“Hitler Was a Silly” Learning History in Historical Multiplayer First Person Shooter Communities
“Hitler was a Silly” Learning history in historical multiplayer first person shooter communities Student name: Nils Spelt Student number: 349503 Master thesis, History of Society Thesis coaches: Prof. Dr. Kees Ribbens & Pieter van den Heede MA Coreader: Dr. Robbert-Jan Aadriaansen Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication Erasmus University Rotterdam Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Academic discourse 9 2.1 The dualistic nature of learning history 9 2.2 History education is not unique to the classroom 13 2.3 The online video game as a social learning environment 17 2.4 The Community of Inquiry Framework 24 3. Heroes & Generals’ gamers: a community of historical inquiry? 29 3.1 Learning history in the micro phase 29 3.2 Cognitive presence 32 3.2.1 Cognitive presence in the macro phase 32 3.3 Social presence 45 3.3.1 Social presence in the macro phase 46 3.4 Teaching presence 56 3.4.1 Teaching presence in the macro phase 57 4. Conclusion 73 5. Primary sources 78 6. Bibliography 79 1 1: Introduction ‘So, Hitler like decided to invade Russia... Like, that's the least strategically sound plan of action that anysupreme commander of, like, any totalitarian state might consider, amirite? It's like, lol, he, like, completely underestimated the Élan or Esprit de Corps of, like, ALL the russian vets, lol. Thinking he was like the Größter Feldherr Aller Zeiten, or something, lol. And I'm sittin' here thinking: Whoa, Adolf! Napoleon, like, made the same mistake of not having a plan B, if plan A failed, like, looong before u.
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