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Tagish River and Nares River Least Cisco Assessment

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Tagish River and Nares River Least Cisco Assessment Tagish River and Nares River Least Cisco Assessment Prepared For Carcross Tagish Renewable Resource Council PO Box 70 Tagish, YT Y0B 1T0 Prepared By EDI Environmental Dynamics Inc. 2195 -2nd Avenue Whitehorse, YT Y1A 3T8 EDI Contact Ben Schonewille, Fish and Wildlife Biologist 867.393.4882 EDI Project 16Y0177 January 2017 Down to Earth Biology This page is intentionally blank. Tagish River and Nares River Least Cisco Assessment EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Least cisco form the basis of a fishery in the Southern Lakes and are an important prey item to predatory fish species in the system, particularly lake trout. According to local knowledge, there is a long history of an apparent decline of cisco numbers in the Tagish and Nares rivers. The purpose of this project was to build on existing information of cisco in the Southern Lakes system, Yukon Territory, including distribution/abundance and size/age structure. A total of four sampling events were completed in the Tagish River between May 31 and August 26, 2016. A total of 408 cisco were captured across these four sampling events with the highest capture rate during the July 5 sampling event. The cisco captured in the Tagish River ranged from 105 to 208 mm and 1 to 4 years of age. The proportion of larger (3 year old) fish caught was higher earlier in the summer while smaller 1 year old cisco were more prominent in late summer. Two sampling events were conducted in the Nares River on July 5 and August 26. A total of 48 cisco were captured, all of which were captured in the July 5 sampling event. The cisco captured in the Nares River ranged from 174 to 240 mm and 2 to 5 years old. Maturity data of the cisco captured in both sampling areas indicates that the maturation rate is relatively rapid in the population with the bulk of 2 year olds (and many 1 year olds) being sexually mature by the end of the summer. Life history information collected for cisco in the Tagish and Nares rivers during 2016 indicates that the population has a relatively low longevity and rapid rate of maturation which is presumably due to the ecological role of this species as a prey species. Data collected on mesh size selectivity indicates that future sampling efforts for cisco in the system should consider the use of the following mesh sizes to sample all size and age classes: 25 mm (1.0 inch), 32 mm (1.25 inch), 38 mm (1.5 inch) and possibly the 19 mm (0.75 inch) mesh sizes. EDI Project No.: 16Y0177 EDI ENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMICS INC. i Tagish River and Nares River Least Cisco Assessment ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding for this project was provided by the Yukon Fish & Wildlife Enhancement Trust Fund and the Yukon Energy Corporation. Don Toews and Adam Winters of the Carcross Tagish Renewable Resources Council provided valuable local knowledge of cisco in the Southern Lakes which contributed to the success of the field sampling and the preparation of this report. AUTHORSHIP This report was prepared by EDI Environmental Dynamics Inc. Staff who contributed to this project include: Ben Schonewille, B.Sc., R.P. Bio. (BC) .............................................................................................................. Author Brett Pagacz, B.Sc. .................................................................................................................................. Report Editing The fieldwork component of this project was completed by Ben Schonewille and Dawn Hansen of EDI with assistance by Carcross Tagish Renewable Resources Council board members Don Toews and Adam Winters. Carcross Tagish First Nation personnel Tami Hamilton, Daisy Gatensby and Roberta Wally also assisted with a portion of the fieldwork. Don Toews also provided input on the draft version of this report. EDI Project No.: 16Y0177 EDI ENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMICS INC. ii Tagish River and Nares River Least Cisco Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 METHODS ................................................................................................................................................................... 4 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 SPECIES COMPOSITION ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 3.2 SEASONAL DIFFERENCES IN LEAST CISCO CAPTURE RATES .......................................................................... 11 3.3 LENGTH AND AGE FREQUENCIES ............................................................................................................................... 12 3.4 MATURITY OF LEAST CISCO ............................................................................................................................................. 16 3.5 MESH SIZE SELECTIVITY OF LEAST CISCO ............................................................................................................... 18 4 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................................................... 19 5 LITERATURE CITED .............................................................................................................................................. 21 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A. SAMPLING DATA EDI Project No.: 16Y0177 EDI ENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMICS INC. iii Tagish River and Nares River Least Cisco Assessment LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Summary of targeted small mesh gillnets for least cisco by sampling area during 2017. ................................................... 4 Table 2. Summary of fish captured during targeted small mesh netting for least cisco in the Tagish River during 2017. ........... 8 Table 3. Summary of fish captured during targeted small mesh netting for least cisco in Nares Lake and the Nares River (combined) during 2017. ............................................................................................................................................................. 8 Table 4. Summary of fork length at age data collected for least cisco captured in the Tagish River during 2016 (all fork lengths are displayed in mm). ................................................................................................................................................... 14 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Overview of Tagish River and Nares River least cisco assessment study area. ................................................................... 3 Figure 2. Overview of targeted small mesh gillnetting sets in the Tagish River during 2017. ........................................................... 5 Figure 3. Overview of targeted small mesh gillnetting sets in the Nares River and Nares Lake during 2017. ................................ 6 Figure 4. Overview of targeted small mesh gillnetting results in the Tagish River during 2017. ...................................................... 9 Figure 5. Overview of targeted small mesh gillnetting results in the Nares River and Nares Lake during 2017. ......................... 10 Figure 6. Average CPUE of least cisco during the four targeted small mesh netting sampling events in the Tagish River during 2017. ................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Figure 7. Least cisco length frequency diagram for the June 17, 2016 sampling event in the Tagish River (n=37). .................... 13 Figure 8. Least cisco length frequency diagram for the July 5, 2016 sampling event in the Tagish River (n=269). ..................... 13 Figure 9. Least cisco length frequency diagram for the August 26, 2016 sampling event in the Tagish River (n=101). ............. 13 Figure 10. Least cisco length frequency diagram for the July 5, 2016 sampling event in the Nares River (n=48). ........................ 14 Figure 11. Age frequency of least cisco captured in the Tagish River. .................................................................................................. 15 Figure 12. Age frequency of least cisco captured in the Nares River. ................................................................................................... 16 Figure 13. Proportion of immature, maturing and mature least cisco captured in the Tagish River. ......................................... ...... 17 Figure 14. Proportion of least cisco captured by mesh size and fork length in the Tagish River and Nares River (combined) during 2016. ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS Photo 1. The largest least cisco captured during the 2017 sampling program, the individual pictured above was captured in the Nares River on July 5, had a fork length of 240 mm, was a mature female and aged at 5 years old. .................. 12 Photo 2. Close-up of mature female cisco captured in the Tagish River during the August 26 sampling event. This individual measured 165 mm fork length and was aged as a 2 year old. ............................................................................ 17 EDI Project No.: 16Y0177 EDI ENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMICS INC. iv Tagish River and Nares River
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