(Rutilus Rutilus Caspicus) @ > @

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

(Rutilus Rutilus Caspicus) @ > @ Investigation on the feasibility of cultivation of fingerling of the roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) until marketable size in the earthern pond with brackish and fresh waters Item Type monograph Authors Piri, Hossein; Piri, M.; Haghpanah, A.; Hamitabari, A.; Ghorbani, R.; Mazandarani, M.; Shakiba, M.; Iri, Y.; Shafei, A.; Kor, A.; Ahmadi, A.; Jabbari, E.; Yelghi, S.; Sepahdari, A. Publisher Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Download date 28/09/2021 06:40:28 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/39781 وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ، آﻣﻮزش ﺗو ﺮوﻳﺞﻛ ﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر – ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﻮان : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﺧ ﺎﻛﻲ ﺑﺎ آﺑﻬﺎي ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر و ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﺮي : : ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﭘﻴﺮي ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ 41508 وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﭻ ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر - ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺮوژه / ﻃﺮح: ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻛﻲ ﺑﺎ آﺑﻬﺎي ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر و ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻤﺎره ﻣﺼﻮب : -86082 12- 77-2 77-2 ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه / ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن : ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﭘﻴﺮي ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ( اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺮﺣﻬﺎي ﻣﻠﻲ و ﻣﺸﺘﺮك دارد ) : - - ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎ م ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي / ﻣﺠﺮﻳﺎن : ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﭘﻴﺮي ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران : اﺑﻮاﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺳﭙﻬﺪاري – اﻣﻴﺮ اﺣﻤﺪي – ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ - ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﭘﻴﺮي – ﻋﺒﺪا ... ﺣﻖ ﭘﻨﺎه- اﺣﻤﺪ ﺣﺎﻣﻲ ﻃﺒﺮي - رﺳﻮل ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻲ - ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﺎزﻧﺪراﻧﻲ - ﻣﺮاد ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺷﻜﻴﺒﺎ - ﻳﻮﺳﻒ اﻳﺮي - ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻘﻴﻮم ﺷﺎﻓﻌﻲ - ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻮﻫﺎب ﻛﺮ- اﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴ ﻞ ﺟﺒﺎري ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺸﺎوران : - - ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ : - - ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮا : اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺷﺮوع : /1/9 86 86 ﻣﺪت اﺟﺮا : 3 ﺳﺎل و 4 ﻣﺎه ﻧﺎﺷﺮ : ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﺷﻤﺎرﮔﺎن ( ﺗﻴﺘﺮاژ ) : 20 ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر : ﺳﺎل 1392 . ﺣﻖ ﭼﺎپ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﺤﻔ ﻮظ اﺳﺖ . ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ، ﺗﺼﺎوﻳﺮ ، ﺟﺪاول ، ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﻣﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻼﻣﺎﻧﻊ اﺳﺖ . « ﺳﻮاﺑﻖ ﻃﺮح ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮوژه و ﻣﺠﺮي » » ﭘﺮوژه : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ(Rutilus rutilus caspicus) در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻛﻲ ﺑﺎ آﺑﻬﺎي ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر و ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺪ ﻣﺼﻮب : 86082 2-77-12- ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ ( ﻓﺮوﺳﺖ ) 41508 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ : /4/7 91 ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺟﻨﺎب آﻗﺎي ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﭘﻴﺮي داراي ﻣﺪرك ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﻓﻮق ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ در رﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻴﻼت ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ داوران ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺑﺨﺶ اﺻﻼح ﻧـﮋاد و ﺗﻜﺜﻴـﺮ و ﭘـﺮ ورش آﺑﺰﻳـﺎن در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ 27/3/91 ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ و ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺮه /6 18 و رﺗﺒﻪ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . در زﻣﺎن اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه، ﻣﺠﺮي در : : ﺳﺘﺎد ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه ﻣﺮﻛﺰ █ اﻳﺴﺘﮕ ﺎه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻤﺖ رﺋﻴﺲ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻗﺮه ﺳﻮ ﺷﻐﻮل ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم ﺧﺪا ﻋﻨﻮان « ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺪرﺟﺎت » ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 1 1 ..... -1 ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 3 -2 ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻛﺎر ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 8 8 -2-1 ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ................................ ................................ ......... 8 8 -2-2 ﻣﻮاد ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 8 8 -2-3 روش ﻛﺎر ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 9 9 -3 ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 15 15 ... -4 ﺑﺤﺚ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 28 28 .. ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎ دﻫﺎ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 38 38 . ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 40 40 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 45 ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘ ﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻛﻲ .../ 1 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه دراﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ( Rutilus rutilus caspicus) در آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ وﻟﺐ ﺷﻮرﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻚ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ودر ﻗﺎﻟﺐ 3 ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﻣﻴﺰان 10000, 15000 و 20000 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮﻳﻚ داراي 3 ﺗﻜﺮار ﺑﻮد،از اواﻳﻞ اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل 1388 آﻏﺎز ودر آﺑﺎن ﻫﻤﺎن ﺳﺎل ﺧﺎﺗﻤﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﻌﻼوه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﭘﺮورش اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ در آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر ، ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ در ﻳﻚ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ( 10000 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر) ﺑﺎ 3 ﺗﻜﺮار در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻛﻲ ﺑﺎ آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮرﻧﻴﺰ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ . ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﺮورش از ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ﺳﻴﺠﻮال ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ودر ﻳﻚ اﺳﺘﺨﺮ ذﺧﻴ ﺮه ﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺲ از زﻣﺴﺘﺎن ﮔﺬراﻧﻲ و آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﺮورش در ﺳﺎل دوم ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ و ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪ . ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن از اﺑﺘﺪاي ﭘﺮورش ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﻴﻜﻪ ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﻪ وزن 30 ﮔﺮم رﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪ از ﻛﻨﺴﺎﻧﺘﺮه ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ( SKF) اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ . ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻏﺬاي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس درﺻﺪ وزن ﺑﺪن ﺑﺪن (از 5 ﺗﺎ 15 درﺻﺪ وزن ﺑﺪن ) وﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﻴﻞ و رﻏﺒﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ( اﺷﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ) ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺧﻤﻴﺮي ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و در اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ وزن و ﻃﻮل ﻣﺎﻫﻲ در ﺳﺎل اول ازاﺑﺘﺪاي دوره ﭘﺮورش ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن دوره ﭘﺮورش ﺑﻪ 58/1±55/5 ﮔﺮم و 02/1±57/8 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ رﺳﻴﺪ . ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ از ﭘﺮورش در ﺳﺎل دوم در ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ وزن وﻃﻮل ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن در ﭘﺎﻳﺎن دوره ﭘﺮورش در ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدل 48/16 ± 66/56 ﮔﺮم و 21/1±79/16 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ودر ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃﻮل ﻣﻌﺎدل12 1/ ± 49/ 16 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ و ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ وزن ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 83/15 ±83/53 ﮔﺮم ﺑﻮد. ﻛﻪ در ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃﻮل ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻌﺎدل 23/1± 73/ 16 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ و ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ وزن ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻌﺎدل 47/ 55/33±16 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﭘﺮورش در آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر ﻳﻚ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر( ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ) ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﻜﺮا ر در آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر ﻧﻴﺰ ﭘﺮورش داده ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ وزن82/1± 6/5 ﮔﺮم و ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃﻮل24/1 ± 9/5 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪ. در ﭘﺎﻳﺎن دوره ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ وزن ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ41/9 ±53/48 ﮔﺮم ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃﻮل 08/1±15/15 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ رﺳﻴﺪ . ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ رﺷﺪ روزاﻧﻪ در ﺗﻴ ﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ از ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدل 22/0 ،26/0 و 23/0 ﺑﻮد. در ﺗﻜﺮار آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺷﺪ ﻣﻌﺎدل 19/0 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ . ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻏﺬا در ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ از ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ 4/4 ، /2 ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ 46/4 و 4/4 ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر 14/3 رﺳﻴﺪ . ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﭼﺎﻗﻲ در آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ از ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ 41/2 در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر دوم ﺗﺎ 69/2 در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر اول و 56/2 در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺳﻮم ﺑﻮد . ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ اﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر ، ﻣﻌﺎدل 39/1 ﺑﻮد . درﺻﺪ ﺑﻘﺎء ( ﺑﺎزﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻲ ) در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻫﺎي آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ از ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 41/85 ، 21/82 و 76/82 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان آن در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر 73/88 ﺑﻮد. ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪي : ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ( Rutilus rutilus caspicus ) ، ﭘﺮورش ،آب ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر، آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ، اﺳﺘﺨﺮﺧﺎﻛﻲ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘ ﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻛﻲ .../ 3 -1 ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ و ﺳﺎﻳﺮآﺑﺰﻳﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻏﻨﻲ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻴﻨﻲ در ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻮادﻏﺬاﻳﻲ ﻣﺮدم اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻓﻮق اﻟﻌﺎده اي دارد. ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ دﻧﻴﺎ،ﺑﺨﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ از ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺧﻮد را از اﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ( ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻴﺎن، 1385 ) . اﻣﺮوزه آﺑﺰي ﭘﺮوري ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ در اﻗﺘﺼﺎد وﺧﻮد ﻛﻔﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ دارد. آﺑﺰﻳﺎن ﻋﻼ وه ﺑﺮ داﺷﺘﻦ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻴﻦ ،ﺣﺎوي ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ از اﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎي آﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺿﺮوري،وﻳﺘﺎﻣﻴﻨﻬﺎ،ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻲ و ﭼﺮﺑﻲ داراي ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﺧﺎص ﻧﻈﻴﺮ اﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎي ﭼﺮب اﻣﮕﺎ 3 6و ،ﺑﺮاي درﻣﺎن ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﻳﻬﺎي ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ، ﻋﺮوﻗﻲ،ﻛﻠﻴﻮي و ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﻳﻬﺎي اﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ. اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ روز اﻓﺰون ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﻏﺬا ﻳﻲ ،ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﻮدن ﺗﻮان ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ وﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ وﭘﺮورش ، اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﭘﺮورش آﺑﺰﻳﺎن را ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ( ﭘﻴﺮي ، 1390 ). ﺗﻨﻮع ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺑﻪ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن ﭘﺮورﺷﻲ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﺿﺮورت ﻫﻤﻮاره ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻤﻨﺪان ،ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﻦ و ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎت ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ( ﺣﺴﻴﻦ زاده ﺻﺤﺎﻓﻲ، 1390 ). ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ درﻳﺎي ﺧﺰر ( Rutilus rutilus caspicus) ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﺎ ارزش اﻳﻦ درﻳﺎ اﺳﺖ (Whitehead,1986) . درﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي دور ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ اﻳﻦ درﻳﺎ را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻲ داده ، اﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻴﺮﺳﺪ و ﻫﻢ در ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺣﻴﺎت ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﺎ ارزش ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺎﺳﻤﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﺰاﻳﻲ دارد( ﻣﻌﺼﻮ ﻣﻴﺎن و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، 1380). اﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ در ﺟﻨﻮب ﺷﺮﻗﻲ درﻳﺎي ﺧﺰر در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ اﻳﺮان وﺗﺮﻛﻤﻨﺴﺘﺎن زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ( ﻛﺎزاﻧﭽﻒ،1981). ﻗﺮﻳﺐ 80 ﺳﺎل ﭘﻴﺶ ﭼﻴﺰي ﺣﺪود ﭼﻬﺎر ﻫﺰار ﺗﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ در ﻣﺼﺐ ﻗﺮه ﺳﻮ ﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺨﻤﺮﻳﺰي ﺗﺎ 25 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮي رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻲ رﻓﺘﻨﺪﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻬ ﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎوي ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن آﺑﺰي ﻫﻢ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ . در ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﺧﺎص ﺑﺎ آﺑﻲ آرام وﻟﻲ ﺟﺎري ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻘﻲ ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ از ﻳﻚ ﻣﺘﺮ و ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻲ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺖ و ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﭘﺲ از آن ﺑﻪ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن و ﺳﭙﺲ درﻳﺎي ﺧﺰر ﺑﺮﻣﻲ ﮔﺸﺘﻨﺪ. در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻗﺮه ﺳﻮ ﻋﻤﻼ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻲ ﺷ ﺪه ﻛﻪ آب ﻗﻠﻴﻞ آن ﺣﺎوي زه آب اراﺿﻲ اﻃﺮاف وﻓﺎﺿﻼﺑﻬﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ و ... اﺳﺖ . ﺗﺪاوم ﻧﺴﻞ و ﺣﻔﻆ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮﻛﻠﻤﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ و اﻧﻜﺎر ﻧﺎ ﭘﺬﻳﺮي در ﺣﻔﻆ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ دارد . ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻗﺮه ﺳﻮ- ﻛﻠﻤﻪ( ﺗﻼﺟﻲ -) ﻓﻴﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﭼﻨﺪ ارﺗﺒﺎط وراﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار اﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ از ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ وﻫﻢ از ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ وﻧﻴﺰ از ﻧﻈﺮ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺣﺎﻳﺰ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ وﻳﮋه اﺳﺖ.در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮآﻣﺎر ﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن در اﻳﻦ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ /4 ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻬﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ،ﻛﭙﻮرو ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ، ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ و ﺻﻴﺪ ﺑﻲ روﻳﻪ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ اي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﻴﻬﺎي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ ، ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ از اواﺧﺮ زﻣﺴﺘﺎن ﺗﺎ اواﺳﻂ ﺑﻬﺎر ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﻧﻤﻮده و دوره اي از ﺳﺎل را در آن ﻣﻴﮕﺬراﻧﻨﺪﻛﻪ دراﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎن ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻫ ﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ (. ﻛﻴﺎﺑﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، 1378 ). ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺻﻴﺪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ، ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ آن در درﻳﺎي ﺧﺰر ﺷﺮوع ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﻣﻮﻟﺪ از ﻣﺼﺐ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﮔﺎﻧﺮود ، ﻗﺮه ﺳﻮ وﺑﻌﻀﺎ" ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﺻﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه ودر اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎ رﻫﺎﺳﺎزي ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ . ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي و رﺳﻴﺪن ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﻪ وزن ﻳﻚ ﮔﺮم، ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن در ﻧﺰدﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺼﺐ ﮔﺮﮔﺎﻧﺮود رﻫﺎ ﺳﺎزي ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ( ﺳﻠﻄﺎن ﻣﺤﻤﺪي، 1375 ). ﻋﻠﻲ رﻏﻢ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ در ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن و ﺟﻨﻮب ﺷﺮﻗﻲ درﻳﺎي ﺧﺰر ،ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ زﻳﺎدي ﺑﻮﻳﮋه در زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ آن ﺻﻮرت ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ وﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﺑﺴﻴﺎر اﻧﺪك و اﻧﮕﺸﺖ ﺷﻤﺎر اﺳﺖ ، ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ،ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﻣﻜﺎن ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ( راﻣﻴﻦ و ارﻏﻴﺪه، 1371; زﻫﺰاد و ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻲ ، 1371; ﺷﺎﻫﻲ ﻓﺮ، 1373 ) از آن ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ .
Recommended publications
  • (Rutilus, Teleostei, Cyprinidae) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolut
    ARTICLE IN PRESS Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution xxx (2008) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Short Communication Molecular systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of roaches (Rutilus, Teleostei, Cyprinidae) V. Ketmaier a,*, P.G. Bianco b, J.-D. Durand c a Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Haus 25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany b Dipartimento di Zoologia, Università di Napoli ‘‘Federico II”, V. Mezzocannone 8, I-80134 Naples, Italy c IRD UR 070 RAP route des hydrocarbures, BP 1386, Bel Air, Dakar, Sénégal article info Article history: Received 7 March 2008 Revised 15 July 2008 Accepted 16 July 2008 Available online xxxx 1. Introduction two alternative hypotheses (Zardoya and Doadrio, 1999; Durand et al., 2000, 2002a,b, 2003; Ketmaier et al., 1998, 2003, 2004; Cyprinid species diversity is not evenly distributed across Eur- Tsigenopoulos et al., 2003 and references therein). Although many ope. Central Europe hosts a homogeneous ichthyofauna, while of these studies have invoked the Lago Mare phase to explain many taxa are endemic to relatively narrow Southern European patterns of divergence, evidence supporting it as the most likely areas. This led to the recognition of 13 ichthyogeographic districts scenario is not always unambiguous. around the Mediterranean Sea (Fig. 1), each of which characterized Here, we used roaches (genus Rutilus) to infer speciation pat- by its own assemblage of endemic species (Bianco, 1990). Two bio- terns of primary freshwater fishes in the Eastern peri-Mediterra- geographic hypotheses have been proposed to explain the evolu- nean area.
    [Show full text]
  • Rutilus Rutilus Linnaeus, 1758. Rutilo EXÓTICA
    Atlas y Libro Rojo de los Peces Continentales de España ESPECIE Rutilus rutilus Linnaeus, 1758. Rutilo EXÓTICA ºo'" o< Q DESCRIPCIÓN Es una especie de talla media que no suele sobrepasar los 40 cm de longitud total aunque se co­ nocen individuos que han alcanzado los 50 cm de longitud y cerca de los 2 kg de peso. Su cuerpo es alto y comprimido lateralmente, con una cabeza pequeña que representa el 25% de la longitud del cuerpo. La aleta dorsal presenta de 9-11 radios blandos y es alta y de perfil cóncavo. La aleta anal es larga con 9-11 radios blandos. Las escamas son grandes y su número en la línea lateral es de 40-45. Sin dientes mandibulares o maxilares los dientes faríngeos se disponen en una fila en nú­ mero de 5-5. El número de cromosomas es 2n=50, en algunas poblaciónes es 2n=52. Clase: Actinopterygii Orden: Cypriniformes Familia: Cyprinidae Sinonimias: Cyprinus rutilus Linnaeus, 1758. Leuciscus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758). Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758). Cyprinus ruttilus Linnaeus, 1758. Cyprinus ruhellio Leske, 1774. Cyprinus simus Hermann, 1804. Cyprinus lacustris Pallas, 1814. Cy­ prinus jaculus ]urine, 1825. Leuciscus decipiens Agassiz, 1835. Leuciscus prasinus Agassiz, 1835. Cyprinus fulvus Vallot, 1837. Cyprinus xanthopterus Vallot, 1837. Rutilus heckelii (Nordmann, 1840). Leuciscus heckelii Nordmann, 1840. Leucos ce­ nisophius Bonaparte, 1841. Gardonus pigulus Bonaparte, 1841. Leuciscus rutiloides Selys-Longchamps, 1842. Leuciscus sely­ sii Selys-Longchamps, 1842. Leuciscus lividus Heckel, 1843. Leuciscus pausingeri Heckel, 1843. Leucos pigulus Bonaparte, 1844. Leucos cenisophius Bonaparte, 1845. Leuciscus jurinii Dybowski, 1862. Leuciscus rutilus daugawensis Dybowski, 1862.
    [Show full text]
  • 58 1 Shelton.Pdf
    The Open Access Israeli Journal of Aquaculture – Bamidgeh As from January 2010 The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh (IJA) will be published exclusively as an on-line Open Access (OA) quarterly accessible by all AquacultureHub (http://www.aquaculturehub.org) members and registered individuals and institutions. Please visit our website (http://siamb.org.il) for free registration form, further information and instructions. This transformation from a subscription printed version to an on-line OA journal, aims at supporting the concept that scientific peer-reviewed publications should be made available to all, including those with limited resources. The OA IJA does not enforce author or subscription fees and will endeavor to obtain alternative sources of income to support this policy for as long as possible. Editor-in-Chief Published under auspices of Dan Mires The Society of Israeli Aquaculture and Marine Biotechnology (SIAMB), Editorial Board University of Hawaii at Manoa Library Sheenan Harpaz Agricultural Research Organization and Beit Dagan, Israel University of Hawaii Aquaculture Zvi Yaron Dept. of Zoology Program in association with Tel Aviv University AquacultureHub Tel Aviv, Israel http://www.aquaculturehub.org Angelo Colorni National Center for Mariculture, IOLR Eilat, Israel Rina Chakrabarti Aqua Research Lab Dept. of Zoology University of Delhi Ingrid Lupatsch Swansea University Singleton Park, Swansea, UK Jaap van Rijn The Hebrew University Faculty of Agriculture Israel Spencer Malecha Dept. of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences University of Hawaii Daniel Golani The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel Emilio Tibaldi Udine University Udine, Italy ISSN 0792 - 156X Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - BAMIGDEH. Copy Editor Ellen Rosenberg PUBLISHER: Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - BAMIGDEH - Kibbutz Ein Hamifratz, Mobile Post 25210, ISRAEL Phone: + 972 52 3965809 http://siamb.org.il The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture – Bamidgeh 58(1), 2006, 3-28.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Assessment for Georgia
    Biodiversity Assessment for Georgia Task Order under the Biodiversity & Sustainable Forestry IQC (BIOFOR) USAID C ONTRACT NUMBER: LAG-I-00-99-00014-00 SUBMITTED TO: USAID WASHINGTON E&E BUREAU, ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION SUBMITTED BY: CHEMONICS INTERNATIONAL INC. WASHINGTON, D.C. FEBRUARY 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION I INTRODUCTION I-1 SECTION II STATUS OF BIODIVERSITY II-1 A. Overview II-1 B. Main Landscape Zones II-2 C. Species Diversity II-4 SECTION III STATUS OF BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION III-1 A. Protected Areas III-1 B. Conservation Outside Protected Areas III-2 SECTION IV STRATEGIC AND POLICY FRAMEWORK IV-1 A. Policy Framework IV-1 B. Legislative Framework IV-1 C. Institutional Framework IV-4 D. Internationally Supported Projects IV-7 SECTION V SUMMARY OF FINDINGS V-1 SECTION VI RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVED BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION VI-1 SECTION VII USAID/GEORGIA VII-1 A. Impact of the Program VII-1 B. Recommendations for USAID/Georgia VII-2 ANNEX A SECTIONS 117 AND 119 OF THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT A-1 ANNEX B SCOPE OF WORK B-1 ANNEX C LIST OF PERSONS CONTACTED C-1 ANNEX D LISTS OF RARE AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF GEORGIA D-1 ANNEX E MAP OF LANDSCAPE ZONES (BIOMES) OF GEORGIA E-1 ANNEX F MAP OF PROTECTED AREAS OF GEORGIA F-1 ANNEX G PROTECTED AREAS IN GEORGIA G-1 ANNEX H GEORGIA PROTECTED AREAS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT DESIGN SUMMARY H-1 ANNEX I AGROBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN GEORGIA (FROM GEF PDF GRANT PROPOSAL) I-1 SECTION I Introduction This biodiversity assessment for the Republic of Georgia has three interlinked objectives: · Summarizes the status of biodiversity and its conservation in Georgia; analyzes threats, identifies opportunities, and makes recommendations for the improved conservation of biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishery and Population Dynamics of Caspian Kutum, Rutilus Frisii Kutum (Cyprinidae), in the Caspian Sea
    Fishery and population dynamics of Caspian kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum (Cyprinidae), in the Caspian Sea Item Type thesis Authors Afraei Bandpei, Mohammadali Publisher Universiti Sains Malaysia Download date 01/10/2021 06:55:18 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/40686 FISHERY AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF CASPIAN KUTUM, Rutilus frisii kutum (CYPRINIDAE), IN THE CASPIAN SEA by MOHAMMADALI AFRAEI BANDPEI Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy October 2010 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT All praises to Allah Almighty whose countless blessings enabled me to complete this thesis. The Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) and Agriculture Training Research Organization (ATRO) supported this study. The materials were obtained from a my province project entitle “Age, growth, feeding items, and reproductive of Rutilus frisii kutum in the Caspian Sea‟‟ performed with cooperation at the Caspian Sea Ecological Research Center in Sari, Inlandwaters Aquaculture Research Center in Guilan, and Inlandwaters Aquatic Stock Research Center in Golestan provinces. Thanks are due to the previous and now managers of the Agriculture Training Research Organization (ATRO) Dr. Khalghani and Dr. Pourhemat and to the head of the Iranian Fisheries Research Oraganization (IFRO) Dr. Motalebi, for financial support. I am very grateful to my supervisor, Prof. Mashhor Mansor who always gives me constructive advices, guidance, encouragement, critical reading, and moral support during the research of my thesis, thank you so much. My former co-supervisor, Dr. Khoo Kay Huat, thank you for your help especially on fish physiology and ecology. I would like to thanks my co-supervisors, associate Prof. Dr. Shahrul Anuar Mohd Sah and Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Clarotes Laticeps
    conferenceseries.com conferenceseries.com 837th Conference 4th International Conference on Fisheries & Aquaculture November 28-30, 2016 San Antonio, USA Scientific Tracks & Abstracts (Day 1) Page 25 Xinzhong Wu et al., J Aquac Res Development 2016, 7:11(Suppl) conferenceseries.com http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.C1.011 4th International Conference on Fisheries & Aquaculture November 28-30, 2016 San Antonio, USA Developmental and evolutionary immunity of marine molluscan animals: Immune diversity and evolution Xinzhong Wu1 and Jiasong Xie2 1Qinzhou University, China 2University of Alberta, Canada ecently relevant findings from molluscs expanded our traditional concepts in the field of innate immunity, namely from Rsimple and homogeneous invertebrate immune system to the sophisticated and diversified innate immune system to host defense against pathogens, which include the effect of molecular diversity or increased abundance on immune diversity of molluscs, pathways that involved in molluscan immunity and how mollusk and pathogen interact at the molecular level. In particular the completion of related complete genome sequence from mollusc species gives the opportunity to examine the evolution of gene families, sequence divergence from different components of the innate immune system and the origins of some novel immune-related genes and their families in evolution. Here, we detailed some of the examples among these mollusc models to emphasize the diversities of the immune genes, their families and the diversified responses of innate immunity. We sought to discuss the drives or evolutionary dynamics of differences currently within the innate immune system from the present study existing in fact. In addition, we put forward the necessity of studying on comparative immune diversity with different invertebrate models.
    [Show full text]
  • 46112 درآﺑﻬﺎي اﻳﺮاﻧﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺧﺰر و رﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ Rutilus Rutilus Caspius ﺑ
    The Study of biology (age, feeding and, reproduction of Rutilus rutilus caspicus in south coast of the Caspian Sea (Iranian waters) Item Type monograph Authors Bandani, Gh.A.; Bagherzadeh, F.; Keymaram, F.; Yelghi, S.; Parafkandeh, F.; Larijani, M.; Ghorbani, R.; Tavakoli, M.; Ghasemi, Sh.; Sayad Rahim, M.; Noroozi, H.; Sabkara, J.; Daryanabard, R.; Ghadirnezhad, H. Publisher Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Download date 09/10/2021 23:52:15 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/39962 وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﺞﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر – ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﻮان: ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي (ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ، ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي و رﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ Rutilus rutilus caspius ) درآﺑﻬﺎي اﻳﺮاﻧﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺧﺰر ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل : ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ 46112 وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﭻ ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر- ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻠﻲ : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي (ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ، ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي و رﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ Rutilus rutilus caspius ) درآﺑﻬﺎي اﻳﺮاﻧﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺧﺰر ﺷﻤﺎره ﻣﺼﻮب ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻠﻲ : 89069 0-77-12- ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه/ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن : ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ( اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺮﺣﻬﺎي ﻣﻠﻲ و ﻣﺸﺘﺮك دارد ) : ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي (اﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ): ﻛﻴﻮان ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ (ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه آﺑﺰي ﭘﺮوري آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ ) ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎر(ان) : ﻣﺤﻤﻮد ﺗﻮﻛﻠﻲ-ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ – ﻫﻴﺎت ا... ﻧﻮروزي - ﻓﺮاﻣﺮز ﺑﺎﻗﺮ زاده – ﻓﺮﻫﺎد ﻛﻴﻤﺮام – ﻓﺮخ ﭘﺮاﻓﻜﻨﺪه - ﺷﻬﺮام ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻲ- رﺳﻮل ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻲ – ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ﺻﻴﺎد رﺣﻴﻢ - ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻻرﻳﺠﺎﻧﻲ- ﺟﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺒﻚ آرا - رﺿﺎ درﻳﺎﻧﺒﺮد- ﺣﺴﻦ ﻗﺪﻳﺮ ﻧﮋاد ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺸﺎور(ان) : - ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ(ان) : ﺷﻬﺮام ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻤﻠﻜﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮا : اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺷﺮوع : 89/8/1 ﻣﺪت اﺟﺮا : 3 ﺳﺎل ﻧﺎﺷﺮ : ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر : ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺣﻖ ﭼﺎپ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﺤﻔﻮظ اﺳﺖ .
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PUblication MAnagement J. Limnol., 2016; 75(s2): 131-141 ORIGINAL ARTICLE DOI: 10.4081/jlimnol.2016.1319 Past, present and future of the fish community of Lake Orta (Italy), one of the world’s largest acidified lakes Pietro VOLTA,1* Norman D. YAN,2 John M. GUNN3 1National Research Council, Institute of Ecosystem Study, Largo Tonolli 50, 28922 Verbania, Italy; 2Biology Department, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3; 3Vale Living with Lakes Centre, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E 2C6 *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Since 1926, the fishes in Lake Orta, one of Italy’s deepest natural lakes, were heavily damaged by profundal hypoxia and acidification linked to oxidation of ammonia from industrial effluents and by industrial metal pollution. Of the original 28 fish species, only perch survived the lake’s contamination. Recently, the water quality of the lake has been largely restored by reductions in pollutant inputs, and a massive liming intervention. These interventions restored fish habitat, but it is unclear whether the recent fish reintroductions were successful, and the present status of the fish community is unknown. Here we reviewed the history of the Lake Orta fish assemblage. Using an extensive 2014 sampling campaign, we compared the present fish community to both its pre-pollution composition and to the assemblages of nearby un-polluted, but otherwise similar lakes, Lake Mergozzo and Lake Maggiore.only While nearshore fish density now appears normal in lake Orta, the open water community remains impoverished both in numbers and in species.
    [Show full text]
  • Age and Growth of Kutum, Rutilus Frisii Kutum (Kamenskii 1901) in Tajan River (Southern Caspian Sea to Iran)
    Global Veterinaria 9 (2): 211-214, 2012 ISSN 1992-6197 © IDOSI Publications, 2012 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.gv.2012.9.2.64105 Age and Growth of Kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamenskii 1901) in Tajan River (Southern Caspian Sea to Iran) 12Mohammad Hosein Gorjian Arabi, Safoura Sedaghat, 23Seyed Abbas Hoseini and Ali Fakhri 1Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Tehran Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran 2Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran 3Expert Research Center Studies and Researches of the Persian Gulf, Persian Gulf University Bushehr, Iran Abstract: Age and growth of the Caspian Kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum were studied. In this study, 200 specimens (100 Females and 100 males) were collected using a gill and seine nets from March to May 2011 in Tajan River. Total length ranged from 37.1 to 54.7 cm and weights from 400 g to 1658.66 g. Age determination based on scale readings, showed that the population was composed of five age-groups. The highest and lowest age groups were 3++ (57.4%) and 1 age groups (0%) in females and 2+ (42.84%) and 6 + (0%) in males. Instantaneous growth of the fish at the 3++ - 4 age groups were very much lower than the younger age groups. Length-weight relationship showed positive allometric for males as W=0.0000005×L3.47 (R 2 =0.97) and a negative allometry model for female as W=0.00005 ×L2.73 (R 2 =0.93). Key words: Age Growth Rutilus frisii kutum Caspian Sea INTRODUCTION estuaries that discharged into southern part of Caspian Sea [4].
    [Show full text]
  • Sequencing the Transcriptome of Rutilus Rutilus (Cyprinidae) For
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Characterizing the transcriptome and molecular markers information for roach (Rutilus rutilus) WEI CHI1,2, XUFA MA1,2, JIANGONG NIU1,3, MING ZOU1,2,* 1 College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China 2 Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, China 3 Fisheries Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonemous Region,Urumqi, China E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Rutilus rutilus (roach) is native to most of Europe and Western Asia, and the Irtysh River basin in Sinkiang, northwest China is the marginal area of their natural distribution. The wide distribution and unique characteristic of this species makes it an ideal model for analyzing ecological and comparative genomics. However, the limited genome sequences available for this species have hindered these investigations. Transcriptomes from the brains and livers of five individuals collected from the Irtysh River basin were sequenced using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. A collection of 132,289 unigenes for this species were obtained using a de novo assembly method based on nearly 120 million clean reads encompassing more than 14Gb data. Approximately 37.5% (49,656), 27.1% (35,867) and 21.2% (27,987) of the transcriptome had homologs deposited in Nt, Nr and Swiss-Prot, respectively; 12.3% (16,328) were assigned to KOG classifications, and 21.5% (28,429) harbored Interpro domains. On the basis of the assembled transcriptome, we detected 177,493 SNVs resident in 39.3% (52,029) of the sequences, and 20.8% (27,497) of the sequences harboring 36,639 SSRs. The identified molecular markers are a basis for further ecological analysis, and the transcriptome reported here allows for more extensive evolutionary analyses of the Cyprinidae, the most species-rich family of freshwater fishes.
    [Show full text]
  • Kennisdocument Blankvoorn Rutilus Rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758)
    Rapport Kennisdocument blankvoorn Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) Kennisdocument 32 Afbeeldingen voorblad: Rechts boven: Pinder, 2001 Rechts onder: http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19787/0/rangemap Overig: Sportvisserij Nederland Kennisdocument blankvoorn, Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) Kennisdocument 32 Sportvisserij Nederland door G.A.J. de Laak 15 november 2010 Statuspagina Titel Kennisdocument blankvoorn, Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) Samenstelling Sportvisserij Nederland Postbus 162 3720 AD BILTHOVEN Telefoon 030-605 84 00 Telefax 030-603 98 74 E-mail [email protected] Homepage www.sportvisserijnederland.nl Opdrachtgever Sportvisserij Nederland Auteur(s) G.A.J. de Laak Emailadres [email protected] Redactie en E.H.R.R. Lammens & W.A.M. van Emmerik begeleiding Aantal pagina’s 83 Trefwoorden blankvoorn, biologie, habitat, ecologie Projectnummer Kennisdocument 32 Datum 15 november 2010 Bibliografische referentie: De Laak, G.A.J., 2009. Kennisdocument blankvoorn Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758). Kennisdocument 32. Sportvisserij Nederland, Bilthoven. © Sportvisserij Nederland, Bilthoven Niets uit dit rapport mag worden vermenigvuldigd door middel van druk, fotokopie, microfilm of op welke andere wijze dan ook zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de copyrighthouder en de opdrachtgever. Sportvisserij Nederland is niet aansprakelijk voor gevolgschade, alsmede schade welke voortvloeit uit toepassing van de resultaten van werkzaamheden of andere gegevens verkregen van Sportvisserij Nederland. Samenvatting In dit kennisdocument wordt een overzicht gegeven van de kennis over de blankvoorn Rutilus rutilus. Deze kennis betreft informatie over de systematiek, herkenning en determinatie, geografische verspreiding, de leefwijze, het voedsel, de voortplanting, ontwikkelingsstadia, migratie, specifieke habitat- en milieueisen, visserij en beheer. De blankvoorn is een algemeen voorkomende vissoort, die bekend is bij de meeste Nederlandse sportvissers.
    [Show full text]
  • FAO Aquaculture Newsletter, October 2018
    59 FFAO AquacultureAN Newsletter o N October 2018 Aquaculture Branch Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy E-mail: [email protected] FAO Aquaculture Newsletter ok18 FA N banner changed The FAO Aquaculture Newsletter (FAN) is issued two times a year by the Aquaculture Branch (FIAA) of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Rome, Italy. It presents articles and views from the FAO aquaculture programme and discusses various aspects of aquaculture as seen from the perspective of both headquarters and In this month’s issue the fi eld programme. Articles are contributed by FAO staff from within and outside the Fisheries and Aquaculture » Opportunities for Aquaculture Development Department, from FAO regional offi ces and fi eld projects, by FAO consultants and, occasionally, by invitation in Drylands ii from other sources. FAN is distributed free of charge to various institutions, scientists, planners and managers » Overview of Recently Published Global in member countries and has a current circulation of about 1 300 copies. It is also available on the FAO webpage: Aquaculture Statistics 6 www.fao.org/fi shery/publications/fan » The Development of Small-Scale Trout Farming in Kyrgyzstan 18 Chief Editor: Valerio Crespi » Rice-fi sh Farming in Iran: History and Editorial Board Members: José Aguilar Manjarrez, Graham Mair, Rodrigo Roubach, Elizabeth Graham Development 28 Graphic Designer: José Luis Castilla Civit » Development of Mariculture in Zanzibar, © FAO, 2018 © FAO, Citation: FAO. 2018. FAO Aquaculture Newsletter. No. 59 (October). Rome. CA2325EN/1/11.18 Tanzania 41 Citation for single contribution: Name(s) of the author(s).
    [Show full text]