Small Hydro 1 2 3 4 2 2 3

1 Tambobach, Austria 2 Kissakoski, Finland 3 Bahcelik, Turkey 4 Alpach, Switzerland Harnessing the power of water

Small plants make use of rivers especially in remote areas – and improve the livelihood of many people all over the globe. Clean, efficient and reliable - Small Hydropower solutions of Voith can make a difference.

Hydropower plants with an output of up Many customers need comprehensive Additionally, Voith built or equipped Voith’s technical scope of supply to 30 megawatts can change the world: consultancy when planning a small- 25% of all Small Hydropower plants • Consulting, engineering, erection • Frequency converters, protection In certain remote and mountainous re- scale hydropower plant. Voith Hydro is worldwide with an output up to 30 MW and commissioning­ systems, switchyards for all voltages, gions hydropower plants bring electric- the right partner close at hand: our ex- per unit - an outstanding performance • System/plant assessments transformers ity to thousands of people who never perienced experts are located world- from which our customers benefit. • Service – global, fast and effective for • Power plant automation, control could imagine a life with power supply. wide and we accompany each project ­modernization and rehabilitation of centers for hydropower plants and Rural societies running small-scale in- from the first day of planning to cover- Due to our research and development existing hydroelectric power plants cascades, including plant manage- dustries can immensely benefit from ing a reliable full-fledged lifetime service activities, we gather progressive know- • Complete equipment, installation ment and diagnostic systems well-interlinked hydropower plant net- in the aftermath of the first day of oper- ledge about hydropower. And we are and services for hydroelectric • Shut-off valves, hydraulic steel struc- works. This kind of power generation ation. able to manage the knowledge transfer power plants tures has accelerated the development of lo- and create standardized solutions. • Francis, Pelton, Kaplan, Bulb/Pit/ • Water-to-wire (W2W) cal economies and decreased green- This kind of service comes across as S-, pump-turbines, standard • Voith Hydro Safety Policy: Guidelines house gases at the same time. natural as possible, because Voith Make the most of your and customized products for a safe and reliable power plant Hydro can prove business experience in ­resources through Voith. • Storage pumps, radial, semi-axial operation Voith’s Small Hydropower plants are the field of Small Hydropower since and axial-flow pumps sophisticated and reliable solutions for 1870. • Generators and motor-generators sustainable power supply. for constant and variable speed • Excitation systems

2 3 Voith Hydro - your reliable partner

Excellent competence and strong support for our customers: individual solutions with standardized components are our accomplishments. Voith offers the following services 5 5 6 7 7 and products:

• A standardized platform concept as We combine the following Everything from a single source. basis for customized solutions requirements: Economic efficiency is assured by inno- Research and development • Cost effectiveness – Safety and high availability vative, standardized concepts. The ex- • Short delivery times – Long life and adaptability cellent price-performance ratio comes • Integrated solutions with minimized – Proven solutions and concepts as a result of the latest engineering and interfaces – Standard and flexibility application of modular principles. The center of know-how: The roots of Small Hydropower • Minimized civil construction cost • High performance This offers additional advantages: • Reliability and top quality control • Clearly defined scope of delivery • Environmentally friendly solutions • High availability • Workshop assembly and reduced • Smooth operation 1 Glafkos, Greece erection time • Low operating costs 2 Kayabükü,Turkey Voith Research and Development is Voith coordinating highly productive hy- • Rapid commissioning of overall • Short payback periods 3 Simulation of turbulent sub-structures l­ocated in Heidenheim’s historic “Brun- draulic test labs. Intensive project spe- systems, training of operating and downstream of a Francis nenmühle”. It can look back at more cific developments like hydraulic model 4 maintenance staff, after sales service 4 Flow through a with than 100 years in hydropower technol- tests in Large Hydro is the basis for our semi-spiral inlet ogy development. It is the central man- Small Hydro standard design concepts. 5 Kaplan simulation agement and distribution center of 6 Francis simulation knowledge within the global network of 7 Pelton simulation

1 1 2 2

4 4 5 1 2 3 4 Our Small Hydro turbine competence Range of application

1000 1000 Pelton turbines 5 MW 10 MWFrancis20 MW 30turbines MW Kaplan High head Pelton turbines with excellent For medium heads our program meets 2 MW 5 MW 10 MW 15 MW 30 MW Francis partial load operation ability can be: 100 the full range of specific speed, all tech- 1 MW nical and economical requirements: Pelton 2 MW • Horizontal and vertical shaft 500 kW /s ] 100 Alden 2 • 1 to 6 nozzles • Horizontal and vertical shaft 1 MW 200 kW StreamDiver • Overhung 2-bearings, 3- or 10 • Overhung 2-bearings 3- or 4-beaings

100 kW /s ] 500 kW eQ-Solution 4-beaings arrangement arrangement of turbine generator unit 3 300 kW of turbine generator unit Discharge [ m 50 kW • Spiral Francis type • Inner and outer regulated nozzles • Open flume Francis type 10 • Up to 1000 m head and 30 MW 1 • Up to 250 m head and 30 MW 100 kW • Standardized solutions possible up • Standardized solutions possible up 50 kW to 700 m head and 10 MW to 250 m head and 18 MW Discharge [ m

0,1 1 1 10 100 1000 Head [m]

SH-Real Application SH-XL Application EQ-Solution Range Range 0,1 Alden Solution Stream Driver 1 10 100 1000 Head [m]

Pelton turbine Kaplan turbine Kaplan turbines Full range of Kaplan 1turbine types for lower heads and larger flows can be provided:

• 3 to 7 blade runners of any diameter • Vertical full or semi spiral arrangements, syphon types • Pit turbines, S-turbines bulb turbines tubular axial turbines • Double and single regulated turbines • Up to 50 m head and 30 MW • Standardized solutions possible up to 35 m head and 10 MW

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1 Water lubricated bearing 1 Generator assembly 2 Runner finishing 2 Bearing assembly 3 Shop quality control 3 StreamDiver installation StreamDiver™

Application areas of StreamDiver™ modules

Innovative turbine technology is setting new economical and ecological standards. 16,0

14,0 All over the world there are run-of-river The StreamDiver™ is a compact turbine Advantages of the StreamDiver schemes with low heads whose high with an output of up to 800 kW per unit, 12,0 energetic potential could so far not be which can be used for modular exten- • Particularly economical solution due 550 kW utilized. The StreamDiver™ ideally com- sions as a minimum-flow turbine or as an to minimum operating /s] 3 10,0 bines the demands on economy and alternative to existing Small Hydro • Ideally suited for low heads ecology needed by these plants. The in- plants. Apart from economical aspects, • Easy integration in existing weir sys- 450 kW novative technical concept of the the development of the StreamDiver™ tems or transverse structures 8,0 Flow rate [m StreamDiver™ ensures minimum mainte- focusses strongly on ecological consid- • Ecologically advantageous due to wa- 350 kW nance and service work. As it can be erations. The bearings of this new devel- ter-lubricated bearings and therefore 6,0 directly installed into an existing or new opment are water-lubricated. As a result, oil and grease-free operation weir system, its installation can even ren- the compact turbine can be operated • Low structural requirements and uni- 250 kW der conventional power station struc- without any oil or grease. versal applicability 4,0 tures unnecessary. Construction tech- 150 kW 50 kW nology and peripheral equipment can 2,0 thus be reduced to a minimum. 1,50 2,50 3,50 4,50 5,50 6,50 Net head [m] 1 2

8 9 9 eQ Solutions Small Hydro Automation System

Standardized turbine solutions for economical applications in the lower output range.

eQ-Solutions stand for compact Fran- This concept opens up totally new ap- Wherever possible, the turbines, gener- As the world’s leading manufacturer of Our expertise gained in more than Integrated, optimized overall system: cis, Pelton and Kaplan turbine solutions plication opportunities. The applied ators and auxiliary units are pre-assem- hydro­electric power plants, we offer 20,000 hydropower plants, and our • Integration of automation systems, in the output range of up to 1 200 kW. turbine hydraulics are identical with bled in our works. This results in tailor-made automation systems to long-standing experience in the auto- electrical and mechanical equipment Standardized solutions are supplied in those used for larger plants. For this short delivery times and low on-site as- meet the requirements of hydroelec- mation of hydroelectric power stations for a well-functioning plant. proven quality with a view to material reason, we can guarantee outstanding sembly requirements. tric power generation. The system not is a guarantee for perfect operation. • Combination of digital automation selection, production and operating performance data and high investment eQ-Solutions: developed for economi- only sets new standards in terms of technology with mechanical/hydraulic safety for man and machine – with a security. All components and produc- cal applications in the lower output functionality, quality and reliability, but control elements, protection and ex- strong focus on essential functions and tion stages are of course subject to our segment. And produced in the quality, also represents outstanding value. citation systems, low-voltage distri- equipment. Due to their technically ma- strict quality control. for which we have been renowned for bution boards and other auxiliary for ture design, the construction of these decades. a complete, fully optimized system. turbines can be deliberately kept un- • Combination of top plant engineering complicated and compact. know-how with experience in modern digital systems. • Complementation of standard control technology by addition of optimiza- tion and plant management modules that are tailored to the specific hydro- power needs. Francis eQ Solutions turbine Advanteges of eQ - solutions

• Standardized series • Concentration on essential functions • Proven high quality, production and safety standards The Voith Control Family • Shorter delivery times Mechanical equipment Electrical equipment Unit automation & • Low assembly requirements plant control • Guaranteed performance values due to the application of proven turbine governing systems digital protection systems HMI – electrohydraulic hydraulics converters, digital excitation system automation moving coil valves efficient – control valves voltage regulator excellent – emergency shut-down valves reactive power control digital turbine governor – shut-off valves – relay valves LV. switchgears joint control LV. distributions pressure oil supply system river control power supply batteries mech./hydr. control UPS units continuous monitoring equipment for butterfly and spherical valves synchronizers

instrumentation security system 3 Communication systems 10 11 Small Hydro Generator Your requirements

Maximized Annual Energy Production Voith generators offer high availability and great efficiency Our contribution to making Small Hydro attractive is to ensure that your return on energy even at part load. They are robust and require low mainte- RpM nance. To maximize your Annual Energy Production, Voith production is optimized. We are experts for generators, intergrating them perfectly into your No. of poles 50 Hz 60 Hz has designed generators for continuous reliable operation. powerhouse. 6 1000 1200 Long generator lifetime 8 750 900 Voith has extensive experience in manufacturing generators 10 600 720 and we pull from this long history to provide excellent solu- 12 500 600 tions for Small Hydro. Our design concept considers fail syn- 14 429 514 Generators in hydropower applications Our engineers developed specific Small lifetime. As a result, the world of Voith is chronizations, short circuits and overspeed. Thus, Voith pro- 16 375 450 are an integrated part of the drive train Hydro Generators for horizontal and about quality and safety: we offer gener- mises high level of safety and guarantees long lifespan. with interfaces to various power house vertical applications in order to increase ators for small hydropower plants up to 18 333 400 components – the understanding of the lifetime by having moderate costs of op- 33 MVA with a range from 690 V to 13,8 Stable generator operation at grid 20 300 360

complete power house system is hence eration. The Hydro specific design en- kV (frequency: 50 to 60 Hz) and full IEC Our product line demonstrates an excellent grid connection 22 273 327 essential in developing a Small Hydro sures grid stability, has high mechanical tests including heat and speed test. And behavior. Moreover, our generators have the capability to go 30 24 250 300 generator product line. This product line damping for stable operation and com- we promise reliable product support. through grid faults in transient conditions. All requirements of 26 231 277 offers several advantages which conven- ponents designed for long life pans. With the latest grid codes have been considered during design 25 tial industrial generators cannot provide customers in Europe, America and Asia and testing phases. 28 214 257 20 adequately. we offer proven solutions with no hidden 30 200 240 expenses throughout the generator‘s Minimized Total Lifecycle Cost 15 32 188 225 Voith’s generators are engineered utilizing an efficient modu- Output (MVA) 34 176 212 lar design concept thus reducing the upfront investment re- 10 quired by a Small Hydro developer. All designs consider the 36 167 200 most extreme operating conditions possible which ensure 5

minimum Total Lifecycle Costs for the equipment. 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 1 22.95 MVA generator Poles 2 9,6 MVA generator Generator standard application range*

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30 25

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20 15 15 Output (MVA) Output (MVA) 10 10

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0 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Poles Poles

1 * Others are available on demand

12 12 40 13 1 2 35

30

25

20

Output (MVA) 15

10

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0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 Poles Alden Turbine Minimum Gap Runner Oil-free hubs One of the latest improvements to fish To minimize the effects of gap flows on Adjustable blade runner hubs are typi- passage technology comes through de- fish survival, Voith Hydro developed the cally filled with oil. This oil lubricates Environmental Solutions velopment of an innovative runner con- Minimum Gap Runner (MGR) technolo- runner blade trunnion bearings and slid- cept by Alden Research Laboratory. gy as part of the Department of Ener- ing parts of the operating mechanism in The Alden Turbine features a slower gy’s Advanced Hydropower Turbine the hub. In order to eliminate this risk, rotational speed and only three blades System (AHTS) program. Voith Hydro has been developing and to reduce fish mortality due to blade installing oil-free solutions since 1985. strike. Voith Hydro has optimized the The MGR blades are contoured to a Voith sets standards in protecting the nature: Small Hydro solutions incorporate techno- final design and tested it at their hydrau- fully spherical hub and periphery so that Oil has been replaced by selflubricating logical accomplishment our company has invented to keep the environment clean. lic laboratory in York, Pennsylvania the design gap remains constant across materials and assures not only the pre- (USA). the pitch range. In addition to the stated vention of accidental releases of grease Oil-free turbines or fish-friendly runner concepts help to adapt Small Hydropower plants to goal of improving fish survival, the mini- substances into the environment but local habitats. The blade shapes are specifically de- mal gap also has positive impacts on also allows for easy maintenance, lower signed to minimize shear, pressure turbine efficiencies. friction and good bearing performance change rates and minimum pressures without the necessity of increasing ser- within the water passage. Full-scale fish Over the past decade, MGR technology vo size. survival range are expected to range has been implemented at several large It is simple and sophisticated at the For instance, our aerating runner con- Moreover, we assist managing fish-pas- from 98 to 100%. axial flow units in the field, including same time: Voith developed solutions for cept enriches the water with oxygen, sages and channels. With regard to Grant County (Washington) Public Utility Small Hydropower plants that work envi- and the fish-friendly runners facilitate fish keeping water clean, our water lubricat- Other benefits are optimized, wicket District’s Wanapum , the US Army ronmentally friendly and highly efficient. wandering downstream. ed components substitute oil coated en- gates and stay vanes as well as re- Corps of Engineers’ Bonneville Dam, As a full line supplier, we contribute to gine parts, such as our oil-free turbine. desinged hydraulic profile of the turbine and American Municipal Power’s Ohio the preservation of the environment by components and the rotational speed. River projects. Fish survival rates offering ecological standard solutions. The turbine also features better water through MGR units have been docu- passage geometries to meet specified mented to be in excess of 95%. fish passage criteria.

1 Minimum Gap Runner 2 Oil-Free Hubs Alden Turbine

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1 Baños-V, Peru

2 Aishihik, Canada

3 Queixada, Brazil Small Hydro References 4 Bardonetto, Italy A brief selection out of our long-term experience

1890 Königsbronn, Germany 2006 Subhash, India 2010 Niksar, Turkey 2010 Tambobach, Austria 1 x 0.025 MW Francis turbine 5 x 1,8 MW horizontal Francis turbine 2 x 20 MW Francis Turbine 1 x 1.9 MW vertical Pelton turbine (incl. Generator, AUT BopE/BoPM) (incl. Generator, AUT, BoP/E) (incl. Generator and AUT) 1903 Niagara Falls, USA Head: approx. 60 m 4 x 5.2 MW horizontal Francis turbine 2008 Malagone, Brazil 2011 Badger, USA 2 x 9.9 MW horizontal Francis Spiral turbine 2010 Baños-V, Peru Supply new turbine and generator with a total 1994 Dobra I, Spain (incl. AUT, BoPE) 2 x 4.6 MW Horizontal Pelton turbine. output of 7.26 MW Modernization: Supply of 7,05 MW horizontal Head: 48 m, Runner Diameter: 1.52 m Head: 350 m Pelton turbine 2011 Ruechlig, Switzerland 2008 Esslingen, Germany 2010 Queixada, Brazil 4 x 2,5 MW Kaplan Pit turbine 1994 Zamuñon, Spain 2 x 0.66 MW Kaplan turbine 4 x 7.77 MW horizontal Francis Spiral turbine (incl. Generator, AUT, BoP/M) Supply of new horizontal Pelton turbine with a total (incl. Generator) (incl. Generator, AUT, BoPM, BoPE) output of 1,67 MW Head: 37.8 m, Runner Diameter: 1.63 m 2012 Hadley Falls, USA 2008 Kayabükü, Turkey Modernization: Supply of new Kaplan runner and 2003 Striven, Scotland 3 x 5.0 MW horizontal Francis turbine 2010 Indaiá Grande, Brazil generator stator rewind (+2.5 MW) 2 x 4.0 MW horizontal Francis turbine 3 x 6.9 MW Kaplan S-turbine (incl. Generators) 2009 Aishihik, Canada (incl. Generator, AUT, BoPE, BoPM) 2013 Eidisverkid, Faroe Island Head: 126 m, Runner diameter: 0.96 m 1 x 7 MW horizontal Francis turbine with generator Head: 26.7 m, Runner Diameter: 2.09 m 1 x 7,5 MW new turbine as extension in comm. 2013; 2 x MOD (upgrade) from 6,7 MW to 2006 Baba, Ecuador 2009 Bardonetto, Italy 2010 Cubujuqui, Costa Rica 7,5 MW comm. 2013 2 x 21.5 MW vertical Kaplan turbine Modernization: Supply of 2 horizontal Francis runner 2 x 11.44 MW horizontal Francis Spiral turbine (incl. Generator, AUT & BoPE, BoPM) with a total output of 9.1 MW (+ Butterfly Valve - Inlet Valve) 2013 El Guineo, Mexico Head: 26.95 m, Runner Diameter: 3.6 m (incl. Generator, AUT, BoPE, BoPM) 2 x 8.4 MW horizontal Francis Spiral turbine; Head: 112 m, Runner Diameter: 1.25 m complete E&M scope Head: 40 m, Runner Diameter: 1.53 m

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Voith Hydro Holding GmbH & Co. KG Alexanderstraße 11 89522 Heidenheim, Germany Tel. +49 7321 37 0 Fax +49 7321 37 7828 www.voith.com

A Voith and Siemens Company