Violence, Catastrophe, and Agency in Nepal: a Deeper Understanding of the 2015 Earthquakes and Border Blockade
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Lessons from the 2015 Nepal Earthquake Housing
LESSONS FROM THE 2015 NEPAL EARTHQUAKE 4 HOUSING RECOVERY Maggie Stephenson April 2020 We build strength, stability, self-reliance through shelter. PAGE 1 Front cover photograph Volunteer Upinder Maharsin (red shirt) helps to safely remove rubble in Harisiddhi village in the Lalitpur district. Usable bricks and wood were salvaged for reconstruction later, May 2015. © Habitat for Humanity International/Ezra Millstein. Back cover photograph Sankhu senior resident in front of his house, formerly three stories, reduced by the earthquake to one-story, with temporary CGI roof. November 2019. © Maggie Stephenson. All photos in this report © Maggie Stephenson except where noted otherwise. PAGE 2 FOREWORD Working in a disaster-prone region brings challenges emerging lessons that offer insights and guidance for and opportunities. Five years after Nepal was hit by future disaster responses for governments and various devastating earthquakes in April 2015, tens of thou- stakeholders. Key questions are also raised to help sands of families are still struggling to rebuild their frame further discussions. homes. Buildings of historical and cultural significance Around the world, 1.6 billion people are living without that bore the brunt of the disaster could not be re- adequate shelter and many of them are right here in stored. Nepal. The housing crisis is getting worse due to the While challenges abound, opportunities have also global pandemic’s health and economic fallouts. Be- opened up, enabling organizations such as Habitat cause of Habitat’s vision, we must increase our efforts for Humanity to help affected families to build back to build a more secure future through housing. -
Across the Universe? a Comparative Analysis of Violent Behavior And
The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Across the Universe? A Comparative Analysis of Violent Behavior and Radicalization Across Three Offender Types with Implications for Criminal Justice Training and Education Author(s): John G. Horgan, Ph.D., Paul Gill, Ph.D., Noemie Bouhana, Ph.D., James Silver, J.D., Ph.D., Emily Corner, MSc. Document No.: 249937 Date Received: June 2016 Award Number: 2013-ZA-BX-0002 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this federally funded grant report available electronically. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Across the Universe? A Comparative Analysis of Violent Behavior and Radicalization Across Three Offender Types with Implications for Criminal Justice Training and Education Final Report John G. Horgan, PhD Georgia State University Paul Gill, PhD University College, London Noemie Bouhana, PhD University College, London James Silver, JD, PhD Worcester State University Emily Corner, MSc University College, London This project was supported by Award No. 2013-ZA-BX-0002, awarded by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. The opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Justice 1 ABOUT THE REPORT ABOUT THE PROJECT The content of this report was produced by John Horgan (Principal Investigator (PI)), Paul Gill (Co-PI), James Silver (Project Manager), Noemie Bouhana (Co- Investigator), and Emily Corner (Research Assistant). -
Federalism Is Debated in Nepal More As an ‘Ism’ Than a System
The FEDERALISM Debate in Nepal Post Peace Agreement Constitution Making in Nepal Volume II Post Peace Agreement Constitution Making in Nepal Volume II The FEDERALISM Debate in Nepal Edited by Budhi Karki Rohan Edrisinha Published by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Support to Participatory Constitution Building in Nepal (SPCBN) 2014 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Support to Participatory Constitution Building in Nepal (SPCBN) UNDP is the UN’s global development network, advocating for change and connecting countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better life. United Nations Development Programme UN House, Pulchowk, GPO Box: 107 Kathmandu, Nepal Phone: +977 1 5523200 Fax: +977 1 5523991, 5523986 ISBN : 978 9937 8942 1 0 © UNDP, Nepal 2014 Book Cover: The painting on the cover page art is taken from ‘A Federal Life’, a joint publication of UNDP/ SPCBN and Kathmandu University, School of Art. The publication was the culmination of an initiative in which 22 artists came together for a workshop on the concept of and debate on federalism in Nepal and then were invited to depict their perspective on the subject through art. The painting on the cover art titled ‘’Emblem” is created by Supriya Manandhar. DISCLAIMER: The views expressed in the book are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of UNDP/ SPCBN. PREFACE A new Constitution for a new Nepal drafted and adopted by an elected and inclusive Constituent Assembly (CA) is a key element of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) of November 2006 that ended a decade long Maoist insurgency. -
Godot Has Arrived-Federal Restructuring in Nepal: Number 33
Occasional Paper Series Number 33 Godot Has Arrived! – Federal Restructuring in Nepal Mara Malagodi Godot Has Arrived! – Federal Restructuring in Nepal Mara Malagodi © Forum of Federations, 2019 ISSN: 1922-558X (online ISSN 1922-5598) Occasional Paper Series Number 33 Godot Has Arrived! – Federal Restructuring in Nepal By Mara Malagodi For more information about the Forum of Federations and its publications, please visit our website: www.forumfed.org. Forum of Federations 75 Albert Street, Suite 411 Ottawa, Ontario (Canada) K1P 5E7 Tel: (613) 244-3360 Fax: (613) 244-3372 [email protected] Godot Has Arrived! – Federal Restructuring in Nepal 3 Overview This chapter analyses the process and modalities that led to the federalisation of Nepal’s unitary state. It explores the historical circumstances in which demands for federalism emerged and the federal settlement enshrined in Nepal’s new Constitution promulgated on 20 September 2015. The question of federalism gained prominence in Nepal’s public discourse during the ‘People’s War’, the ten-year- long armed insurgency (1996-2006) launched by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) to overthrow the government. In fact, the drafting of Nepal’s seventh constitution was part of the peace process that began in 2006. The new dispensation was expected to reflect the political commitment to ‘building a New Nepal’ – an inclusive and democratic polity – through a radical programme of state restructuring. The Maoists, together with various ethno-cultural and regional groups, argued that the 1990 Constitution, which was to re-democratize the country after thirty years of Panchayat monarchical autocracy (1960-1990), inadequately addressed – if not reinforced – patterns of exclusion of many groups on the basis of class and/or identity and they saw territorial autonomy for ethno-linguistic and regional groups as the key solution to the country’s rampant discrimination. -
Scarica Il Rapporto 2015
lo stato della popolazione nel mondo 2015 lo stato lo stato della popolazione nel mondo 2015 AL RIPARO DALLA TEMPESTA: U TEMPESTA: DALLA AL RIPARO N agenda Costruire un mondo ’ in cui ogni gravidanza sia desiderata ogni parto innovativa sicuro e le potenzialità PER di ogni giovane siano realizzate DONNE E raga zz E , AL RIPARO IN UN MONDO DALLA IN continua TEMPESTA emergen Un’agenda innovativa per donne e ragazze, in un mondo Fondo delle Nazioni Unite z A per la popolazione Associazione italiana donne in continua emergenza 605 Third Avenue per lo sviluppo New York, NY 10158 USA Via dei Giubbonari 30 00186 - Roma Tel. +1-212 297-5000 tel. +39 06 687 3214/196 www.unfpa.org [email protected] ©Unfpa 2015 www.aidos.it Stampato su carta ecologica Lo Stato della popolazione nel mondo 2015 GLOSSARIO DEI TERMINI UMANITARI Ricercatrice principale Redazione Therese McGinn Caporedattore: Richard Kollodge Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman Redattrice associata e responsabile versione digitale: Katheline Ruiz AZIONE UMANITARIA DIRITTI UMANI motivi di etnia, religione, nazionalità, School of Public Health, Columbia University appartenenza a un determinato gruppo Sviluppatore digitale: Hanno Ranck L'azione umanitaria fornisce servizi Tutti i diritti umani si fondano sulla sociale o opinioni politiche, e che non Ricercatori E autori Progettazione e produzione della versione stampa e web salva vita e facilita il ritorno alla dignità e il valore propri di ogni essere può o non vuole, a causa di tale timore, Jacqueline Bhabha interattiva Prographics, Inc. normalità di persone e comunità umano. Il concetto di diritto umano Harvard T.H. -
Original Article Effectiveness of Community
Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2020, Vol. 20 (3): 117-124 ORIGINAL ARTICLE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH EDUCATION ON PREPAREDNESS FOR FLOOD-RELATED COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN KELANTAN Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohammad, Wan Nor Arifin Wan Mansor, Noor Aman A. Hamid, Surianti Sukeri, Habsah Hassan, Zeehaida Mohamed, Lee Yeong Yeh, Alwi Muhd Besari, Nani Draman and Rosnani Zakaria School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. Corresponding author: Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohammad Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The flood disaster in Kelantan in 2014 had resulted in substantial health implications including increased cases of communicable diseases. There was a lack of community preparedness including customized health educations in the prevention and control of flood-related communicable diseases in the affected areas. The research was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based health education modules on flood-related communicable diseases among communities in Kelantan. Health education modules focusing on major food-related diseases were developed. A non-randomized community-controlled trial using the modules were conducted. Outcomes were assessed on knowledge, attitude and preventive practice scores to flood-related communicable diseases using a pre-validated questionnaire. Independent t test was used to compare mean scores between the intervention community (Tumpat) and the control community (Bachok) at 1-month post intervention. One-way independent ANOVA test was done to compare score differences at baseline (pre), post 1-month and post 2-month from repeated surveys among random samples within the intervention community. There were significant improvements in all knowledge components from 9.4% to 52.6% with 10% increment in attitude scores toward preventing behaviours on flood-related communicable diseases. -
Glossary of Terms, Acronyms, Phrases & Initialisms Used in Disaster
Glossary of Terms, Acronyms, Phrases & Initialisms used in Disaster Survival Preparedness and Relief If you’re new to the prepping world, you’re going to come across a lot of lingo — especially on forums — that you might not understand right away. Here is a quick glossary we have put together of some of the terms you’ll run into. Survivalists, Preppers, CERT Members, and Government Personnel involved in Disaster Relief have a Lexicon all their own, so we’ve provided a bit of reference to help you get a grip on what they’re saying. You can bookmark this page and come back to it if you need to look a certain phrase up while reading survival preparedness articles and materials. NOTE: In case you wondered what the difference is between an acronym and and initialism: acronym - (a type of abbreviation) A word formed from the initial parts (letters OR syllables OR arbitrary parts) of a name. Examples: NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) initialism - (a type of abbreviation) A group of initial letters used as an abbreviation for a name or expression, each letter being pronounced separately. For example, “BBC” (British Broadcasting Corporation), or “PBS” (Public Broadcasting System). As Safety Professionals and Ocean Nuts – we like to use this example: SCBA (Self Contained Breathing Apparatus) is an Initialism, whereas SCUBA (Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) is an Acronym. So all those people out there referring to “TLA’s” (Three Letter Acronyms) like “BFF” are mistaken, and one of our favorite phrases “TLA is a TLA for TLA” is just plain wrong. -
Rehabilitation Following Natural Disasters: Three Important Lessons from the 2015 Earthquake in Nepal
Physiotherapy Practice and Research 37 (2016) 69–72 69 DOI 10.3233/PPR-160075 IOS Press Invited Commentary Rehabilitation following natural disasters: Three important lessons from the 2015 earthquake in Nepal Michel D. Landrya,∗, Edwin C. Salvadorb, Phillip S. Sheppardc and Sudha R. Ramand aPhysical Therapy Division, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC, USA bPublic Health Administrator, World Health Organization (WHO), Dhaka, Bangladesh cInternational Organization for Migration (IOM), Chautara, Sindhupalchok, Nepal dDuke Clinical Research Institute (DCRI), Duke University, Durham, NC, USA Abstract. On April 25, 2015, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake occurred in Nepal; then on the afternoon of May 12, 2015, the small Himalayan nation experienced a second 7.3 magnitude earthquake. As of the writing of this commentary, the estimate of casualties has surpassed 8,500 making it the deadliest natural disaster in Nepal over the past 80 years. Technological advances in emergency medicine and emergency preparedness have increased the likelihood of surviving a disaster. The result, however, is that populations often survive with complex disabilities that the health infrastructure struggles to accommodate in the early post- disaster period. Nepal had a relatively poor infrastructure for people with disabilities before the earthquake, and the health system will now will be challenged to meet their needs into the future. In this commentary, we argue that there were at least three main lessons learned for the rehabilitation sector following the 2015 earthquake. First, rehabilitation can facilitate earlier discharge from hospitals thereby improving the overall institutional capacity to treat a higher number of patients; second, rehabilitation can prevent secondary musculoskeletal, integumentary and pulmonary complications; and third, rehabilitation improves function so that individuals can have better access to other essential post-disaster services. -
Contributions of Volunteered Geographic Information to Community Disaster Resilience
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health 1-1-2018 The good, the bad, and the uncertain: Contributions of volunteered geographic information to community disaster resilience Billy Tusker Haworth University of Manchester Eleanor Bruce University of Sydney, [email protected] Joshua Whittaker University of Wollongong, [email protected] Roisin Read University of Manchester Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/smhpapers1 Publication Details Citation Haworth, B. T., Bruce, E., Whittaker, J., & Read, R. (2018). The good, the bad, and the uncertain: Contributions of volunteered geographic information to community disaster resilience. Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B. Retrieved from https://ro.uow.edu.au/smhpapers1/390 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] The good, the bad, and the uncertain: Contributions of volunteered geographic information to community disaster resilience Abstract The adoption of location-based information sharing technologies, and the emergence of volunteered geographic information (VGI), has seen changes to community involvement in disaster management. The concept of resilience, and recognition of the capacity for renewal, re-organization, and societal development, has gained currency in disaster management. However, the opportunities presented by spatially referenced data for sourcing contextual information for understanding processes of social- ecological resilience and fostering local inclusion has not been examined. We examine how web 2.0 platforms, including VGI and social media, can support resilience building, and critically evaluate how these technologies potentially undermine resilience. -
Special Edition: Disaster Risk Reduction: a Road of Opportunities
Youth Science-Policy Interface Publication Special Edition Source: Nasa Earth Observation isk DISASTEDISASTEReduction a road of opportunities isk DISASTEReduction a road of opportunities Launched at the UNISDR Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction Conference, Cancun, Mexico. May, 2017 Suggested Citation UNMGCY Youth Science Policy Interface Publication – Special Edition: Disaster Risk Reduction: A Road of Opportunities. May, 2017. Content Disclaimer 4 Executive Summary 5 Disaster reduction & disaster preparedness >Anthropocentric principles for effective early warning systems 8 >Communicating risk information and early warnings: bridging the gap between science and practice 13 >Community preparedness on undetonated explosive remnants of war Kenya 24 >Developing and implementing effective (multi-hazard) early warning systems: the vital role of young professionals 32 >Disaster risk during flood situations in the dry zone of Sri Lanka 37 >Redefining disaster (excerpts from a thesis at Kanagawa University in Japan) 42 >Reducing disaster risks by better prediction of the impacts of El Niño and La Niña 48 > Role of Nepali nurses in disaster risk reduction: a need for capacity building 52 > Staying safe: disaster risk reduction 56 Science, technology & innovation >Digital government for better disaster risk governance? added value and challenges 57 >Two-dimensional Mudflood Simulation in Arequipa, Peru 64 >Synthetic biology and its effects on environment and human health 68 Disaster resilience >Incremental Shelters for Refugees and Host -
FY 2015 Report to Congress
PROPOSED REFUGEE ADMISSIONS FOR FISCAL YEAR 2015 REPORT TO THE CONGRESS SUBMITTED ON BEHALF OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES TO THE COMMITTEES ON THE JUDICIARY UNITED STATES SENATE AND UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTIONS 207(d)(1) and (e) OF THE IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ACT UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES INTRODUCTION This Proposed Refugee Admissions for Fiscal Year 2015: Report to the Congress is submitted in compliance with Sections 207(d)(1) and (e) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). The Act requires that before the start of the fiscal year and, to the extent possible, at least two weeks prior to consultations on refugee admissions, members of the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and the House of Representatives be provided with the following information: (1) A description of the nature of the refugee situation; (2) A description of the number and allocation of the refugees to be admitted and an analysis of conditions within the countries from which they came; (3) A description of the plans for their movement and resettlement and the estimated cost of their movement and resettlement; (4) An analysis of the anticipated social, economic, and demographic impact of their admission to the United States; 1 (5) A description of the extent to which other countries will admit and assist in the resettlement of such refugees; (6) An analysis of the impact of the participation of the United States in the resettlement of such refugees on the foreign policy interests of the United States; and (7) Such additional information as may be appropriate or requested by such members. -
Financial Management of Earthquake Risk
Financial Management of Earthquake Risk Please cite this publication as: OECD (2018), Financial Management of Earthquake Risk, www.oecd.org/finance/Financial-Management-of-Earthquake-Risk.htm. This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the OECD or of the governments of its member countries or those of the European Union. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. © OECD 2018 FOREWORD │ 5 Foreword Disasters present a broad range of human, social, financial, economic and environmental impacts, with potentially long-lasting, multi-generational effects. The financial management of these impacts is a key challenge for individuals, businesses and governments in developed and developing countries. The Financial Management of Earthquake Risk applies the lessons from the OECD’s analysis of disaster risk financing practices and the application of its guidance to the specific case of earthquakes. The report provides an overview of the approaches that economies facing various levels of earthquake risk and economic development have taken to managing the financial impacts of earthquakes. The OECD supports the development of strategies and the implementation of effective approaches for the financial management of natural and man-made disaster risks under the guidance of the OECD High-Level Advisory Board on Financial Management of Catastrophic Risks and the OECD Insurance and Private Pensions Committee.