO-TELYT-R. All the items from Midland are manufac­ tured there - not just assembled. The de­ sign facilities are among the very best in the world today. and have earned for E. Leitz Canada Ltd. a reputation for Lois. optical and mechanical excellence For 30 years. the Leitz factory in second to none. On all five continents. Midland. Ontario. has been in the opti­ Not bad. eh? cal business. Today. the production pro­ gram includes the remarkable LEICA M4-P Rangefinder camera and its LEICA Leitz Means WINDER. - I., Pl'ecision. And eleven lenses for the M4-P - from 21 mm to 280 mm. CD WOl'ldwide. For further information contact your selected LEICA Dealer or. write to: Wild Leitz Canada Ltd .. 513 McNicol! Ave .. Willowdale. Ont. M2H 2C9. Telephone (4 16) 497-2460

This 1982 adverlisemenr Slresses the "Made ill Canada" mallu!acturing!acility and nOf just the product itself. Note the colloquialism: "Not Bad. eh?" 8 David Hill & Robert Adamson: Pioneer Scottish Photographers

by Robert Lansdale images, but he set hi s " photogenic drawings" aside for other sc ientific pursuits. Daguerre (France), collaborating at times with Niepce. fo und the right combinati on of chemistry to affix an im age to a metal pl ate. Along the way many people fai led, while others came close to In Volume 12 Number 5, I brought ro your arrencion a show encit/ed success or added pieces of information to the jigsaw of photographic ''The Photographs of David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson ", knowledge. currenrlyon national rour from the Mendel Art Gallery in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. The tour is approaching its final appearance, so you should plan to see it if at all possible. The following article provides The French government purchased the Daguerre process and some historical background to that show. revealed its secrets to the world on August 19, 1839. Despite the long exposures required by the process, the public was soon recording all aspects of humanity. Scholars, gentl eman-tinkerers and entrepreneurs cont inued to contribute improvements to both processes and equip­ ment so photography took great strides forward and became a world From March 23rd to May 8th the Art Gallery of Ontario will house mama. a major ex hibition of 13 1 sa lt prints and negatives of the Calotype process, dating back to the earliest days of photography. It is the first major collection to tour Canada of the works by David Octavius Hill , An earl y announcement in January 1839 of Daguerre's achieve­ a 41 year old artist, and Robert Adamson, a 22 year old photographer. ment panicked Fox Talbot in England to rush forward with his own In 1843 they combined their talents in Edinburgh, Scotland, to declarati on of a process. Through long exposures, he was able to successfull y ex ploit the possibilities of the newly invented medium. imprint an image onto paper that had been sensitized with baths of With photography attaining its official 15 0th birthday next year, this weak sodium chl oride (salt) and strong si lver nitrate. Talbot hoped to is a rare occasion for us to study, first hand, materials which have establish a claim of priority before the French could publish their survived (luckily) those many years and which are noted in all photo­ process in Paris. The two camps bristled with ri va lry until the facts historical books as being a cornerstone at the birth of photography. were published in scientific journals showing that the processes were indeed different. Each contained its own properties, benefits and Photography was first announced to the world in 1839 by a fault s. The Daguerre process produced the clearest image with deta il s French painter Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre. He developed a seen under magnifying glass down to the small est details. But thi s process to permanently capture a sharp, positive im age on a shiny system produced only one image. The daguerreotype became the si lver mirror. The world was ecstati c at finally bei ng able to capture greater success as it was used almost exclusively for portraiture. With reality by a chemical means, without the hand of man ever touching a high death rate, particularly amongst children, there was a fettish to the image. The artistic community, both amateur and professional, have one's im age recorded, "to immort a li ze the soul ere we slip the had found it tedious to record a scene by manual means with results bonds of earth." Talbot doggedl y continued to promote hi s invention that never equalled the ori gina l. The desire for reali sm in art had and to look for ways of improving it. surged forth in every century si nce the Renaissance. With every new wave, additional knowledge and equipment was developed to assist The Talbot process. as fi rst revealed, required the sensitized paper the arti st. to be exposed in the camera for hours until the si lver chloride "printed By the 19th century, the "camera obscura" had been groomed into out" to black sil ver, relati ve to the intensities of light thrown on it by a two foot box with a lens on the front and a mirror inside to direct the the lens. The paper was then treated to a " preserving process" of a im age onto a viewing glass on the top side. The device resembled the strong salt solution to stop acti on in the unexposed areas. This first reflex cameras and was widely used by artists to trace im ages for negati ve could then be contact printed to another sheet of sensi ti zed reference materi al in preparing their fini shed art. There were a host of paper to produce a positive. In February, 184 1, Talbot announced a other similar devices, including tents and portable vans, all equipped vast improvement with hi s new Calotype process which shortened with lenses to project an image that the artist could record to the best exposures to as low as eight seconds. A more elaborately prepared of hi s abilities. But there were frustrations. Any movement of the " iodized paper" is washed over with gall o-nitrate of si lver to create a paper or device would be a et-back. Being cooped up in a stuffy tent highl y sensiti zed halide and then dried. After exposure the (hidden) on a hot day was exhausting. And, still, the reality of the image latent im age is "developed" by bathing the paper once again in the projected by the len s with its colours and tones could only be ga ll o- nitrate of sil ve r and warming it gentl y before a fire. The photo transposed into a simple line and shade drawing. It was akin to was then fixed with potassium bromide (later changed to hot hypo in watching o ur modern television but being capable of drawing only (843). Although the im ages lacked details. bein g diffused by the cartoons from it. There had to be a way to permanently capture the fibers in the paper, any number of prints could be produced. This made im age that was projected so beautifully. Many minds were set to the the process commerciall y feasible, especially as illust rati ons in travel­ problem. It is a wonder that photography wasn't invented earlier, as a ll oriented books. The effects of the fibres were minimized by waxing or the in gredients and technology existed. varnishing the paper to make it translucent. The diffusion was in most cases accepted as "artistic", adding to the aura of the object or scene History now shows that as far back as 1802 Thomas Wedgewood bei ng recorded. The Calotype required cheaper and readily avail able (in England) had made silver-based contact negatives on paper and on materials as we ll as less complicated equipment. The negatives could white leather. But he could not find a means to make the images be processed later at the photographers conven ience, and coul d also perm anent. Nicephore Niepce (France), look ing for a photo engraving be retouched. process, recorded a perm anent im age onto a pewter plate by 1826. He died before fruition of his experiments could come his way. Willi am Being a scientific English gentleman, Fox Talbot released a ll Henry Fox Talbot (England) by 1835 had paper negatives of camera rights to his first process but was determined to seek compensa tions 9 for the use of his Calotype process by patenting the formulas in of the most arhstl c of photographs. All photography was done England and France. The French government had released the outdoors, util izing the brightness of the sun to the max imum. Mirrors Daguerrotype process to the world after having purchased it by an were used to fill in the strong shadows. Even with all their efforts, the annual pension of 6000 francs to its in ventor. But Daguerre took out a exposures would run for minutes. Props, furniture and drapes were patent in England and issued licences. Talbot, pressed by his arranged o utside the studio on Calton Hill or at Greyfrairs C hurch­ coll eagues, eventua ll y relinquished his patents to all except those who yard. It was Hill who provided the artistic input in composing the would make profit from the process. He continued to threaten court im ages - not the stern , stereotypical portraits wh ich later fl ooded the actions against portrait photographers in England who refused to pay market, but creative interpretations capturing the characters of his a substantial yearl y li cence fee, but he failed to foll ow up on similar Victori an subjects. Hill chose each selling while Adamson worked the acti ons in France. Despite his problems in gelling the process camera and made the prints. accepted, Talbot proved the usefuln ess of his system. He travelled extensively, photographing architecture and scenery in Great Britain Hill's position in Edinburgh upper cl ass society prov ided excellent and Europe, and then published his own album, "The Pencil of contacts and brought much portrait business to the studio, but they did Nature". He set up a photo fini shing laboratory to produce the not limit themselves to this fi eld alone. The photographers took to thousands of prints required. By the mid- 1850's both pioneer recording the architectural scenery about Edinburgh and the sur­ processes were obsolete, but Talbot had his claim to fa me by initiating round ing countryside, including St. Andrews, Linlithgow, Ba ll och­ the negative-positive system which survived as the basis of our myle, Durham Castl e and the fi shing vill age of Newhaven. The main modern day photography. features in many of the photographs were the colourful local inhabitant s, particul arl y the fi sherfolk of Newhaven. There was a ready market for prints of Scotl and and its quaintly dressed inhabi­ Now to the history of Hill and Adamson. Sir David Brewster of tant s. The writings by Sir Walter SCO II (The Waverl y Novels, Lady of Edinburgh, Scotl and, noted physicist and leading authority on optics, the Lake) had imbued in the minds and hearts of a ll Europe a vision of pl ayed a major role in pulling together the characters and elements stately romance for this rugged north country. Hill continued for many which led up to the producti on of the Calotypes in the AGO years to distribute prints through his brother's gallery and to put exhibition. Brewster was in communications with Fox Talbot, th rough together lavishly produced albums which today are worth fortunes. his standing in the scientific community. Via ma il ed instructi ons Brewster and a fri end, Dr. John Adamson, undertook to try their hand Robert Adamson's contribution as photographer and processor is at making Calotypes. Adamson had already mastered the daguerro­ not to be taken li ghtly. Although never trained in art, he worked the type process and by November 1841 was successful wi th the English giddy process to its best in support of hi s partner's compositions. After process. Three of his efforts were sent to Fox Talbot for comment. The the photographer's death, the magic of the partnership was gone. The foll owing spring Talbot asked Brewster ifhe might persuade someone artist, Hill, fo und it impossible to achieve the same success with other to take up calotyping professionally in Scotl and. Twent y- two year old photographers. According to histori ans Helmut and Alison Gernheim , Robert Adamson, who had been forced by poor health to give up his the two " . .. are universall y accorded first pl ace in the annals of apprenticeship as an engi neer, was tutored by hi s medical brother, photography .. . it is indeed astonishing that in its fi rst years the new John Adamson. By the summer of '43 Robert had a fl edgling studio in art should have reached its highest peak in the magni fice nt achi eve­ Edinburgh and was already well patronized by the public. ments of these two Scoll ish photographers." David Octavius Hill, on the other hand, was a well established landscape painter, popular throughout Edinburgh art circles. He was Much of the exhibition concentrates on the portraits of Victori an the energeti c Secretary to the Royal Scollish Academy credited with hig h society. The propping and compositions allestto Hill's train ing in making it the main centre for exhibitions of contemporary art in the art. Photography still was considered as an aid to the artist and was north. The son of a prospero us booksell er and publisher, Hill applied fi ghting the lengthly bailie to be recognized as an art form in its own his cl oseness to the industry by supplyi ng illustrations for a number of right. Some of the society portraits may have been the preliminary published books. "sketches" for commissioned oil paintings. Hill 's involvement as an illu strator in the book publishing industry is also refl ected in some of In May of 1843 there was an event of enormo us importance to the the photographs. A scene from the novel, "The Antiquary", by Sir Church of Scotl and . Call ed "the Disruption", a large foll owing of Walter SCO II is created in a calotype of John Henn ing and Mrs. ministers spl it from the main church in protest against lay patronage Cleghorn pl aying the parts of the characters. and interfe rence in church affairs. Some 500 people gathered at a First General Assembly to fo rm the Free Church of Scotl and. One of those Offselling these hi gh society photographs are the many studies of peopl e present who was stirred by events and the rhetoric was David the scenes and inhabitants of the fi shing vi ll age of Newhaven. It is Octavius Hill. Inspired, he set himself a colossal task of creating a th ought that the first character studies were undert aken to raise great painting of the 457 men and women who were present at that money to repair the boats for the fi shermen. Many of the boats had Edinburgh convention. Hearing of the proposed epic, Si r David been condemned as unsafe and were pulled on shore. The fi sherl assies Brewster, also a participant in the disruption, suggested that the artist wi th their wicker creels were often in the city as they sold their fi sh in make use of the calotype process to record each person before they the streets. From the number of Newhaven photographs in the slipped away to their homes thro ughout Scotland. It would have been coll ecti ons, there must have been a good work ing rela ti onship impossible to labori ously pencil-sketch all who were present. Brew­ between subj ects and photographers. ster showed the artist samples of the calotype process, convinced him of its feasibility and then introduced him to Robert Adamson. They Noteworthy amongst the ex hibited prints are several portraits immediately set to work recording single portraits and gro upings of 6 showing exoti c dress. One is a photo of Reverand Peter Jones, a to 25 people posed as the arti st visuali zed them in the fi nal painting. It Mississauga Ojibwa chief who was born in Burlington Heights near took another Assembly in Glasgow the foll owing year to secure all the Hamilton, O ntario in 1802. Hi s fa ther was Augustus Jones, a surveyor necessary images plus portraits of addi ti onal sponsors who wa nted to of Welsh descent while his mother was Sarah H ~ nry, daughter of a be in the picture. In a ll ,475 people were included in the giant painting Mississauga Chief. Jones was brought up with hi s mother's tribe and, (5 ft X I I ft 4 in.), and it took twenty years to fini sh. The combinati on aft er bei ng converted to Christi anity, beca me a Meth odist minister of artist and camera operator proved successful , and the pair fo rmed a and tra nslator of the bible. He toured Britain in 183 1, 1837 and 1845 partnership to seek out further applicati ons of the Calotype. lt ran on to raise money fo r his missionary work amongst the Indians. It was fo r fo ur and a half years, until the untimely death of Mr. Adamson during his third speaking tour that he posed for the Scollish from what can be assumed was consumption. photographers in both native costume and western clothing. In writing to his wife, Jones commented, " I am gelling heartily tired ofbegging." During that short partnership, they took what is estim ated to be The British onl y wanted to see him as an exoti c object dressed in his more than 2500 images. Despite the fact that practi cal photography nati ve costume. Hill and Adamson obviously saw the commercial was not yet fi ve years old, they overcame a ll obstacles to create some applicati ons for the photograph. 10 Newhaven Fishwives. c. 1848.3 15 x 236 mm. Two young ladies from Newhaven. a lishing port c/ose to Edinburgh. are seen as Ih ey were Iypica lly dressed. in bulky. Slripe(/ dresses wilh overcapes. The fishwives were of len seen in Iheslreels as Iheyh'/lvked Ih eirnyslers to Ih e IOlVnsfolk. Thegreal number ofNewhaven photographs may J1iI ve resulted from the photogr;lphers co-operating with the Rev. Dr. James Fairbairn. who raised money for modernizing the Ncwha ven fishing fleet. Th irty -three large new boa ls were purchased 10 enable Ihe fishermen to exp.7nd into deep se;J fishing. Olher evidence suggcsls Ihe Hill and Ad;J mson p;Jrlnership planned a Newhaven album as part of a larger Scollish series. Possibly. bOlh Ih eories are correc!. (photo courtesy: Mendel A rl Callery. Saskatoon)

11 Mons Meg, c. 1848.326 x .nO mm. It would seem that tourist photos hil ven't chilnged much in the Pilst 140 years. as we sec here the filmous Mons Meg Cil nnon on the bilttlementsofEdinburgh Owle. Hill used this photo. illong with a numberofothers. fo r reference while pilinting scenic views of Edinburgh. (photo courtesy: Mendel Art Ga llery, Silski/ toon)

. The two photographs reproduced with this article are modern sa lt prints in the Hill and Adamson ex hibition, made by Mi chael Gray from ori gin al ca lotype negatives in the coll ec ti on of the Glasgow Uni ve rsit y Library. They show a cross sa mpling of pioneer photo­ graphy in Sco tl and during the Victoria n era. PHSOC Annual Auction The Mendel Art Gall ery of Saskatoon is to be co mmended for its work in assemb ling the retros pective coll ecti on from the Gl asgow The Photographi ca Aucti on thi s year will be held in the Universi ty Library in Glasgow, the Scotti sh National Portrait Ga ll ery Bu rg undy Roo m of the North York Memorial Community in Edinburgh and fro m a priva te co ll ecti on in England. Dispa tched on Centre. in place of the reg ul ar meeting on the th ird Wednes­ a fi rst-time tour of Canada, the co ll ection has been seen in Sas katoon. Edmo nton, and Victoria. Now histori ans and photo buffs in On tario day in March. Thank s to yo ur effort s, last year's auction wa a have the rare opportunity to see exa mpl es of the fi rst negati ve- positi ve great success although we could have used a few more buyers. photo process put to successful comm ercial use. Th is yea r. we are asking yo u to support the Society's fu nd The Art Ga ll ery of Ontari o is located at 3 17 DundasStreet West in rai ing activi ty by offe ring lots for auction and by bringing a Toront o. The exhibit is to run from March 23rd th ro ugh to May 8th friend, relati ve, complete stranger or other potenti al buyer. 1988. A wa lkin g tour of the ex hibition, on Sunday April 17th at 3 PM , will be under the guidance of co-ord inator Maia Sutnick. An exce ll ent ca talogue is ava il abl e fro m the Museums, while a number of books on S tan White, R on W;liker Hill & Ad amson are avail abl e from pu bli c librari es to give a broader Auction Co-chairmen scope of informati on and detail s.

12 The Editor' s Notebook by Doug/a s Gilbertson

The story. as they say, contin ues. In January, 1988, I was invited to a meeting with President Don Dougla s, Larry Boccioletti and Everett Rosebrough. The big topic of disc uss ion was how to prevent the problems of the past from happening again so we can return to a normal mailing schedule as quickly as possible. In my view, making a publication such as ours involves two concurrent ta ks. The first is production, which consists of selecting articles, typesetting, paste-ups. proofing and the like. The other involves hounding authors for articles, making sure they don't skimp on content, finding illustrations, arranging for reprinting rights and other correspondence - in short, ensuring there are articles for me to make a magazine with. Eachjob is relatively straight-forward in itself but. taken together. they become a bit ofa load. I am doing my best to uphold the high quality established fo r thi sjournal and, although I am enj oyi ng it, I am sometimes enjoying it at the expense of other things. I will be asking around in the near fu ture fo r someone to help with the gathering and the correspondence. If you'd like to volunteer, please let me know. Setup time at the PHSOC Fall Fair. We had a record numberoftables this year. Stereo Coverage for Canada (photo by Mark Singer) I have recentl y had requests th at stereo photography be given If you have any photographs of those ruins taken between 1950 more regul ar coverage in th is journal. Although most of the lobbying and 1966. the histori ans at the Na ti onal Capital Commission woul d has been fro m local enthusiasts, I think the suggesti on is a good one like to see them. As expl ained in a December 8. 1987 report in the becau e we are virtually the onl y Canadian organi zation publishing Globe and Mail, " the ruins are goin g to ruins and (the) histori ans want any art ic les at a ll concerning stereo. Stan White has submitted a se ri es to restore them to thei r ori gi nal ruinous condition." (I couldn't have of short art ic les. the first of whi ch appears in thi s issue. Don't think I'd said it better myself.) The structures have been attacked by ice, age, turn down any others. acid rain and mi llions of visi ting tourists, and the historians suspect If yo u are into stereo. then be sure to check out page 24 of the some repai r work done in 1966 may not have been done accurately. If September/ October 1987 Stereo World. published by the National you can help. contact the Commission in Ottawa. Stereoscopic Associati on. PHSOC member Robert Wil son won a We occasionally receive letters from non-members ask in g for contest atthe NSA conventi on, for the most interesting stereo view of help in obtai ning informati on or eq uipment. A recent one is from the Liberty Bell. Congratulati ons, Bob! David E. Meyer, who is looking fo r photographs of his grandfather, Thoma, John O'Sullivan. O'Sullivan served with the Princess Pa­ tricia's Canadian Light Infantry during the First World War, and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police shortly after. If you can help him in his quest. please contact him at P.O. Box 82905. Tampa, Florida 33682. USA. If you've been having trouble finding the equipment you need, then you probably weren't atthe PHSOC 1987 Fall Fair in Toronto. It was held at the Lakeshore Inn this year and. as our President relates on page I, it was a great success. The next Photographica Fair will be at the Holliday Inn Don Valley in Toronto, on Sunday, May I. New Archives Act The National Archives of Canada Act was enacted by the Federal Government on June I I. 1987. Replacing the Publi c Archives Act of 1912. it changes the Public Archives of Canada's name to the ational Archives of Canada. The title of the Archive's head becomes National Archivist of Canada. The Act also deals with federa l records The popcorn vendors li t the Fall Fair. (photo by Murk Singer) management policy and practices, and makes the Na ti onal Archivist of Canada responsible fo r decisions concerning the retenti on or disposal of Federal Government and ministerial records. Taken into Help! account are changes in technology for the storage and transfer of In the 1930s and '40s, the late Prime Minister William Lyon inform ati on, the great increase in the number and locations of users of Mackenzie Kin g had some stone ruins specially built at his Kin gsmere the Archives and issues of privacy and access to information. estate in the Gatineau Hill s. to add some old-world charm to the scenery. These ruins, which included a pair of walls designed to look The Francis Frith Coll ecti on, whi ch markets reproducti ons of like a crumbled abbey, became a popular tourist attracti on when King hi storical photographs of towns and vill ages thro ughout the British died in 1950. Isles, went public in August, 1987, with an iss ue of one mi ll ion

13 ordinary shares priced at a pound each. If you feel an entrepreneurial bent and would like more details on the issue, you can contact the sponsors at Minster Trust Ltd, Minster House, Arthur St reet, London Report on the International Stereoscopic Union EC4R 9 BH , UK . Sixth Congress The Mendel Art Gall ery's to uring show of Hill and Ad amson prints, menti oned here in the last issue, is nearl y upon us in Toronto. See Robert Lansdale's background article in this issue. Publications by Stan White Fred Waterman, of Rockford, Illinois, has amassed some facts and fi gures from the history of photography, to form a limited-edition, 22x 14 in ch wall calendar. Each month is illustrated with hi stori c Stan White, of Oak ville, Ontario. is PHSOC's resident stereo master. photograph s, and each day has a note about an event on th at day in He attended the ISU Congress at Interlaken, Switzerland, held on hi story. It includes many references to Eastman Kodak Company, so October I - 5, and has submitted the following report which offers celebrating the I OOth ani versa ry ofthe Origi nal Kodak. He has made proo f" that stereo photography is alive and well. 500 copies of this calendar and does not intend to make any more in future years, so it could become a coll ector's item. PHSOC members can get their copies by sending US$6.55 (postage included) to Fred H. Waterm an, 1704 Valencia Dri ve, Rockford. ILL 6 11 08, USA. The absence of organi zed stereo activit y in Canada might cause The Spring 1987 catalogue fro m Garl and Publishing includes a so me people to be concerned for the future of stereoscopy, but a visit book entitled The Nineteenth-Century Photographic Press: A Study to the ISU bi-annual Congress, held this year in Interl aken, would G UIde, by Robert S. Sennett. This book is the first to expl ore the dispe ll any doubts of its health. The Congress was held in conj uncti on contributions made by the peri odical press to the development of wi th the Swiss Society for Stereoscopy, amidst the old-world am­ photography. It indexes English, German and French journ als from bience of the "Congress Centre Casino". the years 1830 thro ugh 1880, and then gives special scrutiny to ten of them. ISU President Thomas Handsc hi n reported the Congress was the G. K. Hall has published the book, International Guide to Nineteenth­ largest congregati on of photographers ever assembled in Switzerland. Century Photographers and Their Work s: Based on Catalogues of There were 326 registrants, from Au strali a, Austri a. Belgium, Can­ Aucti on Houses and Dealers, by Gary Edwards. It lists over 4,000 ada. Fra nce. Holl and. Hungary, Lu xe mburg, Norway, Portugal, Spain , photographers of vari ous standings, with inform ati on obtained fro m Sweden. Switzerl and . the United Kin gdom. the United States, and the study of sale catalogues published throughout the world si nce West Germany. 1903. It's US$60 outside of the United St ates. from G. K. Hall and Company, 70 Lincoln Street, Boston, Mass 02 11 I, USA. The Congress included 47 Presentati ons, thirteen Workshops and Al so, whil e browsin g through Vanwell Publishing's Fall 1987 a Trade Fair. Stereo shows were presented by the cream of the catalogue, l noti ced the book, Making and Repairing Wooden C lock intern ati onal stereoscopi c photographers' crop. in every possible C ases, by V.J . Taylor and H.A. Babb. It is described as cont ain ing fo rm at. Workshops on the latest 3- D technology demonstrated three­ deta il ed inform ati on for the construction and repair of wooden clocks, dimensional vi deo, computer generated film s and the latest stereo and may be of interest to anyone wishing to restore wooden cameras. equi pment. At long last, two modern stereo projectors are avail able on If yo u happen to see thi s book, have a fl ip through it and let me know if the market for the discerning stereographer. I'm ri ght. The trade show had virtua ll y every printed form of the 3-D craft See you nex t time. on displ ay. the world's two largest 3-D mail order ho uses had stereo supplies on hand and a huge selecti on of literature on or about the third dimension. Very little equipment was for sale. possibl y reflecting Word has just been received from our friends at the the ex isting short age of stereo cameras in Europe. " Canadian Society of Cinematographers " concerning their Annual Fair. The last day featured a bus tour Qf the area around Gruenwald. While lunch was prepared for the group at a restaurant hi gh in the The Date: Sunday, May 15, 1988 SWISS Alps - complete with a seranading Swiss choir - photographers made stereo pictures in every directi on. The va ri ety of stereo cameras The Time: from 10 a .m. to 4 p .m . used was of great interest, ranging from the traditional North The Place: The LakeShore Inn, Ameri can Realists, Kodaks and Reveres. to the more common 2000 Lakeshore Boulevard European Balpl asca, to historic Sputniks and Duplexes, to twin camera designs based upon a ll makes of 35 mm and 6x6cm cameras. West, Toronto There were many custom ri gs. usuall y made from two cameras spliced Additional Information: For table reservations, etc., together. Some had elaborate sli de bar designs. and some even used a contact Jackson Samuels at (416) 636-6113 single mono camera to make hyper-stereo im ages twenty to thirty feet apart. General Admission - $4.00 The concentrati on of experti se was impressive. The Congress demonstra ted the dedicated enthusiasm of stereo photographers in a ll This is a " MUST" event for Movie Camera part s of Europe and North Ameri ca. collectors, cinematographers and all those interested in, or associated with movie/ video pursuits. The seventh IS U Congress will be held in Germany in 1989.

14 The Bookshelf Book Review by Robert G. Wi/son

Beyond the Third Dimension. Stan White. First Edition. 1987. ]6 pages. Soft Cover. Many black and white illustrations, llnd 2 1 colour stereo views on three View-Master Reels. Borger. The Netherlands: ]-D Book Productions. (ISBN 90 71] 77 21 0)

There are some forms of photography which few people attempt because of the technical knowledge and equipment needed, or because of the time involved to get a truly fine image. In his photography, Stan White has mastered two of these forms - stereo photography and table top photography - and he has done so with originality and humour. Most of his subjects are small table top setups. This makes his stereo photography even more difficult because he must calculate the correct lens separation to produce a realistic representation of his scene. This slim book presents twenty-one of White's fine stereoscopic photographs along with a short discussion of his photographic technique. While White starts this book by stating it "is not intended to be a primer on photographic technique", he does discuss briefly the equipment he uses to make his images. Most are taken with a standard 35mm camera with a macro lens, mounted on a slide bar. The two stereo images are taken in sequence, with the camera being moved along the slide bar between exposures. The accompanying illustration shows this equipment. A few of the images require other camera and lens combinations and these are fully described in the book. White's images are mostly table top scenes that he has constructed out of plastic models, toys. H.O. scale railway figures, food and what ever else is handy. Thi scene construction is much more time consuming than the actual photography. He builds and paints the plastic models himself. Hi s ideas for photos do not simply fall into place - it sometimes takes months before a ll the props are located to properly turn an idea into an image. The illustration reproduced here shows how he has combined his camera and slide bar with a toy helicopter and small figures to make an interesting and unusual image of his eq uipment. In one of the book's images, ca ll ed "A British Regiment Defends a Pound of Cheese", he lIses a group of about 50 small toy soldiers fighting off a large mouse in defence of their wedge of cheese. All this is in 3-D, too.

The book is illustrated with twenty-one of White's images mounted on three View-Master reels fitted into slots in the inside rear cover of the book. For each image, White presents a short discussion which includes some of the details of how the image was made - lighting, film , camera, lens, image set-up, nd so on. A minor drawback to this book is the level of stereo knowledge assumed in the reader. In several places, he u es terms familiar to only the really knowledgeable stereo photographer. Forexample, he refers to the "ortho-stereo seat" without further definition. (This is the best seat in a 3-D theatre,being the one from which the most realistic 3-D representation of the image can be seen. ) In this book, White says that "The world of stereo is relatively unexplored." We are indeed fortunate that Stan White has decided to be one of the few who are pushing back the limits of stereo photography. This book will be a welcome additi on to the collection of anyone interested in stereo photography, table top photography or View-Master. It is available from Stan White, 473 Grand Blvd., Oakville, Ontario L6H I P2, for $ 19.95 plus $ I .00 postage.

15 Toronto Notes

l uni fo rm opti cal quality. He succeeded, with the help of a glass- maker by Mark Singer who had been experi mentin g with changing the chemical compo­ sitions of glasses to obtain different properties, and Carl Zeiss went on This fall has been an acti ve one for the Toronto area membership to become, well , Carl Zeiss. of the PHSOC. We have been keeping a busy schedule, and thanks are Mr. Shultz also presented a videotape on how a telescope mirror due to Everell Roseboro ugh for providing us with an excellent seri es was manufactured from a special, zero-thermal-expansion glass of programs on all walk s of photography, and to Ron Walker for developed by Schotl. This particular mirror was the largest si ngle providing the coffee and goodies for us to have before and after each piece of glass ever made for optical use. It took twenty- four hours to meeting. pour the liquid glass into the mould and several months for it to cool, The September meeting continued the tradition of the past few and any lillie naw would have ruined il. The tape also showed how years, of exploring that mysterious world of polarized glasse and other types of glass are made, and gave us a beller appreciati on for the rocking w'ith your camera from one foot to the other known as stereo sophisti cati on of even the si mplest piece of glass. photography. We all donned the glasses, the li ghts were dimmed, and the show began with the fourth Ha ll of Fame stereo show from the If yo u haven't been to our Toronto meetings, do drop in sometim e Photographic Society of America. Thi slide show consisted of images and say hell o. We meet on the third Wednesday of each month, with a which had won at least ten acceptances each in various salons over the swap and sell starting at 7:30 p.m. past years. Compiled by Dr. Melvin Henningsen, APSA, it treated us to magnificent views and to images seen o nl y through the eye of the camera . One of those images happened to be a product of our very own Stan White, who was operating our projector. A a bonus, we were treated to the stereo show Stan White was taking with him to the International Stereo Congress in Switzerland. As many of you know, Stan is becoming renowned for his imaginative miniature creations, and this show - complete with the sound of a genuine Swiss cow-bell signalling the slide changes, to add a bit of a Swiss navour - kept us in delight right up to the end. He's since had a small book published, which includes his slide show on a set of View-Master reels. See Robert Wilson's review of it, in this issue's edi tion of The Bookshelf. The September meeting was also the Official Opening of our new facilities in the North York Memorial Community Hall. We marked the occasion with a feast of sandwiches and cake, and two group photographs - one with our stereo glasses on, and one withoul. They even remembered to bring a ll the proper connectors this time and, in spite of the fifty experts all giving advice, the shots came o ut well. Contact Larry Bocciolelli if you'd like a copy. The October meeting was another image ni ght, but of the one­ ElmStrcct Asphalt. wkeniune 7. 1902. byA.F. Rust. (Cityo/Toronto dimensional va ri ety. Julie Tripp, the daughter of the renowned Archives. DPW 1'; -3-';7) Canadi an photographer Alfred Upton, presented a seri es of slides of her father's work. She talked about the composi ti on of the va rious photographs and complimented them wi th line drawing overlay to Coming at the Toronto Archives show the compl exi ty of an apparently simple photograph such a some trees in the snow. Through the photographs, we sa w the The Camera at Work: Photographs from the City combina ti on of a good eye, good technique and a sprinkling of good Engineer's Collection 1890- I 91 0, a photography exhibit luck which make for an excell ent photograph . Ms. Tripp also told us of document ing public works construction in turn-of-th e­ someofthe troubles and joys she experienced while making the book, century Toronto. The images included we re commissioned by " Moments of Beauty", which shows some of Mr. Upton's images and the City Engineer as a means of documenting how well the gives details on how they were made and printed. City was meeting its publ ic works responsibilities. Three We had a show for hardware buffs in November, and it was a ' leadin g photographers contracted for this work included unusual as it was enlightening. Mr. Fri tz Shultz, a glass expert from Josiah Bruce, F.W. Micklethwaite and A.F. Rusl. Zeiss Oberkochen, gave a talk on the history of glass lenses and the These everyday work scenes show the paving of Spadina origins of the Carl Zeiss Foundati on. It is hard to imagine the Avenue and Yonge, King and Queen Streets, erection of metal complexity wi thin a suppo edly simple piece of glass, made from bri dges in place of wooden ones, and other projects. There is natural elements and used in precision optical instruments. also a ra re bird's-eye view of the City, taken in 1894. Many of In the earl y 1800s, microscopes were made using lenses whi ch the photographs have been used to illustrate the City En­ were individ ua ll y selected for each instrument, because there was no gineer's Annual Reports, which are invaluable sources of consistent way of reproducing lenses wi th specific characteri sti cs. informati on for students of Toronto's history. Whether an instrument could be sold for 100 marks or 1,000 mark s The show run s from February 20 to June 19 at Toronto depended upon whether the lenses chosen happened to work together Archive's Market Gallery, 95 Front Street East at Jarvis. witho ut much aberration. Ernst Abbe, a mathematician, was hired by Admission is free. Gall ery hours are Wed. - Fri. lOam to 4 Zeiss to find a way to calcul ate the refraction of glass lenses, so their pm, Sal. 9 am to 4 pm , and Sunday noon to 4 pm. C losed properties could be predicted reliably before they were ground and the Mondays, Tuesdays and civic holidays. microscopes could be produced more cheaply with higher, more 16 Advertisements Coming Events Members are invited to submit one free advertisement to the If you are staging an event of interest to photographic classified section of each issue. Limit 50 words or we wi ll collectors. let us know two months in advance and we will edit. include it in this column.

-WANTED- Photos relating lO soccer in Canada. or suggesti ons as to poss ibl e so urces. Les PHSOC Toronto Group monthly meetings. Gold Room in the North York Jones. 53 Sil verbirch Ave .. Toronto. Onl. M4E 3L I. Tel: da ys. (4 16) 363-26 12 Central Lib rary. 5 120 Yonge St.. North York . Ontario. at 8: 00 pm . Conta ct PHSOC or Eve ren Roseborough. 10 Northolt Court. Etobicokc. Onl. M9A Stereo projector for Rea li st form at mounts. R. Dynes. Box 9 102. Stoney Creek. 3BI . (4 16) 233 -4678. Onl. L8G 3X7. tel: (4 16) 662-48 12 I ) Box plate. box magazine and unusual box ca meras. 2) Stereo vie ws of Jan . 20. 1988 - Robert Guneridge on Ea rly Ci nema in Toronto. Saguena y and Lake SI. John . Quebec. Gregoire Cy r. 2622 Dubose. Jonqui ere. Feb. 17. 1988 - Dan Gibson. ea rl y Toronto Cinematographer on Quebec G 7S I B2 his own work. Mar. 16. 1988 - AUC TIO NIGHT - Bring items to sell . money Coll ections wa nted: ea rl y. rare. classics. 35 111111 . ro ll. (win lens. sub-miniature. to spend. and a friend with who m you can share wood and brass. etc. th e fun . John B. Linsky. 6 Kirkton Road. Downsview. Ontario M3H I K7 Apr. 20. 1988 - PHSOC Annu al General Meeting. Photos from before 1935. or any other cOll ec table items. marked Dakota. Dakota Territory. Oak .. or D.T. for referen ce in th e preparatio n of a book on photographers in the Dakotas. Send desc ription to Robert Kolbe. 636 West Nov 25,1987 - Jun 1988 2 1s t. Sioux Falls. SO 57 105. USA. Tel: (605) 336-9834. MAGI C LANTERNS. An ex hib ition of 175 exce ptional glass slides. fi ve projection lanterns and related artifacts. Organi zed by Stanley G. Triggs. -FOR SALE- curator of th e Notman Photographic Archi ves. Hours: Wed-Sun I I - 5. Adu lt s adm . $ 1. Atthe McCord Museum of Canadian Hi story. 690 Sherbrooke Street West. Mon treal. Quebec. 19 14 Kodak I A Autographic Junior: also 1962 Retina ReOex III with Xenon f/ I.9-50mm lens. A. Kandaji . 5 Agate Rd . apl. 1110. Downsview. Ont M3M Jan 27 - Mar 27, 1988 2B2. Tel: (4 16) 638-6542. THE LIV ER OIS: 120 Years of Work in Quebec City 0854-1974). An cx hibition of the work of Isa i Benoit de Livernois and hi s fami ly. Inc ludes 194 - BOOKS FOR SALE - photographs documenting the life of Quebec City and its surroundings. A 340 page book is avai lable in the McCord Boutique. Hours: Wed-Sun I I - 5. Ad ults McKeown's Price Guide. Si xth Edition. 672 pages with 6000 cameras and adm . $ 1. At the McCord Muse um of Canadia n Hi story. 690 Sherbroo ke SI. prices. Price: $35 plus $4 ship ping for PHSOC members. Se nd money order to: West. Mon treal. Quebec. Ron Anger. 194 Craighurst Ave .. Toronto. Onl. M4R I K2. Tel: (4 16) 483- Feb 12, 13 & 14, 1988 4 185 FLORIDA PHOTOCOLLECTORS PHOTO SHOW. Miami Armory. 13250 Camera Work ers: The Bri ti sh Columbia Photographers Directory. 1858- 1900 N.E. 8th Avenue. North Miami. FL. 11-6 Sal. 10-4 Sun . Contact FPC, PO Box by Da vid Malliso n. Lists photographers by name wi th full cross refere nces. life 15224. Plant atio n. FL 333 18. (305) 473- 1596. With NAT IONAL STEREO­ dates. area of operation. type of photography, addresses. biographical SCOPIC ASSOC. REG IONAL CON FER ENCE. Howa rd John son - Golden summary. more. 150 pages. over 47 5 names. Cerl ox bind ing. ISBN 0- Glades. 7 -9:30 Fri Ni ghl. 9692029-0-3. Se nd S I8 (USS I5 in U.S.) + $3 shipping/handling to Camera Work ers Press. P.O. Box 684. St n ""E"". Victoria. B. c. V8W 2P3. Mar 23 - May 8, 1988 THE PHOTOGRAP HS of David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson. A co ll ection of images by these pioneerin g portrait ph otographers. organi zed by - OF INTEREST - thc Mendel Art Ga ll ery in Saskatoon. This is the last on the collec ti on's national to ur. At the Art Ga ll ery of Ontario. 3 17 Dundas SI. West. Toronto. Coll ect Nik ons? Join th e NIKON HISTORICAL SOC IETY. Fou r years old Tel: (416) 977-04 14. and growing. wit h over 120 members worldwi de who specialize in the Nikon rangefi nder se ries. Our 20 page magazin e. The Nikon Journal. is published Mar 27.1988 quarterl y at a cost of onl y $20 (U.S.). Contact: Robert Rotoloni. P.O. Box 32 13. Munster. IN 4632 1. USA. CHI CAGO PHOTOGRAPHIC COLLECTORS SOCIETY SPRI NG FAIR. Westin Hotel-O·Hare. 6 100 Ri ver Road. Rosemont.lL. Info from CPCS. P.O. PHSOC member Da vid Scopik is condu ctin g ""Summer Workshops in Box 375. Wi nnetka . IL 60093. Photography 1988"". in PORTUGAL May 3 1 - June 9 (info: call Ryerso n Fi lm and Photography Dept.. (416) 979-51 80) and in MEXI CO Jul y II - Jul y 29 (info: call On tario Coll ege of Art ,(4 16)977-531 I). Register ea rl y if yo u would like to attend ei ther of these wo rk shops. May I, 1988 PHSOC SPRING 1988 PHOTOGRAPHICA FAIR. Back to our usual spring location at the Holiday Inn Don Valley, 1250 Eglinton PHOTOGRAPHY ON BALD MOUNTAIN Ave E., Toronto at the Don Vall ey Parkway. 10 a. m. - 5 p.m. Admission $4 ($3 with di scount ticket). Sellers: tables $40 for REPAIR AND RESTORATION OF ANTIOUE, members. $50 for non-members. table set-up starts at 7 a.m. Contact CLASSIC, SCIENTIFIC, AND PROFES5SIONAL Doug Dann. phone (4 16) 232-0759 for information or to reserve PHOTO EQUIPMENT. DESIGN, FABRICATION, tabl es. AND MODIFICATION SERVICES AVAILABLE.

SPECIALIZING IN MECHANICAL AND OPTICAL WORK FOR UNUSUAL OR OBSOLETE CAMERAS May 8.1988 AND SMALL INSTRUMENTS. PHOTOGRAPHIC COLLECTORS CLUB OF GREAT BRITAIN FAIR. Roya l Horti cultural Society'S Old Hal l. Vi nce nt Sq uare. Westminster Londo n. P.O. Box 113, DAVENPORT, CALIFORNIA 95017 I 1-5. Access: Rail & Coach - Vic tori a: Underground - Pimlico. Victoria. (408) 423-4485 Contact PCCGB. P.O. Box 127 A. Surbiton, Surrey KT6 7EE. England. Phone 01 -339-9367. 17 stereo the v#ay

new STEMAR stereo attachment

STEMAR introduces stereo to the leica System! Interchangeable with other Leica Lenses, STEMAR enables leica owners to take both regular and stereo shots on the same roll of black and white or color film. The stereo pair appear side by side on a double frame, eliminating cutting, transposing, or remounting.

STEMAR gets perfect 3-D pictures of objects near or far-up to about 10 feet you use STEMAR (a) with Lens Hood (d) for perfect stereo perspec­ tive; for greater distances you attach the Stereo Prism {bl. STEMAR couples to rangefinder; special viewfinder (c) fits accessory clip. You can enjoy your STEMAR stereos with the hand viewer (e) or with a projector such as the Prado 500 or Prado 150.

STEREO HAND VIEWER STEMAR stereos are ready for hand viewing or projection as received from the processor without cutting or re­ mounting. To achieve the transposition necessary for hand viewing, the unique STEMAR viewer contains special prisms that transpose the stereo pair optically, eliminating all remounting. Magnification : 5X. Comes with or without battery-powered light attachment.

Edilor 's nole: Here's something for al/ you stereo fans, and it's Canadian to bool. This Leitz advertisement from 1955 feMures the Stemar stereo allachmenl and accessories. produced in Midhwd, Ontario by Ernst Leitz Canada Limited and exported 10 Leica distributors world wide. ANEW MODERN SETTING FOR YOUR FAVOR ITE SNAPSHOTS

»» KODASTAND FOR DESK OR TABLE

IN THE KODASTAND you have a suitable setting for your favorite snapshots-a handsome frame for the pictures that you prize highly. Made of heavy metal, chromium-plated, the Kodastand is substantial and durable. The work of a well-known artist and designer, here is a distinctively modern adornment that will add beauty to any room. Kodastand holds two snapshots back to back. Each picture is protected by beveled plate glass. The pictures and the glass slip into slots in the metal uprights, where they are held firmly in place. Kodastand comes in two styles, each in two sizes- for 2Y2x 43i­ inch and 3;!-ix5Y2-inch prints respectively. Both styles are priced, in the smaller size, at $3.50; and, in the larger size, at $4.00. Ask your Kodak dealer to show you. CANADIAN KODAK CO./ LIMITED TORONTO, ONTARIO IltePltotographic Historical SocietY'oj Canada 1 THE 14th ANNUAL I PHOTOGRAPHICA-FAIR '88 THE 14th ANNUAL o I ., ~ ~ i INTERNATIONAL ANTIQUE PHOTOGRAPHIC ~ 7:':il I EXHIBITION AND SALE I-- 0 - PHOTOGRAPHICA- FAIR -1988 'E .~ ~ I • _ HOLIDAY INN DON VALLEY ~, INTERNA TIONAL ANTIQUE PHOTOGRAPHIC EXHIBITION AND SALE qj I-- i ~ .'; \: " I ~ 'I 1250 Eghnton Ave . E" Toronto ~~~~ .!!l « 1! I ~\II, lit Cit at Don Valley Pkwy '\ ' i ': ~ I-- I ', llJI, --)J SUNDAY, MAY 1, 1988 !' . ~ I SUNDAY MAY 1 ;.E &,::§ I . . 10:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. - • . '. 10 A.M. TO 5 P.M. ~ 3: i BUY - SELL - TRADE - BROWSE I Sponsored by the Photographic Historica l Society of Canada COMMONWEALTH ROOM HOLIDAY INN - DON VALLEY 1 THE 14th ANNUAL o i PHOTOGRAPHICA-FAIR '88 1 250 EGLINTON AVE. E., TORONTO ., ~ 8 II INTERNATIONAL ANTIQUE PHOTOGRAPHIC -'" ..., '" .!< c: 0 E I-- II . ~ , . , 1250 Eghn ton Ave . E" Toronto ~,",r-:" .,' '1j EARLY PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT AND IMAGES !!l « 1! I ' I,: \"'I C~1" 1 at Don Valley Pkwy. \ .\' " I i' ': ~ I-- I I , ____ ~ SUNDAY, MAY 1, 1988 . I , ! <'1.1 tf.- 0.0:> ..c::: I . . 10.' 00 a..m - 5 .' 00 pm. . -

FAIR INFORMATION CHAIRMAN DOUGLAS S. DANN 4875 DUNDAS ST. W. (No. 404) ISLINGTON, ONT. M9A 183 (416) 232-0759 AFTER 5:00 P.M.