Gang Injunctions and Gang Data Bases
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“It's Getting Crazy out There”: Can A
\\server05\productn\C\CPP\4-3\CPP305.txt unknown Seq: 1 8-AUG-05 15:13 “IT’S GETTING CRAZY OUT THERE”: CAN A CIVIL GANG INJUNCTION CHANGE A COMMUNITY?* CHERYL L. MAXSON University of California, Irvine KAREN M. HENNIGAN DAVID C. SLOANE University of Southern California Research Summary: Civil gang injunctions are an increasingly popular gang suppression tactic. This article reports on the first scientific evaluation of the com- munity impact of this strategy. San Bernardino residents in five neigh- borhoods were surveyed about their perceptions and experience of crime, gang activity, and neighborhood quality 18 months before and 6 months after the issuance of an injunction. Analyses indicated positive evidence of short-term effects in the disordered, primary injunction area, including less gang presence, fewer reports of gang intimidation, and less fear of confrontation with gang members, but no significant changes in intermediate or long-term outcomes except lower fear of crime. Comparison of this injunction area with a previous one sug- gested that improvements in neighborhood dynamics might accrue over the long term. Negative effects were observed in the secondary, less disordered injunction area. Policy Implications: This study suggests that the strategic suppression of gang member activities may translate into modest immediate improvements in com- munity safety and well-being. Furthermore, the findings suggest that law enforcement use caution regarding the size of an injunction area and the type of gang targeted by the tactic. Coupling an injunction with * Address all correspondence to Cheryl Maxson, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, 2309 Social Ecology II, University of California, Irvine, CA 02697-7080. -
Dignity Takings in Gangland's Suburban Frontier
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Chicago-Kent College of Law Chicago-Kent Law Review Volume 92 Article 7 Issue 3 Dignity Takings and Dignity Restoration 3-6-2018 Dignity Takings in Gangland’s Suburban Frontier Lua Kamál Yuille University of Kansas School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview Part of the Legal Remedies Commons, and the Property Law and Real Estate Commons Recommended Citation Lua K. Yuille, Dignity Takings in Gangland’s Suburban Frontier, 92 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 793 (2018). Available at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview/vol92/iss3/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chicago-Kent Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DIGNITY TAKINGS IN GANGLAND’S SUBURBAN FRONTIER LUA KAMÁL YUILLE* PREFACE:LOC’D UP,CORNERED,&BANISHED The background is idyllic. This encounter must have been captured at what filmmakers call the magic hour; that period shortly before sunset when the light is perfect. The streets are lined with palm trees. Quaint mid- century, middle class houses sit in neatly appointed yards, whose trimmed green lawns belie the state’s debilitating water crises. This is why people live in California. The foreground, though, is more menacing. It is not that this corner is occupied by three Black youths that makes it menacing. -
Can Civil Gang Injunctions Change Communities? a Community Assessment of the Impact of Civil Gang Injunctions
The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Can Civil Gang Injunctions Change Communities? A Community Assessment of the Impact of Civil Gang Injunctions Author(s): Cheryl L. Maxson, Karen Hennigan, David Sloane, Kathy A. Kolnick Document No.: 208345 Date Received: January 2005 Award Number: 98-IJ-CX-0038 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Can Civil Gang Injunctions Change Communities? A Community Assessment of the Impact of Civil Gang Injunctions Cheryl L. Maxson, Ph.D. Department of Criminology, Law and Society School of Social Ecology University of California, Irvine Karen Hennigan, Ph.D. Social Science Research Institute University of Southern California, Los Angeles David Sloane, Ph.D. School of Policy, Planning and Development University of Southern California, Los Angeles Kathy A. Kolnick School of Policy, Planning and Development University of Southern California, Los Angeles April 2004 Final report submitted to the National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice, Grant #98-IJ-CX-0038. Points of view or opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U.S. Department of Justice. i This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. -
Not to Be Published in the Official Reports in The
Filed 7/29/04 P. v. Pok CA2/8 NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS California Rules of Court, rule 977(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 977(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication or ordered published for purposes of rule 977. IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT DIVISION EIGHT THE PEOPLE, B166394 Plaintiff and Respondent, (Los Angeles County Super. Ct. No. SA043631) v. SOPHAN POK, Defendant and Appellant. APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County. Steven van Sicklen, Jr., Judge. Affirmed as modified. Richard A. Levy, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and Appellant. Bill Lockyer, Attorney General, Robert R. Anderson, Chief Assistant Attorney General, Pamela C. Hamanaka, Senior Assistant Attorney General, Lane E. Winters, Supervising Deputy Attorney General and Richard T. Breen, Deputy Attorney General, for Plaintiff and Respondent. Carlos Gonzalez, who happened to be in the territory of the Venice 13 gang, was shot to death on November 11, 2001, in retaliation for the shooting death earlier that day of John Lovejoy, a member of the Culver City Boys gang and Diablo clique to which appellant Pok belonged. Following a jury trial, appellant Sophan Pok was convicted of 1 the first degree murder of Carlos Gonzalez (Pen. Code, § 187, count 4 or 5), possession of cocaine for sale (Health & Saf. Code, § 11351, count 1), possession of methamphetamine for sale (Health & Saf. -
Cdcr Recognized Disruptive Groups June 5, 2012
CDCR RECOGNIZED DISRUPTIVE GROUPS JUNE 5, 2012 GANG NAMES 17TH ST ROAD KINGS ACORN MOB AKRHO BOYS CRAZZYS AMNI ANOTHER ORDER ANSAR EL MUHAMMAD ARMENIAN POWER ARYAN BROTHERHOOD - FEDERAL SYSTEM ARYAN BROTHERHOOD OF TEXAS ARYAN NATION ARYAN WARRIORS ASAIN-MASTERS OF DESTRUCTION ASIAN CRIPS ASIAN-AMERICAN BORN IN CHINA ASIAN-ASIAN BOYS ASIAN-ASIAN MAFIA ASSASSIN ASIAN-ASIAN PERSUASION ASIAN-BAHALA-NA GANG ASIAN-HOP SING BOYS ASIAN-JACKSON ST BOYS ASIAN-KING COBRAS ASIAN-KOREAN COBRA BOYS ASIAN-MABUHAY PINOY ASIAN-MONGOLIAN BOYS SOCIETY ASIAN-NINJA CLAN ASSASSINS ASIAN-NON SPECIFIC ASIAN-ORIENTAL BOYS ASIAN-ORIENTAL LAZY BOYS ASIAN-ORIENTAL MOB ASIAN-ORIENTAL TROOP W/S ASIAN-ORIENTAL TROOPS ASIAN-PINOY REAL ASIAN-SONS OF DEVIL ASIAN-SONS OF SAMOA [SF] ASIAN-SONS OF SOMOA [LONG BEACH] ASIAN-V BOYS ASIAN-VIET CHING ASIAN-VIETNAMESE BOYS ASIAN-VIETNAMESE GANGSTER FAMILY ASIAN-VIETNAMESE NATOMA BOYS CDCR RECOGNIZED DISRUPTIVE GROUPS JUNE 5, 2012 ASIAN-WAH CHING ASIAN-WO HOP TO ATWOOD BABY BLUE WRECKING CREW BARBARIAN BROTHERHOOD BARHOPPERS M.C.C. BELL GARDENS WHITE BOYS BLACK DIAMONDS BLACK GANGSTER DISCIPLE BLACK GANGSTER DISCIPLES NATION BLACK GANGSTERS BLACK INLAND EMPIRE MOB BLACK MENACE MAFIA BLACK P STONE RANGER BLACK PANTHERS BLACK-NON SPECIFIC BLOOD-21 MAIN BLOOD-916 BLOOD-ATHENS PARK BOYS BLOOD-B DOWN BOYS BLOOD-BISHOP 9/2 BLOOD-BISHOPS BLOOD-BLACK P-STONE BLOOD-BLOOD STONE VILLAIN BLOOD-BOULEVARD BOYS BLOOD-BOUNTY HUNTER BLOOD-BOUNTY HUNTER [LOT BOYS] BLOOD-BOUNTY HUNTER-BELHAVEN BLOOD-BOUNTY HUNTER-INCKERSON GARDENS BLOOD-BOUNTY HUNTER-NICKERSON -
Effect of Gang Injunctions on Crime: a Study of Los Angeles from 1988-2014
Department of Criminology Working Paper No. 2018-3.0 Effect of Gang Injunctions on Crime: A Study of Los Angeles from 1988-2014 Greg Ridgeway Jeffrey Grogger Ruth Moyer John MacDonald This paper can be downloaded from the Penn Criminology Working Papers Collection: http://crim.upenn.edu Effect of Gang Injunctions on Crime: A Study of Los Angeles from 1988-2014 Greg Ridgeway Jeffrey Grogger Ruth Moyer John MacDonald Department of Criminology Harris School of Public Policy Department of Criminology Department of Criminology Department of Statistics University of Chicago University of Pennsylvania Department of Sociology University of Pennsylvania University of Pennsylvania Abstract Objective: Assess the effect of civil gang injunctions on crime. Methods: Data include crimes reported to the Los Angeles Police Department from 1988 to 2014 and the timing and geography of the safety zones that the injunctions create, from the first injunction in 1993 to the 46th injunction in 2013, the most recent during our study period. Because the courts activate the injunctions at different timepoints, we can compare the affected geography before and after the imposition of the injunction contrasted with comparison areas. We conduct separate analyses examining the average short-term impact and average long-term impact. The Rampart scandal and its investigation (1998-2000) caused the interruption of three injunctions creating a natural experiment. We use a series of difference-in-difference analyses to identify the effect of gang injunctions, including various methods for addressing spatial and temporal correlation. Results: Injunctions appear to reduce total crime by an estimated 5% in the short-term and as much as 18% in the long-term, with larger effects for assaults, 19% in the short-term and 35% in the long-term. -
Report on City Attorney's Gang Intervention, Prevention, Suppression Programs
OFFICE OF THE CITY ATTORNEY ROCKARD J. DELGADILLO CITY ATTORNEY February 10, 2006 TO: Councilman Tony Cardenas Chair, Ad Hoc Committee on Gang Violence and Youth Development FROM: Rockard J. Delgadillo, City Atto~ SUBJECT: Report on City Attorney's Gang Intervention, Prevention, Suppression Programs This report to the Ad Hoc Committee on Gang Violence and Youth Development details the gang intervention, prevention and suppression programs at the Los Angeles City Attorney's Office. Combating gang violence and curtailing gang activity within Los Angeles neighborhoods is a top priority for the City Attorney. The City Attorney's office continues to dedicate significant resources to gang prevention, intervention and suppression initiatives, and plans to maintain and fully support its successful efforts in this area. This report is comprised ofthree substantive parts. Part I will outline the work of the City Attorney's Gang Section, including a discussion on gang injunctions. Part II will discuss "Operation Bright Future", an anti-truancy and gang prevention program within the Crime Prevention and Youth Protection Section. Part III will outline the work of the Safe Neighborhoods Section. All three Sections - the Gang Section, the Crime Prevention and Youth Protection Section and the Safe Neighborhoods Section- are part of the Criminal Branch of the Office of the City Attorney. Although each Section utilizes a unique approach to combating gangs and gang violence, the three sections work in close collaboration with one another. I. Gang Section The City Attorney's Office Gang Section is a specialized vertical prosecution unit within the Criminal and Special Litigation Branch of the City Attorney's Office. -
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title "Expert" Racism: Police, politicians, the wealthy, and the production of racial boundaries in a Los Angeles neighborhood and beyond Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gx279fz Author Muniz, Ana Publication Date 2012 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles “Expert” Racism: Police, politicians, the wealthy, and the production of racial boundaries in a Los Angeles neighborhood and beyond A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology by Ana Muniz 2012 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION “Expert” Racism: Police, politicians, the wealthy, and the production of racial boundaries in a Los Angeles neighborhood and beyond by Ana Muniz Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology University of California, Los Angeles, 2012 Professor Stefan Timmermans, Chair My primary research question is: how do people in positions of power or with extensive resources at their disposal use information to control socially “deviant” groups and shape the physical geography of the city? I present four case studies that reconstruct the process of knowledge creation and the role of knowledge collection in both force and management in the areas of gang injunctions, broken windows/order maintenance policing, zoning, and development. The first three case studies focus on the Los Angeles neighborhood of Cadillac- Corning. I explore how housing development and school enrollment created the neighborhood’s boundaries in the 1960s. I address the puzzle of why how this small neighborhood came to be exceptional compared to the rest of the area in which it sits in terms of housing, demographics, ii stigmatization, and disproportionate policing. -
CCB Planning for 2021 –
COMMUNITY COLLEGE BUREAU – PLANNING FOR FALL OF 2021 RECOMMENDED CONTRACT STAFFING CHANGES Sheriff Alex Villanueva Chief Laura E. Lecrivain Commander John P. Burcher Countywide Services Division Captain John P. Gannon Community College Bureau July 2021 0 COMMUNITY COLLEGE BUREAU – PLANNING FOR FALL OF 2021 RECOMMENDED CONTRACT STAFFING CHANGES Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................ 2 SWOT Analysis ........................................................................................................................ 8 Staff & Student Demographics ............................................................................................... 9 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 11 Determining Appropriate Staffing ........................................................................................ 13 Consultant Recommendations ............................................................................................. 20 Security Operations Center .................................................................................................. 23 Higher Education Assessment Team(s) .............................................................................. 26 Detective Bureau ................................................................................................................... 28 Supervisors ........................................................................................................................... -
How Valuable Are Civil Liberties? Evidence from Gang Injunctions and Housing Prices in Southern California
How Valuable are Civil Liberties? Evidence from Gang Injunctions and Housing Prices in Southern California Emily Owens Michelle D. Mioduszewski Christopher J. Bates August 20201 Abstract Place-based and proactive policing strategies can reduce crime. However, the broader net impacts of these policies on targeted communities has yet to be quantified, meaning there is little empirical evidence on if, or when, policing is socially beneficial. Using a spatial discontinuity in constraints on police actions created by civil gang injunctions and temporal variation in when injunctions are enacted, we find that aggressive policing can reduce, rather than increase, people’s desire to live in affected neighborhoods. Mover demographics suggest that homebuyers perceive injunction areas as safe places, but where negative police encounters are common. Dividing our sample by pre-injunction crime rates suggest that net willingness-to-pay to avoid aggressive police encounters falls as the possible expected benefit from crime reduction increases. JEL Codes: K4, R2 Keywords: Policing, Crime, Inequality 1 Owens: Department of Criminology, Law and Society and Department of Economics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine CA 92697, [email protected]. Mioduszewski: Department of Criminology, Law and Society, University of California, Irvine, Irvine CA 92697, [email protected]. Bates: Department of Criminology, Law and Society, University of California, Irvine, Irvine CA 92697, [email protected]. We thank Matthew Freedman, Barry Friedman, Jeff Grogger, Rachel Harmon, Ying-Ying Lee, John MacDonald, Cheryl Maxson, Tracey Meares, Ana Muñiz, Maria Ponomarenko, George Tita, Hina Usman, and seminar participants at UC-Irvine Economics, George Mason Law School, Purdue University, the University of Chicago, AL CAPONE, NBER Summer Institute, the University of Houston, and the New York University Law School for feedback and comments. -
Notice of Settlement
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT, CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA If you were served with any of these gang injunctions, your rights may be affected, and you may have a right to receive benefits under a class action settlement Los Angeles County Superior Court Case Numbers • BC397522 (6 Gang) • NC030080 (Eastside Wilmas Gang & Westside • BC332713 (10 Gang) Wilmas Gang) • BC305434 (18th Street-Hollywood) • BC330087 (Grape Street Crips) • BC313309 (18th Street-Wilshire) • BC359944 (Highland Park) • BC319166 (38th Street) • BC282629 (KAM) • BC326016 (42nd Street, 43rd Street, & 48th Street • LC048292 (Langdon Street Gang) Gangster Crips) • BC311766 (Mara Salvatrucha) • BC287137 (Avenues) • BC351990 (Playboys) • BC335749 (Big Hazard) • BC298646 (Rolling Sixty Crips) • LC020525 (Blythe Street Gang) • BC349468 (School Yard Crips & Geer Street Crips) • BC267153 (Canoga Park Alabama) • BC319981 (Varrio Nuevo Estrada) • BC358881 (Clover, Eastlake & Lincoln Heights) • SC060375 (Venice 13) • SC056980 (Culver City Boys) • SC057282 (Venice Shoreline Crips) • BC359945 (Dogtown) • BC353596 (White Fence) A federal court authorized this notice. This is not an advertisement from a lawyer. You are not being sued or restrained. The settlement will provide these benefits: • Education, job training, job placement services, or services to support you in your current job, for you or a close family member, with a monetary stipend available for certain portions of the training; • An expedited process for you to apply to get off the gang injunction; • Tattoo removal services; and • Stopping the LAPD from enforcing certain provisions of the injunctions. YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS AND OPTIONS IN THIS SETTLEMENT OBJECT IN WRITING AND, IF YOU WISH, GO TO A Write a letter about why you don’t like the settlement and HEARING submit it no later than October 27, 2016. -
The Unconstitutionality, Ineffectiveness, and Alternatives of Gang Injunctions
Michigan Journal of Race and Law Volume 14 2009 The Unconstitutionality, Ineffectiveness, and Alternatives of Gang Injunctions Thomas A. Myers Thomas M. Cooley Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjrl Part of the Criminal Law Commons, First Amendment Commons, and the State and Local Government Law Commons Recommended Citation Thomas A. Myers, The Unconstitutionality, Ineffectiveness, and Alternatives of Gang Injunctions, 14 MICH. J. RACE & L. 285 (2009). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjrl/vol14/iss2/4 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Michigan Journal of Race and Law by an authorized editor of University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE UNCONSTITUTIONALITY, INEFFECTIVENESS, AND ALTERNATIVES OF GANG INJUNCTIONS Thomas A. Myers* Gang violence across America puts in jeopardy the peace and tranquility of neighborhoods. Cities are challenged to keep their communities safe from gang violence. One common way in which cities attempt to combat violent gang activity is by using gang injunctions. Gang injunctions are court orders that prohibit gang members from conducting already-illegalactivities such as vandalism, loitering, and use or possession of illegal drugs or weapons within a defined area. These injunctions, however, also prohibit otherwise legal activity such as associating with others within the restricted area of the injunction, using words or hand gestures, and wearing certain clothing. The increased use of gang injunctions to combat violent gang activity is a controversialtactic.