Interoperability for the Enterprise

David Danko Senior Consultant ± GIS Standards, ESRI What we are going to talk about

Defining Interoperability Standards ± a key com ponent ± ISO ± W3C G eographic standards ± The work of ISO TC 211 and OGC and others Understanding G eospatial Standards GeoWebService Standards Portals GIS has always re q u ire d Interoperability

Features G eographic analysis Social Factors ± Multiple sources, multiple organizations R oads/Infra s tru c ture ± Distributed within a com m unity ± Merging diverse information types Surveys Signal Intelligence DQGFRQWLQXHVWR« CAD Land Use/Land Cover Enterprise GIS Imagery ± GIS evolving beyond isolated com m unities ± GIS mergiTablesng with broader IT infra s tru c tures Enviro n m e n t GIS Web Services Base MapsW eb Services Networks ± Enabled by distributed networks ± Loosely coupled M odels Government Policy ± EU Dire c tives ± US E-governm ent Act Imagery GIS Services *HRJUDSK\LVD³.H\´DQLQWHJUDWLQJWHFKQRORJ\ Interoperability

³the ability of two or more system s or com ponents to exchange information and to use the information that has been exchanged (1)´

Be able to: ±find what you need; ± access it; ± understand and em ploy it; ± have goods and services responsive to the needs of consum ers (2) (1) IEEE (2) ISO TC211 Types of interoperability

Technical ± M achine to m achine connections ± Software module interaction ± APIs ± )RUPDWV« = Sem antic ± Comm on understanding concepts, term s ± inter-GLVFLSOLQDU\VSHFLDOYRFDEXODULHV« Human ± C ooperation ± 7UDLQLQJ« Legal /Policy ± Digital rights, ow nership ± /DFNRIUHVSRQVLELOLW\« Interoperability Enablers

Authorization Support for multiple Copyright ±Languages Business ±Custom s Agreements ±View s ±Data Formats Policy Fram ew ork ±Projections Incentives to ±Datum s cooperate Metadata Business Models Shared Best Practices Infra s tru c ture Standards Networks How does ESRI address interoperability enablers?

Participating in Standards ± to understand interoperability and implem ent standards fro m DIME > SDTS > VPF > KML > GML3.2

± with dom ain specialists to develop standardized data/information models ± as good GIS citizens to consensually develop good standards and specifications Providing ± GIS education, publications ± ETL capabilities to tra n s form betw een formats and models ± the GeographyNetworkand A rcW eb Services H[SHULPHQWDQGOHDUQDERXWGLJLWDOULJKWVEXVLQHVVPRGHOVRZQHUVKLSDXWKRUL]DWLRQ« Supporting ± organizations which promote interoperability and the use of standards GSDI, Digital Earth, FGDC, G eoConnections,163,5(*:*« Participation in Standards

Implem enting ±Platform ±GIS standards D evelopm ent ±IT/industry standards ±International Standards ±Regional Standards UNIX® ±National Standards ±Information Com m unity Standards ,&$2,+2:LUHOHVV« What is a standard? As defined by ISO http://www.iso.ch

Definition: ± Documented agreem ents betw een a provider and a consum er ± Reference docum ents used in public contracts or international tra d e ± Definitions of characteristics, Technical specifications, precise criteria, ru les, guidelines, Function: ± Ensure materials, products, processes and services are fit for purpose ± Help ensure interoperability ± Promote innovation, com petition, com m erce and free tra d e Standards

Political com prom ise

Democratic Technology mechanism tra n s fer Functions

C onsensus technical solutions

From H.Tom ± Standards for E nabling In ternational In teroperability Standards

M ake things work ± affect every aspect of life Widespread use of Standards ±M ake things work around the world ±Increase efficiency -globally D eveloping standards is a lot of work ±Many organizations involved ±Take time to develop ±Complicated ±20% technical 80% political International Organization for Standardization

,62IURP*UHHN,626PHDQLQJ³HTXDO´ Founded in 1947 146 member nations ± 1 member per country (represented through national standards organization ± ANSI, SAC, etc) ± 13700 standards, 3000 technical bodies, 30000 experts NGO ± unlike UN ± Delegates not national governments ± Roots in private sector and industry associations Hallmark of ISO Brand

Equal footing ±Every ISO member institution has right to take part ±1 nation ±1 vote re g a rd less of size or econom ic strength Voluntary ±ISO has no legal authority ±Adopted by nations ± health, safety, etc Market driven ±Developed by experts fro m industry , technical, business, government, academ ic C onsensus ±Ensures widespread applicability ±Remain c u rre n t Benefits of ISO Standards

Business/Trade ± Wide acceptance of products and services ± Free to com pete in broader m arket ± Remove technical tra d e b a rriers ± Support political tra d e agreem ents G overnm ent ± Provides technical and scientific underpinnings for health, safety, environmental legislation Consumers ± Provides assurance about quality, safety, & re liability ± Contribute to quality of life The ISO Developm ent Process

Â All work perform ed in technical committees (TC) Â Formal Process

Refined over 50 years

Stages and timelines fully defined Â C onsensus based

Drafts considered until consensus reached through voting process by P-m em bers Proposal Stage

Preparatory Stage

Committee Stage This is the stage to start prototyping

Enquiry Stage This is the stage to start product developm ent Approval Stage This is the stage to use in RFP Publication Stage Web Services Standards

Provides a Fram ew ork for Integrating GIS and Enterprise System s

Web Services & Roads XM L M essaging UDDI Utilities

Planning

Environm ental

SOAP Business Applications

Police WSDL «ORRVHO\FRXSOHGFRDUVHJUDLQHGGLVWULEXWHG Web Services

An application that exposes a Web-accessible API. A standard platform for building interoperable distributed applications. Achieves interoperability by re lying on vendor and platform neutra l standards such as XM L and XSD. ±XM L ± eXtensible M arkup Language ±XSD ± XM L Schem a Definition language Web Services ± Technology Stack

SOAP -Simple Object A ccess Protocol is a lightweight XM L based protocol used for invoking web services and exchanging stru c tured data and type information on the Web

UDDI -Universal D escription Discovery and Integration provides a m echanism for clients to dynam ically find other web services.

WSDL-W eb Services Definition Language (WSDL) is an XM L docum ent that describes a Web service. It specifies the location of the service and the operations (or methods) the service exposes. Service Oriented Architecture* SOA

Client Service R equester

Service Service Service B roker Publish Provider Service Service D escription D escription

*F rom W eb Service Architecture, 14 Nov. 2002 G eographic Information Standardization GIS Standardization ± functional areas

1. Basic G eographic Stru c tures (sem antic interoperability) ± SDTS, ISO Spatial Schem a, Coordinate Ref System s standards 2. Content D escription (sem antic interoperability) ± FACC, SDSFIE, Standardized Data M odels ± ISO Feature Catalog Methodology , UML, Application schem a, FGDC Metadata, ISO Metadata 3. Data M anagem ent (sem antic and technical) ± OGC Simple Features 4. Data Formats (technical interoperability) ± VPF, OGC GML 5. Visualization (sem antic and technical) ± SLD, MIL-STD 2525 6. GeoWebServices (technical interoperability) ± OGC Catalog, Web Services, SOA 8VLQJVWDQGDUG¶VIXQFWLRQDODUHDVWR provide geographic know ledge

1. B asic G eographic 2. C ontent 3. D ata Management Stru c ture D escription 4. D ata Format Using standardized 5. Visualization modeling languages 6. W eb services and ru les for application schem as Street Parcel Topology Vectors

Name

Networks Schem a for Rules Using standardized Building Relationships Sm ith spatial schem as Definitions Behavior Producing user view s www.ISOTC211.ORG

«EXLOGLQJWKHIRXQGDWLRQRIWKHJHRVSDWLDO infrastructure, brick by brick ...

ESRI participates through ANSI/INCITS L1 ISO TC 211 Projects z IS O 6709:1983, Standard representation of latitude,z IS O /RS 19124 - Im agery and gridded data longitude and altitude for geographic point locations com ponents z IS O 19101 -R eference model z IS O 19125 -Simple feature access ± Part 1-3 z IS O 19102 ± O verview -deleted z IS O 19126 -Profile -FACC Data Dictionary z IS O /TS 19103 - C onceptual sch em a language z IS O 19127 -G eodetic codes and param eters z IS O 19104 -Term inology z IS O 19128 -W eb Map Server In terface z IS O 19105 -C onform ance and testing z IS O 19129 - Im agery, gridded and coverage data z IS O 19106 -Profiles fram ew ork z IS O 19107 -Spatial sch em a z IS O 19130 -Sensor and data model for im agery z IS O 19108 -Tem poral sch em a and gridded data z IS O 19109 -R ules for application sch em a z IS O 19131 -D ata product specification z IS O 19110 -Feature cataloguing methodology z IS O 19132 -Location based services p ossible standards z IS O 19111 -Spatial referencing by coordinates z IS O 19133 -Location based services tracking and navigatio z IS O 19112 -Spatial referencing by geographic z IS O 19134 -M ultimodal location based services identifiers for routing and navigation z IS O 19113 -Q uality principles z IS O 19135 - P rocedures for registration of z IS O 19114 -Q uality evaluation procedures geographic inform ation item s z IS O 19115 -M etadata z IS O 19136 ± G eography M arkup Language (GM L) z IS O 19116 -Positioning services z IS O 19137 - G enerally used profiles of the sp atial sch em a z IS O 19117 ± Portrayal and of similar important other sch em as z IS O 19118 -Encoding z IS O 19138 -D ata Quality Measures z IS O 19119 -Services z IS O 19139 -M etadata -Implem entation Specification z IS O /TR 19120 -Functional standards + new rev z IS O 19140 -Technical am endm ent to the IS O 191** z IS O /TR 19121 Im agery and gridded data G eographic inform ation series of standards for z IS O /TR 19122 -Q ualifications and certification harm onization and enhancem ents of personnel z IS O 19141 ± M oving features z IS O 19123 - Schem a for coverage geom etry and z IS O 19142 ± Web Feature Service functions z IS O 19143 ± Filter Encoding z IS O 19144 ± Classifications System s The Foundation

Fram ew ork/standards infrastru c ture Chairm a n Olaf Østensen Adv.G-Stra t ± Basic architecture Norway AG Registry MHT Locate, understand AG LBS SW G-QC ± Metadata WG 2 WG 3 WG5 WG 1 WG 4 G eospatial G eospatial Profiles and Other Fram ew ork and G eospatial Quality m odels data Functional projects ± Reference services m odel and operators adm inistra tion standards Basic stru c ture ± Spatial, tem poral schem as Organization 1994-2001 ± CRS definition A ccess ± Simple feature access ± Web map services Data content description ± Feature Catalog Methology ± Rules for Application Schem a ISO TC 211 O rganization 2002 -present

Chairm a n Olaf Østensen MHT Secretary Bjørnhild Sæ terøy TM G Norway AG Stra tegy

TF 211/204 AG Outreach

WG 4 WG 6 WG 7 WG 8 WG 9 Morten B o rre b æ k 'RXJODV2¶%ULHQ Antony Cooper Martin Ford Hiro s h i Imai Norway Canada South Africa UK Japan

G eospatial Imagery Information Location Information services com m unities based m anagem ent services Countries + 61 Liaison organizations + 26 Standards com m ittees + 13 ISO TC 211 Standards Used by ESRI D evelopm ent ISO 6709:1983 Standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic point ISO/TR 19122:2004 Qualification and certification of locations personnel ISO 19101:2002 Reference m odel ISO 19123:2005 Schem a for coverage geom etry and ISO/TS 19103:2005 C onceptual schem a language functions ISO 19105:2000 Conform ance and testing ISO 19125-1:2004 Simple feature access --Part 1: Com m on architecture ISO 19106:2004 Profiles ISO 19125-2:2004 Simple feature access --Part 2: SQL ISO 19107:2003 Spatial schem a option ISO 19108:2002 Tem poral schem a ISO/TS 19127:2005 Geodetic codes and param eters ISO 19109:2005 Rules for application schem a ISO 19128:2005 Web map server interface ISO 19110:2005 Methodology for feature cataloguing ISO 19131:2007 Data product specifications ISO 19111:2007 Spatial re ferencing by coordinates ISO 19132:2007 Location-based services --Reference ISO 19112:2003 Spatial re ferencing by geographic m odel identifiers ISO 19133:2005 Location-based services --Tracking ISO 19113:2002 Quality principles and navigation ISO 19114:2003 Quality evaluation procedures ISO 19134:2007 Location-based services --M ultim odal ISO 19115:2003 Metadata routing and navigation ISO 19116:2004 Positioning services ISO 19135:2005 Procedures for item re g istra tion ISO 19117:2005 Portra ya l ISO 19136:2007 G eography Markup Language (GML) ISO 19118:2005 Encoding ISO 19137:2007 Core profile of the spatial schem a ISO 19119:2005 Services ISO/TS 19138:2006 Data quality m easures ISO/TR 19120:2001 Functional standards ISO/TS 19139:2007 Metadata --XM L schem a ISO/TR 19121:2000 Imagery and gridded data implem entation Open Geospatial Consortium Spatial connectivity

for a changing world.

Vision

A world in which everyone benefits from geographic information and services m ade available across any network, application, or platform

Mission

Our core mission is to deliver spatial interface specifications that are openly available for global use What is the OGC?

Open G eospatial Consortium (OGC) ±Global, not-for-profit, international voluntary consensus standards organization ±O ver 350 industry , government, research and university member organizations ±Founded in 1994, Incorporated in US, UK, Austra lia

OGC leads the developm ent, testing, prom otion and harmonization of open spatial standards Where does OGC fit in the µVWDQGDUGV¶ZRUOG"

o OASIS/IETF /

Fact W3C

De De Infrastru c ture: OGC ISO/ Other WSDL, National Software Interfaces: UDDI, SOAP, Domains: Instantiate Domain XM L Object/Abstract and Dejureinto M odels, Infrastru c ture Content, Vocabulary Jure De De DomainInfra s tru c ture Stra tegic Board of Directors Member Advisory Committee Executive Director & Staff

Specification Program Interoperability Program Outreach & Comm unity Technical Planning Adoption IP M anagem ent Team Comm ittee Comm ittee Stra tegic Alliances Interop. Initiative Interop. Init. Mgmt. Standards TeamInitiative Working Interop. M arket and Regional Special StLiandaraison ds Init. Mgmt. GroupSpecial StLiaiandarson ds Program s Interest SponsorTeamsInitiative (WG)GrIntouperest Liaison (SIGrG)oup Init. Mgmt. (SIG) ParticiSponsorpants Teams

Sub- ParticiSponsorpants s CommiSub-ttee Education CommiSub-ttee Committee Participants Adopted OGC Specifications Implem ented by ESRI

± Catalogue Service ± Simple Features ± Coordinate Transformation ± Simple Features CORBA ± Filter Encoding ± Simple Features OLE/COM G eographic Objects ± ± Simple Features SQL G eography M arkup ± Styled Layer D escriptor Language ± Sym bology Encoding ± GML in JPEG 2000 ± ± Grid Coverage Service ± Transducer Markup Language ± Location Services (O penLS) ± Web Coverage Service ± O bservations and ± Web Feature Service M easurem ents ± Web Map Context Sensor M odel Language ± ± Web Map Service ± Sensor O bservation Service ± Web Processing Service ± Sensor Planning Service ± Web Service Com m on OGC specs equivalent in ISO

OGC Grid Coverages ± ISO 19123 Schem a for coverage geom etry and functions OGC Simple Feature Specification ± SQL ± ISO 19125-1 Simple feature access -Part 1: Comm on architecture ± ISO 19125-2 Simple feature access -Part 2: SQL Option OGC Web Map Service ± ISO 19128 Web Map Server interface G eography M arkup Language ± ISO 19136 ± GML OGC Web Feature Service ± ISO 19142 Web Feature Service OGC Filter Encoding ± ISO 19143 Filter Encoding These last two are now in developm ent in ISO Exam ples of Standards and O rganizations in which ESRI participates to establish Technical Interoperability

ISO 19139 Metadata XM L Schem a OGC WMS

OGC GML Exam ples of Standards and Organizations in which ESRI participates to establish Sem antic Interoperability

ISO 19115 Metadata Title = nam e by which the resource is know n OASIS C om m on Alerting Protocol-CAP msgType= the code denoting the nature of the alert m essage. FG DC Fram ew ork data m odels Standards which define terms, concepts, and information schem as &RPPXQLW\³'RPDLQ´6WDQGDUGV Military/Intel/NATO, Hydrographic, Em ergency

Digital G eographic Information WG ±Technical Panels and Project Team s Data A ccess TP Data Stru c tures TP Service and Interface TP M ulti-National G eospatial Co-production Program

G eospatial-Intelligence Standards W orking G roup ± Comm unity Sensor M odel Working G roup (CSMW G) ± G eographic Portra y a l Focus G roup (PFG) ± Metadata Focus G roup (MFG) ± Information Tra n s fer & Services Arc h itecture (ITSA FG )

Â Transfer Standard M aintenance and Application Developm ent Working Group Â G eospatial M aritime WG2

Â Emergency M anagem entTechnicalCommittee Regional Standards ESRI Participation European Activities

European Committee for Standardization Com ité Européen de Normalisation CEN TC 287 ±Sponsor secretariat (Developm ent) ±EU Metadata Profile (Implem enting)

INSPIRE ±Spatial Data Interest Com m unities ± SDIC (Developm ent) ±Geo-portal (Implem enting) National Standards ESRI Participation

Accredited by

D evelopm ent Implem enting ESRI is a principle member ANSI/INCITS 320-1998 -Spatial INCITS L1 ± Subcom m ittee for Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) geographic information ANSI/INCITS 353-2001 - Review , com m ent and approve Information technology - US National Standards G eographical Information ±by ANSI/INCITS System s -Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastru c ture, and US TAG for ISO TC 211 Environment (SDSFIE) Leading the developm ent of a North Am erican Profile of the ISO 19100 standards adopted ISO Metadata standards Com m unicating geographic know ledge Encapsulating the real world Sem antic Interoperability GIS Abstra c ts G eography into a Modern Information Technology Fram ew ork «$EVWUDFWLQJ*HRJUDSKLF.QRZOHGJH GeoVisualization D ecision Support Data M anagem ent Encapsulating Real World Knowledge

M odels Maps GIS Metadata Data M odels Geodata G eodatabase Sets

«DQ,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHPIRU*HRJUDSK\ GIS abstracts geography into five basic elem ents

Data Models

Geodata Sets

Process and Workflow Models

Maps and Globes

Metadata

. . . Together They R epresent the Building Blocks of G eographic Know ledge ISO 19107 Spatial Schem a Data M odels (Geometry ) Data M odels ISO 19109 Rules for application schem a Com m unity standardized Schem as to define ru les, Data M odels re lationships, definitions, behavior Data M odels Standardized GIS Data Models

Created locally, regionally, nationally, globally by com m unity Subject Matter Experts

A ddress Historic Preservation Agricultural & A rchaeology Atmospheric Homeland Security Local B ase Map Hydro governm ent Biodiversity IHO Homeland Census-Adm in Land Parcels security Boundaries Local Government Defense-Intel Marine Energy Utilities National C adastre Environmental Petro leum Forestry Pipeline Geology Telecom m unications G roundwater Transportation Water H ealth Water Utilities C adastre Candidate ANSI/INCITS-L1

Simple feature class G eom etryPoint C ontains M values No Haul C ontains Z values No Allow Prec- FG DC Fram ew ork Field nam e Data type nulls Default value Domain ision ScaleLength OBJECTID Object ID SHAPE G eom etry Yes HAULJOIN Long integer No 0 VESSELCODE Long integer No 0 CRUISE Long integer No 0 HAUL Long integer No 0 STATION_ID String No 7 Them e m odels 1. Digital orthoimagery SSTEM P Float No 0 0 BOTTOM TEM P Float No 0 0 EFFO RT Float No 0 0 Agriculture DataSourceID String Yes 50 2. C adastra l data 3. Geodetic contro l Relationship class Table HaulH asFishC atch FishC atch TypeSimple Forward label FishC atch Allow Prec- CardinalityO ne to m any B ackw ard label H aul Field nam e Data type nulls Default value Domain ision ScaleLength NotificationN one OBJECTID Object ID Origin feature class D estination table HAULJOIN Long integer No 0 NameH aul NameFishC atch SPECIESCODE Long integer No 0 Primary key HAULJOIN LATINNAME String No 28 4. Elevation Foreign keyHAULJOIN COMMONNAME String No 21 No relationship rules defined. WEIGHTCPUE D ouble No 0 0 NUMBERCPUE D ouble No 0 0 5. Hydrography

Relationship class DataSourceHasH aul Table DataSource TypeSimple Forward label H aul CardinalityO ne to m any B ackw ard label DataSource Allow Prec- NotificationN one Field nam e Data type nulls Default value Domain ision ScaleLength 6. Transportation Origin table D estination feature class OBJECTID Object ID NameDataSource NameH aul DESC_ String Yes 35 Primary key DataSourceID SOURCE String Yes 35 Foreign key DataSourceID CONTACT String Yes 20 No relationship rules defined. PREC String Yes 20 CREATE_DATE Long integer Yes 0 LAST_UPDATED Long integer Yes 0 DataSourceID String Yes 50 7. Government Units http://www.esri.com /software/arcgis/geodatabase/about/data-m odels.html ArcGISData Interoperability Extension Data M odels Mapping my lexicon to yours C onceptual view must be sem antically defined (and published) so others can decipher

Your view My view GIS abstracts geography into five basic elem ents

Data Models

Geodata Sets

Process and Workflow Models

Maps and Globes

Metadata

. . . Together They R epresent the Building Blocks of G eographic Know ledge GeodataSets OGC Simple Feature Specification

Simple Feature specification defines: ±Data access model ±Database schem a ±2D Geometry m odel for points, lines, polygons ±³:HOO-.QRZQ´GDWDIRUPDWVIRUJHRPHWU\ and spatial re ference ISO and OGC specifications for simple feature access Data Models Simple Feature model

Database Connection Query

Cursor

Value Geometry

Type 1 Type 2 Spatial Geometry (e.g. string) (e.g. num ber) Reference

Data A ccess

Point Line Area GeodataSets Simple Feature Implem entation SQL Profile

10 area1 yellow Feature Table 11 area2 green

12 area3 Blue Feature

13 area4 red

Geometry Feature Attribute

Feature Tables contain ro w s (features) sharing com m on properties (Feature Attributes). Geometry is a Feature Attribute. GeodataSets G eography M arkup Language (GML)

GML is an XM L based encoding standard for geographic information Defines an XM L schem a for representing geographic features (attributes, geom etries, re lationships, etc). GML Objects can represent:

Features Coverages G eom etries

Topologies Observations Values

Coordinate Referencing Styles D ynam ic Features, « GeodataSets :KDW¶VVSHFLDODERXW*0/"

B ecause GML is based on XM L, it leverages a w ealth of mainstream (beyond the geographic com m unity) standards, tools and practices for data exchange being developed by several consortia around the world

6WDQGDUG;0/WHFKQRORJLHVH[LVW« ± for Encoding and Data M odeling Expression (DTD, RDF and XSD) ± for Linking and A ssociating resources (XLink) ± for Selecting & Pointing (XPath, XPointer) ± for Transforming content (XSLT) ± for G raphical re n d e ring (SVG, VM L, X3D) GeodataSets GML Simple Feature Profile

Fixed schem a 3D coordinates Simple geom etry (points, lines, polygons, multipart) Point, Multipoint -2D or 3D points Curve, Multicurve - Linear interpolation between points Surface, Multisurface -Polygons with planar faces Geometry , Multigeom etry - P o tentially heterogeneous geom etry collections (mixed point / line / polygon) Dynamic codelists(eg, coded value dom ain lists) Reference links (can hrefto other resources, eg, for handling foreign/primary keys) Metadata links (can hrefto metadata) GeodataSets UML/GML Data M odel/ Application Schem a Data Models GML UML GeodataSets UML/GML Data M odel/ Application Schem a Data Models GML UML GeodataSets ArcGISData Interoperability Extension Interoperability betw een formats

GML S-57 MapInfo SDTS Intergraph VM L Laser Scan VPF Autodesk WFS XM L $QGPDQ\PRUH« Mapping

Analysis

Visualization GIS abstracts geography into five basic elem ents

Data Models

Geodata Sets

Process and Workflow Models

Maps and Globes

Metadata

. . . Together They R epresent the Building Blocks of G eographic Know ledge Metadata

Data about Data (official definition) Information that describes a resource (data) so it can be understood Ensures we find and use the right data for the right purpose ±And used correctly W ould you buy food or drink without know ing what it is?

title time period supplemental author information sources abstract (file) size G eographic Metadata

Data about data ±G eographic area covered ±C u rre n c y ±Rules of use ±Positional accuracy ±Data dictionary ±M eans of encoding ±Datum ±Map projection A Key interoperability technology: ±Producers explain their product ±U sers learn about products Non standard products can be understood Metadata U ses Understanding the right data for the right purpose

Locate Extra c t ±Find ±Order Download ±Discover ± ±Stru c tured searches vs. unstru c tured Em ploy ±Define, Pleasantville Evaluate Pleasantville ±Apply, ±Restrictions ±Use, Pleasantville ±Quality ± & ±Reputation Understand geographic know ledge Land Inform ation Ontario Enterprise Metadata Stra tegy Metadata fra m e w o rk ± stages of collaboration

Metadata ± data Interoperability Technical Sem antic Business describing Collaboration (Physical) (Inform ation) (Process) information Discover Find each Determ ine Determ ine other meaning and business term s resources that usefulness and require m e n ts Trust Establish Establish Establish enable collaboration physical information business connection provenance tru s t re lationship tru s t Collaboration ± tru s t Prepare Prepare for Prepare to use Enter into a interoperating physical data the information commitment with purposefully tow ard exchange the other party Transact Exchange the Use the valid Establish a com m on end physical data information transaction com pleteness and Interoperability ± accountability share and exchange Stew ard Physically Safeguard the Safeguard the safeguard and interpretations of organizations information protect the the information involved in the data used business From R aphael Sussm an, 2003 re lationship 62 ISO 19115:2003

Designed: ± to support geographic information; ± to work with wider information technology standards and practices; ± to support locate, evaluate, extract, em ploy ± WRVXSSRUWGDWDVHWVVHULHVIHDWXUHVDWWULEXWHV« ± to serve the global com m unity, in a multi-national, multi-language environment; ± based on a foundation of national, re g ional, and special information com m unity standards and experiences Developed through a rigorous, consensus ISO process Provides a foundation for national, re g ional, and global interoperability

Sem antic Interoperability Metadata is com posed of Content Information information chapters Distribution information (packages) Data quality information Spatial representation info Maintenance information Reference system information Constraint information Identification information Metadata

fileIdentifier: 3A 2234641211B 12 language: en FKDUDFWHU6HW GHIDXOW XWI³ parentIdentifier: National Map TopoSeries 864 9 KLHUDUFK\/HYHO GHIDXOW GDWDVHW³ hierarchyLevelName: (not needed) 8 contact : CI_R esponsibleParty 7 dateStam p : 20060417 6 metadataStandardN am e: ISO 19115:2003 metadataStandardVersion: (not needed) or 5 metadataStandardVersion: North Am erican Profile 4 1.0 3 2 C hapter 1 ISO 19115:2003 Defines how metadata applies to a re s o u rc e G F_FeatureType DS_DataSet 0..* MD_Metadata 1..* 0..* FE_Feature 1..* 0..* 1..* 0..* 0..* GF_PropertyType 0..* <> 0..* D S_A ggregate FE_FeatureA ttribute 0..* 0..*

DS_Series DS_Initiative

DS_Platform DS_Sensor DS_ProductionSeries ISO 19115:2003 Defines how metadata applies to a resource G F_FeatureType Dataset Metadata 0..*

0..* FE_Feature 1..* 1..* 0..*

1..* 0..* 0..* 0..* 0..* G F_PropertyType <> D S_A ggregate 0..* FE_FeatureAttribute 0.. * D S_Series or DS_Initiative or D S_Sensor or DS_ProductionSeriesXYZ Points DS_Platform 3-D Features C ontours '70¶V LIDAR GIS -Evolving to a web service environment Providing G eospatial Services

W eb Services Networks GeoWeb

Providing OGC Web Services GIS Services M apping services View ing services Application Services

. . . Dynamically Integrating Our Comm on G eospatial Know ledge Web Services

Web Services & Roads M essaging Utilities XM L

Planning

Environm ental

Business Applications

Police