16 CFR Ch. I (1–1–20 Edition)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

16 CFR Ch. I (1–1–20 Edition) Federal Trade Commission Pt. 301 (3) Continuing guaranties filed with cerning express or implied representa- the Commission shall continue in ef- tions of fiber content of articles or con- fect until revoked. The guarantor shall cerning insignificant or inconsequen- promptly report any change in business tial textile content of products. status to the Commission. (b) The prescribed form for a con- (Sec. 4(d), 54 Stat. 1129; 15 U.S.C. 68b(d)) tinuing guaranty is found in § 303.38(b) of this chapter. The form is available PART 301—RULES AND REGULA- upon request from the Textile Section, TIONS UNDER FUR PRODUCTS LA- Enforcement Division, Federal Trade BELING ACT Commission, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20580. NAME GUIDE (c) Any person who has a continuing Sec. guaranty on file with the Commission 301.0 Fur products name guide. may, during the effective dates of the guaranty, give notice of such fact by REGULATIONS setting forth on the invoice or other 301.1 Terms defined. document covering the marketing or 301.2 General requirements. handling of the product guaranteed the 301.3 English language requirements. following: 301.4 Abbreviations or ditto marks prohib- ited. Continuing Guaranty under the Wool Prod- 301.5 Use of Fur Products Name Guide. ucts Labeling Act filed with the Federal 301.6 Animals not listed in Fur Products Trade Commission. Name Guide. (d) Any person who falsely represents 301.7 Describing furs by certain breed names that he has a continuing guaranty on prohibited. file with the Federal Trade Commis- 301.8 Use of terms ‘‘Persian Lamb,’’ sion shall be deemed to have furnished ‘‘Broadtail Lamb,’’ and ‘‘Persian- broadtail Lamb’’ permitted. a false guaranty under section 9(b) of 301.9 Use of terms ‘‘Mouton Lamb’’ and the Act. ‘‘Shearling Lamb’’ permitted. [29 FR 6627, May 21, 1964, as amended at 48 301.10 Use of term ‘‘Broadtail-processed FR 12517, Mar. 25, 1983; 63 FR 7517, Feb. 13, Lamb’’ permitted. 1998; 63 FR 71583, Dec. 28, 1998; 79 FR 32164, 301.11 Fictitious or non-existing animal des- June 4, 2014] ignations prohibited. 301.12 Country of origin of imported furs. § 300.34 Reference to existing guar- 301.13 Fur products having furs with dif- anty on labels not permitted. ferent countries of origin. 301.14 Country of origin of used furs. No representation or suggestion that 301.15 Designation of section producing do- a wool product is guaranteed under the mestic furs permitted. act by the Government, or any branch 301.16 Disclosure of origin of certain furs thereof shall be made on or in the raised or taken in United States. stamp, tag, label, or other mark of 301.17 Misrepresentation of origin of furs. identification, applied or affixed to 301.18 Passing off domestic furs as imported wool products. furs prohibited. 301.19 Pointing, dyeing, bleaching or other- GENERAL wise artificially coloring. 301.20 Fur products composed of pieces. § 300.35 Hearings under section 4(d) of 301.21 Disclosure of used furs. the act. 301.22 Disclosure of damaged furs. 301.23 Second-hand fur products. Hearings under section 4(d) of the act 301.24 Repairing, restyling and remodeling will be held when deemed by the Com- fur products for consumer. mission to be in the public interest. In- 301.25 Name required to appear on labels terested persons may file applications and invoices. for such hearings. Such applications 301.26 Registered identification numbers. shall be filed in quadruplicate and shall 301.27 Label and method of affixing. contain a detailed technical descrip- 301.28 [Reserved] 301.29 Requirements in respect to disclosure tion of the class or classes of articles on label. or products regarding which applicant 301.30 [Reserved] requests a determination and an- 301.31 Labeling of fur products consisting of nouncement by the Commission con- two or more units. 231 VerDate Sep<11>2014 15:07 Mar 30, 2020 Jkt 250054 PO 00000 Frm 00241 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Q:\16\16V1.TXT PC31 kpayne on VMOFRWIN702 with $$_JOB § 301.0 16 CFR Ch. I (1–1–20 Edition) 301.32 Fur product containing material 301.43 Use of deceptive trade or corporate other than fur. names, trademarks or graphic represen- 301.33 Labeling of samples. tations prohibited. 301.34 Misbranded or falsely invoiced fur 301.44 Misrepresentation of prices. products. 301.45 Representations as to construction of 301.35 Substitution of labels. fur products. 301.46 Reference to guaranty by Govern- 301.36 Sectional fur products. ment prohibited. 301.37 Manner of invoicing furs and fur 301.47 Form of separate guaranty. products. 301.48 Continuing guaranties. 301.38 Advertising of furs and fur products. 301.48a Guaranties not received in good 301.39 Exempted fur products. faith. 301.40 [Reserved] 301.49 Deception in general. 301.41 Maintenance of records. AUTHORITY: 15 U.S.C. 69 et seq. 301.42 Deception as to nature of business. NAME GUIDE § 301.0 Fur products name guide. Name Order Family Genus-species Alpaca ............................ Artiodactyla ................... Camelidae .................... Lama pacos. Antelope ........................ Artiodactyla ................... Bovidae ......................... Hippotragus niger and Antilope cervicapra. Badger ........................... Carnivora ...................... Mustelidae .................... Taxida sp. and Meles sp. Bassarisk ....................... ......do ............................ Procyonidae .................. Bassariscus astutus. Bear ............................... ......do ............................ Ursidae ......................... Ursus sp. Bear, Polar .................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Ursus maritimus. Beaver ........................... Rodentia ....................... Castoridae .................... Castor canadensis. Burunduk ....................... ......do ............................ Sciuridae ....................... Eutamias asiaticus. Calf ................................ Artiodactyla ................... Bovidae ......................... Bos taurus. Cat, Caracal .................. Carnivora ...................... Felidae .......................... Caracal caracal. Cat, Domestic ................ ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Felis catus. Cat, Leopard .................. ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Prionailurus bengalensis. Cat, Lynx ....................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Lynx rufus. Cat, Manul ..................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Felis manul. Cat, Margay ................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Leopardus wiedii. Cat, Spotted .................. ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Felis sp. (South America). Cat, Wild ........................ ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Felis catus and Felis lybica. Cheetah ......................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Acinonyx jubatus. Chinchilla ....................... Rodentia ....................... Chinchillidae ................. Chinchilla chinchilla. Chipmunk ...................... ......do ............................ Sciuridae ....................... Tamias sp. Civet .............................. Carnivora ...................... Viverridae ..................... Viverra sp., Viverricula sp., Paradoxurus sp., and Paguma sp. Desman ......................... Soricomorpha ............... Talpidae ........................ Desmana moschata and Galemys pyrenaicus. Dog ................................ Carnivora ...................... Canidae ........................ Canis familiaris. Ermine ........................... ......do ............................ Mustelidae .................... Mustela erminea. Fisher ............................. ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Martes pennanti. Fitch ............................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Mustela putorius. Fox ................................. ......do ............................ Canidae ........................ Vulpes vulpes, Vulpes macrotis. Fox, Blue ....................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Vulpes lagopus. Fox, Grey ....................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Urocyon cinereoargenteus and Urocyon littoralis. Fox, Kit .......................... ......do ............................ ......do ............................ Vulpes velox. Fox, White ..................... Carnivora ...................... Canidae ........................ Vulpes lagopus. Genet ............................. ......do ............................ Viverridae ..................... Genetta genetta. Goat ............................... Artiodactyla ................... Bovidae ......................... Capra hircus. Guanaco, or its young, ......do ............................ Camelidae .................... Lama guanicoe. the Guanaquito. Hamster ......................... Rodentia ....................... Cricetidae ..................... Cricetus cricetus. Hare ............................... ......do ............................ Leporidae ...................... Lepus sp. and Lepus europaeus occidentalis. Jackal ............................ Carnivora .....................
Recommended publications
  • Camelids: New Players in the International Animal Production Context
    Tropical Animal Health and Production (2020) 52:903–913 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-02197-2 REVIEWS Camelids: new players in the international animal production context Mousa Zarrin1 & José L. Riveros2 & Amir Ahmadpour1,3 & André M. de Almeida4 & Gaukhar Konuspayeva5 & Einar Vargas- Bello-Pérez6 & Bernard Faye7 & Lorenzo E. Hernández-Castellano8 Received: 30 October 2019 /Accepted: 22 December 2019 /Published online: 2 January 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020 Abstract The Camelidae family comprises the Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus), the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius), and four species of South American camelids: llama (Lama glama),alpaca(Lama pacos)guanaco(Lama guanicoe), and vicuña (Vicugna vicugna). The main characteristic of these species is their ability to cope with either hard climatic conditions like those found in arid regions (Bactrian and dromedary camels) or high-altitude landscapes like those found in South America (South American camelids). Because of such interesting physiological and adaptive traits, the interest for these animals as livestock species has increased considerably over the last years. In general, the main animal products obtained from these animals are meat, milk, and hair fiber, although they are also used for races and work among other activities. In the near future, climate change will likely decrease agricultural areas for animal production worldwide, particularly in the tropics and subtropics where competition with crops for human consumption is a major problem already. In such conditions, extensive animal production could be limited in some extent to semi-arid rangelands, subjected to periodical draughts and erratic patterns of rainfall, severely affecting conventional livestock production, namely cattle and sheep.
    [Show full text]
  • Classification of Mammals 61
    © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FORCHAPTER SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Classification © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC 4 NOT FORof SALE MammalsOR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION. 2ND PAGES 9781284032093_CH04_0060.indd 60 8/28/13 12:08 PM CHAPTER 4: Classification of Mammals 61 © Jones Despite& Bartlett their Learning,remarkable success, LLC mammals are much less© Jones stress & onBartlett the taxonomic Learning, aspect LLCof mammalogy, but rather as diverse than are most invertebrate groups. This is probably an attempt to provide students with sufficient information NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FORattributable SALE OR to theirDISTRIBUTION far greater individual size, to the high on the various kinds of mammals to make the subsequent energy requirements of endothermy, and thus to the inabil- discussions of mammalian biology meaningful.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Mountain Vizcacha (Lagidium Cf. Peruanum) in Ecuador
    Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Werner, Florian A.; Ledesma, Karim J.; Hidalgo B., Rodrigo Mountain vizcacha (Lagidium cf. peruanum) in Ecuador - First record of chinchillidae from the northern Andes Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 13, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2006, pp. 271-274 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45713213 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical, 13(2):271-274, Mendoza, 2006 ISSN 0327-9383 ©SAREM, 2006 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 www.cricyt.edu.ar/mn.htm MOUNTAIN VIZCACHA (LAGIDIUM CF. PERUANUM) IN ECUADOR – FIRST RECORD OF CHINCHILLIDAE FROM THE NORTHERN ANDES Florian A. Werner¹, Karim J. Ledesma2, and Rodrigo Hidalgo B.3 1 Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; <[email protected]>. 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, U.S.A; <[email protected]>. 3 Colegio Nacional Eloy Alfaro, Gonzales Suarez y Sucre, Cariamanga, Ecuador; <[email protected]>. Key words. Biogeography. Caviomorpha. Distribution. Hystricomorpha. Viscacha. Chinchillidae is a family of hystricomorph Cerro Ahuaca is a granite inselberg 2 km rodents distributed in the Andes of Peru, from the town of Cariamanga (1950 m), Loja Bolivia, Chile and Argentina, and in lowland province (4°18’29.4’’ S, 79°32’47.2’’ W).
    [Show full text]
  • Chinchilla-Complete1
    Chinchilla lanigera Chinchilla Class: Mammalia. Order: Rodentia. Family: Chinchillidae. Other names: Physical Description: A small mammal with extremely dense, velvet-like, blue-gray fur with black tinted markings. It has large, rounded ears, big eyes, a bushy tail, and long whiskers. The front paws have only four well-developed digits; the fifth toe is vestigial. The hind legs are longer than the forelimbs with three large toes and one tiny one. It is quite agile and capable of leaping both horizontally and vertically, reaching heights up to 6ft vertically. Weight is reported to range from18-35 oz. The head and body is 9-15”, averaging 12”; the tail averages 3-6”. Females (does) are larger and heavier than males (bucks). Crying, barking, chattering, chirping, and a crackling vocalization if angry are all normal sounds for a chinchilla. Domestic chinchillas have been selectively bred to rear other colors beside the wild blue-gray including beige, silver, cream and white. Diet in the Wild: Bark, grasses, herbs, seeds, flowers, leaves. Diet at the Zoo: Timothy hay, chinchilla diet, apples, grapes, raisins, banana chips, almonds, peanuts, sunflower seeds, romaine. Habitat & Range: High Andes of Bolivia, Chile, and Peru, but today colonies in the wild remain only in Chile, live within rocky crevices and caverns. Life Span: Up to 15-20 years in captivity; avg. 8-10 in the wild. Perils in the wild: Birds of prey, skunks, felines, snakes, canines, and humans. Physical Adaptations: If threatened, chinchillas depend upon their running, jumping, and climbing skills. If provoked, they are capable of inflicting a sharp bite.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nature of Teller Coyotes Physical Description Coyotes (Canis Latrans
    The Nature of Teller Coyotes Physical Description Coyotes (Canis latrans) are members of the canine family. Of the 19 subspecies, the mountain coyote is the one you’ll encounter in Teller County. They have gray, white, tan, and brown fur. The coyote in the photograph was taken from Edlowe Road. They are about the size of a medium-size dog, weighing 20 to 50 pounds. Their long, bushy tails are helpful species identifiers. Coyotes run with their tails down while domestic dogs run with tails up and wolves run with tails straight out. Life History In many areas, coyotes are solitary outside of the breeding season; but their social organization is influenced by prey size. In populations where the majority of prey are small rodents, coyotes tend to be solitary. In populations where larger animals are available (elk and deer), large groups of coyotes (packs) may form. Like other canines, coyotes do not hibernate. A male and female will pair off and remain together for several years, although they may not be life mates. Mating occurs between January and March. They establish dens abandoned by other animals, or dig one themselves. Litters of 5-7are born sightless and hairless two months after mating. Their eyes open after 10 days, and they leave the den between 8-10 weeks of age. Movement of pups from one den to another is common. The reason is unknown, but disturbance and infestation by parasites may be factors. Coyotes in captivity may live as long as 18 years, but in wild populations few coyotes live more than 6 to 8 years.
    [Show full text]
  • A Species-Level Phylogenetic Supertree of Marsupials
    J. Zool., Lond. (2004) 264, 11–31 C 2004 The Zoological Society of London Printed in the United Kingdom DOI:10.1017/S0952836904005539 A species-level phylogenetic supertree of marsupials Marcel Cardillo1,2*, Olaf R. P. Bininda-Emonds3, Elizabeth Boakes1,2 and Andy Purvis1 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, U.K. 2 Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RY, U.K. 3 Lehrstuhl fur¨ Tierzucht, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany (Accepted 26 January 2004) Abstract Comparative studies require information on phylogenetic relationships, but complete species-level phylogenetic trees of large clades are difficult to produce. One solution is to combine algorithmically many small trees into a single, larger supertree. Here we present a virtually complete, species-level phylogeny of the marsupials (Mammalia: Metatheria), built by combining 158 phylogenetic estimates published since 1980, using matrix representation with parsimony. The supertree is well resolved overall (73.7%), although resolution varies across the tree, indicating variation both in the amount of phylogenetic information available for different taxa, and the degree of conflict among phylogenetic estimates. In particular, the supertree shows poor resolution within the American marsupial taxa, reflecting a relative lack of systematic effort compared to the Australasian taxa. There are also important differences in supertrees based on source phylogenies published before 1995 and those published more recently. The supertree can be viewed as a meta-analysis of marsupial phylogenetic studies, and should be useful as a framework for phylogenetically explicit comparative studies of marsupial evolution and ecology.
    [Show full text]
  • First Record of Hose's Civet Diplogale Hosei from Indonesia
    First record of Hose’s Civet Diplogale hosei from Indonesia, and records of other carnivores in the Schwaner Mountains, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Hiromitsu SAMEJIMA1 and Gono SEMIADI2 Abstract One of the least-recorded carnivores in Borneo, Hose’s Civet Diplogale hosei , was filmed twice in a logging concession, the Katingan–Seruyan Block of Sari Bumi Kusuma Corporation, in the Schwaner Mountains, upper Seruyan River catchment, Central Kalimantan. This, the first record of this species in Indonesia, is about 500 km southwest of its previously known distribution (northern Borneo: Sarawak, Sabah and Brunei). Filmed at 325The m a.s.l., IUCN these Red List records of Threatened are below Species the previously known altitudinal range (450–1,800Prionailurus m). This preliminary planiceps survey forPardofelis medium badia and large and Otter mammals, Civet Cynogalerunning 100bennettii camera-traps in 10 plots for one (Bandedyear, identified Civet Hemigalus in this concession derbyanus 17 carnivores, Arctictis including, binturong on Neofelis diardi, three Endangered Pardofe species- lis(Flat-headed marmorata Cat and Sun Bear Helarctos malayanus, Bay Cat . ) and six Vulnerable species , Binturong , Sunda Clouded Leopard , Marbled Cat Keywords Cynogale bennettii, as well, Pardofelis as Hose’s badia Civet), Prionailurus planiceps Catatan: PertamaBorneo, camera-trapping, mengenai Musang Gunung Diplogale hosei di Indonesia, serta, sustainable karnivora forest management lainnya di daerah Pegunungan Schwaner, Kalimantan Tengah Abstrak Diplogale hosei Salah satu jenis karnivora yang jarang dijumpai di Borneo, Musang Gunung, , telah terekam dua kali di daerah- konsesi hutan Blok Katingan–Seruyan- PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma, Pegunungan Schwaner, di sekitar hulu Sungai Seruya, Kalimantan Tengah. Ini merupakan catatan pertama spesies tersebut terdapat di Indonesia, sekitar 500 km dari batas sebaran yang diketa hui saat ini (Sarawak, Sabah, Brunei).
    [Show full text]
  • Neofelis Diardi, Sunda Clouded Leopard
    The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T136603A50664601 Neofelis diardi, Sunda Clouded Leopard Assessment by: Hearn, A., Ross, J., Brodie, J., Cheyne, S., Haidir, I.A., Loken, B., Mathai, J., Wilting, A. & McCarthy, J. View on www.iucnredlist.org Citation: Hearn, A., Ross, J., Brodie, J., Cheyne, S., Haidir, I.A., Loken, B., Mathai, J., Wilting, A. & McCarthy, J. 2015. Neofelis diardi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T136603A50664601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T136603A50664601.en Copyright: © 2015 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London. If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ Taxonomy Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Felidae Taxon Name: Neofelis diardi (G.
    [Show full text]
  • Glimpse of an African… Wolf? Cécile Bloch
    $6.95 Glimpse of an African… Wolf ? PAGE 4 Saving the Red Wolf Through Partnerships PAGE 9 Are Gray Wolves Still Endangered? PAGE 14 Make Your Home Howl Members Save 10% Order today at shop.wolf.org or call 1-800-ELY-WOLF Your purchases help support the mission of the International Wolf Center. VOLUME 25, NO. 1 THE QUARTERLY PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL WOLF CENTER SPRING 2015 4 Cécile Bloch 9 Jeremy Hooper 14 Don Gossett In the Long Shadow of The Red Wolf Species Survival Are Gray Wolves Still the Pyramids and Beyond: Plan: Saving the Red Wolf Endangered? Glimpse of an African…Wolf? Through Partnerships In December a federal judge ruled Geneticists have found that some In 1967 the number of red wolves that protections be reinstated for of Africa’s golden jackals are was rapidly declining, forcing those gray wolves in the Great Lakes members of the gray wolf lineage. remaining to breed with the more wolf population area, reversing Biologists are now asking: how abundant coyote or not to breed at all. the USFWS’s 2011 delisting many golden jackals across Africa The rate of hybridization between the decision that allowed states to are a subspecies known as the two species left little time to prevent manage wolves and implement African wolf? Are Africa’s golden red wolf genes from being completely harvest programs for recreational jackals, in fact, wolves? absorbed into the expanding coyote purposes. If biological security is population. The Red Wolf Recovery by Cheryl Lyn Dybas apparently not enough rationale for Program, working with many other conservation of the species, then the organizations, has created awareness challenge arises to properly express and laid a foundation for the future to the ecological value of the species.
    [Show full text]
  • Cranial Morphological Distinctiveness Between Ursus Arctos and U
    East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2017 Cranial Morphological Distinctiveness Between Ursus arctos and U. americanus Benjamin James Hillesheim East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Evolution Commons, and the Paleontology Commons Recommended Citation Hillesheim, Benjamin James, "Cranial Morphological Distinctiveness Between Ursus arctos and U. americanus" (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 3261. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3261 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cranial Morphological Distinctiveness Between Ursus arctos and U. americanus ____________________________________ A thesis presented to the Department of Geosciences East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Geosciences ____________________________________ by Benjamin Hillesheim May 2017 ____________________________________ Dr. Blaine W. Schubert, Chair Dr. Steven C. Wallace Dr. Josh X. Samuels Keywords: Ursidae, Geometric morphometrics, Ursus americanus, Ursus arctos, Last Glacial Maximum ABSTRACT Cranial Morphological Distinctiveness Between Ursus arctos and U. americanus by Benjamin J. Hillesheim Despite being separated by millions of years of evolution, black bears (Ursus americanus) and brown bears (Ursus arctos) can be difficult to distinguish based on skeletal and dental material alone. Complicating matters, some Late Pleistocene U. americanus are significantly larger in size than their modern relatives, obscuring the identification of the two bears.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Science Western Australia 5, 12–18
    Conservation Science W. Aust. 9 (3) : 239–248 (2015) The diet of foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in fragmented Wheatbelt reserves in Western Australia: implications for woylies (Bettongia penicillata) and other native fauna NICOLA J MARLOW ab *, ANDREW AE WILLIAMS ab, NEIL D THOMAS ab, BRIAN MACMAHON b AND JOHN LAWSON b a Department of Parks and Wildlife, PO Box 51 Wanneroo, WA 6946, Australia b Invasive Animals Co-operative Research Centre 48 Oxford Street, Adelaide, SA 5061, Australia * Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT The diet of foxes in two fragmented Wheatbelt reserves in south-west Western Australia, Dryandra Woodland (DW) and Tutanning Nature Reserve (TNR), was investigated. Fox baiting commenced in these reserves in the early 1980s and the trap success of woylies (Bettongia penicillata), a threatened species, increased significantly. Woylie capture rates were sustained in TNR until 1992 and in DW until 2000 but then decreased suddenly despite ongoing fox control. The diet of foxes was investigated as part of a larger study examining the reasons for the woylie decline. The contents of 283 fox scats from DW and TNR, and 167 scats from two unbaited sites, Quinns block (QB) and Highbury block (HB), were analysed volumetrically to determine the relative importance of each dietary item. The actual consumption of each item was calculated using digestibility estimates. In baited sites the foxes’ main dietary components were house mice (Mus domesticus, 28%), carrion (sheep, Ovis aries and western grey kangaroo, Macropus fuliginosus; 26%) and rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, 17%). In unbaited sites the main components were carrion (predominately sheep, 60%) and some invertebrates (13%).
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology of the European Badger (Meles Meles) in the Western Carpathian Mountains: a Review
    Wildl. Biol. Pract., 2016 Aug 12(3): 36-50 doi:10.2461/wbp.2016.eb.4 REVIEW Ecology of the European Badger (Meles meles) in the Western Carpathian Mountains: A Review R.W. Mysłajek1,*, S. Nowak2, A. Rożen3, K. Kurek2, M. Figura2 & B. Jędrzejewska4 1 Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warszawa, Poland. 2 Association for Nature “Wolf”, Twardorzeczka 229, 34-324 Lipowa, Poland. 3 Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland. 4 Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Waszkiewicza 1c, 17-230 Białowieża, Poland. * Corresponding author email: [email protected]. Keywords Abstract Altitudinal Gradient; This article summarizes the results of studies on the ecology of the European Diet Composition; badger (Meles meles) conducted in the Western Carpathians (S Poland) Meles meles; from 2002 to 2010. Badgers inhabiting the Carpathians use excavated setts Mustelidae; (53%), caves and rock crevices (43%), and burrows under human-made Sett Utilization; constructions (4%) as permanent shelters. Excavated setts are located up Spatial Organization. to 640 m a.s.l., but shelters in caves and crevices can be found as high as 1,050 m a.s.l. Badger setts are mostly located on slopes with southern, eastern or western exposure. Within their territories, ranging from 3.35 to 8.45 km2 (MCP100%), badgers may possess 1-12 setts. Family groups are small (mean = 2.3 badgers), population density is low (2.2 badgers/10 km2), as is reproduction (0.57 young/year/10 km2). Hunting by humans is the main mortality factor (0.37 badger/year/10 km2).
    [Show full text]