ProDOS File Converter For Apple SpeedScripfSpeedScript LehLeh-Wen-Wen YouYau
This program speeds uplip conversions the 55.SS.CONVERT CONVERT routine fforor File f1Jl 1513150 DATA 19197,253,208,6,165,257,253,2138,6,165,25 belweenbetween ASCIIASCII ltextexl files and files Converter to ususe.e. ThThenen type in ProPro 0,197,252,24121,31,1770,197,252,240,31, 177 f'i(9 1613160 DATA 250,2131,60,208,6,169250,201,60,208,6,169 compatible with the SpeedScript 3.0 gram 2, the complete new version compatible wilh Ihe 5peed5cript 3.0 gram 2, the complete new version ,13,145,2513,208,4,13,145,250,208,4 word processor, wwhichhich was publishedpllblished ooff the FFileile Converter. OJD3 1713170 DATA 4141,127,145,250,24,16, 127,145,25121,24,16 in theIh e JuneJun e 1985 issue of COMPUTE! of If yoyouu already have the old File old 5,250,105,1,133,2505t2513,113~,1,133,2513 2fIt 1813180 DATA 165,251165,251,105,0,133,25, 105,121,133,25 and is also available in book form Converter on disk, you can save and is also available in book form Converter on disk, you can save 1,2138,213,96,224,1211,20B,213,96,224,0 ((SpeedScript:5peed5cript: The Word Processor sosomeme ttypingyping by mmodifyingodifying it rathratherer D6Di 1913190 DATA 208,251,1613,208,251,160,0,165,25 12J, 165, 25 for Apple PersonalPersonal ComputersComputers,, than eenteringntering PrProgramogram 2. Just ffolol 1,197,253,21218,6,1651,197,253,208,6,165 6Jit 212113200 DATA 2513,197,252,2413,237,250,197,252,240,237, COMPUTE! Books). The new converter low these steps: COMPUTE! Books). Th e new converler low these steps: 177,2513,2131,13,208,6177,250,201,13,20B,6 program works on all Apple lIliee and 1. Type in and save Program 11,, ththenen DB 221013 DATA 169,613,145, 169,60,145,250,208,42513 ,2138,4 ,,9,128,145,250,249,128,145,2513,24 HeIIc compulerscomputers wilhwith ProDOS. run it to create the disk file named run it to create the disk file named 7B 22121220 DATA 165,2513,1135,1,133,25165,250,105,1,133,25 55.CONVERT.SS.CONVERT. 13,165,251,1135,13,1330,165,251,105,0,133 At 230 DATA 251,208,213 22.. Delete lines 150 through 118080 A4 2313 DATA 251,21218,213 from the old oldFFileile Converter. ApplApplee SpeedScriplSpeedScript 3.0 (COMPUTE!,(compute!, Program 22:: SpeedScrlptSpeedScript File June 1985) is such a powerful word 3. Delete lines 240 through 260 June 1985) is such a powerful word 3. Delete lines 240 through 260 Converter For ProDOS processor that manmanyy people,people, inin from the old File ConverterConverter.. E7 1 1PRINT CHRSCHR*(4);"BLOAD (4) ; "BLOAD 55.SS.CON CON cluding myself, rely on it heavily 4. Add the following three lines to 4. Add the following three lines to VERT for their word processing needs. I for their word processing needs. I the Converter: 4A 1013 HOME use the ProDOS version because it 525! 2320 OSDt = CHR$CHR* (4(4)) use the ProD05 version because it 1 PRINT CHR$(4)CHR$(4);"BLOAD;"BLOAD 25 41340 PRINT "DO YOU WANT TTO:O:"" handlhandleses larger documents tthanhan the SS.CONVERT" 55.CONVERT" A6 51350 PRINT"PRINT " (1) MAMAKEKE A SPEBPEEDSCEDSC DOS 3.3 veversion.rsion. Written entireentirelyly 150 CACALLLL 768,8768,8192,1-1,1192,L-l,1 RIPT FILE INTO A TEXT in machine language, SpeedScriplSpeedScript is 240 CALL 7768,8192,L-l,068,8192,L-l,0 FILE" AE 612160 PRINT"PRINT " (C2>2) MAKE A TEXT FI efficient and fast. 5. Save the modified Converter on 5. Save the modified Converter on LE INTO A SPEEOSCRIPTSPEEDSCRIPT However, the same cannot be However, the same cannot be thethe same didisksk as the 55.SS.CONVERT CONVERT FILE" said for the "SpeedScript File Con said for the "SpeedScripl File Con file.file. 67 70 GET AS:A»:A A :== VAL (A')
June 1986 COMPUTEI 110101 HOTWARE: Software BesBestt SellersSellers SySystemsstems HOTWARE: e i ~ ThThisll I.aItLost E ~ E Month Mo Monthnth TilleTide Publisher Remartc:Remarks. !a. § "8 11., l.l. utllmaUltima IV O~ginOrigin Systems, Fantasy gamegam© Inc. • • • 2,2. GalGatoo Spectrum Submarine ssimulationimulation • • • • Holobyte • • • 3, HardHardballball Accolade Baseball game • • 4,4. BardBard's's TTaleale Electronic Arts FantasyFantasy/role-playingjrels-playlng game • • 55., FlFlightlghl SSimulatorimulalor Microsoft AiAircraftrcraft ssimulationimulation • Education 11., 22., MalhMath 81aBlasterlslerl DavidsoDavidsonn Introductory mothmath programprogram,. • • • ages 0.126-12 • 2,2. 1,1. rTypingyplng ruloTutorr 11/III Simon & Schuster TypIngTyping Instructioninstruction program • • • • 3,3. 44. NeNeww IImprovedmp roved Scarborough Typing Ininstructionstruction progprogramram • • • MaMasterTypeslerrype • • 4,4. 33., MuMusicsIc CConstructionons/ruction Set EElectroniclectronic Arts Music composition program • •: • 5,5. HomeHomeworkwork HHelper:elper: MMathath SpSpinnakerinnaker Math tutorial, high school • • • • ~Word'd PProblemsroblems level Home Management l.1. l.1. PrlnlPrint Shop 6r0derbundBraderbund Do-it-yourselfDo-it-yourseif print shop • • • 22., 2,2. The NeNewsroomwsroom SpnngbaardSpringboard Do-it-yourself newspaper • • •: 33., 55., SWSwlftaxlflax Tlmewoo GREAT PRODUCTS FOR YOUR COMMODORE promenade CC1T" 1, . CAPTURECAPTURE™'· The Eprom Programmer. Thoughtfully designeddesigned,, Take control of your ''6464 or ''128"128·Apple with this easy to use carefully constructed, the promenatfepromenade el'"C1'" is respected cartridgecartridge.. Lets yyouou make a backback-up-up didisksk 01of yoyourur around the world for quality and vavalue.lue. The original memmemory-residentory-resident softwaresoftware.. Your programAtari is tthenhen fufullylly software corrtrolled programmer does away with accessible to you and your program can b bee re-boore-bootedted personality modules and switchesswitches.. IIntelligentntelligent from your disk 3-5 timestimes faster.faster. Or makemake an autoauto- programming capability can cut programming time by starting cartridge using the promenade C1 andCommodore a CPR programming capability can cut programming time by starting cartridge using Ihe promenade Cl and a CPR 95%!95%' With Disk Software,Software , . , ..... , ., still just S99$99.50,50 cartridge kit. Its magic!magic! CAPTURE'· is a bargain a.at 39.9539,95 IBM CARTRIDGE MATERIALS: CAPTURE- CART RIDGE MATERIALS: CPR-3 - Three sockelsocket board, case and 3 eproms, for use with CAPTURE'"CAPTURE'· """"""""., .. ,"',' 29.9529,95 PCC2 - Two 2732 (4K) or 2764 (8K) eproms. For '64 or '128 in 64 mode 4.95 Macintosh PCC2 - Two 2732 (4K) or 2764 (6K) eproms, For '64 or '126 in 64 mode, . " , '" , .. . .. , " ...... " " , , 4,95 PCC4 - Four sockets for 2764.2764,2712827128 or 27256 (32K) eproms.eproms, Bank switchingswitching"", • •.•. ," ,. " . •• ,'" 17.9517 ,95 PCC8 - Like the PCC4 but twice the capacity.capacity, ForFor multiple multiple programsprograms , " "" , '" " •• ,." . . .. • • " " , , 29.9529,95 PRB4 -- FourFour sockets,sockels, eprom & battery backed RAMRAM combinationcombination., . , "" '.' '" " '" ' •• •• ' 24.9524 ,95 PTM2 - Basic 128 mode cartridge board.board, Two 2764 or 2712827 128 eproms " ". ,,' ...... ' "." .. , .... . 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"."."""",."",.""""" 149.95149,95 Deluxe SetSel -- CAPTURE'",CAPTURE'·, promenade C1,Cl, Datarase and two CPR3 kitskils , , ,. , . , , , , ,. , , , . , ' , , , , , . , , , " 199.95199,95 SHIPPING & HANDLING:HANDLING: USA -- UPS SURFACE $3.00$3.00 FOREIGN (AIR(AIR MAILMAIL ONLY)ONLY) S13.00$13.00 TO ORDER TOLL FREE 800-421-7731 i| j: I A COM QAMUPIM FROM CALIFORNIACALIFORNIA 800-421-7748 B . i jMOun-riMnnciiviJASON-RANHEIM technicalTECHNICAL supportSUPPORT 916-823-3284 1805 INDUSTRIALINDUSTRIAL DRIVE FROM OUTSIDEOUTSIDE USA 916-823-3285 AUBURN.AUBURN , CA USA 95603 MC,MC, VISA,VISA, AMEXAM EX WELCOME 102 COMPUTE!COMPUTEI June 1986 The Beginners Page R. Halfhill, Edror More String Arithmetic WeWe've've seen how to slice pieces out your next user group meetingmeeting.. concatenation is a little clumsier to of character strings with LEFT$LEFT$,, Although TI BASIC and ExEx write than it is in Microsoft-style RIGHT$RIGHT$,, and MID$ {"The("The BeginBegin tended BASIC for the TI-99/4A are BASICs. You cancan't't simply add two ner's PagePage/'," March and April different in many respects from the strings together with the plus sign. 1986}1986),, and even how to use mathemathe other versions mentioned aboveabove,, InsteadInstead,, it requires something like matical operators to compare the string concatenation is handled in a this: hidden number values in strings similar fashionfashion.. The only difference 10 DIM AS(SO),BS(SO),CS(100)A$(50>,B${50),C${IOO) (May 1986). But "string arithmeticarithmetic"" is that the concatenation operator is 20 ASA$ -= "UNITED WE STAND;"STAND; " doesn't stop there. BASIC also lets the & symbol instead of the + symsym 30 B$ -= "DIVIDED WE FALL." you add two or more strings to bol. Any of the examples above can 4040C$(LEN JuJunene 1986 COMPUTEICOMPUTE! 103 I!!I AmigaView (Charles:C",'e, BtBrannon,onnan. PProgramtOQtam EdlatEditor Printers For The AmigaAmigo A printer is one of those optional printer connected via the Amiga's Use Preferences to install youryour but essential add-ons for your comcom serial port instead of the parallel printer driverdriver,, following the inin puter. It lets you reap something port, a similar cacautionution applies: Pins structions given in Introduction to tangible from your word processor, 14, 2121,, and 23 on the serial port Amiga, pages 7-6 to 7-11. Printer terminal program, spreadsheet, or carry power supply voltages. (Refer drivers currently exist for the Al-AJ drawing program. True, you can to page 7-12 of the Introduction to phacomph acorn Alphapro 101 (no longer in use these tools to prepare files Amiga manual for a pinout chart.) production),production), CoCommodore.mmodore CBM-MPS which you can transmit via modem Since these pins are often unused in 10001000,, Epson FX-80, RX-80, HP directly to other computers. But devices like modems and printers,printers, it Laserjet/Laserjet PlusPlus,, Brother HR- hardcopy—typehardcopy-type on paper—ispaper-is still may be safe to use IBM-type seriaseriall 15XL, Diablo Advantage C-150, the only universally acceptable printer cablescables.. Check the manual 025,D25, 630, Qume LetterPro-20, and form of nonverbal communicationcommunication.. for yoyourur printer carefully to be sure Okimate-20Okimate-20.. If your printer is not Commodore dodoesn'tesn't sell an ofof- that your particularparticular model does not on this listlist,, try some of the drivers fical Amiga printer yet.Instead, make any connection to these pins. to see if they work with your printprint you're free to attach practically any Again, a gender-cgender-changerhanger plug will er. For example, the )ukiJuki 5510 dotdot- serial or parallel printer. The Amiga be required to attach an IBM-style matrix printer is Epson )X-80-JX-80- sports an RS-232 serial port as well cable to the Amiga seriaseriall port. It's compatible, so you can use the EpEp as a standard parallel printer port. best to check with your dealer sosonn )X-80JX-80 printer driver. All it takes is the right cable to link before using a suspect cable. If none of the drivers work, the Amiga with almost any printer. select the Custom printer driver. If the Amiga with almost any printer. Printer Drivers The commonly available IBM you have the veversionrsion 1.1 operating The commonly available IBM Once youyou've've hooked up the hardhard printer cables appear similar to system upgrade, by default the printer cables appear similar to wareware,, you need to ""attach"attach" the Amiga cables, except the end of the Custom seselectionlection looks for a printer Amiga cables, except the end of the printer to your softwasoftware.re. Although cable that plugs into the IBM is a driver named Generic. The Generic cable that plugs into the IBM is a every printer manufacturer uses every printer manufacturer uses driver works with any properly caca OB-25DB-25 male connector and the different specifications for software Amiga port is also a DB-25 male bled printer by ignoring all special Amiga port is also a OB-25 male control over printing features, the connector. Since printer cables spe printer codes. If your printer wonwon't't connector. Since printer cables spe Amiga is capable of adapting to a Amiga is capable of adapting to a respond to the codes used by any of cifically for the Amiga can be diffidiffi variety of popular printers. variety of popular printers. the printers on ththee list, you can at cult to obtain, you might be What complicates things is that What complicates things is that least get a plain-vanilla text printprint tempted to use a "gender-changer" every printer has its own unique set every printer has its own unique set out with ththee Generic driver. (a box or cable with a male connec of codes, even for common effects of codes, even for common effects UnfortunatelyUnfortunately,, the Generic tor on one end and a female concon such as underlining or boldfacing. such as underlining or boldfacing. driver won't let you use any special nector on the other) to conneconnectct the For example, the Epson MX-80 uses For example, the Epson MX-80 uses printing effects such as underlining, IBM cable to your AmigaAmiga.. Don't do the ASCII sequence 27-53 ("ESC- the ASCII sequence 27-53 ("ESC- boldface, italics,italics, or bit-image this. Such an arrangement could 4") to turn on italics mode, and 27- 4") to turn on italics mode, and 27- graphics. You need a printer driver damage your Amiga or your printprint 54 ("ESC-5") to turn off italics. On 54 ("ESC-5") to turn off italics. On created especially for your brand of er, or both. the ototherher hand, the Okimate 20, printer. Many people are working The Amiga parallel port does which is similar in many other which is similar in many other on drivers for unsupported printers, not use exactly the same pin assignassign ways, uses the sequence 27-37-71 ways, uses the sequence 27-37-71 induclingincluding one company that has dede ments as the IBM port. (Refer to (ESC-%G) to turn on italics, and 27- (ESC-%G) to tum on italics, and 27- veloped a printer-driver builder page 7-13 of the IntroductionIntroduction to 37-72 (ESC-%H) to turn italics off. 37-72 (ESC-%H) to turn italics off. that a nonnonprogrammer programmer can use to Amiga manual for a pinout chart.) When an Amiga program wants When an Amiga program wants design a new custom driver. NeverNever Even more important,important, pin 23 on the to print italics, it can't just use the to print italics, it can't just use the theless,theless, if yyouou are looking for a Amiga parallel port is a ++5-volt 5-volt code for one printer model, because code for one printer model, because printer for your Amiga, it's best to power supplysupply,, while pin 23 on an the program would be incompatible the program would be incompatible buy one that is compatible with one IBM-type printer cable may be concon with other printers. Instead of send with other printers. Instead of send of tthehe above printers. nected to voltage ground. If the ca ing the actual code for italics, then, ble carries this voltagevoltage,, and if the Amiga programs send a symbolic printer connector has a grounded code for italics. If you tell the Amiga pin at that position, the power supsup which printer driver to use, the drivdriv ply in your Amiga may be damaged. er translatestranslates these symbolic codes If you have a serial (RS-232) into the actual codes for your printer. '04104 COMPUTEICOMPUTE) JuJunene 11986986 Iliil ~~ . TPersonal~~rsonal Computing Donald B. Trivette SoftstrippingSoftsfripping What avid reader of COMPUTE! hasn't wished for a magic way to gethasn't the wished program for alistings magic offway the to li.~;:;~;;~i pages of the magazine and into the computer? The device in the photograph, called a Softstrip Reader by Cauzin CauzinCaUZ;'l System's Softstrip Reader isis a Systems, does just that—almost.that-almost. It new/lew type of bar code reader that speeds can't read English, or even BASIC, up the entrye/ltry of publishedpublished programprogram but it can read any program, text, or listings. but it can read any program, text, or , data that has been encoded in the Softstrip format—aformat-a kind of univeruniver header indicates the filename and sal product code Cauzin has develdevel whetherwhether the strip isis intended for an '■! ;'■ oped for computers. The black-and-black-and Apple or an IBM computer. It also white strip you see here, which tells the number of characters looks like something you rub with a (bytes) in a horizontal line (typical(typical coin to find out you've lost a concon ly four),four), the heightheight of each line test,test, is in fact Lincoln's Gettysburg (typically 12/1000 inch),inch), and the Iffiif Address. All 276 words of itit are paper-to-ink contrast level. You'll contained in the six-inch strip. see markings called the checkerchecker HIH The Softstrip system consists board running vertically down the of both hardware and software. The leftleft edge of a strip, and along the hardwarehardware is a reader the size of a right edge, the rackrack.. These denote y.m-'h giant rolling pin that plugs into the eacheach horizontal line and send alignalign computer's serial port just like a ment information to the reader. There's a parity mark at the end of modem.modem. It gets power from a small There's a parity mark at the end of transformer that plugs into a wall each line for error detection. outlet. A truck inside the D-shaped Cauzin sesellslls an optional propro plastic case moves the read-head gram that letslets you make your own down the strip when the reader is Softstrips with a dot-matridot-matrixx printer. activated. Or, for about $20, you can have ill ThThee software is a program Cauzin make a denser negativenegative— called CauzcommCauzcomm.. On the IBM,IBM, you up to 5,500 ccharactersharacters in a ninenine- can run Cauzcomm by typing its inch strip-suitabstrip—suitablele for publication. name at the DOS prompt, or by Strips may be printed on almost any kind of paper, although lower installing it as a resident program any kind of paper, although lower which is called up at any time by densities are recommended for popo pressing the Alt-R keys. Once runrun rous grades of paper.paper. The strips can ning,ning, Cauzcomm displays a simple even be photocopied. The reader comes with a book four-item menu: Read, HelpHelp,, OpOp The reader comes with a book tions, Quit. To read a Softstrip, you let of 48 BASIC programs, and CauCau zin plans to attract buyers by align the reader over the strip, zin plans to attract buyers by GETTY.TXT publishing programs in its adver using the black dot and the hheavyeavy publishing programs in its adver and-egg situation: Magazines and line as g guides,uides, then seselectlect Read tisements in many computer magamaga and-egg situation: Magazines and zines. The reader costs $200 and is books may not print Softstrips until from the menu. In less than 20 secsec zines. The reader costs $200 and is books may not print Softstrips until a sizeable number of their readers onds, Cauzcomm reads the text of available for the IBM PCPC/PCjr,/ PCjr, the a sizeable number of their readers Apple II series, and the Macintosh. own the devices, while people in the Gettysburg Address into a disk Apple II series, and the Macintosh. own the devices, while people in For more information, write to Cau terested in Softstrips may hold off file named GETTY.TXT. It couldncouldn't't For more information, write to Cau terested in Softstrips may hold off zin Systems, 835 South Main buying a reader until Softstripped be easier or more straightforward. zin Systems, 835 South Main buying a reader until Softstripped Street, Waterbury, CT 06706. listings become more common. IfIf Make Your Own, Too Will Softstrips eveeverr become a you want to express an opinion on Examine the strip and you'll see the standard part o off published program this topictopic,, write to COMPUTE!, P.O. header markings at the top. The listinlistings?gs? Right nnow,ow, it's a cchicken-hicken- BoBoxx 5406, Greensboro, NC 27403.~27403.® June 1986 COMPUnICOMPUTEI 105 • Telecomputing Today ArlanArion RR.. LLevitoneviton The Price Of Telecomputing Folks, I've got a confession to make.make. your system, you can probably find easily fork out $40 to $80 a month This page came very close to beingbeing help on BIX. for using an information service a blank this month. I was far beyond couple of hours a week. Time Is Money my habitual fashionablfashionablyy late,late; twotwo- Time Is Money So why am I grousing? I'm becom weeks-behind-deadline mode of So why am I grousing? I'm becom Drinking From The Well ing concerned with the pricing of operation. Even Bill Wilkinson had ing concerned with the pricing of OnOnee hopeful glimmer of sunshine is time on the commercial services in sent in his column for this month, time on the commercial services in The Well, a project of Stewart tended for home users. an event usually reserved for coincoin tended for home users. Brand and his cadre of Whole Earth I was one of the early users of ciding lunar and solar eclipses ococ I was one of the early users of Software Catalog counterculture the online services and I remember curring on February 29. What was the online services and I remember techno-renegadetechno-renegades.s. The WenWell is a what we paid for nonprime time wrong? what we paid for non prime time low-cost ($2jhour)($2/hour) conferencing way back when:when: Two and a half I was, dear friendsfriends,, becalmed system for the San Francisco BaBayy bucks an hour was the going rate area. The system runs on a VAX in the telecomputing doldrums. area. The system runs on a VAX for 300 bps speed, and if you waited Me, of all people, contemplating minicomputer with a capacity of 40 until the wee tiny hours of the the light-emitting diodes of my colcol phone ports at the offices of the morningmorning,, you could eveevenn run 1200 lelectionction of modems for hours on WhoWholele Earth Catalog and Whole bps for undunderer five bills. Most early Earth Review in Sausalito. The ser endend,, at a loss for words! What was Earth Review in Sausalito. The ser users also recall the promises of the cause of this strange malaise? vice was codeveloped wwithith NETI the cause of this strange malaise? even lower rates once the ususerer base After all, I had been using three (Network TechnologiesTechnologies,, InternaInterna was expanded. InsteadInstead,, the hourly new commercial information serser tional) of Ann ArborArbor,, Michigan. access charges for nonprime time vices over the last month. And a I've accessed The Well via PC use havehave steadily risen. rundown on one alone is usually Pursuit and have found it to be a YesYes,, it's true that the rates for fodder enough for a good column. conferencing system of extremely daytime access have fallen. And it's high qualityquality.. The Well's biggest Both General Electric'sElectric's Genie true that many mormoree functions have problem is the relatively low numnum and ViewTronViewTron's's ViewData are bebe been added to the various services. ber of users the system can support ing heavily promoted as the latest And, yes, the cost of staffing has at one timetime.. and greatest information services risen over time. HoweverHowever,, the cost Let's hope we'll see a proliferaprolifera for computer hobbyists.hobbyists. I'll be glad of computing power and data storstor tion of systems liklikee The Well in the to give credit where it is due-bothdue—both age has dramatically fallen during future. If Brand and his cohorts are GE and ViewTron have created relrel the same period. willing to share the system software atively smooth systems with decendecentt In the late 1970s1970s,, Scott Adams with other groups of like-minded user interfaces. But I find that both of Adventure International was enthusiastsenthusiasts,, that may indeed come are lacking in originalityoriginality.. Both serser once asked how he priced his popupopu to pass. Since The Well's software is vices stick to what is by now the to pass. Since The Well's software is lar series of adventure gamesgames.. AdAd Unix-based, it can likely be ported standard formula of special interest Unix-based, it can likely be ported ams replied that he used the firstfirst- to a Unix-capable mainframe comcom groups (SIGs)(SIGs),, online conferencing run movie method of pricing. His puter 10 to 20 times the size of The and magazinesmagazines,, public domain lili puter 10 to 20 times the size of The basic premise was that consumers Well's VAX. Such systems could braries for downloadingdownloading,, shopping Well's VAX. Such systems could shoushouldld get some hours of uusese from support 300 to 400 users at a crack services, and gamesgames.. support 300 to 400 users at a crack any software purchase and should and are readily available on the Then therethere's's BIX (BYTE InforInfor pay no more for that use than the pay no more for that use than the used market at bargain prices. mation eXchange). BIX makes no hourly cost of attending a first-run hourly cost of attending a first-run I predict that someone out pretenses about being everything to movie. That works out to about two movie. That works out to about two there will make it happen within everybody. It is first and foremost a to three bucks an hour at today's to three bucks an hour at today's the next two years. Keep your eyes message-based conferencing syssys prices. prices. and ears open and the bucket tem. While BIX's scope mamayy be limlim If you accept that formula, it's If you accept that formula, it's ready...youready ... you may be dipping into a ited and its ease of use leaves not hard to come to the conclusion not hard to come to the conclusion Well soon. @© something to be desireddesired,, the quality that most of today'stoday's information of its user base is the big attraction. services (even the "ba"bargain"rgain" serser BIX users tend to be technophilestechnophiles.. If vices) are expensive-especiallyexpensive—especially you're having trouble debugging a when compared to todaytoday's's hardhard LISP program or want to add an ware prices. The owner of a $130 RS-232-controlled Veg-AVeg-A-Matic-Matic to Atari 130XE or Commodore 64 can 106 COMPUTEICOMPUTE) June 19661986 INSIGHT: ST Bill Wilkinson ST System Software, Inside Out Okay, you've got your shiny new the BIOS provides some of the facilfacil The lowest-level graphics, not ST computer plugged in and runrun ities which even a moderately soso offiCiallyofficially part of GEM but merely ning. You can use the mouse to phisticated program will need one means of implementing it, are select programs,programs, copy files, and forfor (admittedly, often because of bugs those called the Line-ALine-A Routines. mat disks. ItIt's's fun, and it certainly is in the upper levels of the operating This sounds cryptic, but it simply easier to llearnearn than figuring out system). rrefersefers to the fact that certain mama what On the ST, a BIOS call is impleimple cchinehine instructionsinstructions of the 68000 (in(in COpyCOPY 8,B: \S\ SYSTEMYSTEM \\MSGS.TXT/AMSGS.TXT/A~A'= A: mented as a TRAP instruction in cluding those of the form $Axxx SPCL'.MS?SPCL*.MS7 68000 machine language. All the hex-hencehex—hence ""line-A")line-A") are reserved is supposed to mean. (That's a real necessarynecessary parameters, including and cause a special hardware trap and possiblepOSSible IBM PC command.) the BIOS call numbernumber,, are passed into the OS. As you might expect, But how did this system get built? onto the stack. If you aren't quite routines implemented in this fashfash Glad you asked. sure what we're talking about, ion are of the most fundamfundamentalental Collectively, the software built don't worry about it. Virtually evev type: draw a line, plot a point,point, and into the Atari is called TOS (Tra(Tra- ery programming language for the so forth. Most are very fast. miel Operating System). When the ST has sosomeme way to use these rourou The nextnext level up in graphiCSgraphics is 520ST was first shipped, TOS was tines which mamasksk the memechanicschanics of the VDI (Virtual Device Interface). delivered on a disk. If you're still TOS calls. It's a good thing, too, In theory, VDI is capable of ssupup using the disk-based TOS, stop since some of those mechanics can porting several types of graphiCSgraphics now. Go out and buy the ROM get pretty hairyhairy.. devices in a uniform fashionfashion.. For (Read Only Memory) version of The next higher component of example, you might use the same TOS. It should cost no more than TOS is the XBIOS (eXtended(extended BIOS). set of calls to draw a curve on a $25 or so. Installation is not too XBIOS supplies the Atari-unique plotter or on the screen. UnfortuUnfortu difficult, though if you have as routines needed to do ssuchuch things nately, no such drivers are yet many left thumbs as I do, you as access the sound registers, screen available (or, as far as I can tell, might be advised to find a dealer or hardware, and so on. even in the works) for the ST. Still, service center to install the chips for The third component of the the pOSSibilitypossibility exists. you (maybe $20 to $30 extra)extra). .. operating system is called GEMDOS VDI does all the actual graphgraph TOS in ROM is actually comcom GraphiCSGraphics Environment ManagerjManager/ icsics work on the ST. It draws simple posed of six separate pieces. Disk Operating System). Actually, rectanglesrectangles,, bordered ovals, and text Usually, we lump these pieces into this is a misnomer. The GEMGEMDOS DOS in various styles, sizes, and colors. two groups of three: the graphics routines have nothing whatsoever Someone who learns nothing on processing section and the underlyunderly to do with graphics. GEMDOS is the ST except how to call VDI could ing operating system. As we shall essentially an MS-DOS or PC-DOS still do some remarkable graphics see, that operating system-asystem—a dede emulator. Want to open a file? Read work. rivative of CPCP/M-68K—is jM-68K-is very a block of bytes?bytes? Get a character Finally, at the highest levellevel,, is similar to MS-DOS and PC-DOS,PC-DOS, from the keyboard? Given the difdif AES (Applications Environment which are both derivatives of CPCP/M. jM. ferences between the 68000 of the System). AES is what GEM uses to ST and the 8088 of the IBM PC, the present you with that nicenice,, pretty BIOS, XBIOS, And GEMOOSGEMDOS similarities between GEMDOS calls desktop, complete with menus,menus, diadia In one sense, we can say that ththee and MS-DOS cacallslls are almost scary. log boxes, alert boxes, windows, lowest level of the 51'sST's operating and iconsicons.. Perhaps more important system is the BIOS (Basic Input!Input/ GEM, VDI,VOl, And AES to programmers, thoughthough,, is the fact Output System), a holdover from Okay, enough about the underlying that AES allows us to use all the the earliest days of CPCP/M. jM. At this operating system. Let's take a look features of GEM in a relatively concon level, we find routines for such at the graphics systems which comcom ssistent,istent, properly desktop-compatible basic tasks as sending a single charchar prise GEM. The most familiar part manner. It is through this mechamecha acter to a devicedevice,, reading a disk is the GEM desktop which appears nism that even a lowly spreadsheet sector (by sector number-anumber—a very when you turn on your ST. But the program can have drop-down dangerous practice), and so on. In desktop is not really a speciaspeciall propro mmenus,enus, mouse-controlled winwin CPCP/M, jM, there was only one legitilegiti gram at all; it simply calls the dows, and all the rest of those imim mate reason to call the BIOS directdirect lower-level routines. Again, there pressive features. <1!© ly: speed. With TOS, though, only are three levels of graphics routines. JlR18June 19661986 COMPUTEI 107 ~ ~C~o-:--:m~p_ut:--e-:-:-rs-:-a~n_d_So_c_i_e_tyComputers and Society__ DaviDavidd DD,. ThornbuThornburg,rg . Associate EdEditoritor Printers And Computers Printer technology hahass advanced have had on the personal computer beddinbeddingg and refrefersers to the blank on so many fronts at once that it's industryindustry,, one wonders what will space bbetweenetween linlineses of ttext),ext), points hard to keep up to date. On one happen to the traditional printer (units of measurement equaequall to extreme is the continued push to that ususeses a daisy wheel or other 1/721/72 of an inch)inch),, intercharacter jusjus ever-lower prices. 'TheThe lowlowest-costest-cost mechanism to produce letter-quality tification (aligning columns of printers incorporate dot matrix type. These printers are still considconsid type)type),, kerninkerningg (adjusting the spacspac mechanisms that either hammer ered essential by most businessesbusinesses,, ing between two chacharactersracters to be ink onto paper through a ribbon, or where low-resolution dot-matrix closer)closer),, ligaturligatureses (twin characters of that use thermal eenergynergy to transfer images are considered unacceptunaccept type)type),, and other terms that were ink or induce color changes in spespe able. But letterletter-quality-quality printers are rarely heard outoutsideside the walls of cial papers.papers. These technologies comparatively expensive (at least typesetting compancompanies.ies. have become so inexpensive that I the rugged ones are)are),, and their price The most eexcitingxciting aspect of recently saw a computer-controlled falls in the middle of the printer low-priced laser printersprinters iiss that electronic typewriter that retailed spectrumspectrum.. small companies (and fortunate inin for under $70. My concern for this technology dividuals) can be their own pubpub Printers Smarter Than is that it iiss being eroded from both lishers. The economic justification Their Computers ends. The lowlow-cost-cost printers are propro for desktop publishing is easy to ducing higher and higher quality seesee.. Suppose you are a software At the other extreme are the laser At the other extreme are the laser images, and ththee lalaserser printers are publisher who wants to create nicenice- printers that combine xerographic printers that combine xerographic getting cheaper. Within the nextnext looking manuals. The typesetting, copier technology with a computer- copier technology with a computer few years ththee hihigh-qualitygh-quality impact proofreading, and editing of a 100- controlled laser beam to build up controlled laser beam to build up printer may become little more than page manual can cocostst severaseverall thouthou images on a photosensitive drum. images on a photosensitive drum. a curiosity-usedcuriosity—used by people who,who, sand dollars and take several The developed image is then trans The developed image is then trans like meme,, prefer a fountain pen to a weeks. For a similar investment you ferred to a piece of paper at a reso ferred to a piece of paper at a reso felt tip.tip. can purchase a laser printer and,and, lution of 300 dots per inch.inch. These The difference between the using documents written with youryour printers are available at prices ranrangg dot-matrix and daisydaisy-wheel-wheel printprint word processor,processor, typeset the manual ing from about $3,000 to $6,000 or ing from about $3,000 to $6,000 or ers is more than quality and price. yourself in a day or two.two. The investinvest soso,, and they often contain dedicatdedicat The daisy-wheel printer is limited ment can pay for itself with the very ed computers that can outperform ment can pay for itself with the very ed computers that can outperform to printing text. Dot-matrix printprint first job.job. the computer that is senclingsending inforinfor ers,ers, on the other hand,hand, can be used You may think of the printer as mation to be printed.printed. For exampleexample,, to prepare text or graphicsgraphics,, since a simple extension of the computer. the Apple LaserWriter (that I have both words and pictures cacann be It is far more than that—itthat-it is a tool connected to my Apple II as well as formed from patterns of dots.dots. This that letslets your creativity reach be to my Macintosh) contains a 68000- creative freedom of dotdot-matrix-matrix yond the computer to touch others. based computer that can be propro printers has other consequences. Not a bad accomplishment for a grammed by the user through a For example, ifif the resolution is mechanical contraption. Forth-like language called Post mechanical contraption. Forth-like language called Post high enough,enough, text can be createdcreated in Script. The images created by this Script. The images created by this numerous styles (roman, italic, printer are exceptional in their numerous styles (roman, italic, Dr. Thornburg'sTh ornburg's mostmost recentrecent productproduct is printer are exceptional in their bold), type sizes, and fonts (charac(charac quality.quality. Calliope,Calliope, a nonlinear ideaidea processorprocessor forfor ter shapes). the AppleApple He,//e, lie,//c, and MacintoshMacintosh computcomput It is interesting to note that,that, at ers.ers. HeHe welcomeswelcomes lettersletters fromfrom readersreaders and both ends of the price spectrum, Text Is Graphics both ends of the price spectrum, cancall bebe reachedreached in;'1 careca re of COMPUTE!.COMPUTE!. HeHe printers build images from an arrayarray Text documents,documents, as typesetters has justjust publishedpublish ed UnlockingUn locking PersonalPersonal of dots. The main difference be have known for centuries, are of dots. The main difference be have known for centuries, are Creativity,Creativity, aQ bookbook on011 creativecreative proble??i-problem tween the extremesextremes isis in resolution, graphicsgraphics documents as well.well. This solvingsolving that hehe wrotewrote andQnd typesettypeset himselfhimself speed,speed, and image quality. The marmar realization is especially evident in usingusing theth e Apple LaserWriter.LaserWriter. ®@ ket for variousva rious printers is sufficientsufficient laser printers, wherewhere the high resoreso ly large that all kinds and prices of lution lets anyone do their own printers are enjoying a brisk typesetting.typesetting. Computer users who business. usedused to concern themselves with Considering the major impact only spelling and grammargrammar are now that dot-matrixdot-matrix printer technologies talking about leading (rhymes withwith 108 COMPUTEI June 1986 TheThe WorldWorld InsideInside thethe ComputerComputer FredFred D'ignozD'lgnazio,io, AssociateAssociate EditorEditor AA MultimediaMultimedia WorkstationWorkstation ForFor TeachersTeachers OneOne ofof th thee mostmost eexcitingxciting trtrendsends inin wareware andand applicationsapplications areare intendedintended municatesmunicates theirtheir specialspecial passionspassions,, low-costlow-cost computingcomputing isis linkinglinking comcom forfor theirtheir studentsstudents.. AA multimediamultimedia enthusiasmsenthusiasms,, andand petpet subjectssubjects., putersputers withwith otherother devicesdevices thatthat rere workstationworkstation wouldwould bebe different.different. ItsIts ButBut mostmost ofof usus areare novicesnovices inin cordcord,, editedit,, andand playplay electronicelectronic media,media. primaryprimary purpose purpose wouldwould bebe toto helphelp thisthis areaarea.. HowHow dodo wewe getget started?started? AA ForFor exampleexample:: teachersteachers prepareprepare audiovisualaudiovisual matemate goodgood wawayy toto beginbegin learninglearning howhow toto •• AA MIDIMIDI (Musical(Musical InstrumentInstrument DigDig rialsrials forfor theirtheir classrooms.classrooms. StudentStudent bebe aa mediamedia producerproducer isis toto becomebecome aa italital Interface)Interface) boxbox letslets youyou plugplug useuse mightmight comecome later,later, butbut itit wouldwould moremore criticalcritical mediamedia consumerconsumer.. youryour computercomputer into a variety of of stemstem naturallynaturally outout ofof the the teachersteachers'' SwitchSwitch onon youryour TVTV,, youryour recordrecord keyboardkeyboard synthesizers,synthesizers, drumdrum mama enthusiasm forfor usingusing the workwork playerplayer,, oror youryour cassettecassette player,player, andand chineschines,, guitarsguitars,, andand otherother instruinstru stationstation and theirtheir desiredesire toto shareshare itsits look andand listenlisten very carefully.carefully. TryTry mentsments.. capabilities with students,students. to focus just on thethe sound-andsound—and on o• A video camera letslets you shoot Until the llastast year oorr twotwo,, ononlyly your reaction to the soundsound.. Then images from the screen of yyourour a TV stationstation or a rich corporation or tumturn off the sound and concentrate an ad agency or a major rock star computer to use inin your video an ad agency or a major rock star on the picture. What kinds of camcam could afford to create multimedia presentationspresentations., could afford to create multimedia era shots and special effects is a programming. The rest of us had to program using? Two good sources • A video digitizer allows you to programming, The rest of us had to program using? Two good sources o A video digitizer allows you to be content with doing all our com for quick courses in media produc shoot video images with your be content with doing all our com for quick courses in media produc shoot video images with your municating live, or via the printed tion are commercials (slick and camcorder or video camera and municating live, or via the printed tion are commercials (slick and camcorder or video camera and page or audio tape. short) and MTV (unpolished and transfer them to your computer. page or audio tape. transfer them to your computer. Now,Now, suddenly, things are experimental). • A SMPTE (Society of Motion Pic o A SMPTE (Society of Motion Pic changingchanging.. Machines, softwaresoftware,, and Now it's your tumturn.. I would ture and Television Engineers) ture and Television Engineers) techniques which once cost tens of like you to tell me what youyou'd'd most interface lets you synchronize interface lets you synchronize thousands of dollars are becoming like to do.do, Pretend for a moment your own music and sound efef available for home and school comcom that you are Steven Spielberg,Spielberg, and fects with your videotapes. fects with your videotapes. puters. We now have the opportu you still have a fifth-gradefifth-grade class to •o Scanners,Scanners, graphics tablets,tablets, and nity to communicate in several new teach in Little Rock, Arkansas,Arkansas, or graphics printers let you copy mediums—andmediums-and combinations of me Halifax,Halifax, Nova Scotia.Scotia. What ideas or graphs, maps, diagrams,diagrams, and diums—diums-includingincluding videotape,videotape, subjects thrillthrill you but have been artwork into your computer so graphics,graphiCS, music,music, sound effects,effects, and difficult to get across in traditional they cancan be manipulated,manipulated, lala professional-lookingprofessional-looking publications.publications. ways? What areasareas in your curricucurricu beled,beled, and printedprinted on paperpaper or But aa bigbig question remains:remains: lum are crucial for childrenchildren toto learnlearn transparenciestransparencies forfor overhead propro WillWill wewe makemake thethe switch? MostMost of butbut forfor whichwhich youyou lacklack adequateadequate jectorjector presentations.presentations, usus areare tootoo accustomed toto beingbeing meme materials?materials? WhatWhat are thethe specialspecial petpet •• Graphics-designGraphics-design and animation diadia consumersconsumers ratherrather thanthan producproduc areasareas thatthat youyou lovelove toto learnlearn or teachteach programsprograms cancan bebe usedused toto createcreate ers.ers. Also,Also, wewe maymay havehave greatgreat thatthat you'dyou'd likelike toto shareshare withwith youryour artworkartwork andand titlestitles thatthat cancan bebe confidenceconfidence inin ourour abilityability toto standstand upup kids?kids? copiedcopied withwith youryour videovideo cameracamera inin frontfront ofof aa groupgroup ofof youngstersyoungsters PleasePlease writewrite meme (care(care ofof COMCOM andand' editededited intointo videovideo presenpresen andand communicatecommunicate withwith themthem verver PUTE!)PUTE!) andand telltell meme whatwhat you'dyou'd likelike tations.tations. ballybally oror withwith thethe printedprinted word,word, butbut toto teachteach usingusing aa multimediamultimedia workwork wewe areare intimidatedintimidated byby thethe thoughtthought stationstation andand howhow youyou wouldwould presentpresent IdealIdeal ForFor SchoolsSchools ofof creatingcreating ourour ownown movie,movie, slide-slide itit (with(with videotape,videotape, music,music, mixturemixture AllAll thesethese devicesdevices cancan bebe assembledassembled show,show, oror graphicsgraphics presentation.presentation, ofof live-actionlive-action shots,shots, computercomputer intointo aa singlesingle multimediamultimedia work'York- graphics,graphics, fieldfield trips—whatever!).trips-whatever!). stationstation forfor underunder $3,000.$3,000. ThisThis isis aa YouYou AreAre StevenSteven SpielbergSpielberg AndAnd don'tdon't holdhold back.back. BeBe imaginaimagina sumsum thatthat mostmost schoolsschools cancan afford,afford, It'sIt's timetime wewe startedstarted learning.learning. ElecElec tive,tive, creative,creative, eveneven farfaT out.out. II wantwant asas especiallyespecially sincesince onlyonly oneone oror twotwo tronictronic mediamedia isis thethe wavewave ofof thethe manymany ideasideas asas possible,possible, sincesince I'llI'll bebe workstationsworkstations wouldwould satisfysatisfy aa future.future. WeWe areare surroundedsurrounded withwith publishingpublishing themthem inin anan upcomingupcoming school'sschool's needsneeds forfor thethe immediateimmediate powerfulpowerful electronicelectronic programmingprogramming COMPUTE!COMPUTE! column.column. <3I!% produced by people who want to future.future. produced by people who want to WhoWho wouldwould useuse thisthis workwork sellsell usus things:things: perfume,perfume, aa newnew car,car, station?station? TeachersTeachers oftenoften feelfeel they'vethey've records,records, aa newnew politicalpolitical candidate.candidate. beenbeen overlookedoverlooked byby thethe computercomputer It'sIt's timetime thatthat teachersteachers generatedgenerated revolutionrevolutionbecause becausemost mostof ofthe thesoft soft- theirtheir ownown programmingprogramming thatthat comcom- JuneJune 19861986 COMPUTE!COMPUTEI 109109 Programming the TI L...----....II ~~~9ramming the TI Regeno PrintingPrinting AA ScheduleSchedule OfOf EventsEvents TheThe firstfirst peripheralperipheral II gotgot forfor mymy TITI Then,Then, whenwhen finished,finished, use:use: thethe programprogram convertconvert toto numbersnumbers forlor sorting. The numbers are converted waswas aa printer.printer. AtAt firstfirst IIused used itit mainmain 900900 CLOSECWSE #1#1 sorting. The numbers are converted lyly forfor programprogram listings.listings. Later,Later, II disdis toto months,months, days,days, hours,hours, andand minmin TheThe criticalcritical statementstatement isis thethe coveredcovered thatthat addingadding aa printerprinter utesutes duringduring thethe printingprinting procedure.procedure. OPEN # statement, which must be significantlysignificantly increasedincreased thethe possiblepossible OPEN # statement, which must be Lines 110-120 dimension vari tailored to your own printer config Lines 110-120 dimension vari applicationsapplications forfor thethe computer.computer. AllAll tailored to your own printer config ablesables DT$DT$ (date(date andand time)time) andand uration.uration. TheThe PRINTPRINT ## andand CLOSECLOSE kindskinds ofof reportsreports couldcould bebe generated,generated, EVENTSEVENT$ forlor 5050 eventsevents startingstarting withwith ## statementsstatements cancan bebe thethe samesame forlor listslists sorted,sorted, and chartscharts andand graphs basebase 1.1. M$M$ isis dimensioneddimensioned andand willwill anyany typetype of01 printer.printer. plotted.plotted. ForFor somesome reason,reason, ifif somesome holdhold thethe namesnames ofof thethe 1212 months.months. This month's program illus thingthing waswas printedprinted usingusing aa computercomputer This month's program illus LinesLines 200-240200-240 define thesethese monthmonth trates the use of a printer for creat itit lookedlooked moremore "official.""official. " OfOf course,course, trates the use of a printer lor creat namesnames inin thethe M$M$ array.array. ing a simple schedule of events or a reportreport isis reallyreally onlyonl y asas good asas ing a simple schedule of events or The variable E is the number of calendar of happenings. This pro The variable E is the number 01 whateverwhatever thethe programmer oror comcom calendar 01 happenings. This pro an event. Line 270 READs from the gram just gives the basic idea of an event. Line 270 READs lrom the puter useruser enters,enters, butbut usingusing youryour TI gram just gives the basic idea 01 data the date, time, and event. Line how you can sort events by date data the date, time, and event. Line and a printer, you can make veryvery how you can sort events by date 280 checks to see whether all the and time. For example, you could 280 checks to see whether all the impressive reports.reports. and time. For example, you could data has been read. Line 300 incre use this program to list your activi data has been read. Line 300 incre On the other hand,hand, if youyou don'tdon't use this program to list your activi ments E; then line 310 makes sure E ties for the summer. With my large ments E; then line 310 makes sure E want something to look computer-computer ties lor the summer. With my large is less than 51 for the subscript. family, I need to keep a written list is less than 51 lor the subscript. generated,generated, you can useuse a letter-letter lamily, I need to keep a written list Lines 330-640 sort the events quality printer. When the TI-99/4TI-99/ 4 of01 what's going on. To customize by date and time.time. I call this type of first came outout,, only oneone printer was this program,program, add your own title sort ""maximum-minimum"maximum-minimum" bebe available for it (remember tthehe TI and cchangehange the printing to fit youryour cause the first pass through the data thermal printer?).printer?). Next came a pepe needs.needs. The program as is simply finds the maximum and minimum ripheral system that required the lists the dates, times,times, and events in items in the array and places them RS-232 interface which could be Singlesingle spacing, but all kinds of spespe at the end points. Successive passes used with several different brands cial lormatsformats are possible,possible, including through the items move the ends of printers. Now there are many a lull,full, graphic calendar. inward and place the maximums more printers available and several How It Works aandnd minimums at those positions. kinds of interfac interfaceses o orr special cables, How It Works The events are listed in DATA Lines 740-1190 print the so there is no one stanstandarddard way of The events are listed in DATA Lines 740-1190 print the statements. For examples, I have events in date order. Remember to using a printer. There are also sevsev events in date order. Remember to used several events in lines put your own printer configuration eral word processing programs used several even ts in lines put your own printer configuration 1240-1480. The last DATA state in the OPEN statement in line 760. available. 1240-1480. The last DATA state in the OPEN statement in line 760. ment sshouldhould use 9999 lorfor the date.date. ThThee vavariableriable DT$ isis divideddivided back PrintingPrinting InIn BASICBASIC The data lorfor each event coconsistsnsists 01of into DATE$DATES andand TIME$TIMES.. TheThe date isis then separated so that a month In TITI BASIC programmingprogramming,, thethe the date,date, thethe timetime,, andand aa descriptiondescription then separated so that a month name is printed with the day. The mostmost commoncommon wayway to print somesome 01of the the event.event. TheThe datedate isis aa lour-digitfour-digit name is printed with the day. The thingthing isis to useuse thethe PRINTPRINT ## statestate ststring.ring. TheThe firstfirst twotwo numbersnumbers rangerange timetime isis convertedconverted toto thethe usualusual writwrit ten format of hounminute, and mentment (pronounced(pronounced printprint file),file), whichwhich Iromfrom 0101 toto 1212,, representingrepresenting thethe ten format of hour:minute, and meansmeans printprint toto a a filefile oror device.device. FirstFirst,, monthmonth.. TheThe lastlast twotwo numbersnumbers areare A.MA.M.,., NOONNOON,, oror P.M.P.M. isis added.added. useuse OPENOPEN ## (ope/!{open file)file) toto definedefine t thehe thethe dayday 01of thethe monthmonth (01-31).(01-31). TheThe IfIf youyou dondon't't havhavee aa printer,printer, yoyouu printerprinter lorfor thethe computer.computer. TheThe manman timetime isis alsoalso aa four-digitfour-digit string.string. ThisThis cancan simplysimply printprint thethe scheduleschedule onon ualual lorfor thethe interfaceinterface oror printerprinter youyou isis aa numbernumber expressedexpressed asas 24-hour24-hour thethe Scscreen.reen. ToTo cocontrolntrol scrolling,scrolling, PRPR useuse sshouldhould havehave sasamplemple OPENOPEN timetime withoutwithout aa coloncolon betweenbetween thethe isis usedused asas aa variablevariable toto countcount howhow statementsstatements lorfor youryour particularparticular printprint hourshours andand minutes.minutes. ThuThus,s, 08000800 isis manymany linlineses havhavee been been printedprinted onon er.er. WhenWhen youyou're're finishedfinished printing,printing, eigeightht oo'clock'clock inin thethe morningmorning,, andand ththee screescreen.n . WhenWhen thethe printing printing useuse CLOSECLOSE ## (close(close file)file).. ForFor exex 12001200 isis ttwelvewelve oo'clock'clock noonnoon.. EightEight stopsstops,, presspress ththee spacespace barbar toto cocontinntin ampleample,, herehere's's whatwhat II needneed lorfor mymy TITI 0o'clock' clock inin thethe eveningevening expexpressedressed inin ueue thethe list.list. AtAt thethe endend ofof the the list,list, printer:printer: 24-hour24-hour timetime isis 20002000.. ForFor nono specispeci prespresss thethe spacespace barbar toto getget backback toto fied time, use 0000. the menu screen. 100100 OPENOPEN #1,"RS232.BA#l:"RS232.BA=600"- 600" lied time, use 0000. the menu screen. ThiThiss formatformat helpshelps inin thethe sortisortingng IfIf youyou wishwish toto savesave typingtyping efef ToTo printprint aa messagemessage,, forfor example:example: procedureprocedure.. YouYou mamayy preferprefer toto eenternter fortfort,, yoyouu cancan receivereceive a a copycopy ofof thisthis 110 PRINT #I,"HELLO" 110 PRINT #1:"HELLO" thethe datadata inin a a differentdifferent way,way, thenthen letlet programprogram ("("TITI CalendarCalendar")") byby sendingsending 110110 COMPUTEICOMPUTE) JuneJune 19861986 a blank cassette or disk, a stamped, 710 IF (1«11+(K(K<1)+(K>3)THEN> 3ITHEN 69121690 1190 GOTO 650 72.720 CALL CLEAR 12~H2'1200 REM DATA FOR EVENTS self-addressed mailer, and $3 to: self-addressed mailer, and $3 to: 73.730 ON K GOTDGOTO 77121,760,1490770,760,1490 12131210 REM DATE,TIMEDATE,TIME,EVENT, EVENT C. RegenaRegeno 74.740 REM PRINTING 1221211220 REM DATE IS MMDD 75.750 REM PUT PRINTER CDNFIG 1230 REM TIME IS HHMM P.O. Box 1502 URATIONURATIDN HERE 1240 DATA 041S,0000,CINDV0415,0000,CINDY'S' S Cedar City, UT 84720 Cedar City, UT 84720 76.760 OPEN #1;"RS232.BA=600"~1:"RS232.BA==600" BIRTHDAY 77.770 FOR TT-l= 1 TO E 1251211250 DATA 0415,10415,1700,MAIL7 00,MAIL IN 78.7B0 DATE'==SEGS(DT'(T),1,4lDATE*=SEQ*(DT*(T>,1,4) COME TAX TITl Calendar 791l}790 HzVALISEG'(DATES,1,2IlM = VAL(SEG*(DATE*, 1 , 2) ) 1260 DATA 0509,0000,RICHARD0~~9,00e0,RICHARD 8800 •• MONS=MSMON*=M*(M) (M) 'S BIRTHDAY 100 REM CALENDAR 1270 DATA 0510,0000,BDB'S B 810 DAYS=MONS&"DAY*=MON*&" ~&SEGS(DATE"&SEG*(DATE 1270 DATA 0510,0000,BOB'S B 110 OPTION BASE 1 *,3,2) IRTHDAY 120 DIHDIM DTS(S0),EVENTS(DT*(50),EVENT!(50)S 0) ",3,2) 820 TIME*=SEG*(DT*(T),5,4) 1280 DATA 0611,0000,CHAN0611,0000,CHAN'S' S 130 DIM MM*(12)'S(12l 82. TIMES=SEGS(DTS(T),S,4) 830 IF TIME*<>"0000" THEN 8 BIRTHDAY 140 CALL CLEAR 83. IF TIMES (> "0000" THEN 8 70 12912900 DATA 03040304,1200,SUSC, 12e0 , SUSC VVSS 150 PRINT TABC6);"** CALEND 71lJ 15" PRINT TAB(6); "** C ALEND BYU BASEBALL 840 TIMESTIME*="E " " BYU BASEBALL AR ' **" 850 T*=" 13031300 DATA 0305,1200,SUSC VS 160 PRINT :::"ENTER DATDATESES A 8se TS=" " 860 GOTO 1000 BYU BASEEALLBASEBALL NDNO EVENTS IN" 86e GOTO lee0 870 H = VAL JJuneune 11986Q86 COMPUTEI 111 INSIGHT: Atari Wilkinson Atari Printer Trivia This monthmonth's's COMPUTE! is a printer 1020 P4:N: momoveve LOMEM above itself. Since iitt issuissue,e, so I decided to breakbreak with 1027 P5;ps: reads the current LOMEMLOMEM,, be sure P6: (my) tradition and write a column 1029 P6: to create the AUTORUN.5YSAUTORUN.SYS file on printers. Before we start, though,though, (The 850 refers to any printer atat on the same diskdisk,, bootbooteded in the same an erratum: My April column listed tached via an 850 Interface Module. fashion, that yyouou later want to use.use. a program designed to ""unify"unify" a The 1029 printer is rare in the U.5U.S.).) This meansmeans,, for example, that any machine language file on disk. But The fact that the 850 can hanhan sspecialpecial drivers (RAM diskdisk,, RS-232RS-232,, when I sent the cocolumnlumn to COMCOM dle different printer numbers indiindi and so on) must be installed before PUTE!,PUTE!, I aCcidentallyaccidentally included a coucou cates that provision for thithiss feature yyouou run this BASIC program. ple of older versions of the program was included as far back as 19197979 For a more specific example, on the same disk.disk, GGuessuess which verver (when the 850 was first made). Do llet'set's say you intintendend to uusese the 850850's's sion got published? Anyway, COMCOM youyou wonderwonder wwhyhy nnothingothing was sasaidid R: dridriverver witwithh AtariWriter aandnd the PUTE! listed a corrected version in sooner? Why dondon't't the 400, 800, 1027. You must sstarttart by booting the the article entitled "C"Customustom CharChar aandnd 1200XL work with multiple 850850's's AUTORUN.5YSAUTORUN.SYS file to install acters for Atari SpeedScriptSpeedScript"" in the printers? Do any other interface the RR:: drivdriverer in memory,memory, ththenen run May issue. (By coincidence, it haphap modules (from third-party vevendors)ndors) the program below. pens that mmyy program is needed to have secondary device numbernumbers?s? A Also, if you have true doubledouble- unify the COMPUTE!compute! DISKdisk version of prize for the best answeranswer.. density drives (not "e"enhancednhanced den den SpeedScript before installing a cuscus sity" 1050s)1050s),, boot with doubledouble- tom character set.) On to the printers. The Nlne·MlnuteNine-Minute Nap density disks inserted. This patch If you have a 1027 printer which is If you have a 1027 printer which is sshouldhould work with almost any DOS,~OS , Number, Please not lucky enough to be hooked up Number, Please not lucky enough to be hooked up ssuchuch as DOS XL, SpartaSpartaDOS, ~OS , DOS JJohnohn Skruch at Atari gets ccreditredit for to aann XE cocomputer,mputer, you've probaproba 2.52.5,, or wwhatever—buthatever-but I wasnwasn't't able rrevealingevealing this first tidbit. YoYouu are all blybly exexperiencedperi enced the infamous to test ththemem aall.ll. aware that disk drives can be asas ssleepingleeping printerprinter bug.bug. SSometimesometimes Two fmalfinal points: If an AUTOAUTO Signedsigned device numbers (from 01Dl:: to the 10210277 justjust suddenly stops printprint RUN.SYS file already exists on the D8:,08:, though Atar!Atari drives can only ing. ManManyy people believe ththeyey nneedeed disk when this program is run, the go to 04D4:),:), but did you know that to reboot their syssystemtem to wake the 1027 patch is appended to that filefile.. printers can have numbersnumbers,, also? If printer up. ActuallyActually,, after about Again, using the 850 as an example, you have an 800XL, 65XE65XE,, or nine minutesminutes,, the printer justjust as this mmeanseans yyou'llou'll have a single file 130XE130XE,, you may connect two or suddenly springs to life again. The which serves two purposes: It boots more printers at the same time and reareasonssons for this are too strange and the RR:: dridriverver and mmakesakes ththee 1027 direct output to one or the oother.ther. llengthyengthy to go into herhere.e. SSufficeuffice it to patch. FinallFinally,y, linlinee 170 ooff the listinlistingg From BASICBASIC,, fforor example, it's as say that the problem hashas exexistedisted is a REMarkREMark;; if youyou deldeleteete the REM simple as typing simple as typing since tthehe first A1ariAtari computer was to enable thithiss linline,e, it rreserveseserves two LIST "P2:"'T2:" built and iiss relatrelateded to the (also infainfa pages (512 bytes) of extra memory.memory. mous) sleeping disk drive phenom or mous) sleeping disk drive phenom If you hahaveve any trouble running enon—though the drive only sleeps LIST "PS:""P5:" enon-though the drive only sleeps this patch,patch, trtryy ddeletingeleting ththee REMREM.. about five seconds. YouYou'll' ll be Two major drawbacks: all For instance, if your system has Two major drawbacks: all pleasedpleased to know that AtariAtari's's newest printers still respond as PI:, so mormoree than one disk drivedrive,, yoyouu printers still respond as PI:, so operating syssystemtem ROMs in the XXEE using PI: or just P: when two print might want to make this cchange.hange. using PI: or just P: when two print computers finally fifixx the problem. ers are attached leads to humorous Obviously, I did not develop aand/ornd/or ddisastrousisastrous results. Since If yoyouu do hahaveve a 1021027,7, but this program by arbitrarily typing manmanyy programs always address dondon't't hhaveave aann XE, and sstilltill want to in funny numbers for mmyy DATA fix this problem, type in, save, and printersprinters as PP:,:, ththisis trick may be fi x this problem, type in, save, and ststatements.atements. JI started witwithh a propro useful only in youryour owownn programs. run the aaccompanyingccompanying program.program. It gragramm wwrittenritten by Joe Miller (form(formerer Also,Also, only the follOwingfollowing printers automatically seeks out the LOLO- ly of A1ari),Atari), then fixed it so that it have these secondary numbers:numbers: MEM value for your system and survives SYSTEM RESET, is rere then creates an AUTORUN.SYS locatable, moves LOMEM if appro Secondary locatable, moves WMEM if appro Secondary file to patch the timeout problem. Printer Number file to patch the timeout problem. priate,priate, and does not install itself The AUTORUN.SYS file will load 8S0850 P2: The AUTORUN.SYS file will load twice. If yyou'reou're interested in studystudy 102S1025 P3: at ththatat LOMEM point and then ing the source code for this 112 COMPUTEICOMPUTE) June 1986 program, you can downlodownloadad it from SBBB2UI210 OPEN .:S,t10DE,","D2:AU#3,MODE,0," D2:AU HfHF 9~0950 DATA 240,18,173,12,2, TOTEST" 141,24,-1 CompuServe. Look in the Atari 141,24,-1 FE 220 IF 1'10DE""eM0DE=8 THEN PUT ..#3 3 KD960HD 960 DATA 173,13,2,141,25,173,13,2,141,2~, eight-bit SIGSIG's's . DL (DownLoad) ,2:5:5:PUT,255:PUT 13,23:5#3,255 -1,142,12 section under utiliutilities.ties. The filename DO 23"230 READ BYTE:BYTE:IF IF BYTE(-lBYTE<-1 Wro: 970 DATA 2,1402,140,13,2,40,32, 13,2,40,32 THEN 300 is PI027.FIXP1027.FIX,, and itit's's a documentdocument THEN 3"" ,80,-1 [11240EN 240 IF BYTEBYTE--1-- l THEN BYTEBYTE- KHKH980980 DATA 16",-1,2"4,232,2160,-1,204,232,2 (ASCII) file. LOPLOPAQE AGE ,144,9,2"", 144,9,200 rn250EQ 250 PUT 1:S,BYTE:BOTO*3,BYTE:B0TQ 230 H11990m 990 DATA 14",232,2,169,140,232,2,169,0, ", nK 298270 REMREn (.11(all data in filafile 141,231,2 l) EK 1000 DATA 96 1027 Printer Timeout Fixer EK 1 """ DATA 96 1027 Printer Timeout Fixer FP 31U'300 CLOSE .3#3 ~1""~1005 DATA ",b4,3~,640,64,35,64 a.Bl316310 END AL~1"1"1010 DATA 169,-1,205,232,169,-1,2"~,232, DD 140 REM fi,...t,first, find ""herewhere it~ D 89089" DATA e,-1,80,-10,-1,80,-1 2,144,28,2"82,144,26,208 LDHEM is now LOHEM i& now ccct 9""900 DATA 165,49,2"8,165,49,208, 19, 1"10 HD~ 10201"2" DATA ~,173,231,2,2"85,173,231,2,208 ~1~"KB 130 LOPAGE-PEEK(744)LOPABE«PEEK<744) 4,133,49,14"4,133,49,140 ,21,32,26 BH 160 IF PEEK(743)<>0 THEN ~16" IF PEEK(743) <>0 THEN HDIID 910 DATA 81,-1,160,1,24,181,-1,160,1 ,24, 1 "l1":;S"IL 1030 DATA -1,-1,165,12,141,6 16~, 12, 141 , 6 LOPABE=LaPflGE+l LOPABE=LOPAGE+l 7777,50,101 f 50, UH 2,-1,16:5.132,-1,165.13 IfJNJ 170 REM (see(sea text)toxt) LOPAGE FDFD920920 DATA 49,105,0,72,172,49,105,0,72 , 172, K1"4"K 1040 DATA 141,63,-1,169,2 cLOPABE+2=LQPABE+2 81,-1,76 6,1336,133,12,169, 12,169 06180D6 180 HODEMODE ~= 8:TRAPB:TRAP 200 DJ 931l1930 DATA 80,-1,8,120,162,B-0,-1,8, 120 , 162, a~1"5"1050 DATA -1,133,13,96 ~19"PH 190 OPEN *3,4,0,HD:AUTORU#3, 4,0, "D: AUTORU 0,160,-1 PAPA106"1060 DATA 226,2,227,2,0,6 N.SYS":M0DE=9N.SY9"~1'10DE"9 BBSB940940 DATA 236,12,2,208,5,2236,12,2,208,~,2 4 FDFO 2""200 CLOSE 13M3 04,13,2 PD 11070 "7" DATA -9999 C0 ~~~NewsNews & ProductsProducts~~~ New Electronic Arts Software BoulderDash,BoulderDash, and ititss seqsequeluel BoulderDash Electronic Arts hahass announced distribudistribu II. Both are strategic action games in tion of three newnew personalpersonal cocomputermputer which you mumustst maneuver the hero,hero, sosoftwareftware packages. Rockford, tthroughhrough a series of caves to Mind Mirror is a mementalntal awareness cocollectllect diamonds wwhilehile avoidiavoidingng firefire program designed by Dr. Timothy fliesflies,, butterflies,butterflies, and fafallinglling boulders.boulders. Leary that lletsets yoyouu ttestest your stereotypes BoulderDash II adds sixsixteenteen nnewew cacaves,ves, byby respondinrespondingg to various situatiosituationsns eaceachh withwith five play llevels.evels. Versions are thrthroughough the eyes of yoyourur chosen subsub avaavailableilable for tthehe Atari 400400/800/ 800 and ject. You can rate any subject yoyouu like Commodore 64/128 at a suggested rree and react to variovariousus sitijationssituations based on tailtail price of $22.95$22.95,, and $29.95 for ththee your preconceptionspreconceptions aboaboutut the ssubject.ubject. Apple II and IBM PC aandnd PCjr versions. ThiThiss philosopher-on-a-disk iiss designed Electronic Arts, 1820 Gateway Dr.,Dr., 00-Oo-ToposTopos from Penguin SSoftware,oftware, a to letlet you llearnearn about ototherher peoplpeoplee as SSanan Mateo,Mateo, CA 94404. nnewew graphics-and-textgraphics-and-text adventure game.gam e. wewellll as yourself. Mind Mirror is availavail Circle Reader Service Number 200. able for the IBM PCPC,, PCjr, and compaticompati bles,bles, the Apple IIII,, and ththee Commodore 64. Suggested retail price for the IBM Commodore 64 Space Adventures versioversionn is $34.95. Prices for ththee other Space Adventures Power Supply Your mission is to intercept a power versions will bebe availaavailableble by the time Power Supply Your mission is to intercept a power The Commodore 64 Power Plus from transfusion waste spill bbeforeefore it ddee you read this. The Commodore 64 Power Plus from Computer Specialties is a single AC- stroys the earth. HHowever,owever, first yoyouu A new conquer-the-world strstrategyategy Computer Spedalties is a single AC switched power supply with built-in must escape your captors and the plan game, LordsLords of Conquest, is basedbased on the switched power supply with built-in must escape your captors and the plan surge protection. It has one on/off con etoid, Oo-Topos. ThatThat's's the plot of the board game Risk. The oobjectbj ect of this surge protection. It has one on/off con trol and three grounded outlets to con new adventure game 00-Oo-Topos from game iiss to protect yoyourur hholdingsoldings whwhileile trol and three grounded outlets to con new adventure ga me Ta pas from trol your disk drive, monitor, and Polarware. It's available for the Apple II trying to conqconqueruer territories belonging trol your disk drive, monitor, and Polarware. It's available for the Apple II printer. It offers protection for DC pow and Commodore 64/128 computers at to youryour opponents. There are four llevev printer. It offers protection for DC pow and Commodore 64/128 computers at er short circuits, over-current, over- a suggested retail price of $34.95, and els of gagameme compcomplexitylexity and an unlimit er short circuits, over-current, over a suggested retail price of and temperature, surge, AC fuse, and over- on tthehe Atari ST, Macintosh,Madntosh, AmigaAmiga,, and ed variety of game mmaps.aps. Lords of temperature, surge, AC fuse, and over voltage situations. Suggested retail IBM PC aandnd compatibcompatiblesles for $39.95. Conquest iiss avaavailableil able for tthehe CommoCommo voltage situations. Suggested retail price is $59.95. Polarware,Polarware, PenguinPenguin SSoftivare,oftwa re, 2600 dordoree 64 and 121288 and Atari XL seseriesries for price is $59.95. Computer Specialties, Inc., P.O. Box Keslinger Rd.,Rd., P.O. Box 3J1,311, Geneva, IL $32$32.95.95 each. Computer Specialties, Inc ., P.O. Box 60134. Super BoulderDash consists of the 17181718,, Melbourne,Me lboume, FL 32902-1718. 60134. original popular arcade-style game, Circle Reader Service Number 201. Circle Reader Service Number 202. June 1986 COMPUTIICOMPUTEI 11131 3 Commodore Machine IBM Computer Golf musicmusic facts.facts . The programprogram includesincludes scales, thirds, and intervals in every Language Programming MeanMean 18 isis aa one-to-fourone-to-four playerplayer golfgolf scales, thirds, and intervals in every Language Programming major key, as well as chord analysis. simulatorsimulator game forfor the IBMIBM PC/XT/ATPC / XT / AT major key, as well as chord analysis. The Machine Shop isis aa machinemachine lanlan There is a printer option as well. oror PCjrPCjr withwith 256K256K memory,memory, DOSDOS 2.12.1 oror There is a printer option as well. guage development systemsystem for(or thethe Suggested retail price is $49.95. higher,higher, andand a color graphics adapter. ItIt Suggested retail price is $49.95. Commodore 64/128,64/ 128, an upgraded verver MasterSoft, P.O. Box 1027, Bend, OR includesincludes fourfour graphicallygraphically detailed MasterSoft, P.O. Bor 1027, Bend, OR sion ofof FrenchFrench Silk's Develop-64 (ver(ver 97709.97709. sion 4.6).4.6). ItIt includesincludes an integratedintegrated courses,courses, 7272 different holes,holes, aa golf coursecourse Circle Reader Service Number 209. macromacro assembler,assembler, a full-screenfull-screen editor, a architect set,set, andand a varietyvariety ofof strategy symbolic decoder, and a debugger. All and playplay options. The playerplayer cancan choose among practice tee,tee, practicepractice areare in memory simultaneously.simultaneously. The Mystery And Intrigue!Intrlguel system isis reportedlyreportedly three timestimes faster green, practicepractice hole,hole, and beginbegin game Kinemation has announced a newnew comcom than the popular PAL assembler, acac options toto perfectperfect hishis game-playing puterputer mysterymystery game,game, Intrigue!,Intrigue!, forfor the cording to the manufacturer. abilities. A joystickjoystick controllercontroller isis not rere Apple II and Commodore 64 computcomput TheTlze Machine Shop from FS! SoftSoft quired, although a mouse or joystickjoystick n may be used. ers. The action takes placeplace in WashingWashing ware costs $39.95, which includes an may be used. ton,ton, D.C.,D.C., where"",here you talktalk with an instruction manual and a free subscrip Suggested retailretail priceprice isis $49.95.$49.95. assortment of characters toto determine tion toto MachineMa chi,te Code, a machine lanlan Accolade, 20863 Stevens Creek Blvd., Cupertino, CA 95014. who isis tellingtelling the truth and who can be guage programmer's journal.journaL Cupert;,lO, CA 95014. trusted as well as who isis guilty. There FS! Software, P.O. BoxBor 635, Fari-Fari Circle Reader Service Number 206. are more than 2000 possiblepossible solutions bault,bault, MN 55021. and three experienceexperience levels for ages 12 Circle Reader Service Number 203. New Masterfype Programs to adult. Retail price is $39.95. Scarborough Systems has introduced Retail price is $39.95. Kinemation,Killematioll, FourFour Winds Rd.,Rd., P.O.P.O. Win A Trip To Australia Amiga and enhanced IBM versionsversions of BoxBor 3076,3076, Peterborough,Peterborough, NHNH 03458-3076.03458-3076. Mindscape isis offering a trip to Australia Mastertype, educational softwaresofhvare that for the 1987 America's Cup race as the teaches users typing and keyboard Circle Reader Service Number 210. grand prize in The American Challenge: skills.skills. The Amiga version includes lesles A Sailing Simulation software competicompeti sons on numbers,numbers, symbols,symbols, the numeric Scrabble En Francois tion.tion. Eight finalists will each win a momo keypad,keypad, a skill test, rhythm instruction, Scrabble En Francais Gessler Educational Software has de dem,dern, and then compete against each sentence typing practice,practice, finger posiposi Gessler Educational Software has de veloped a new software program which other to win a trip to Perth,Perth, Australia. tioning charts,charts, and the Mastertype veloped a new software program which helps you leam French while having The AmericanAmericall Challenge: A SailingSailing game.game. The IBM version has been upup helps you learn French while having fun. French Micro Scrabble is based on Simulation is a new skillskill game from graded to include all the features of the fun. French Micro Scrabble is based on the board game Scrabble and contains a Mindscape that puts you onboard a racrac new Amiga version.version. the board game Scrabble and contains a built-in vocabulary of 20,000 French ing sailboat to sail seven increasingly The Amiga and IBM versions are built-in vocabulary of 20,000 French words. Up to four people can play, or challenging courses until you reach the available for $39.95 each.each. words. Up to four people can play, or you can play against the computer. eighth course, the America's Cup race. Scarborough Systems,Systems, 55 S.S. BroadBroad you can play against the computer. There are four different skill levels. You control sail, rudderrudder,, and center-center way, Tarrytown, New YorkYork 10591. There are four different skill levels. French Micro Scrabble is available board while the instrument panel monmon Circle ReaderReader Service Number 207. French Micro Scrabble is available itors wind speed, wind direction, and for the Commodore 64/12864/ 128 and Apple boat heading. For rookie sailorssailors,, a rere Il-f,ll +, He,lie, and liellc computers for $39$39.95..95. corded sailing tutorial is included. AtariAtarl ST Drawing Progam Gessler Educational Software,Software, 900 The AmericanAmericall Challenge:Challellge: A Sailing Easy-DrawEasy-Draw from Migraph is an objectobject- Broadway,Broadway, New York, NY 10003. SimulationSimulatioll is availble for Apple 11II and oriented drawing program for the Atari Circle Reader Service Number 211. IBM PC cocomputersmputers at a suggested retail ST with a monochrome or color monimoni price of $39.95. tor system and the operating system in Mindscape, Inc.,IIIC., 3444 Dundee Rd.,Rd., ROM. It can be used to create business Utility Program For The Northbrook, IL 60062. graphicsgraphics,, presentation materialsmaterials,, line Commodore 64 Circle Reader Service Number 204. drawingsdrawings,, multiple-multiple-layerlayer illustrations Disk Assistant from Spectrum 1 NetNet and to move objects. The program uses work is a Commodore 64 utility propro the GEM interface, includes standard gram that ssimplifiesimplifies disk commands AmigaAmlga Users Group GEM onscreen proportional text fontsfonts,, with fifteen menu-driven disk options. The North American Amiga Users and uses highhigh-resolution-resolution output for Among those indudedincluded are disk format, Group (NAAUG) is a national user oror printing.printing. validate, erase, and renamerename.. Other ffeaea ganization for Amiga owners. MemberMember Suggested retial price is $149.95. tures include a help filefile,, flexibility in sshiphip includes a subscription to the Migraph,Migrapll, Inc., 720 S. 333rd St.St.,, Suite accessing dual drivesdrives,, copying on single newsletter AmigaHelp, a helpline for 201201,, Federal WayWay,, WA 9800398003.. as well as dual drives, and sequential free one-to-one computer adviceadvice,, one Circle Reader Service Number 208. data file copying. free disk of public domain software, Disk Assistant sells for $11.95. and full access to the group's public Spectrum 1 Network, 9161 Beachy domain librarylibrary,, participation in the 64/128 Musical AveAve.,., Arleta,Arleta, CA 9133191331.. NAAUG co-op, and free classified ads to Sight Reading Circle ReReaderader Service Number 212. other members. TThehe organization is MasterSoft has released S;'l Singinggillg Master, also working toward an online Special a program in the company's Mastery in Interest Group (SIG). Music series for the Commodore 64 and More Games The annual membership fee is $25. 112828 computers. Singing Master helps From MlndscapeMindscape North AmericanAmericafl Amiga Users GroupGroup,, you learn to sight read through individindivid Mindscape has released three mmoreore BBoxor 376376,, Lemont, PA 16851. ualized exercises in pitpitchch and interval softwaresoftware packages for the Commodore Circle Reader Service Number 205. awareness, notesnotes,, rhythm, and basic 64 and 128128.. In Infiltrator, your mission 114 COMPUTlICOMPUTEI June 19661986 is to flflyy through hostile eenemynemy airspace in a database with a menu-drimenu-drivenven FooblitzkyFooblitzky iiss available fforor the AAtaritari and reach strategic targets designed to searcsearchh program,program, aandnd fonnulateformulate hypothhypoth XL/XE cocomputersmputers wwithith 48K RAM and destroy the Mad Leader's military force. eses byby using the search resultsresults.. For 881010 or 1050 disk drivedrive,, the Apple II This adventure gagameme combines heliheli grades five to eleveneleven.. series wiwithth 128K 128K,, or the IBM PC with coptecopterr flight simulation and military Both packages are designed for 128K and gragraphicsphics cardcard.. Each versversionion grogroundund actioaction.n. Apple II computers wiwithth at lleasteast 64K rretailsetails for $39$39.95,.95, and can be used with In order to wiwinn SSpellpell o off Destruction,Destructio", memorymemory,, and are pricedpriced at $49 each. joystickjoystick oorr keyboakeyboard.rd. you must enteenterr the Castle of Illusions,Illusions, Minnesota Educational Computing Infocom,Illfoco m, Inc., 125 CambndgeParkCambridgePark find the Prime Elemental, and desdestroytroy it Corporation, 34934900 LexingtonLexingtoll Ave.Ave. N., Dr.,Dr., Cambridge, MA 02140. witwithh a single spell. This ggameame features Saint Paul,Paul, MN 55126-809755126-8097.. Circle Reader Service Number 218218.. over 70 locations with scrolling 3-D over 70 locations with scrolling 3-D Circle Reader Service Number 215. graphics and music. Three separate games—Briangames-Bria" Blood-Blood axeaxe,, Revelation,Revelatioll, aandnd QuoVadis-aQuoVadis—arere Computer Baseball cocombinedmbined oonn oonene disk. With Brian Blood-Blood With MondayMonday Morning Manager,Mallager, TThehe .1 t:r, Iwm m iU .lJm ~ axe you can invade Britain and seek the Baseball Game yoyouu can playplay any major 1ll.5 1F.ffiltiH!i ttlfllEIm lii.,mlo Ii:;; crown jewels.jewels. In Revelation yoyouu battle leleagueague baseballbaseball team against any other ii' m 'UU';:. the MonsteMonsterr of the ApocalypseApocalypse,, or you team. The 19198686 revrevisedised veversionrsion iinn can fight the Dark Lord in QuQuoVadis.oVadis. All cludes 64 mmajorajor league teams from three are combination strategy-arcade 1905 through the 1985 playoffplayoff teams ::l'!ifll!lI games. witwithh over 11,500,500 players and pitchers.pitchers. ThThee ssuggesteduggested retail priceprice for InfilInfil ThThee reresultssults of eaceachh play are based upon trator and Spell of DestructionDestruction iiss $29.95 the actual statistics of the players, and eaceach.h. The price foforr tthehe ththree-gameree-game disk eaceachh play is grapgraphicallyhically didisplayedsplayed on is $$14.95.14.95. yoyourur screen. Mindscape,Mindscape, Inc.,Inc. , 3444 Dundee Rd., MondayMonday Morning Manager is availavail CompubridgeCompubridge,, a bridge tuttutorialoria l for the Northbrook,Northbrook, IL 60062. aableble on tthehe Atari 800 and Commodore AtariAtan 520ST alldand 1040ST fromfrom Artworx. Circle Reader Service Number 213. 64 for $39$39.95,.95, on the Apple II for $44.95, and on the Atari 5205T520ST and IBIBMM PC for $50. Bridge Tutorial For TK CompuComputerter Products,Products, P.O.p.o. BoxBox ST Mind Game ST Computers ST Mind Game 96179617,, Downers GroveGrove,, IL 6051560515;; distribdistrib Artwon JJuneune 1986 COMPUTE!COMPUTEl 115 toto teachteach what an equationequation isis andand howhow itit oneone document.document. show, and thenthen looklook moremore closelyclosely at works;works; understandunderstand thatthat aa solution isis aa EditingEditing featuresfeatures ofof thethe wordword propro your favorites.favorites. ThenThen shrink,shrink, move,move, cut,cut, unique valuevalue which,which, whenwhen inserted inin cessorcessor include globalglobal searchsearch and rere or copy andand print outout thethe desired imim thethe equation,equation, causes itsits two sidessides to be place,place, headers,headers, trailers,trailers, footers,footers, and agesages for useuse inin letterheadletterhead stationery, equal; andand toto develop a strategy,strategy, oror deletedelete byby character,character, word,word, line,line, and notenote paper,paper, drawing education, oror algorithm,algorithm, forfor solving equations andand toto paragraph.paragraph. The database manager alal framedframed display.display. understand how andand why the algorithmalgorithm lowslows youyou toto create youryour own templates RealArtRealArt retailsretails forfor $29.95.$29.95. works. or usetlse thethe ones provided.provided. ElectronicElectronic Cottage Industries,Indu stries, P.O.P.O. Available for Apple IIII and ComCom BrownBrown Bag SoftwareSoftware retails for BoxBox 217,2]7, Spooner,Spooner, WI 54801.5480] . modore 64, Balance! retailsretails for $49. $59.95.$59.95. Circle Reader Service Number 226.226. HRM Software,Software, 175] 75 Tompkins Ave.,Ave., Software ResourceResource Group, Inc.,Inc., Pleasantville,Pleasantville, NY 10570.10570. 15100]5100 ElEl CaminoCamino Grande,Grallde, Saratoga, CA Circle ReaderReader Service NumberNumber 220.220. 95070. Vietnam Strategy Game Circle Reader Service Number 223.223. MicroProse Software has introduced Conflict InIn Vietnam,Vietnam , a strategic simulasimula SpeedScripfSpeedScrlpt Enhancer For 64 tion of the crucial battles of the Vietnam Accelerating The Apple Upstart Publishing has released Speed-Speed Accelerating The Apple War,War, available for the Commodore 64 Mate,Mat e, a customization program for A new high-speedhigh-speed replacement coco and 128,12B, Atari XL/XE series, Apple IIII COMPUTE! Publications'Publications' SpeedScript processor from Titan Technologies can family,family, and IBM PCjr computers.computers. 3.0-3.23.0-3.2 for the Commodore 64. Speed-Speed triple the speed of your Apple II,II, He,lie, or Five separate games are included Mate lets you control the way text apap II11 +. Called the Accelerator He,lie, itit has itsits in the program,program, with scenarios ranging pears on the screen while editing.editing. It also own 6502 processorprocessor and plugs into any from the end of French rule at Dien Bien customizes the controlcontrol commands for slot. It can be used to increase the speed Phu in 1954 to the North Vietnamese PreviewPreview 80,80, an 80-columnBO-column SpeedScript of AppleWorks,AppleWorks, Apple Writer,Writer, FlashCalc, assault on Quang Tri in 1972.1972. The three page preview program.program. (SpeedScript(SpeedScrip t Multiplan,Multiplan, and otherother business applicaapplica battles in between illustrate various and PreviewPreview 80 are not included with tions. If you needneed to run a program at stages of American involvement:involvement: laIa SpeedMate,SpeedMate, but are available from normal speed,speed, you can slowslow thethe AccelAccel Drang (1965), Khe Sanh (1968),(196B), and COMPUTE! Publications.)Publications.) SpeedMate erator HelIe down with your preboot disk. Cambodia (1970). The scenarios can be also includes an optional print preview SuggestedSuggested retail price,price, $319.$3]9. played independently or in historical routine whichwhich displaysdisplays 80 columns of Titan Technologies,Techll ologies, Inc.,IIIC. , 310 West order. Commands can be enteredentered by text with no horizontalhorizontal scrolling. AnnAm, St.,St., AnnAIIII Arbor,Arbor, MI 48104-1337.48]04-]337. joystick or from the keyboard. SpeedMateSpeedMate is available for $15. Circle ReaderReader Service Number 224. A 110-pageIIO-page manual is included, UpstartUpstart Publishing,Publishillg, Dept.Dept. NPMC, NPMC, withwith quick-start instructions, detailed P.O.P.O. BoxBox 22022, Greellsboro,Greensboro, NC 27420. information for advancedadvanced play,play, extenexten Circle Reader Service Number 221. sivesive historical background,background, design notes,notes, play tips,tips, maps,maps, and charts. Two people can play eacheach other,other, or one perper IBM Graphics Software For son can play against the comcomputer.puter. Daisywheel Printers There is an option to take command of Daisyfont,Daisy/oHt, from Einstein'sEinstein's Automation the North Vietnamese side and play Profiles is a program that provides dodot-t- , _ _ _ against the computer-controlledcomputer-controlled AmeriAmeri matrix design and print capabilitiescapabUities for can forces.forces. all daisdaisywheelywheel printers and spinspinwriters writers The suggested retail priceprice is $39.95$39.95 with IBM PC computers. No hardware ThThee HabaDiskHabaDisk ten-megabyte hard disk for each versionversion.. modifications are necessary.necessary. drive forfor the Atari ST sells for $699.95 Microprose Software, Inc.,IIIC., 120]20 Lake-Lake DaisyfontDaisy/ont resides in memory,memory, and front Dr.,Dr., HuntHUllt ValleyValley,, MD 21030. can be called up from within any other Circle Reader Service Number 227227.. application software.software. The program letslets Haba Hard Drive For ST you design and print logoslogos,, letterheads,letterheads, Haba/ArraysHabaj Arrays has announced an exterexter reportreport headlines headlines,, borders,borders, special fonts,fo nts, nnalal ten-megabyte hard disk drive for ST Database and custom character sets. Suggested the Atari STST,, priced at $699.95$699.95.. The Mirage Concepts has introducedintroduced H &&D D retail priceprice is $69$69.95..95. HabaDisk is a plug-in disk and stores Base,Base, a relational databadatabasese management Einstein'sEinstein's AutomationAutamalio" Profiles,Profiles, Inc.,Inc., the equivalent of mormoree than twelve language for the Atari ST cocomputers.mputers. ]84184 211d2nd Ave.,Ave., #]B,#1B, New YorkYork,, NY 10003. dualdual-sided-sided BOOK800K disksdisks.. Transfer rate is The program is a dBadBasese II11 work-alike CiCirclercle Reader Service Number 222222.. five megabytes a second. with almost 300 comcommandsmands available The drive iiss self-poweredself-powered,, and an for the manipulation of datadata.. In addiaddi Atari interface cacableble is included. tion to regular data storage and retrievretriev Commodore, Apple IIII Haba/Arrays,Haba / Arrays, IncInc.,., 671]6711 Valjean alal,, H &&D D BaseBase can be used for the Integrated Software Ave.,Ave., VallVan Nuys, CA 9]406.91406. creation of systems for handling invinvenen Software ReResourcesource Group has begun Circle Reader Service Number 225. toriestories,, accountaccountss payable and rereceivable,ceivable, shipping BraumBrown BagBag SSoftware,oftware, an inexinex client listslists,, and moremore.. pensive integrated word processor/processor j ThThee suggestesuggestedd retail price is database manager for the Commodore Mac Digitized Images On $99$99.95,.95, and the program is not copy 64 and Apple II (both versioversionsns are on A Disk ~ protected.protected. Mirage Concepts, Inc., 4055 W. Shaw flip ssidesides of the sasameme didisk).sk) . This propro RealArtRealArt,, from ElElectronicectronic Cottage InduInduss· Mirage COllcepts, IIlC., 4055 W. Shaw #108, Fresno, CA 93711. gram lletsets you incorporate informainformationtion trietries,s, is a disk for the MacintoMacintoshsh that #]08, Fresllo, CA 9371l. from your databases intintoo lettlettersers and contains just undunderer 400K of digitized Circle Reader Service Number 228228.. reports eeasilyasily and quicklyquickly.. Up to 20 of artwork. You can previewpreview the artwork thesthesee mermergesges can be done within any by running the public domain slide 111616 COMPUTlICOMPUTEI JJuneune 1986 COMPUTERSCOMPUTE!'s Guide ToTo TypingTyping In Programs Computers are precise—typeprecise-type the propro gram exactly as listed,listed, including necesneces Atari 400/800/XL/XE sary punctuation and symbols, except AtarI400/800/XL/XE for(or special characters noted below. We When you seesell! Type See have provided a special listing convenconven 5"" tion as well as a program to check your {CLEAR} ESC SHIFT < K.. Clear ScreenScrlt.n typing—"Thetyping-"The Automatic Proofreader."Proofreader." {UP>{UP} ESC CTRL - t~ Cursor Up Programs for the IBM, TI-99/4A,TI-99/4A, {DOWN}{DONN} ESC CTRL =,. + Cursor Down JJuneune 1986 COMPUTEICOMPUTE) 117 key (Atari logo key on 400/800 models). Once the Proofreader is active, try Program 11:: AtarlAtari Whenever more ththanan two spaces typingtyping in a linline.e. As soosoonn as yoyouu press Proofreader appear in a row, the theyy are listed in a RETURN, eiteitherher a hexadecimal number Editor special format. For example, {{66 (on the AApple)pple) or a pair of letters (on the By Charles Brannon, ProgramProgram Editor SPACESSPACES}} means pressthe space babarr six CommodoreCommodore,, Atari, or IBM) appears. means press 101000 GRAPHICS 0 The number or pair of letters is called a timestimes., Our CommodorCommodoree listings never The number or pair of letters is called a 110 FOR 1=1536 TO 1700:REA lleaveeave a single space at the end of a lline,ine, checksum. D A:POA:P0KEKE I,A:CK-CK+A:NI,A:CK=CK+A:N instead moving it to tthehe nnextext printed Compare the value dispdisplayedlayed on EEXTXT I 120 IF CKCKO19072<> 19072 THEN?THEN ? ""EE line as {SPACE}. the screen by the ProofrProofreadereader with the rrorrrar in DATA Statement Amiga program listings contain checksum printed in the program list Amiga program listings contain ' checksum printed in the program list s. Check Typing.":END onlonlyy one special character, the llefteft aarr ing in the magazinemagazine.. The checksum is row ((•-) .... ) symbol. TThishis character marks given to thethe left of each Hneline numbenumber.r. 131300 AA=USR<1536>= USR (1536) the end of eaceachh program line. WhWherevererever Just type in the program a line at a time 140 7? ::?7 "Automatic Proofr you see a left arrowarrow,, press RETURN or (without the printed checksum), press eaeadord Rr Now ActiActivated."v ated." 150 END move the cursor off tthehe line to enter RETURN oorr Enter, and compare the 160 DATA 104,160,O,185,26,104,160,0,185,26, that line into memory. Don't try to type checksums. If they match, go on to the that line into memory. Don't try to type checksums. If they match, go on to the 3,201,69,240,7 in the left arrow symbol; it's there only in the left arrow symbol; it's there only nenextxt line. If not, ccheckheck your typing; 170 DATA 200,200200,200,192,34,20, 192 , 34,20 as a marker to indicate where each pro you've mmadeade a mistakmistake.e. BecauBecausese of the 8,243,96,2008,243,96,200,16, 1699,74,74 gram line endsends.. cchecksumhecksum method used,used, do not type 118080 DATA 153,26,3,200,169,153,26,3, 21Z11Z1, 169, abbreviations, sucsuchh as ? for PRINT.PRINT. On 6,153,266,153,26,3,162,3, 162 190 DATA 1ZI,189,0,22B,157,70,189,0,228,157,7 The Automatic Proofreader tthehe AtaAtariri and Apple ProofreadersProofreaders,, 4,6,232,224,16 Type in the appropriate program listed spaces are not counted as part of the Type in the appropria te program listed spaces are not counted as part of the 200 DATA 208,245,169,93,14 belowbelow,, then save it for futufuturere uuse.se. The checksum, so be ssureure you type the right 1,78,6,169,6,141 Commodore Proofreader works on the number of spaces between quote 210 DATA 79,6,24,173,4,228 Commodore 1128,28, 64, Plus/4Plus/4,, 1616,, aandnd marks.marks. TThehe Atari Proofreader does nnotot ,11213,1,141,95, 105, 1, 141,95 VlC-20.VIC-20. DonDon't't omit any lineslines,, even if check to see that youyou've've typed tthehe charchar 220 DATA 6,176,173,5,228,105,03,5,22 8,105,0 ,,141,96,6,169141,96,6,169 they contain unfamiliar commands or acters in the right orderorder,, so if characters 230 DATA 0,133,203,96,247, you think they don't apply to your com are transposed, the checksum still you think they don't apply to your com are transposed, the checksum still 238,125,241,93,6 puter. When yoyouu run the pprogram,rogram, it matches the listing. The Commodore 240 DATA 244,241,115,241,1 installs a machine language program in Proofreader catches transposition erer 24,241,76,205,224,241,76,205,2383 8 memorymemory and erases its BASIC portion rors and ignores spaces unleunlessss they're 230250 DATA 0,O,O,0,O,32,62,20,0,0,0,0,32,62,2 automatically (so be sure to sasaveve seversever eenclosednclosed in quotation marks. The IBM 46,8,2IiH46,8,201 260 DATA 155,240,13,201,32 al copies before running ththee program ProofreaProofreaderder detects eerrorsrrors in spacing ,24121,7,72,24,UH,240,7,72,24,101 for the first time). If you're using a and transposition. for the first time). If you're using a and transposition. 270 DATA 203,133,203,104,4 Commodore 128, PlusPlus/4/4 or 1616,, do not 0,96,72,152,72,138 uusese any GRAPHIC commacommandsnds wwhilehil e IBM Proofreader Commands 280 DATA 72,160,0,169,128, the Proofreader isis active. YoYouu should Since the IBM Proofreader replaces the 145,88,200,192,40 290 DATA 208,249,165,203,7 disable the Commodore ProofreadeProofreader"r computer's nonnalnormal BASIC line eeditor,ditor, it 44,74,74,74,24,105,74,74, 7 4,24,1 0 5 before running any other programprogram.. To has to include many of the direct-mode has to include many of the direct-mode 300 DATA 161161,160,3,145,88,, 160,3,145,88, do this, either turn the computer off and do this, either tum the computer off and IBM BASIC commands. The syntax is 165,203,41165,203,41,15,24, 15,24 on oorr ente enterr SYS 64738 (for the 64)64),, SYS iidenticaldentical to IBM BASIC. Commands 31121310 DATA 105,161,200,105,161,200,145,8 14S,8 6565341341 (128), SYS 64802 (VIC-20), or simulated are LISTLIST,, LLlSTLLIST,, NEW, 8,169,21,18,169,0,133,203,10433, 203,104 SYS 65526 (P(Plus/4lus/4 or 16). To reenablereenable FILESFILES,, SAVE, andand LOAD. When listing 320 DATA 17121,11214,168,104,4170,104,168,104,4 O,960,96 the Proofreader, reload the program your program,program, press any key (except and run it as uusual.sual. Unlike the original CtrCtrl-Break)l-Break) to stop th thee listing. If yoyouu VICVIC/64/ 64 ProofreaderProofreader,.. this version works enter NEW, the Proofreader prompts Program 2: IBM Proofreader the same with disk or tape. the same with disk or tape. you to press Y to bbee especiaespeciallyll y ssureure you By Charles Brannon,Brannon, Program Editor On the AtarAtari,i, run the Proofreader mean yesyes.. to activate it (the Proofreader remains to activate it (the Proofreader rema'ins Two new commands are BASIC 10 ·* AutomaticAutomati c Proofreader Vers active in memory as a machine lan active in memory as a machine lan and CHECK. BASIC exexitsits tthehe ProofProof ion 3.0 (Lines 205,206 adadde de guage program); you must then enter d/190 deleteddeleted/470,490/ 470,490 chang guage program); you must then enter rreadereader back to IBM BASICBASIC,, leaving the NEW to erase the BASIC loader. Press ed from-from V2.0)V2.0> NEW to erase the BASIC loader. Press Proofreader in mmemory.emory. CHECK woworksrks iningg SYSSYSTEMTEM RESET deactivates ththee 100 DIM LS{SI2I0),LNUM{S00):COLOL*(500),LNUM(500):COLO just like LISTLIST,, but shows the cchecksumshecksums R 0,7,7:KEV0,7,7:KEY OFF:CLS:MAX=0: Atari Proofreader; enter PRINT along with the listing. After you have LNUMLNUM(0)=65536! (0)-=65536 ! USR(1536) to reenable it. USR(1536) to reenable it. typed in a program, sasave ve it to disk. 110 ON ERROR GOTOSOTO 120:KEV120:KEY lS,C15,C The Apple Proofreader erases ththee Then exit the Proofreader wiwithth ththee HRS(4)+CHRS(70):ONHR*(4)+CHR*C70):ON KEV(15)KEY(15) GOSUSGOSUB 640:KEV640:KEY (15) ON:GOT BASIC portion of itself after yoyouu run it, BASIC comcommand,mand, and load the propro o0 130 .leavingleaving only the machine language porpor gram as usual (this replaces the Proof gram as usual (this replaces the Proof 120 RESUME 130 tion in mmemory.emory. It works witwithh eiteitherher readerreader in memory). You can nnowow run 130 DEF SEGcSEG=&H40:W=PEEK(S 118 COMPUTEI JJuneune 1986 [SPACE}CHECK FINAL LINE":EN 18018~ IF VALCLEFTSCLS,2»:0VAL(LEFT*CL4,2))=0 AND 460 GOSueGOSUB 600:0PEN600:OPEN ARBSARGS FORFDR IN (SPACE] CHECK FINAL LINE":EN MIDSCL',3,1):"MID*(L»,3,1)=" " THEN LS=ML*=M PUT AS *1:MAX#1:MAX=0:P=0a 0:P=0 D IDSCL',4)ID*(L*,4) 470 WHILE NOT EOF(1):LINE INPU 120 POKE SA+149,PEEK(772):POKESA+149,P£EK(772):POKE 200 IF ASCCLS)ASC(L*)>57 >57 THEN 260 7no'no T 81,L':BL=INSTR(LS,"#1,L*:BL=IN5TR(L»," "):B SA+150,PEEK(773) 1inRline number, thereforethere-fore co LS=LEFT'(LS,eL-l):LNUM(P)=L»=LEFT* JuJunene 1986 COMPUTEI 111919 IUI1 V Machine Language Entry Program MLX For Commodore 64 and Apple Ottis Cowper, Technical Editor and Tim Victor.Victor, Editorial Programmer "MLX""MIX" is a labor-saving utility that alal starting to enter a new listinglisting.. If youyou're're the Apple version will return to the lows almost fail-safe entry of machine continuing a listing that's partially command menu. At this point youyou language programs. The Apple version typed from a previous session, dondon't't should immediately choose the option runs on the II11,, IIII+, +, He,IIe, and lie,IIc, with choose this option. 5S to save your datadata.. The 64 version either DOS 3.3 or ProDOS. A functions menu will appear. The automatically moves to the Save option first option in the menu is ENTER after the last number is entered. "MLX" is a new way to enter long DATA. If youyou're're just starting to type in machine language (ML) programs withwith a program, pick this. Press the E key, Invalid Characters Banned out a lot of fuss. MLX lets you enter the and type the first number in the firstflrst In 64 MLXMLX,, only a few keys are active numbers from a special list that looks line of the program listing. If you've while youyou're're entering data, so you may similar to BASIC DATA statements. It alreadalreadyy typed in partpar-! of a program,program, type have to unlearn some habitshabits.. You do not checks your typing on a line-by-Iineline-by-line the line.numberline number where you left off typtyp type spaces between the columns; the basis. It wonwon't:t let you enter invalid ing at the end of the previous sessionsession.. . new MLX automatically inserts these characters or let you continue if therethere's's In any case, make sure the address you for you. You dado natnot press RETURN after a mistake in a line. It won't even let you enter corresponds to the address of a typing the last number in a lineline;; the enter a line or digit out of sequence. For line in the listing you are entering. OthOth new MLX automatically enters and the Commodore 64, this new version of erwiseerwise,, youyou'll'll be unable to enter the checks the line after you type the last MLX was first introduced in the DecemDecem data correctly. In the 64 version, if yoyouu digit. ber 1985 issueissue.. No versionVersion of 64 MLX pressed E by mistake, you can return to Apple MLX is fairly flexible about published before thathatt date can be used the command menu by pressing RERE how you type in the numbers. You can to enter the MLX-format listingslistings in this TURN alone when asked for the adad put extra spaces between numbers or issue. dressdress.. (You can get back to the menu leave the spaces out entirely, compresscompress from most options by pressing RE ing a line into 18 keypresses. But be U,lngUsing MLX TURN with no other input.) careful not to put a space between two Type in and save some copies of whichwhich Once you're iinn Enter mode, MLX digits in the middiemiddle of a number. MLX ever version of MLX is appropriate for prints the address for each program line will read two single-digit numbers inin your computer (you(you'll'll want to use it to for you. You then type in all nine numnum stead of one two-digit number (F 6 enter future ML programs from COM·COM bers on that lineline,, beginning with the means F and 66,, not F6). You must press PUTE!)PUTE!).. Program 1 is for the Commodore first two-digit number after the colon RETURN to enter the line. 64, and Program 2 is for the Apple.Apple. For ((:).:). Each line represents eight data bytes OniyOnly the numerals 0-9 and the Apple MLXMLX,, it doesndoesn't't matter whether and a checksumchecksum.. Although an MLXMLX- llettersetters A-F can be typed in. If you press you save the program on a disk formatformat format listing appears similar to the any other key (with some exceptions ted for DOS 3.3 or ProDOSProDOS.. Programs ""hexhex dumpdump"" machine language listings noted below), nothing happens (the 64 entered with Apple MLX, howeverhowever,, you may bbee accustomed toto,, the extra version gives a warning buzz to indiindi must be saved to a disk fonnattedformatted with checksum number on the end allows cate an invalid keypress)keypress).. Even better, the same operating system as MLX itit MLX to check your typing. (Apple users MLX checks for transposed characters. selfself.. If you have an Apple HelIe or lIe,He, can enter the data from an MLX listing If you'reyou're supposed to type in A0AD and make sure that the key marked Caps using the built-inbuilt-in monitor if the rightright instead enter OA,0A, MLX will catch your Lock is in the down position. most column of data is omittedomitted,, but we mistakemistake.. When youyou're're rreadyeady to enter an ML recommend againagainstst it. It's much easier program,program, load and run MLX. It asks you to let MLX do the proofreading and Editing Feature,Features for a starting address and an ending error checking for you.) To correct typing mistakes before fmfin addressaddress.. These addresses appear in the When you enter a lineline,, MLX recalrecal ishing a line in the 64 version, use the article accompanying the MLXMLX-format-format culates the checksum from the eight INSTINST/DEL (DEL key to delete the character program listing you're typing. If you're bytesbytes and the address and compares to the left of the cursor. (The cursor-left unfamiliar with machine languagelanguage,, the this value to the number from the ninth key also deletesdeletes.).) If you mess up a line addresses (and all other values you en- en column. If the values match, the data is reaUyreally badly, press CLRCLR/HOME( HOME to start -terter in MLX) may appear strange. InIn added to the workspace areaarea,, and the the line ovover.er. The RETURN key is also stead of the usual decimal numbers prompt for the next line of data appears activeactive,, but only before any data is typed yoyou'reu're accustomed to,to~ . these numbers (the 64 version gives a pleasant beep to on a line.line. Pressing RETURN at this are in hexadecimal-ahexadecimal—a base 16 numbernumber indicate that the line was entered corcor point returns you to the command ing system commonly used by ML propro rectly). But if MLX detects a typing erer menumenu.. After you type a character of grammers. Hexadecimal-heHexadecimal—hexx for.for rorror,, you'll be notified of the mistake. datadata,, MLX disables RETURN until the short-includesshort—includes the numerals 0-9 and The 64 version will sound a low buzz cursor returns to the start of a lineline.. the letters A-F. But don't worry—evenworry-even and display an error message, then rere RememberRemember,, you can press CLR(HOMECLR/HOME if you know nothing about ML or hex, display the line for editing. Apple MLX to quickly get to a line number prompt. you should have no trouble using MLX. sounds a beep to alert you of the error More editing featuresfeatures are available AiterAfter you enter the starting and and then eerasesrases the incorrect line and when correcting linlineses in which 64 MLX ending addressesaddresses,, the 64 version will prompts you to reenter it correctly. has detdetectedected aann errerror.or. To make correccorrec offer you the option of clearing the AiterAfter you have entered the last tions in a line that MLX has redisplayed workspace. Choose this option if you're number on the last line of the listing, for editingediting,, compare the line on the 120 COMPUTEI June 11986966 screen with the one printed in the list-list ping several times during a load or BASIC. In the 64 version the RUN/ . ing, then move the cursor to the mismis save. DonDon't't panicpanic;; this is normal behavbehav STOP key is disabled, so the Q option take and type the correct key. The iorior.. MLX opens and reads from or lets you exit the program without hIm·turn cursor left and right keys provide the writes to the file instead of using the ing off the computer. (Of course, RUN/ normal cursor controls. (The INSTINST/ / usual LOAD and SAVE commands. STOP-RESTORE for the 64 or CONCON DEL key now works as an alternative Disk users should also note that the TROL-RESET for the Apple also gets cursor-left key.) You cannot move left drive prefix 00:: is automatically added to you out.) The 64 version will ask for beyond the first character in the line. If the fIlenamefilename (line 750), so this should verificationiverification; press Y to exit to BASIC,BASIC, or you try to move beyond the rightmost not be included when entering the any other key to return to the menu. character, you'll reenter the line. DurDur name. (This also precludes the use of @ After quittingquitting,, you can type RUN again ing editing, RETURN is activeactive;; pressing for SaveSave-with-Replace,-with-Replace, so remember to and reenter MLX without losing your it tells MLX to recheck the lineline.. You can give each version you save a different data, as long as you dondon't't use the cleardear press the CLR/HOME key to clear the name.) workspace option in 64 MLX.MLX. entire line if you want to start from Remember that MLX saves the enen The Finished Product scratch, or if you want to get to a line tire workspace area from the starting tire workspace area from the starting When you've finished typing all the number prompt to use RETURN to get address to the ending address, so the address to the ending address; so the data for an ML program and saved your back to the menu. save or load may take longer than you save or load may take longer than you work, you're ready to see the results. Apple MLX also includes some might expect if you've entered only a might expect if you've entered only a The instructions for loading and using editing features. The left- and rightright- small amount of data from a long list small amount of data from a long list the finishedfinished product vary from program arrow keys allow you to back up and go ing. When saving a partially completed ing. When saving a partially completed to program. Some Commodore 64 ML forward on the line you're entering so listing, make sure to note the address listing, make sure to note the address programs are designed to be loaded and that you can retype data. Pressing the where you stopped typing so you'll where you stopped typing so you'll run like BASIC programs, so all you CONTROL (CTRL) and D keys at the know where to resume entry when you know where to resume entry when you need to type is LOAD "filename",S"filename",8 for same time (delete) removes the characcharac reload. reload. disk or LOAD "filename" for tape, and ter under the cursor, shortening the line disk or LOAD "filename" for tape, and MLX reports any errors detected then RUN. (Such programs usually by one character. Pressing CONTROL-ICONTROL-1 then RUN. (Such programs usually during the save or load. For the 64 have 0801 as their MLX starting ad (insert) puts a space under the cursor have OSOI as their MLX starting ad version, the standard disk or tape error dress.) Others must be reloaded to spe and sliiftsshifts the rest of the line to the dress.) Others must be reloaded to spe messages will be displayed. (Tape users cific addresses with a command such as right, making the line one character cific addresses with a command such as should bear in mind that the CommoCommo LOAD "filename",8,1 for disk or LOAD longer. If the cursor is at the right end of LOAD "filwame",S,1 for disk or LOAD dore 64 is never able to detect errors "filename",1,1 for tape, then started the line, neither CONTROL-D nor "filename", 1, 1 for tape, then started when saving to tape.) The 64 version with a SYS to a particular memory ad CONTROL-I has any effecteffect.. To leave with a SYS to a particular memory ad also has three special load error mesmes dress. (On the Commodore 64, the Enter modemode,, press the RETURN key dress. (On the Commodore 64, the sages: INCORRECT STARTING ADAD most common starting address for such when MLX prompts you with a new most common starting address for such DRESSDRESS,, which means the fIlefile you're programs is 49152, which corresponds line addressaddress.. programs is 49152, which corresponds trying to load does not have the starting to MLX address COOOC000.).) In either case, Display Data address you specified when you ran you should always refer to the article MLX; LOAD ENDED AT address, The second menu choice, DISPLAY MLX; LOAD ENDED AT address, which accompanies the ML listing for which means the file you're trying to DATA, examines memory and shows which means the me you're trying to . information on loading and running the load ends before the ending address the contents in the same format as the load ends before the ending address program. For the Apple, you need to you specified when you started MLX; program listing (including the checkcheck you specified when you started MLX; BRUN the program, or youyou may and TRUNCATED AT ENDING AD sum). When you press D, MLX asks you and TRUNCATED AT ENDING AD BLOAD and start the program with a DRESSDRESS,, which means the file you're CALL. Again, refer to the article accom for a starting addre~s.address. Be sure that the CALL. Again, refer to the article accom trying to load extends beyond the end starting address you give corresponds trying to load extends beyond the end panying the machine language propro ing address you specified when you to a line number in the listing. OtherOther ing address you specified when you gram for instructions. started MLX. If you see one of these wise, the checksum display will be started MLX. you see one of these messages and feel certain that you've An Ounce Of Prevention meaningless. MLX displays program An Ounce Of Prevention loaded the right file, exit and rerun lines until it reaches the end of the By the time you fmishfinish typing in the data MLX, being careful to enter the correct program, at which point the menu is MLX, being careful to enter the correct for a long ML program, you'll have starting and ending addresses. redisplayed. With Apple MLX, you can starting and ending addresses. several hours invested in the project. stop the display and return to the menu The Apple version simply displays DonDon't't take chances-usechances—use our "A"Autouto by pressing any key. The 64 version the message DISK ERROR if a problem matic Proofreader"Proofreader" to type the new allows you to stop the display and get is detectdetecteded during a Save or Load. If MLX, and then ttestest your copy thoroughthorough back to the menu by pressing RETURNRETURN,, you're not sure why a disk error has ly before first using it to enter any sigsig or to pause the display by pressing the occurred, check the drive. Make sure nificant amount of data. Make sure all space bar (press space again to restart there's a formatted disk in the drive and the menu options work as they should. the display). that it was formatted by the same operoper Enter fragments of the program starting ating system you're using for MLX at several different addressesaddresses,, then use Other Menu Options (ProDOS or DOS 3.3). If you're trying the DisplaDisplayy option to verify that the Two more menu selections let you save to save a mefile and see an error messagemessage,, data has been entered correctly. And be programs and load them back into ththee the disk might be full. Either save the sure to test the Save and Load options computer. These are SAVE FILE (SAVE fIlefile on another disk or quit MLX (by several times to ensure that you can DATA in the 64 version) and LOAD pressing the Q key), delete an old fIlefile or recall yoyourur work from disk or tape. FILE; their operation is quite straightstraight two, then run MLX again. Your typing Don't let a simple typing error in the forward. When you press S or LL,, MLX shoushouldld still be safe in memory. If the new MLX cost you severaseverall nights of asks you for the fIlename. filename. ThThee 64 verver eerrorrror message appears during a Load, hahardrd work. sion will follow this by asking you to you may have specified a filename that In the Apple version, line 100 traps press either D or T to select disk or tape. doesn't exist on the disk. all errors to line 610. If MLX is typed in Those using the 64 version will The Quit menu option has the obob correctly, then only disk errors should ' notice the disk drive starting and stop-stop vious effect-iteffect—it stops MLX and enters normally be encountered. A disk error June 1986 COMPURICOMPUTEI 121 message when yoyou'reu're nnotot tryitryingng toto acac 700,700,280:GOSUB1060:GOTO250 280:GOSUB1060:GOT02s0 580 G05UB1080:BzBS+AD-SA:FORGOSUB1080:B=BS+AD-SA:FOR II cess the drive-fordrive—for example, when you :rem:rem 97 :::::0=0 TO 7:POKE 7;POKE B+I,A(I):NEXT firstfirst startstart entering data-indicatesdata—indicates a 280 PRINT"{RVS}PRINT"[RVS] QUIT ":INPUT" :rem:rem 245 (DOWN)E43ARE YOU SURE [Y/N 590 AD=AD+8:IF AD>EA THEN CLOS typing error in the MLX program itself.itself. (DOWN)!4~ARE YOU SURE [YiN 590 AD=AD+8:IF AD>EA THEN CLOS J",]";A$:IF A$ dF LEFT$LEFTS(AS,1)<>"Y"T (A$, 1) <> "Y"T E3:PRINT"{OOWN}{BLU}*·E3:PRINT"(DOWN)[BLU)** END If this occurs, hit CONTROL-RESET to If this occurs, hit CONTROL-RESET to HEN220 :rem 189 OF ENTRY ****(BLK}[2 {BLK}{ 2 DOWN}" break out ooff MLX and carefully comcom 290 POKE 5D+24SD+24,0:END, 0:ENO :remjrem 95 ::GOTO700 GOT0700 :rem:rera 207 pare your entry against the printed 300 IN$=N$:AD=0:INPUTIN$:IFLENINS=NS:AD=0:INPUTINS:IFLEN 600 F:o:0:F=0:GOTO440 GOT0440 ::rem rem 84 listing. (IN$)<>4THENRETURN(IN?)<>4THENRETURN ::remrem 31 610 PRINT"(CLR)(OOWN)(RVS)PRINT"{CLR}{DOWN}{RVS} DIS J10310 B$=IN$:GOSUB320:AD:::::A:B$=MIB$=INS:GOSUB320:AD=A:BS=MI PLAY DATA ":G05UB400:IF":GOSUB400:IF IN D$(IN$,3),GOSUB320,AD=AD*2D$(IN$, 3):GOSUB320:AD=AD*2 $=N$S=N$ THEN220 ::rem rem 146 56+A:RETURN :rem 225 620 PRINT"print"(down)[blujpress: (DOWN) (SLU)PRESS, For Instructions on entering these listings, For instructions on entering these Qstlngs, 320 A~0,FORA=0:FOR J~lJ=l TO 2,A$=MID$(B2iAS=MID?(B (RVS)SPACE(OFF)[rvs)space£off} TOto PAUSE,pause, please relerrefer toto "COMPUTEI's Guide to Typing $,$,J,1):B=ASC{AS)-C4+(A$ J , 1) ,B=ASC(A$ )-C4+(A$>>"@ "@ (SPACE)(RVS)RETURN(OFF)[space)[rvs}return[off) TOto In Programs" Inin this Issueissue of COMPUTECOMPUTEI.!. "}*C7:A:o:A*C6+B")*C7:A=A*C6+B :rem 143 BREAK!4!!DOWN)BREAKi43(DOWNj" " ,rem:rem 241 J30330 IF B<0 OR B>15 THEN AD:::::0:AAD=0:A 630 GOSUB360:B=BS+ADGOSUB360:B=BS+AD-SA:FORI=B- 5A:FORI=B =-I:J=2=-l:J=2 :rem 132 TO B+7:A:::::PEEK(I):GOSUB350:B+7:A=PEEK(I):GOSUB350: Program 11:: MLX FoForr 340 NEXTNEXT:RETURN: RETURN ::rem rem 240 GOSUB380:PRINT S$; :rem 56 Commodore 64 350 B=INT(A/C6)B=INT(A/C6):PRINT ,PRINT MID$(H$MIDS(HS,, 640 NEXT:NEXT:PRINT"{RVS}";:A=CK:G0 PRINT" {RVS}" ; :A=CK: GO Version by Ottis Cowper, Technical B+1,l);:B=A-S*C6:PRINTB+l,I);:B=A-B*C6:PRINT MID SUB350:PRINT :rem 144 Version Ottis Cuwper, Technical 650 F=i:AO=AD+8:IFF=1:AD=AD+8:IF AD>EA THENP Editor $(H$$(H?,B+l,l)r:RETURN:rera, D+l,l);:RETURN:rem 42 Editor 360 A=INT(AO/Z6):GOSUB350:A=ADA=INT(AD/Z6):GOSUB350:A=AD RINT"RINT"{D0WN}[BLU]** {DOWN I {BLU} ** END OF (SPACE}DATA{SPACE)DATA **"**":GOTO220 :GOT0220 100 POKE 56,S0:CLR:DIM56,50:CLR:DIM IN'$,I,JIN$,I,J -A*Z6:GOSUB350-A*Z6:GOSUB350:PRINT":";: PRINT":"; :rem 170 ,A,B,A$,B$,A(7),N$,A,B,A§,B$,A(7),N? :rem-rem 34 :rem 32 66~660 GET A$AS:IF, IF A$=R$AS=R$ THEN GOSUB 110ll~ C4~48C4=48:C6=16:C7=7:Z2=2:Z4=2 ,C6=16,C7=7 ,z2=2 ,Z4=2 370 CK=INT(AO/Z6):CK=AD-Z4*CK+CK=INT(AD/Z6):CK=AD-Z4*CK+ 1080:GOT02201080:GOTO220 :rem 65 54,Z5=255,Z6=256,Z7=12754:Z5=255:Z6=256:Z7=127 Z5*(CK>Z7):GOTOJ90:remZ5*(CK>Z7):GOTO390:rem 131 670 IF A$=S$ THEN F=F+1:GOSUB1 :rem 238 380 CK=CK*Z2+Z5*(CK>Z7}+ACK=CK*Z2+Z5*(CK>Z7)+A ::remrem 168 080 :remtrem 28 120 FA=PEEK(45)+Z6*PEEK(46):BS 680 ONFGOTO630,660,630:rem 224 390 CKBCK+Zs*(CK>ZS):RETURNCK=CK+Z5*(CK>Z5):RETURN 680 ONFGOT0630.660,630:rem 224 =-PEEK(=PEEK{55)+Z6*PEEK(56):HS=" 55 )+Z6*PEEK( 56): H$=" 690 PRINT"PRINT"[DOWN)[RVS} (DOWN) (RVSJ LOAD OATDAT 0123456789ABCDEF" :rem 1X8 :rem 159 0123456789AB-COEF" :rem 118 A ":OP:::::l:GOT0710":OP=1:GOTO710 :rem 31 130 RS=CHR${13);L$="[LEFT}m:SS 400 PRINT"PRINT"{DOWN)STARTING (DOWN) STARTING AT!4~AT^43 13~ R$=CHR$ (L3), L$~" (LEFT)" ,5$ 70070~ PRINT"PRINT"[DOWN){RVS} (DOWN) (RVS) SAVE FIL =" ":D$=CHR$(20):Z5=CHR$(0 -;:GOSUB300:IF";:GOSUB300:IF IN$<>N$INS<>N$ THE ~" " ' D$=CHR$(2~)'Z$=CHR$(~ E ":OP=0U:OP=0 :rem 32 ):T$="U3 RIGHT}1' :rem 173 N GOSUB1030:IF F THEN400 ):T$="{13 RIGHT}" :rem 173 710 IN$=NS:INPUT"[DOWN}FILENAHIN$~N$,rNPUT"(DOWN)FILENAM 140 SD=54272:FOR I=SD TO SD+23 :rem 75 140 50=54272:FOR 1=50 TO 50+23 E!4~",'N$,'FEg43";IN$:IF IN$=N$INS=N$ THEN22 :POKE I,0:NEXT:POKE 50+24SD+24,, 410 RETURN :rem 117 420 PRINT"PRINT"IRVS) {RVS} ENTER DATA":GDATA ":G o0 :rem 229 1515:P0KE: POKE 788,52 :rem;rem 194 720 f=0:print"{down}{blk}{rvs} OSUB400:IF INS=N? THEN220 720 F=0,PRINT"(DOWN)(BLK)(RVS) 15015~ PRINT"PRINT"ECLR!"CHRS(142)CHR$( (CLR) "CIIR$(142)CHR$( OSUB400,IF IN$=N$ THEN220 T(OFF)APEt{off}ape ORor (RVS)D(OFF)IS[rvs)d{off}is 8),POKE8):POKE 5328~,15'POKE53280,15:P0KE 5328 :rem 85 K: g48";g43"; :rem 66 430 OPEN3,OPEK3,3:PRINT 3: PRINT ::rem rem 34 11,15, 15 :rem: rem 104 730 GET A$:IFA$ : IF A$="T"THENA?="T"THEN PRINT 440 POKE198,0:GOSUB360:IF F TH 16016~ PRINT T$" (RED)[RED}{RVS} (RVS) 440 POKE198 , 0 : GOSUB360:IF F TH "T"T{DOWN)":GOTO880 (DOWN) .. : GOT0880 ::rem rem 90 EN PRINT IN$,PRINT"(UP)INS:PRINT"[UP) (2 SPACES)g8SPACESj&S @j(2@1J2 SPACES)" 740 IF A$AS<>"D"THEN730 () "O"THEN730 ::rem rem 90 {5 RIGHT}"; :rem 6 SPC(28)"(2SPACES)(OFF)SPC(28)"{2 SPACES}(OFF) {5 RIGHT}"; : rem 6 750 PRINT-'DfDOWNj'^OPENlS.S^lSPRINT"D(DOWN)",OPEN15 , 8,15 450 FOR 1=0I~~ TO 24 STEP 3,B$=S$3:B$=SS (BLU){8LU} "LXMLX II (RED)(RVS){RED}[RVS) ,,"I0i":B=EA-SA:IN?="0:"+IN "10:":B=EA-SA:IN$="0:"+IN :FOR J=l TO 2:IF F THEN B$ (2 SPACES}"SPC(28)"SPACES) "SPC(28) " :FOR J=l TO 2 : IF F THEN B$ $:IFS:IF OP THEN810 :rem 163 =MIDS{INS,I+J,1) ;rem 226 (1.2{12 SPACES)(BLU)"SPACES}{BLU}" ,rem:rem 121 =MID$(IN$,I+J,l) ,rem 226 760 OPEN 1,8,S,IN$+",P,W":G0SU1 , 8 , 8, IN$+". P, W" :GOSU 460 PRINT"(RVS)"B$L$,,rFPRINT" [RVS} "B$LS; : IF K24TI<24T 170D~ PRINT"(3PRINT"{3 DOWN)(3DOWN}{3 SPACESjCOSPACES)CO B860:IF A THEN220 :rem 66 HEN PRINT"{OFF}";PRINT"(OFFj"; :rem 15 MPUTEl'S MACHINE LANGUAGE 770 AH=INT(SA/256):AL=SA-(AH*2AH=INT(SA/ 256),AL=SA-(AH*2 {SPACE)EDIT0R(3(SPACE)EDITOR(3 DOWN}"DOWN)" 470 GET AS:IFA$ : IF AS=NSA$=N$ THEN470 56),PRINTI1,CHR$(AL),CHR$(56):PRINT#1,CHR$(AL):CHR$( :rem 135 :rem 135 AH); :rem 221 18018~ PRINT"[BLKjSTARTINGPRINT"(BLK)STARTING ADDRES 480IF(A$>"/"ANDA$<",")OR(A$>"480 IF{AS>"/"ANDAS<":'1)OR(AS>" 780 FOR 1=0 TO 8,PRINTI1,CHR$(B:PRINT#1,CHR?{ Sg4!";:GOSUB300:SA:::::AD:G05USg43";:GOSUB300:SA=AD:GOSU @"ANDA$<"G")'fHEN540@"ANDA? <"G")THEN540 PEEK(BS+,»",FPEEK(BS+I));iIF ST THEN800 B1040:IF F THEN180:reraTHEN180:rem 113 :rem 100 irem:rem 171 19019~ PRINT"(BLK][2PRINT" (BLK)( 2 SPACESjENDINSPACES) ENDIN 490 IF A$=RSA$~R$ AND((1=0)AND{J=l)AND((I=0)AND(J=l) 790 NEXT:CLOSE1:CLOSE15:GOT094 OR F)THEN PRINT B$;:J=2:NE G ADDRESSES";ADDRESS!4~""GOSUB30~'EA:GOSUB300:EA OR F)THEN PRINT B$; : J=2:NE o :rem 230 =AD:GOSUB1030:IFaAD:GOSUB1030:IF F THEN190 XT:I=24:GOTO550XT:I~24 ; GOTOss0 irem:rem 46 800 GOSUB1060:PRINT"(DOWN)GOSUB1060:PRINT"{OOWN) :rem 173 500 IF A$="AS="{HOME}" (HOME)" THEN PRINT {BLKjERROR(BLK)ERROR DURING SAVE:^4SSAVE , !4~ ":GOSUB860;GOTO220 :rem 61 2002~0 INPUT"{3INPUT" (3 DOWN)[BLK}CLEARDOWN) (BLK)CLEAR W (SPACE}BSiJ=2:NEXT:1=24:NE(SPACE)B$.J=2,NEXT,I=24,NE ":G05UB860:GOT0220 :rem 61 8X0 OPEN 1,8,8,IN$+",P,R":GOSU ORKSPACE [Y/NJ!4~",A$[Y/N]i4§";A$:IF' IF L XT:F=0:GOTO440XT:F:o:0:GOT0440 :rem 66 810 OPEN 1,8,8. IN$+",P,R" : GOSU EFT$(A$,1)<>"Y"THEN220EFT$ (A$, 1) <> "Y"THEN220 510 IF(AS="[RIGHT)")ANDFIF(A$="(RIGHT )" )ANDF THENP B860:IF A THEN220 :rem 57 srera:rem 9 RINT BSLS;:GOTO540:remB$L$ ; :GOTOs40 : rem 107 820 GET#1,A$FB$:AD=ASC{AS+ZS)+GETI1,A$,B$,AD=ASC(A$+Z$)+ 210 PRINT"[2PRINT" (2 DOWN){BLU)WORKINGDOWN) (BLU)WORKING 520 IF ASOLSA$<>L$ AND A$<>D$ OR((I 256*ASC(B$+ZS):IF256*ASC(U$+Z$):IF AD<>SA T ...... ";:FORI=BS ";:FORI=B5 TO BS+EA-SA+BS+EA- SA+ =0)AND(J=1))THEN=0)AND(J~lj)THEN GOSUB1060 HEN F=1:GOTO850F=I:GOT0850 :rem 155 7:POKE I,0:NEXT:PRINT"DONE1,0 : NEXT : PRINT"DONE :GOTO470:GOT0470 :rem 232 830 FOR 1=0'~0 TO B:GET#1,A$:POKEB. GETt1 , A$ , PQKE " :rem 139 530 A$=LS+SS+LS:PRINTA$-L$+S$+L$ , PRINT BSLS;:J=B$L$"J= BS+I,ASC(AS+ZS):IFBS+',ASC(A$+Z$).'F ST AND 220 PRINTTAB(10)"{2PRINTTAB(1~)"(2 DOWN)[BLK}DOWN)(BLK) 2-J:IF2- J:IF J THEN PRINT L$;:I= (K>B)THEN(I<>B)THEN F=2:AD=I:I=BF=2:AD=I:I:::::S (RVS){RVS} MLX COMMAND MENU 1-3 :rem: rem 12 :rera:rem 180 {DOWN}B4§":PRINT(DOWNl!4j",PRINT T?"{RVS}ET$"(RVS)E 540 PRINT A$;:KEXTA$, . NEXT J:PRINTJ , PRINT SS;5$, 840 NEXT:IF ST<>64 THEN F=3 [OFFjNTER(OFF)NTER DATA" :rera:rem 62 jrem:rem 2 :rem 20 230 PRINT T$"{RVS)d{OFF)ISPLAYT$"(RVS)D(OFF)ISPLAY 550 NEXT I:PRINT:PRINT"[UP)IrPRINTIPRINT"{UP} 850 CLOSE1:CLOSE15:ONCLOSE1:CLOSEls:0N ABS(F>0) DATA":PRINTDATA": PRINT T$"{RVS)LT$" (RVS}L [5(5 RIGHT}";:INPUT#3,IN?;IFRIGHT)""INPUTIJ , IN$,rF +1 GOTO960,970GOT0960,970 :rem 12 [OFFjOAD(OFF)OAD DATA" :rem 19 IN$=N?IN$~N$ THEN CLOSE3:GOTO22CLOSE3,GOT022 860 INPUT#15,A,A$:IFINPUTI15 , A, A$,IF A THEN CL 240 PRINT T$"(RVS)S{OFF)AVET$"(RVS)S(OFF)AVE FI 0o :rem 106 0SE1;CL0SE15:GOSUB1060:PR1OSE1:CLOSEI5:GOSUB1060:PRI LE":PRINTLE" , PRINT T$"(RVS}Q{OFFjUIT$"(RVS)Q(OFFjUI 560 FOR 1=1 TO 25 STEP3:B$=MID NT"[RVS}ERROR:NT"{RVS}ERROR: "A$;rem"A$:rem 114 T{2T(2 DOWN){BLK)"DOWN)(BLK)" :rem,rem 238 S(IN$,I):GOSUB320:IF$(,N$"),GOSUB320,,F K251<25 870 RETURN :rem 127 25025~ GET AS:IFA$,IF A?=N$A$=N$ THEN250 [SPACE)THEN(SPACE)THEN GOSUB380;A(l/3GOSUB380,A(I/3 880 POKE183,PEEK(FA+2):POKE187POKE183 , PEEK(FA+2),POKE187 :rem 127 )=A :rem 81 ,PEEK{FA+3):POKE188,PEEK(F,PEEK(FA+3):POKE188,PEEK(F 260 A=0:FORA=-0:FOR 1=1 TO 5:IF A$=MID 570 NEXT:IF A<>CK THEN GOSUB10 A+4):IFOP=0THEN920:remA+4):IFOP=0THEN920:rem 178 $("EDLSQ",I,1)THEN$("EDL5Q",I,1)THEN A»ItI»5A=I : I=5 60:PRINT"{BLK!{RVS)6~ ,PRINT" (BLK)( RVS) ERROR:ERROR, 890 SYS 63466:IF(PEEK(783)AND763466, IF( PEEK(783 )ANDl :rem: r em 42 REENTER LINE &43":F=1:GOT84! ":F=1:GOT )THEN GOSUB1060:PR_INT"GOSUB1060.PRINT" 270 NEXT:ONNEXTI0N A GOTO420,610,690,GOT0420 , 61 0 , 690 , 0440 :rem 161161 [D0WN}[RVS}(DOWN)(RVS) FILE NOT FOUND 122 COMPUTEICOMPUTII June 19861Q86 ":":GOTO690 GOT069~ :jrem rem 34 LE (GI)(D)UIT": UIT": PRINT ~10510 RETURN GET A*: FOR I = 1 TO 5: IF 520 J - ASC (C*):J - J - 48 - 7 9~~900 AD=PEEK(829)+256*PEEK(833)AD=PEEK{829)+256*PEEK(830} 16B160 GET AS: FOR I ... 1 TO 5: IF ~20 J - ASC (CS)IJ - J - 48 - 7 A* < > MID* <"EDLSQ",1,1) T * (J > 64): RETURN :IF: IF AD<>SAADOSA THEN F=1:GOTO97F= 1 : GOT097 AS < > 1'110S ("EDLSQ",I,l) T • (J > 64): RETURN A- 01 INPUT A*:A* - LEFT* 130 :rem:rem 2131201 HEN NEXTNEXT:: GOTO 160 ~30530 A - 01 INPUT AtlAS ~ LEFTs 910 A=PEEK(831)+256*PEEK(832)A=PEEK(831)+256*PEEK(832)- 170 ON I GOTO 27B,220,1B0,200:270,220,180,200: (At,4)1(A*,4)i IF LEN (AS)(A*> - 0 THE I:F=F-2*{A June 11986986 COMPunlCOMPUTEI 123 s Digitize your picture with the perfect hardware/software combination: COMPUTER EYES and MAGNIPRINT II.' 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A-PLUS, send $29.95 to Swift Creek Software, 3790 Blenheim Rd., St. Joseph, MI 49085 send 529.95 to Swift Creek Software, 3790 Blenheim Rd., St. Joseph, MI 49085 BoxBox 15621562 (CP),(CP), Cambridge,Ca mbridge, MAMA 0223802238 Medical/DentalMedlclilfOental AccountsAccounts ReceivableReceivable programsprograms forfor thethe C64/128;C64/ 128; 900900 accounts,acrounts, 14001400 transactions.transactions. 22 drivesdrives andand EpsonEpson compatiblecompatible printerprinter req'd,req'd. FullFull featured.featured. $100.00$1 00.00 forfor programprogram oror $20.00$20.00 forfor demodemo programprogram andand manualmanual (credit(aedlt toto purchase)purchase) p!uB $4.50 P&H. Also: Drug Interactions: plu. $4.50 P&:: H. Al.o: Drug interactions: COMPUTEICOMPUTEI ClassifiedClassified IsI. a8 low-costlOW-COlt wayway toto telltell overover 350,000350 000 microcomputermicrocomputer ownersowners $85.00 (also for IBM PC), California 1 $85.00 (al10 fo r IB M PC). California aboutabout youryou r productproduct oror service.service. Medi-calMedl-cal Billing:BUlIng: 5150.00,5150.00. FreeFree info.Info. PeterPeter Bresler,Bresler. M.D.,M.D., 23902390 TierraTierra Dr.,Dr .. Ratal:Rat ••: S25525 perper line,line, minimumminimum ofof fourfour lines.UnH. AnyAny ororall all ofof thethe firstfirst linelineset setin in capitalupltllllettersletters at at nonocharge. (harse.Add Add £15SlS LosLos Osos,OSOI, Calif.CaUf. 9340293 402 (805)(80S) 528-5234528-5234 perperline line forfor boldfaceboldf~ce words,""ords, oror$50 $50 forforthe the entireI!ntire adad setsetin in boldfaceboldface (any(anynumber.numberof oflines.) lints.) . Termt:Terml:Prepayment Prepaymentis is required.required. Check,Chl!'Ck. moneymoneyorder, order, AmericanAmerican Express,Express. Visa,Vw, ororMasterCard MasterCard is15 accepted.a«epted. MakeMake TI-99/4ATI-99/ 4A Software/HardwareSoftware/ Hardware bargains.bargains. checksehed(spayable p"yableto to COMPUTE!COMPUTE! Publications.PublicatiON. . .. . Hard to find items. Huge selection. Form:Form:Ads Ads areartsubject subject totopublisher's publisher's approvalapproval andandmust must bebeeither tithertyped typed oror legiblylegtbly printed.pnnll'd.One Oneline lmeequals equals40 ~o Hard to find Items. Huge selection. letters and spaces between words. Please underline words to be set in boldface. Fast service. Free catalog. leIters and Ipaces betv.-een Io.'Ords. Plu5e underline words 10 be set in boldrau. F.. t service. Free catalog. Generala .n.r.1 Information:Inlormatlon:Advertisers Advertisersusing using postpostoffice Of(jcfbox boxnumbers numbersin in theirtheirads ads mustmustsupply supplypermanent permanentaddress address andand D.E.C., Box 690, HIcksville, NY 11801 D.E.C., Bo)( 690, Hicksville, NY 11801 telephonetelephontnumbers. numbers. OrdersOrders willwill notnotbe beacknowledged. acknowledged. AdAd will\\1m appearappearin In nextnext availableavail~b J eissue issueafter afterreceipt, receipt. doling:Clo. lng: 10th10thof ofthe thethird third. monthmonth precedingprt<:edlngcover coverdale date(e.g., (e.g ..June Juneissue Issuecloses clolesMarch Man:h 10th).10th). SendSendorder orderand and ORGANIZE YOUR GENEALOGY with "FAMILY ORGANIZE YOUR GENEALOGY with "FAMILY remittanceRmlttanCeto: to:Harry HarryBlair, Blair,Classified CluslfltdManager, MaNiger,COMPUTE!, COMPUTE!,P.O. P.O.Box Box 5406,5406,Greensboro, Grftnsboro,NC NC27403. 27403.To Toplace platean an BRANCHES".BRANCHES".For For C64C64 fc&: 15411541 oror 15711571 diskdisk adadby by phone,phone,call callHarry Ha"),Blair Blairat at(919) (919)275-9809. 273·9809. drive.drive.Send Send$19.95 519.95 ++ $252p/h pJhor orSASE SASE forfo rfree free Nollca:Notlc.:COMPUTE! COMPUTE!Publications Pub!katlonscanno: canno: be beresponsible rflponslblefor foroffers offersor ordaims claimsof ofadvertisers, advertisers,but butwill willattempt attemptto toscreen scrun infoInfoto: to:INVENTURE INVENTURE SOFT,SOFT, 33533353 S.S.Main, Main, SuiteSuite outoutmisleading mltludlngor orquestionable questionablecopy. copy. 101,101,Salt SaltLake Lake City,City, UTUT 8411584115 126126 COMPUTEICOMPUTII JuneJune 19861986 ProfessionalPROFESSIONAL handicapping systems • PRESENTED BY PROFESSOR JONES • GLD.GlD. ThoroughbredThoroughbred "Gold"" Gold" Edition™Edition AA "Full"" Fun" leaturedIt.turlN! thoroughbredtMfougllDled analysisanal)'S's deignedOHIgned fct'Ol''?1l "Your BEST metile prolessronalpro!HIIOft.II ana."" mo1M seriousI'''oul novicen()YICe $159.955159.95 completeoomplele BET in EGLD.EGLD. EnhancedEnhanced -'Gold"" Gold" Edition1"Edition "" - handicapping ■■Gold"" GoIO" EditionECl,(oon with""III completecomplete MasterMast ... Bettor"™Senor"" systemsystem integraled"'t~'alea onloonto trie111e software..." same$am,disk (\,$1< ThisTM powerfulpowerl... 1program PlOgtam willW\lllfallslertransfer allall dorseshofses ana~ scoiesSCOt" lo10ihe III. bet~t analysisanalySIs wiiti.." " a a ·'songl. single keystroke~ eystrol MHH.MHH . Master Harness ;.. ~ Handicapper1"Handicapper"· ~ compiote »l3S.« ProfessionalProteS$ONlIIOltsoli ware ....' designeddeSIgned lo10 p.ov.depr(M\lIe COI!Iplele $159.95 a• tnorougnU'IQrOUII" analysisanalySllolof all•• trottert'DIle. andand pacerpace. w/lmegraiean"teg'ale Reader Service Number/Advertiser Page Reader Service Number/Advertiser Page 102 Abacus Software ...... 2121,23.23 119 Professor Jones ...... 127 103 ActivisionActlvisian ...... 6868,69.69 120 Protecto ...... 46-47 104 Alpha Systems ...... ••...... 124 121 Shanner International CCorporp...... 7 105 Artificial Intelligence ...... 84 122 SourSourcece Telecomputing CarpCorporationoration ...... 35 106 AtariAlari ...... - ...... IFC-1 123 Springboard SoftSoftware,ware, Inc.Inc ...... 4 107 Blackship Computer Supply ...... 61 124 subLOGIC Corporation ...... IBC 108 BawaterBowater Computer Forms Inc ...... 9-10 125 Thompson Consumer Products CorpCorp...... 2-3 109 Chase Manhattan ...... 65 126 Tripp Lite ...... 40 C.OC.O.M.B..M.B. Direct Marketing Corp ...... 100 127 UnltechUnitech ...... 100 CommodareCommodore ...... : ...... BC 128 White House Computer ...... ,. , .. " ...... 72 110 CompuServe ...... 14,15 111 ComputAbility ...... • , .... , ...... 125 Classified Ads ...... , ... , • , ..... 126 112 Computer Direct ...... , . ...• , .... 44-45 COMPUTECOMPUTE! I Disk SubscrSubscriptioniption .... , ...... 49 Computer Mail Order ...... • , . . .. 2&-2726-27 COMPUTECOMPUTE! I SubscriptSubscriptionion ...... , 33 Covox Inc...... ,...... 127 COMPUTElCOMPUTE!'s's Amiga Books ...... 57 113 DaDavidsonvidson & Associates, Inc...... • , ...... 67 COMPUTEI's Apple Applications Special ...... 64 114 Dow Jones News/Retrieval ...... , .. . 19 COMPUTEICOMPUTE! ''ss Apple Titles ...... 3131,63,63 115 Duplicating TechnologTechnologiesies ...... , ...... 115 COMPUTEI's First Book of the Commodore Howard W. Sams & Co ...... , ...... 41 128 & Electronic Computer Projects ...... ,. . . 13 116 Jason-RanheimJason-Ranhelm ...... 102 Elementary Amiga BASIC and Elementary Lyco Computer ...... 38-39 ST BASIC ...... 37 117 National Advancement Corporation ...... 84 The Turbo Pascal Handbook ...... 43 118 PrecPrecisionision Data Products ...... 100 To Our Readers: COMPUTE! Publications is a part of the ABC Consumer Magazines group of ABC Publishing, Inc,Inc. and recently we consolidated many of our operations and moved our Customer Service Department to the New York ABC headquarters,headquarters. If you have any questions regarding back issues, disk orders, book orders, or how to place an order.order, call toll free 1-800-346-6767. New York residents should call 212-887-8525. If you want to order a subscription to COMPUTE!.compute!, COMPUTEIcomputei's's GAZETTEgazette,, COMPUTE!'scomputei's GAZETTEgazette DISK,disk, or the COMPUTECOMPUTE! I DISK,disk, call 1-800-247-5470 or in Iowa call 1-800-532-1272. Our Editorial Offices remain in Greensboro, North Carolina. If you wish to submit an article for publication, write us at COMPUTE! Publications.Publications, Inc"Inc., P.OP.O.. Box 5406, Greensboro.Greensboro, NC 27403. We thank you for your interest and continued support of COMPUTE! Publications.Publications, COMPUTE!9.2~!'y'!~[FPublicationsjnaO>cublications,lnc.e Part of ABC Consumer Magazines. Inc One 0of1 Ithehe ABC Publishing CCompaniesompanies COMPUTE!'s Disk YES! I want to save time and money. Please enter my quarterly subscription to the following COMPUTE! Disk: o□ Commodore D□ Apple o□ Atari o□ IBM oD Save 33% off the single issue o□ Save even more! 2 year subscriptionsubscription,, price. 1 year subscription, $39.95S39.95 $69.95 All Disk orders must be prepaid.prepaid. o□ PaymenPaymentt enclosed (check or money order) o Charge 0□ MasterCard 0D Visa Acct. No. ______EExp.xp. Date ______Signature Name . Address City ______State ____ ZZipip ___ (Outside uU.S..s. and Canada, add $9.00 per year fforor shipping and handlinghandling.).) Jl536 NO POSTAGPOSTAGEE NECESSARYNECESSARY IF MAJMAILEDl ED IN THETH E UNITED STATSTATESES BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRSTFIRST ClASSCLASS PERMIT NO.NO. 7551 DES MOINES,MOINES. IA POSTAGE WillWILL BE PAIDPAJD BY ADDRESSEE COMPUTERSCOMPUTE!'s DISK P.O.P.O. BOXBOX 10036 DES MOINES, IA 50347 I~:~~~~~~~ ~~.~;-: .~- . COMPUTE!'sCOMPUTERS APPLE APPLICATIONS SPECIAL oD COMPUTErsCOMPUTES Apple Applications o□ ComponionCompanion Disk to COMPUTE!'sCOMPUTES SpecialSpecial,, Spring 1986 $3.95 Apple Applications Special, O[Inn U.S. add $$1.001.00 shshippingipping and handling Spring 1986 $16.95 chargescharges;; outsoutsideide UU.S..S. add $$2.00)2.00) ((AddAdd $2.00 shshippingipping and handling charges) To order, send in this card with your payment or call totoll-freell-free 800·346·6767800-346-6767., ALL ORDERS MUST BE PREPAID IN U,SU.S.. FUNDSFUNDS., DpnNY2i2-887-8525.)n NY 212-887-8525.) oD Payment enclosed (check or money order)order)., oD Charge: 0□ Visa 0D MasterCard Account NoNo., ______EExp,xp, DateDate. __-=",/,:=:-- __ (Requ[Required]ired) SignatuSignaturere'______======,,- ______(ReQu(Requiredired when us!ngusing cred!creditt cocord.)rd .) NameName. ______~==~ ~------((PleasePlease pprint)llnt) Address.Address, ______City______StateState. ___ ZipZip. ______N MC306AAC306 PLACE STAMP HERE COMPUTE!'sCOMPUTERS APPLE APPLICATIONS SPECIAL 6th FLOOFLOORR SASALESLES DEPARTMENT 825 SevenSeventhth Ave. New YorkYork,, N.Y.10019NY 10019 COMPUTE!1*COMPUTEI's FREEFREE ReaderReader InformationInformation ServiceService UseUse thesethese cardscards toto requestrequest FREEFREE informationinformation aboutabout thethe productsproducts adad vertisedvertised inin thisthis issue.issue. ClearlyClearly printprint oror typetype youryour fullfull namename andand address.address. OnlyOnly oneone cardcard shouldshould bebe usedused perper person.person. CircleCircle thethe numbersnumbers thatthat correspondcorrespond toto thethe keykey numbernumber appearingappearing inin thethe advertisersadvertisers index.index. SendSend inin thethe cardcard andand thethe advertisersadvertisers willwill receivereceive youryour inquiry.inquiry. AlAl thoughthough everyevery efforteffort isis mademade toto insureinsure thatthat onlyonly advertisersadvertisers wishingwishing toto provideprovide productproduct informationinformation havehave readerreader serviceservice numbers,numbers, compute!COMPUTE! cannotcannot bebe responsibleresponsible ifif advertisersadvertisers dodo notnot provideprovide literatureliterature toto readers.readers. PleasePlease useuse thesethese cardscards onlyonly totfor subscribingsubscribing oror forfor requestingrequesting productproduct information.information. EditorialEditorial andand customercustomer serviceservice inquiriesinquiries shouldshould bebe adad dresseddressed to:to: compute!,COMPUTE!. P.O.P.O. BoxBox 5406,5406, Greensboro,Greensboro, NCNC 27403.27403. Check thethe expirationexpiration datedate onon thethe cardcard toto insureinsure properproper handling.handling. Use thesethese cardscards andand thisthis addressaddress only forfor computersCOMPUTEI'. ReaderReader InforInfor mation Service.Service, Do not sendsend withwith payment inIn anyany form.form, COMPUTE! 101 102 103 10410<1 105105 ■06106 107107 108103 109 110 111III 112112 113 114II. 115liS 116116 117117 118 119119 120 121121 122122 123 12412. 125 126 127127 126128 129129 130 131 132 133133 13413d 135135 136 137 13S138 139139 :a.jldO 1411.1 1421.2 143 1.3 1441M 145ld5 146ld6 1471.7 148 1.8 1491. 9 150150 151151 152152 153153 15415d 155155 156156 157157 158 159 160 160 161161 162 163 164 16d 166165 166 167167 168168 169169 117070 171171 172 173173 17417. 175 176 177177 178178 179 180 180 18118 1 182182 183 184lad 155185 186 187187 188 189 190 •91191 192 193 19419. 195195 196 197197 198 199 200 201 2:2202 203 20420d 205 206 207 205208 209 210 211 212 213 2142M 215 216 217217 218 219 220 221 222 223 22422. 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 23423d 235 2J£236 237 238 239 2402.0 2412.1 2422.2 2432.3 2M244 2452d5 2462d6 2472.7 2482.8 249 2.9 250 251 252 253 PleasePlease let uuss knoknow.w. Do youyou own:own : plan to buy:buy: PleasePlea se print oror type namename aandnd aaddress.ddress . LimitLimit one ccardard pperer pperson.erson. 0D AppleApple _ 0□ 270 271 '10 "1 NNameome 0D AtariAta ri _ — 0a 272", 273 AddressAddress 0D CoCommodoremmodore _ _ '"0D ,,,27d 275 CitCityy 0D IBIBMM _ '"0D ,276,, 277 SState/Provincetate/Province Zip 0□ TI-99/4AT~99/4A _ '"0□ ,,,278 ,,.,279 Country 0□ OthOtherer a 0 Phone ,330eo (specify model) ,,,2fli Phone PIaosePlease IncludeInclude ZIP Code ExplrollonExpiration DaleDate 7131/867/31/86 C0686CO686 SUBSCRIBE TO COMPUTE! FForor FFastestastest Service.Service, ColiCall OuOurr TolI·FreeToil-Free My CComputeromputer IIs:s: UUSS OOrderrder liLinene 800-247-5470 0011 0D Apple 0202 0D Atari OJ03 0□ Commodore 64 InlnlAcalH-SOO-532-1272 IA call ,.,00·532·1272 04cw 0D VVIC-20IC-20 0505 0D IBMIBM 0606 0D TI-99TI-99/4A/ 4A 99w 0D OOtherther ______0□ DDon'ton't yyetet hahaveve oneone.. oD $$24.0024.00 OneOne YYearear USUS SubscriptionSubscription oD $45.00$45,00 TwaTwo Year USUS SubscriptionSubscription NameName AddressAddress CityCity StateState ZZipip oD PaPaymentyment EnEnclosedclosed 0□ BBillill meme CChargeharge mmy:y: 0D VISVISAA 0D MMasterCardasterCard o□ AmericanAmerican EExpressxpress AAccountccount NoNo.. EExpiresxp ires // YourVbur sUDlerlpinscriptionllon wwillill beginbegin wUhwith tthehe nednext o..ollobloavailable Inueissue.. Plea~ePlease allowallow 4·6d-6 weeksweeks 10forf dedeliverylivery ooltirslr IIrSlluuoIssue. Sub5CSubscriptionrlptiOIl Ppricesllco11uOlecsubjectl loto chellgechange 01at allyany limolime Culi Outsideido IhetheU.SA USA piocHeplease oddadd S6$610rtor eocheach sub5Csubscription.rlplloll. J1554 Place StompStamp Here COMPUTE! Reader Service P.OP.O.. Box 2141 Radnor, PA 19089 NO POSTAGPOSTAGEE NECESSARY II"" IIFF MAMAILEDILED IN THE UNIUNITEDTED STASTATESTE S BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST ClASSCLASS PERMIT NONO.. 7478 DES MOINES, IOWA POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEEAQQRESSEE COMPUTE! PO BOX 10954 DDESES MOMOINES,INES. IOWA 50347 "•'■'•' ->*■ ■-«-■-.;■-- Flight Simulator Scenery Disks The Challenge of Accomplished Flight Apple and Atari versions will be released soon. Each disk covers a With a realism comparable to (and in some ways even surpassing) geographical region of the country in detail, and is very reasonably $100,000 aircraft flight simulators. Flight Simulator II includes full priced. flight instrumentation and avionics, and provides a full-color out-the- window view. Instruments are arranged in the format standard to The Pure Fun of "World War I Ace" modern aircraft. All the radios needed for IFR flight are included. When you think you're ready, you can test your flying skills with the Front, rear, left, right, and diagonal views let you look in any direction. "World War I Ace" aerial battle game. This game sends you on a Program features are clearly documented in a 96-page Pilot's Operat bombing run over heavily-defended enemy territory. Six enemy ing Handbook. fighters will attempt to engage you in combat as soon as war is declared. Your aircraft can carry five bombs, and your machine guns For training in proper flight techniques. Flight Simulator II includes are loaded with 100 rounds of ammunition. another 96-page instruction manual, compiled by two professional flight instructors with over 8.000 hours flight time and 12,000 hours See Your Dealer. Flight Simulator II is available on disk for the of aviation teaching experience. You'll learn correct FAA- Apple II, Atari XL/XE, and Commodore 64/128 computers for recommended flight procedures, from basic aircraft control through $49.95. Scenery Disks for the C64 and IBM PC (Jet or Microsoft instrument approaches. To reward your accomplishments, the Flight Simulator) are $19.95 each. A complete Western U.S. Scenery manual even includes a section on aerobatic maneuvers. six-disk set is also available for $99.95. For additional product or ordering information, call (800) 637-4983. The Realism and Beauty of Flight Apple II is i trademark of Apple Computer. Inc. Go sight-seeing over detailed, realistic United States Atar. XL and XE arc trademarks of Alan Corp. Commodore 64 and 12B are trademarks of Commodore Electronics Ltd. scenery. High-speed graphic drivers provide an IBM PC is a registered trademark ol International Business Machines Corp animated out-the-window view in either day, dusk, or night flying modes. LOGIC Flight Simulator II features over 80 airports in four 713 Edgebrook Drive different scenery areas: New York, Chicago. Seattle, Champaign IL 61820 and Los Angeles. Six additional Scenery Disks covering (217|359-B4B2Telex: 206995 the entire Western half of the United States are now Order tine: (800) 637-4983 available in IBM and C64/I28 disk formats. (eicepl in Illinois Alaska, and Hawanl ■ ,8'" 'i ■ k All you need to do this I.' J^J ... HKCIKI1L I All you need to do this .. ■ I.SSJJS,; ■"-' ■■' I ■ ... : .- .ml • Self, ".'i ' !. !'". i H~ mm graphgraph a a spreadsheetspreadsheet writewrite aa nnovelavel - fix an engine fix an engine compose a song popaintinl a ppictureicture your banking -,our banking learn to flyfly organize a data base telltell a storystory WhenWhen ifit comescarnes toto personalpersonal computers,computers, youyou 1 wantwant thethe smartest,smartest, atat aa priceprice thatthat makesmakes sense.sense. TheThe newnew CommodoreCommodare 128™128 " systemsyslem hashas aa powerfulpowerful 128K128K memorymemory expandableexpandable byby512K. SI2K. K AnAn 80-column80·column displaydisplay andand 64,12864, 128 andand CP/M®CP j M® modesmodes forfar easyeasy accessaccess to10 thousandsIhousands ofofedu edu is this. cational,cational. businessbusiness andand homehome programs.programs. AndAnd aa keyboard,keyboard,with with builf-inbuill-in numericnumeric keypad,keypad, thatIhat operatesoperates withwilh littlelillie effort.effort. OrOr ifif thethe CommodoreCommodore 128128 isis moremore machinemachine thanIhan youyou hadhad inin mind,mind, youyou cancan pickpick upup thethe CommodoreCommodore 64®64 ®TheThe Commodore Commodore 6464 isis forecastforecast salessales _iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ______.. ourourlower-priced lower- priced modelmodelgeared geared toto moremore fundamental,fundamental, basicbasic needs.needs . Discover personal computers that ^Wf HB III IM Hi V 9 IB Itf UM dodomore morefor foryou. you.At AIprices priCesyou've you've Discover personal computers that 2!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~. . .been Peenwaiting waitingfor. for. FromFrom thethecompany company \ thattootsells sells moremor.e personalpersonal computerscomputers ■■ thanthan IBM®IBM®or orApple® Apple® DCllt98S.m Commodore, ComtTlOOOfe£iecrionics (lec!'OI'Iicsiimirea lwnIled £ CP/M is o legisierea Trademark ol Olgiial Beseafch. inc • CP/M Is a leoi~ et eo Irooemort. 01 0I01ot ReloeOl.C1\ InC i Apple a a legiHered TrodemarV ol ApDIe COmpuler. Inc S.o.,ppIe k 0 reo l~ereCI rroclemOlt 01' AQOIe Compurer, InC 8 ibm is a legisiered trademark of COMMODORECOMMODORE1!8128 ANDAND'64^ 64::-PERSONALPERSONAL COMPUTERS COMPUTERS • 16M 1$ (l regt!>lerea rrooemor'l: of inremoiionol Business Machines Corporonon Inremoliooolllu~ne1S MOChines (OfporOtion fl ComrrnxJoreCommocore6* 6.is Ias 0registered regISTeredItcdemarlt rrode mo,kofoCommodorer Commo