DOCSLIB.ORG

Response to Epa's Draft Biological Evaluation For

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Response to Epa's Draft Biological Evaluation For RESPONSE TO EPA’S DRAFT BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION FOR MALATHION FINAL REPORT Prepared by: Roger L. Breton1, Melissa Whitfield Aslund2, Sara I. Rodney1, Gillian E. Manning1, Yvonne H. Clemow1, Katie L. Wooding1, Colleen D. Greer3, R. Scott Teed1, Adric D. Olson3, Michael F. Winchell 4, Naresh Pai4, Lauren Padilla4, Tammy Estes4 and Katherine Budreski4 1Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, Inc. 1125 Colonel By Dr., CTTC – Suite 3600 Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5R1 2Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, Inc. 6605 Hurontario Street, Suite 500 Mississauga, ON, L5T 0A3 3Intrinsik Environmental Sciences (US), Inc. 41 Campus Dr., Suite 202, New Gloucester, ME, USA 04260 4Stone Environmental, Inc. 535 Stone Cutters Way, Montpelier, VT USA 05602 Prepared For: Cheminova A/S (EPA Company No.: 4787) 1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 700 Arlington, VA 22209 Date: June 10, 2016 1125 Colonel By Dr., Carleton University Campus, CTTC – 3600 Ottawa, ON K1S 5R1 Tel: 613-761-1464 ▪ Fax: 613-761-7653 ▪ www.intrinsikscience.com Page 1 of 472 FINAL REPORT STATEMENT OF NO DATA CONFIDENTIALITY CLAIMS No claim of confidentiality, on any basis whatsoever, is made for any information contained in this document. I acknowledge that information not designated as within the scope of FIFRA sec. 10(d)(1)(A), (B) or (C) and which pertains to a registered or previously registered pesticide is not entitled to confidential treatment and may be released to the public, subject to the provisions regarding disclosure to multinational entities under FIFRA sec. 10(g). This statement supersedes any other claim of confidentiality that may appear in this report. Submitter: [signature]: Paul Whatling Senior Registration Manager FMC Corporation EPA Agent for Cheminova A/S June 10, 2016 This document is the property of Cheminova A/S and FMC Corporation, and as such is considered to be confidential for all purposes other than compliance with FIFRA sec. 10. Submission of these data in compliance with FIFRA does not constitute a waiver of any right to confidentiality, which may exist under any other statute or in any other country. Response to EPA’s Draft Biological Evaluation for Malathion June 10, 2016 Intrinsik Environmental Sciences Inc. – Project # 60335 Page 2 of 472 FINAL REPORT Statement of Good Laboratory Practice Compliance This document is a response to EPA’s draft Biological Evaluation (BE) for malathion. It is not required to comply with 40CFR Part 160. Author and Title Signature Date Roger L. Breton, June 10, 2016 Senior Scientist and Project Manager Dr. Melissa L. Whitfield Aslund Scientist June 10, 2016 Sara I. Rodney, June 10, 2016 Scientist Gillian E. Manning, June 10, 2016 Environmental Risk Analyst II Yvonne H. Clemow, June 10, 2016 Environmental Risk Analyst II Katie L. Wooding, June 10, 2016 Environmental Risk Analyst II Colleen D. Greer, June 10, 2016 Environmental Risk Analyst II R. Scott Teed, June 10, 2016 Senior Scientist Adric D. Olson, June 10, 2016 Environmental Risk Analyst II Michael F. Winchell Senior Environmental Modeler / GIS June 10, 2016 Specialist Naresh Pai Senior Environmental Modeler June 10, 2016 Lauren Padilla Senior Environmental Modeler June 10, 2016 Tammy L. Estes June 10, 2016 Senior Research Scientist Katherine Budreski June 10, 2016 Senior GIS Specialist Sponsor/Submitter and Title Signature Date Paul Whatling Senior Registration Manager June 10, 2016 FMC Corporation EPA Agent for Cheminova A/S Additional Contributors Include: Nino Devdariani from Intrinsik Environmental Sciences Inc. and Dr. Rick Reiss from Exponent. Response to EPA’s Draft Biological Evaluation for Malathion June 10, 2016 Intrinsik Environmental Sciences Inc. – Project # 60335 Page 3 of 472 FINAL REPORT DISCLAIMER Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, Inc. (Intrinsik) developed this report for Cheminova Inc. (hereafter referred to as Cheminova), solely for the purpose stated in the report. Intrinsik does not accept any responsibility or liability related to the improper use of this report or incorrect data or information provided by others. Intrinsik has reserved all rights in this report, unless specifically agreed to otherwise in writing with Cheminova. Response to EPA’s Draft Biological Evaluation for Malathion June 10, 2016 Intrinsik Environmental Sciences Inc. – Project # 60335 Page 4 of 472 FINAL REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or “the Agency”), in conjunction with the Fish and Wildlife Services (FWS), National Marine and Fisheries Service (NMFS) and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prepared draft Biological Evaluations (BEs) for three pilot chemicals: chlorpyrifos, diazinon and malathion. These draft BEs are the first ever national assessments of the potential effects of pesticides to listed species (threatened and endangered) attempted by the federal government. Cheminova A/S (hereafter referred to as “Cheminova”) is the sole manufacturer and primary registrant in the United States for the technical form of malathion (CAS Registry Number 121- 75-5). All other registrants of technical malathion obtain their material from Cheminova and all end-use products registered in the United States are produced from Cheminova’s technical malathion. In 2015, Cheminova A/S and Cheminova, Inc., were acquired by FMC Corporation (FMC). Cheminova Inc.’s end-use product registrations are in the process of being transferred to FMC. The registrations currently held by Cheminova A/S will be transferred to FMC in the near future. When these transfers are accomplished, FMC will supplant Cheminova as the “applicant”. Although we often only refer to Cheminova in this document, the comments contained herein were developed on behalf of Cheminova and FMC and reflect the positions of both companies. On April 11th, 2016, EPA released the draft BEs for public comment in support of registration review for these pesticides. This date marked the start of a 60-day public comment period. The comment period for submission of comments on the draft BEs ends on June 10th, 2016. On April 29th, 2016, a 120-day extension to the comment period was requested by Dow AgroSciences LLC, Makhteshim Agan of North America, Inc. (Adama) and Cheminova to commence after EPA corrected various missing and broken links and provided other missing information that should have been provided with release of the draft BEs. Extension requests were also submitted to EPA by Edward M. Ruckert, representing the American Mosquito Control Association (May 10th, 2016), CropLife America (May 6th, 2016) and James Callan, representing 39 grower groups (May 9th, 2016). EPA responded on May 17th, 2016 by denying the extension. Given their size and complexity, this denial compromised our ability to thoroughly evaluate the draft BEs. In the justification, EPA cited a court-mandated deadline that they and the Services are working under, as well as the early release of parts of the draft BEs in December, 2015 (allowing for some review prior to the official comment period). Notably, substantial changes made to the draft documents posted in December required additional efforts by affected parties to identify and evaluate modifications made to the documents, supporting models, the missing data, broken links, and other errors in the draft BEs. In addition, the court-mandated deadline is not a reasonable excuse for not allowing a fair and substantive review of the draft BEs by affected parties. Registration and/or re-registration of pesticides under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) constitutes a federal action under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Under ESA Section 7, in some circumstances EPA must consult with the Fish and Wildlife Response to EPA’s Draft Biological Evaluation for Malathion June 10, 2016 Intrinsik Environmental Sciences Inc. – Project # 60335 Page 5 of 472 FINAL REPORT Service and/or National Marine Fisheries Service (‘the Services’) to ensure that a pesticide’s registration is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of federally endangered and threatened species (hereafter, ‘listed species’) or result in the destruction or adverse modification of designated critical habitat. Therefore, these draft BEs purport to provide initial nationwide assessments of the potential effects of the pilot pesticides to listed species and their designated critical habitat. Potential effects to candidate and proposed species and critical habitat proposed for listing under Section 7 of the ESA were also considered. In the draft BE for malathion (EPA, 2016a), EPA followed the Interagency Interim Approaches (Agencies, 2013), a process agreed to by EPA, the Services and USDA to implement some of the recommendations from the National Academy of Science’s National Research Council (“NRC”) report “Assessing Risks to Endangered and Threatened Species from Pesticides” (NRC, 2013). The NRC recommended a three step process to evaluate potential risk and satisfy EPA’s consultation obligations under Section 7 of the ESA. At each step, EPA assigns a risk finding to each species and/or critical habitat (i.e., Step 1: ‘No Effect/May Affect’ determination, Step 2: ‘Not Likely to Adversely Affect (NLAA)/Likely to Adversely Affect (LAA)’). Under this procedure, species and/or critical habitat receiving a ‘MA/NLAA’ finding are to be subject to informal consultation with the Services to determine concurrence. Species and/or critical habitat that considered MA/LAA enter Step 3, where a formal consultation occurs with the Services is to occur. A biological opinion is generated by the Services
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gill Mobility in the Baetidae (Ephemeroptera): Results of a Short Study in Africa
    GILL MOBILITY IN THE BAETIDAE (EPHEMEROPTERA): RESULTS OF A SHORT STUDY IN AFRICA MICHAEL T. GJLLIES Whitfeld, Hamsey, Lewes, Sussex, BN8 STD, England Afroptilum was the only genus of Baetidae observed with mobile gills in African streams. Other members of the Cloeon group of genera from fast-running water, including Dicentroptilum, Rhithrocloeon, Afrobaetodes, Centroptiloides and Platycloeon had rigid gills. No gill movements were observed in any species of Baetis s.l. No structural features of the gills appeard to be correlated with this behaviour. Gill movement is seen as an adaptation by Afroptilum to lower current speeds. Mobility of the gills is thought to be the plesiomorphic state. INTRODUCTION the vicinity of the research station of Amani. It lies at an altitude of 600-900 m and is fed by a number of streams draining the forested slopes of the surrounding hills. It had KLuGE et al. (1984) were the first to note that in the advantage that intermittent studies of the mayfly fauna the family Baetidae gill vibration is confined to have been made in the past so that the identity of most taxa the subfamily Cloeninae (referred to here as the could be firmly established. The availability of laboratory Cloeon-group of genera). They concluded it had facilities was also a great help. The study was limited to a tree-week period during the months of November and been lost in the subfamily Baetinae (Baetis­ December, 1993. group of genera). In a later paper, NovrKovA & The essential observations were made at the riverside. I KLUGE ( 1987) remarked that Baetis was sharply collected nymphs with a sweep net and transferred them differentiated from all members of the Cloeon­ directly from the holding pan into individual dishes for group genera in which gills are developed as a study under a portable stereomicroscope at a magnification of 20 diameters.
    [Show full text]
  • Centroptilum Dimorphicum Sp. N., a New Species of Mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Algeria
    Acta ent. bohemoslov., 82: 180-186, 1985 ISSN 0001 - 5601 Centroptilum dimorphicum sp. n., a new species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Algeria TOMAS SOLDAN! and ALAIN G. B. THOMAS2 Institute of Entomology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Geske Budejovice,l and Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie, Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse2 Taxonomy, Mediterranean, sexual dimorphism, adult, subimago, nymph, affinities Abstract. Oentroptilum dimorhicum sp. n. (nymph, subimago male, adult female), a species exhibit­ ing quite unusual combination ofnymphal characters and sexual dimorphism in presence/absence of hindwings, is described from Algeria. Its critical taxonomic characters are compared with those of other species of Centroptilum and related genera. Data on its biology are included. In previous papers dealing with the mayfly fauna of North Africa (e.g. THOMAS & DAKKI, 1979; DAKKI & GIUDICELLI, 1980; SOLDAN & THOMAS, 1983a, b; THOMAS et al., 1983) little attention was given to the genus Oentropti­ lum EATON. Earlier authors (EATON, 1899 and LESTAGE, 1925) mentioned the widespread Eurasian species Oentroptilum luteolum (MULL.) from Annaba (Algeria). EATON (1899) desribed a new species 0. algiricum ETN. from Tissa­ dourt (Algeria) based solely on adults. Since then several new species have been described in the nymphal stage (e.g. GRANDI, 1964) in addition to species known from the Mediterranean region only in the adult stage (e.g. EATON, 1883-1888). Thus the taxonomic situation of this genus has become very unclear. Our extensive North African mayfly material, collected mainly in Algeria and Tunisia, comprises several species of Oentroptilum, some of them appar­ ently new. 0. luteolum seems to be distributed evenly in brooks on northern slopes of the Atlas Tellien (found e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrodynamic Pumping by Serial Gill Arrays in the Mayfly Nymph Centroptilum Triangulifer
    3319 The Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 3319-3331 © 2010. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd doi:10.1242/jeb.039271 Hydrodynamic pumping by serial gill arrays in the mayfly nymph Centroptilum triangulifer Andrew T. Sensenig1,*, Ken T. Kiger2 and Jeffrey W. Shultz1 1Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA and 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA *Author for correspondence at present address: Department of Biology, University of Akron, OH 44325, USA ([email protected]) Accepted 26 May 2010 SUMMARY Aquatic nymphs of the mayfly Centroptilum triangulifer produce ventilatory flow using a serial array of seven abdominal gill pairs that operates across a Reynolds numbers (Re) range from 2 to 22 during ontogeny. Net flow in small animals is directed ventrally and essentially parallel to the stroke plane (i.e. rowing), but net flow in large animals is directed dorsally and essentially transverse to the stroke plane (i.e. flapping). Detailed flow measurements based on Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) ensemble- correlation analysis revealed that the phasing of the gills produces a time-dependent array of vortices associated with a net ventilatory current, a fluid kinematic pattern, here termed a ‘phased vortex pump’. Absolute size of vortices does not change with increasing animal size or Re, and thus the vortex radius (Rv) decreases relative to inter-gill distance (Lis) during mayfly growth. Given that effective flapping in appendage-array animals requires organized flow between adjacent appendages, we hypothesize that rowing should be favored when Lis/Rv<1 and flapping should be favored when Lis/Rv>1.
    [Show full text]
  • Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)
    Revision of the Malagasy genus Nesoptiloides (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) Autor(en): Gattolliat, Jean-Luc / Sartori, Michel Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft = Bulletin de la Société Entomologique Suisse = Journal of the Swiss Entomological Society Band (Jahr): 72 (1999) Heft 1-2 PDF erstellt am: 26.09.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-402735 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich
    [Show full text]
  • 1 New Ohio and Indiana Records of Aquatic Insects (Ephemeroptera
    Ohio Biological Survey Notes 9: 1–15, 2019. © Ohio Biological Survey, Inc. New Ohio and Indiana Records of Aquatic Insects (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Coleoptera: Elmidae, Diptera: Chironomidae) MICHAEL J. BOLTON1, SARAH K. MACY2, R. EDWARD DEWALT3, AND LUKE M. JACOBUS4 1Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, Division of Surface Water, 4675 Homer Ohio Lane, Groveport, OH 43125, Michael.Bolton@epa. ohio.gov; 2Formerly with the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency; current e-mail: [email protected]; 3University of Illinois, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 S Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, [email protected]; 4Indiana University–Purdue University Columbus, 4601 Central Avenue, Columbus, IN 47203, [email protected]. Abstract: New state records and additional locations for rarely collected species are reported for Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies), Trichoptera (caddisflies), Coleoptera: Elmidae (riffle beetles), and Diptera: Chironomidae (chironomids, non-biting midges, midges). These specimen records result primarily from Ohio Environmental Protection Agency biomonitoring of Ohio streams and from records found in the Purdue University Entomological Research Collection and the Illinois Natural History Survey Insect Collection; a few records were derived from material housed in two other collections. New state records for Ohio consist of the mayflies Acentrella rallatoma Burian & Myers, Acerpenna pygmaea (Hagen), Anafroptilum album (McDunnough), Anafroptilum minor group species 1, Anafroptilum
    [Show full text]
  • A Cladistic Insight Into the Higher Level Classification Of
    Systematic Entomology (2020), DOI: 10.1111/syen.12446 A cladistic insight into the higher level classification of Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) PAULO VILELA CRUZ1,2 , CAROLINA NIETO3, JEAN-LUC GATTOLLIAT4, FREDERICO FALCÃO SALLES5 andNEUSA HAMADA2 1Universidade Federal de Rondônia - UNIR, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais - PPGCA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências da Natureza - PPGECN, Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Conservação - LABICON, CEP 76940-000, Rolim de Moura, Rondônia, Brazil, 2Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, Laboratório de Citotaxonomia e Insetos Aquáticos, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, 3Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical, CONICeT, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, 4107, Horco Molle, Tucumán, Argentina, 4Musée Cantonal de Zoologie, Palais de Rumine, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland and 5Museu de Entomologia, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Abstract. Baetidae was one of the first families established for mayflies (Ephemeroptera). After more than 200 years of progressive research, Baetidae is now known as the most species-rich family in the order. Two competing proposals of family division were proposed: Cloeoninae and Baetinae, or Protopatellata and Anteropatellata. Both classifications were established without cladistic support. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of the family Baeti- dae using morphological evidence and evaluate these classification schemes. The matrix included 245 morphological characters derived from larval and adult stages across 164 species in 98 genera.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Endangered Species Act Regarding the Nationwide Permit Program
    February 8, 2021 Sent via U.S. Certified Mail, Return Receipt Requested, and Email to: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Aurelia Skipwith, Director Lt. General Scott A. Spellmon, Chief U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 441 G Street NW Main Interior Washington, DC 20314-1000 1849 C Street, NW Room 3331 [email protected] Washington, DC 20240-0001 [email protected] [email protected] David Bernhardt, Secretary Samuel D. Rauch III, Deputy Assistant U.S. Department of the Interior Administrator for Regulatory Programs 1849 C Street, NW NOAA Fisheries Directorate - NMFS Washington, DC 20240-0001 1315 East-West Highway, 14th Floor [email protected] Silver Spring, MD 20910 [email protected] Wilbur Ross, Secretary U.S. Department of Commerce 1401 Constitution Ave NW Washington DC 20230 [email protected] Re: 60-Day Notice of Intent to Sue: Violations of the Endangered Species Act Regarding the Nationwide Permit Program Dear Sirs/Madams: This letter serves as formal notice pursuant to 16 U.S.C. § 1540(g) by the Center for Biological Diversity, Sierra Club, Friends of the Earth, Waterkeeper Alliance, Natural Resources Defense Council, Center for Food Safety, and Recirculating Farms Coalition (“Conservation Groups”) of their intent to sue the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (“Corps”) for violations of the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1531–1544 (“ESA”), in connection with the January 13, 2021, issuance, reissuance and modification of 16 nationwide permits (“NWPs”) under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (“CWA”) absent formal programmatic ESA Section 7 consultation to ensure that the NWP program will not jeopardize listed species or adversely modify critical habitat in violation of the ESA.
    [Show full text]
  • Sensitivity Comparisons of the Insect Centroptilum Triangulifer to Ceriodaphnia Dubia and Daphnia Magna Using Standard Reference Toxicants; Nacl, Kcl
    Sensitivity comparisons of the insect Centroptilum triangulifer to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna using standard reference toxicants; NaCl, KCl and CuSO4 A thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati on 2/20/12 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in the Department of Biology of the College of Arts and Sciences by Katherine Ann Hammer B.S. University of Dayton 2003 Committee Chair: Jodi Shann, Ph.D. Abstract Establishing water quality criteria that is protective of all native biota is a difficult task and often aided by the use of model organisms. Common model organisms may not be the most sensitive or inclusive of all taxa. The US Environmental Protection Agency has cultured a parthenogenetic invertebrate, the insect Centroptilum triangulifer , which potentially has higher sensitivity to certain toxicants. This study established a 48 hr acute and a 14 day chronic testing procedure for C. triangulifer and compared its sensitivity to two model invertebrates, Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna . Toxicity bioassays were conducted to determine mortality and growth effects using standard reference toxicants; NaCl, KCl and CuSO 4. Weight was at least 36% more sensitive to the toxicants than body length and head capsule width in C. triangulifer . In 48 hr acute tests, the average LC50 for the mayfly was 659 mg/L NaCl, 1957 mg/L KCl, and 11 µg/L CuSO 4. IC25 values, using weight as the endpoint, were 291 mg/L NaCl, 356 mg/L KCl and 6 µg/L CuSO 4. C. triangulifer was the most sensitive species in NaCl acute and chronic tests.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) Status and Management, Saint Lucia, 2010
    Critical Situation Analysis (CSA) of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) Status and Management, Saint Lucia, 2010 carried out under the project Mitigating the Threats of Invasive Alien Species in the Insular Caribbean Project No. GFL / 2328 – 2713-4A86, GF-1030-09-03 Ulrike Krauss IAS Coordinator Forestry Department Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry and Fisheries (MALFF) Union, September 2010 Critical Situation Analysis (CSA) of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) Status and Management, Saint Lucia, 2010 Table of Content Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 2 Context, Scope and Objectives ............................................................................................... 4 Historic Overview ..................................................................................................................... 7 Saint Lucia’s Environmental Profile ..................................................................................... 11 Protected Areas and Other Areas of High Conservation Value ............................................. 12 Biodiversity Baseline Assessments ....................................................................................... 16 Terrestrial Ecosystems...................................................................................................... 17 Aquatic Ecosystems .......................................................................................................... 18 IAS Inventories ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Implementation Guide to the DRAFT
    2015 Implementation Guide to the DRAFT As Prescribed by The Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program and the State Wildlife Grant Program Illinois Wildlife Action Plan 2015 Implementation Guide Table of Contents I. Acknowledgments IG 1 II. Foreword IG 2 III. Introduction IG 3 IV. Species in Greatest Conservation Need SGCN 8 a. Table 1. SummaryDRAFT of Illinois’ SGCN by taxonomic group SGCN 10 V. Conservation Opportunity Areas a. Description COA 11 b. What are Conservation Opportunity Areas COA 11 c. Status as of 2015 COA 12 d. Ways to accomplish work COA 13 e. Table 2. Summary of the 2015 status of individual COAs COA 16 f. Table 3. Importance of conditions for planning and implementation COA 17 g. Table 4. Satisfaction of conditions for planning and implementation COA 18 h. Figure 1. COAs currently recognized through Illinois Wildlife Action Plan COA 19 i. Figure 2. Factors that contribute or reduce success of management COA 20 j. Figure 3. Intersection of COAs with Campaign focus areas COA 21 k. References COA 22 VI. Campaign Sections Campaign 23 a. Farmland and Prairie i. Description F&P 23 ii. Goals and Current Status as of 2015 F&P 23 iii. Stresses and Threats to Wildlife and Habitat F&P 27 iv. Focal Species F&P 30 v. Actions F&P 32 vi. Focus Areas F&P 38 vii. Management Resources F&P 40 viii. Performance Measures F&P 42 ix. References F&P 43 x. Table 5. Breeding Bird Survey Data F&P 45 xi. Figure 4. Amendment to Mason Co. Sands COA F&P 46 xii.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 5: Fauna Known to Occur on Fort Drum
    Appendix 5: Fauna Known to Occur on Fort Drum LIST OF FAUNA KNOWN TO OCCUR ON FORT DRUM as of January 2017. Federally listed species are noted with FT (Federal Threatened) and FE (Federal Endangered); state listed species are noted with SSC (Species of Special Concern), ST (State Threatened, and SE (State Endangered); introduced species are noted with I (Introduced). INSECT SPECIES Except where otherwise noted all insect and invertebrate taxonomy based on (1) Arnett, R.H. 2000. American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of North America North of Mexico, 2nd edition, CRC Press, 1024 pp; (2) Marshall, S.A. 2013. Insects: Their Natural History and Diversity, Firefly Books, Buffalo, NY, 732 pp.; (3) Bugguide.net, 2003-2017, http://www.bugguide.net/node/view/15740, Iowa State University. ORDER EPHEMEROPTERA--Mayflies Taxonomy based on (1) Peckarsky, B.L., P.R. Fraissinet, M.A. Penton, and D.J. Conklin Jr. 1990. Freshwater Macroinvertebrates of Northeastern North America. Cornell University Press. 456 pp; (2) Merritt, R.W., K.W. Cummins, and M.B. Berg 2008. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America, 4th Edition. Kendall Hunt Publishing. 1158 pp. FAMILY LEPTOPHLEBIIDAE—Pronggillled Mayflies FAMILY BAETIDAE—Small Minnow Mayflies Habrophleboides sp. Acentrella sp. Habrophlebia sp. Acerpenna sp. Leptophlebia sp. Baetis sp. Paraleptophlebia sp. Callibaetis sp. Centroptilum sp. FAMILY CAENIDAE—Small Squaregilled Mayflies Diphetor sp. Brachycercus sp. Heterocloeon sp. Caenis sp. Paracloeodes sp. Plauditus sp. FAMILY EPHEMERELLIDAE—Spiny Crawler Procloeon sp. Mayflies Pseudocentroptiloides sp. Caurinella sp. Pseudocloeon sp. Drunela sp. Ephemerella sp. FAMILY METRETOPODIDAE—Cleftfooted Minnow Eurylophella sp. Mayflies Serratella sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Invertebrates
    A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement scheme Environmental Statement Appendices Appendix 11.2: Aquatic invertebrates Date: December 2014 6.3 Page left intentionally blank. A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement scheme Environmental Statement Appendices Executive summary 1 1 Introduction 2 2 Aquatic invertebrate ecology 3 3 Policy and legislation 4 3.1 Legislation 4 3.2 National Planning Policy Framework 5 3.3 Priority species 5 4 Methodology 7 4.1 Desktop survey 7 4.2 Field surveys 7 4.3 Evaluation 10 4.4 Limitations 10 5 Results 12 5.1 Desktop data and incidental records 12 5.2 WFD classification 12 5.3 Environment Agency data 12 5.4 2013 data 14 5.5 Incidental records 14 5.6 Field survey results 14 5.7 Species of conservation interest 17 6 Evaluation 18 7 Bibliography 20 Annex 1: Full survey data 23 6.3 December 2014 i A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement scheme Environmental Statement Appendices Executive summary This report is an appendix of the A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon improvement scheme environmental statement (ES). This report presents an evaluation of aquatic invertebrates based on recent surveys. It also presents the policy and legislative context within which the environmental impact assessment (EIA) has been carried out. Likely significant effects on and mitigation for aquatic invertebrates are considered in Chapter 11 of the ES. Aquatic invertebrates were surveyed in 2013 and 2014 using standard methodologies taken from the Council Directive (2000/60/EC) on a framework for the community action in the field of water policy (European Union, 2000), referred to as the Water Framework Directive (WFD).
    [Show full text]