Particle Theory at Chicago in the Late Sixties and P-Adic Strings
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The Existentialism of Martin Buber and Implications for Education
This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 69-4919 KINER, Edward David, 1939- THE EXISTENTIALISM OF MARTIN BUBER AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1968 Education, general University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE EXISTENTIALISM OF MARTIN BUBER AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Edward David Kiner, B.A., M.A. ####*### The Ohio State University 1968 Approved by Adviser College of Education This thesis is dedicated to significant others, to warm, vital, concerned people Who have meant much to me and have helped me achieve my self, To people whose lives and beings have manifested "glimpses" of the Eternal Thou, To my wife, Sharyn, and my children, Seth and Debra. VITA February 14* 1939 Born - Cleveland, Ohio 1961......... B.A. Western Reserve University April, 1965..... M.A. Hebrew Union College Jewish Institute of Religion June, 1965...... Ordained a Rabbi 1965-1968........ Assistant Rabbi, Temple Israel, Columbus, Ohio 1967-1968...... Director of Religious Education, Columbus, Ohio FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Philosophy of Education Studies in Philosophy of Education, Dr. Everett J. Kircher Studies in Curriculum, Dr. Alexander Frazier Studies in Philosophy, Dr. Marvin Fox ill TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DEDICATION............................................. ii VITA ................................................... iii INTRODUCTION............................ 1 Chapter I. AN INTRODUCTION TO MARTIN BUBER'S THOUGHT....... 6 Philosophical Anthropology I And Thou Martin Buber and Hasidism Buber and Existentialism Conclusion II. EPISTEMOLOGY . 30 Truth Past and Present I-It Knowledge Thinking Philosophy I-Thou Knowledge Complemented by I-It Living Truth Buber as an Ebdstentialist-Intuitionist Implications for Education A Major Problem Education, Inclusion, and the Problem of Criterion Conclusion III. -
Mass Gaps and Braneworlds∗
Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 53 (2020) 204002 (13pp) https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ab83ca Mass gaps and braneworlds∗ K S Stelle The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London Prince Consort Road London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] Received 13 February 2020, revised 24 March 2020 Accepted for publication 26 March 2020 Published 29 April 2020 Abstract Remembering the foundational contributions of Peter Freund to supergravity, and especially to the problems of dimensional compactication, reduction is considered with a non-compact space transverse to the lower dimensional the- ory. The known problem of a continuum of Kaluza–Klein states is avoided here by the occurrence of a mass gap between a single normalizable zero- eigenvalue transverse wavefunction and the edge of the transverse state con- tinuum. This style of reduction does not yield a formally consistent truncation to the lower dimensional theory, so developing the lower-dimensional effective theory requires integrating out the Kaluza–Klein states lying above the mass gap. Keywords: mass gap, effective theory, dimensional reduction, supergravity (Some gures may appear in colour only in the online journal) 1. Memories of Peter Freund It is with great fondness that I think back to all the various interactions that I had with Peter Freund throughout my career. Of course, there are the many shared interests in physics, espe- cially in supersymmetry, nonabelian gauge theories of all sorts, dimensional reduction and string theory. But there are also the episodes, and especially the story telling about episodes, at which Peter was a world master. -
Magnetic Vortices in Gauge/Gravity Duality
Magnetic Vortices in Gauge/Gravity Duality Dissertation by Migael Strydom Magnetic Vortices in Gauge/Gravity Duality Dissertation an der Fakult¨atf¨urPhysik der Ludwig{Maximilians{Universit¨at M¨unchen vorgelegt von Migael Strydom aus Pretoria M¨unchen, den 20. Mai 2014 Dissertation submitted to the faculty of physics of the Ludwig{Maximilians{Universit¨atM¨unchen by Migael Strydom supervised by Prof. Dr. Johanna Karen Erdmenger Max-Planck-Institut f¨urPhysik, M¨unchen 1st Referee: Prof. Dr. Johanna Karen Erdmenger 2nd Referee: Prof. Dr. Dieter L¨ust Date of submission: 20 May 2014 Date of oral examination: 18 July 2014 Zusammenfassung Wir untersuchen stark gekoppelte Ph¨anomene unter Verwendung der Dualit¨at zwischen Eich- und Gravitationstheorien. Dabei liegt ein besonderer Fokus einer- seits auf Vortex L¨osungen, die von einem magnetischem Feld verursacht werden, und andererseits auf zeitabh¨angigen Problemen in holographischen Modellen. Das wichtigste Ergebnis ist die Entdeckung eines unerwarteten Effektes in einem ein- fachen holografischen Modell: ein starkes nicht abelsches magnetisches Feld verur- sacht die Entstehung eines Grundzustandes in der Form eines dreieckigen Gitters von Vortices. Die Dualit¨at zwischen Eich- und Gravitationstheorien ist ein m¨achtiges Werk- zeug welches bereits verwendet wurde um stark gekoppelte Systeme vom Quark- Gluonen Plasma in Teilchenbeschleunigern bis hin zu Festk¨orpertheorien zu be- schreiben. Die wichtigste Idee ist dabei die der Dualit¨at: Eine stark gekoppelte Quantenfeldtheorie kann untersucht werden, indem man die Eigenschaften eines aus den Einsteinschen Feldgleichungen folgenden Gravitations-Hintergrundes be- stimmt. Eine der Gravitationstheorien, die in dieser Arbeit behandelt werden, ist ei- ne Einstein{Yang{Mills Theorie in einem AdS{Schwarzschild Hintergrund mit SU(2)-Eichsymmetrie. -
Why Antihydrogen and Antimatter Are Different As Paul Dirac Realized, the Existence of Antihydrogen Does Not in Itself Prove the Existence of Antimatter
ANTIMATTER Why antihydrogen and antimatter are different As Paul Dirac realized, the existence of antihydrogen does not in itself prove the existence of antimatter. A look through the history of the subject, and in particular the role played by the CPT theorem, shows that ultimately it came down to experiment to prove the existence of antimatter through the discovery of the antideuteron at CERN in 1965. “Those who say that antihydrogen is antimatter should realize that we are not made of hydrogen and we drink water, not liquid hydro- gen.” These are words spoken by Paul Dirac to physicists gathered around him after his lecture “My life as a Physicist” at the Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture in Erice in 1981 – 53 years after he had, with a single equation, opened new horizons to human knowledge. To obtain water, hydrogen is, of course, not sufficient; oxygen with a nucleus of eight protons and eight neutrons is also needed. Hydrogen is the only element in the Periodic Table to consist of two charged particles (the electron and the proton) without any role being played by the nuclear forces. These two particles need only electromagnetic glue (the photon) to form the hydrogen atom. The antihydrogen atom needs t wo antipar- ticles (antiproton and antielectron) plus electromagnetic antiglue (antiphoton). Quantum electrodynamics (QED) dictates that the photon and the antiphoton are both eigenstates of the C-operator (see later) and therefore electromagnetic antiglue must exist and act like electromagnetic glue. Dirac surrounded by young physicists in Erice after his lecture “My Life If matter were made with hydrogen, the existence of antimatter as a Physicist”. -
Scientific and Related Works of Chen Ning Yang
Scientific and Related Works of Chen Ning Yang [42a] C. N. Yang. Group Theory and the Vibration of Polyatomic Molecules. B.Sc. thesis, National Southwest Associated University (1942). [44a] C. N. Yang. On the Uniqueness of Young's Differentials. Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 50, 373 (1944). [44b] C. N. Yang. Variation of Interaction Energy with Change of Lattice Constants and Change of Degree of Order. Chinese J. of Phys. 5, 138 (1944). [44c] C. N. Yang. Investigations in the Statistical Theory of Superlattices. M.Sc. thesis, National Tsing Hua University (1944). [45a] C. N. Yang. A Generalization of the Quasi-Chemical Method in the Statistical Theory of Superlattices. J. Chem. Phys. 13, 66 (1945). [45b] C. N. Yang. The Critical Temperature and Discontinuity of Specific Heat of a Superlattice. Chinese J. Phys. 6, 59 (1945). [46a] James Alexander, Geoffrey Chew, Walter Salove, Chen Yang. Translation of the 1933 Pauli article in Handbuch der Physik, volume 14, Part II; Chapter 2, Section B. [47a] C. N. Yang. On Quantized Space-Time. Phys. Rev. 72, 874 (1947). [47b] C. N. Yang and Y. Y. Li. General Theory of the Quasi-Chemical Method in the Statistical Theory of Superlattices. Chinese J. Phys. 7, 59 (1947). [48a] C. N. Yang. On the Angular Distribution in Nuclear Reactions and Coincidence Measurements. Phys. Rev. 74, 764 (1948). 2 [48b] S. K. Allison, H. V. Argo, W. R. Arnold, L. del Rosario, H. A. Wilcox and C. N. Yang. Measurement of Short Range Nuclear Recoils from Disintegrations of the Light Elements. Phys. Rev. 74, 1233 (1948). [48c] C. -
Localization of Gauge Theories on the Three-Sphere
Localization of Gauge Theories on the Three-Sphere Thesis by Itamar Yaakov In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 2012 (Defended May 14, 2012) ii c 2012 Itamar Yaakov All Rights Reserved iii Acknowledgements I would like to thank my research adviser, Professor Anton Kapustin, for his continuing support. His mentorship, foresight, intuition and collaboration were the keys to my having a successful graduate career. The work described here was done in collaboration with Brian Willett and much of the credit for successful completion of this work is duly his. I would also like to express my deep appreciation to the California Institute of Technology, and especially the professors and staff of the physics department for a thoroughly enjoyable and interesting five years of study. Special thanks to Frank Porter, Donna Driscoll, Virginio Sannibale, and Carol Silberstein. I am grateful to Mark Wise, John Schwarz, Hirosi Ooguri, and Frank Porter for serving on my candidacy and defense committees. I benefited from discussions along the way with Ofer Aharony, John Schwarz, Sergei Gukov, Hirosi Ooguri, David Kutasov, Zohar Komargodski, Daniel Jafferis, and Jaume Gomis. I would like to thank the organizers and lecturers of the PITP 2010 summer school at the Institute for Advanced study for an impeccably produced learning experience. My thanks also to Gregory Moore and Nathan Seiberg for taking the time to discuss my research while at the school. I would like to thank UCLA, especially Yu-tin Huang, and the Perimeter Institute and Jaume Gomis for allowing me to present my work there. -
Dispersion Relations in Gauge Theories with Confinement
EFI 95-54 MPI-Ph/95-82 Dispersion Relations in Gauge Theories with Confinement 1 Reinhard Oehme Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA 2 and Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Physik - Werner-Heisenberg-Institut - 80805 Munich, Germany Abstract The analytic structure of physical amplitudes is considered for gauge the- ories with confinement of excitations corresponding to the elementary fields. Confinement is defined in terms of the BRST algebra. BRST-invariant, local, composite fields are introduced, which interpolate between physical asymp- totic states. It is shown that the singularities of physical amplitudes are arXiv:hep-th/9511007v1 1 Nov 1995 the same as in an effective theory with only physical fields. In particular, there are no structure singularities (anomalous thresholds) associated with confined constituents, like quarks and gluons. The old proofs of dispersion relations for hadronic amplitudes remain valid in QCD. 1Plenary talk presented at the XVIIIth International Workshop on High Energy Physics and Field Theory, Moscow-Protvino, June 1995. To be published in the Proceedings. 2Permanent Address It is the purpose of this talk, to give a survey of the problems involved in the derivation of analytic properties of physical amplitudes in gauge theories with confinement. This report is restricted to a brief resum´eof the essential points discussed in the talk. 3 Dispersion relations for amplitudes describing reactions between hadrons, and for form factors describing the structure of particles, have long played an important rˆole in particle physics [3, 4, 5, 6]. Analytic properties of Green’s functions are fundamental for proving many important results in quantum field theory. -
Annual Rpt 2004 For
I N S T I T U T E for A D V A N C E D S T U D Y ________________________ R E P O R T F O R T H E A C A D E M I C Y E A R 2 0 0 3 – 2 0 0 4 EINSTEIN DRIVE PRINCETON · NEW JERSEY · 08540-0631 609-734-8000 609-924-8399 (Fax) www.ias.edu Extract from the letter addressed by the Institute’s Founders, Louis Bamberger and Mrs. Felix Fuld, to the Board of Trustees, dated June 4, 1930. Newark, New Jersey. It is fundamental in our purpose, and our express desire, that in the appointments to the staff and faculty, as well as in the admission of workers and students, no account shall be taken, directly or indirectly, of race, religion, or sex. We feel strongly that the spirit characteristic of America at its noblest, above all the pursuit of higher learning, cannot admit of any conditions as to personnel other than those designed to promote the objects for which this institution is established, and particularly with no regard whatever to accidents of race, creed, or sex. TABLE OF CONTENTS 4·BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 7·FOUNDERS, TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE BOARD AND OF THE CORPORATION 10 · ADMINISTRATION 12 · PRESENT AND PAST DIRECTORS AND FACULTY 15 · REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN 20 · REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 24 · OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR - RECORD OF EVENTS 31 · ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 43 · REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES 61 · REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS 81 · REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES 107 · REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE 119 · REPORT OF THE SPECIAL PROGRAMS 139 · REPORT OF THE INSTITUTE LIBRARIES 143 · INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 3 INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Institute for Advanced Study was founded in 1930 with a major gift from New Jer- sey businessman and philanthropist Louis Bamberger and his sister, Mrs. -
Studies in Field Theories: Mhv Vertices, Twistor Space, Recursion Relations and Chiral Rings
STUDIES IN FIELD THEORIES: MHV VERTICES, TWISTOR SPACE, RECURSION RELATIONS AND CHIRAL RINGS Peter Svr·cek Advisor: Edward Witten A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY RECOMMENDED FOR ACCEPTANCE BY THE DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS April 2005 Copyright °c 2005 by Peter Svr·cek All rights reserved. ii Abstract In this thesis we study di®erent aspects of four dimensional ¯eld theories. In the ¯rst chapter we give introduction and overview of the thesis. In the second chapter we review the connection between perturbative Yang-Mills and twistor string the- ory. Inspired by this, we propose a new way of constructing Yang-Mills scattering amplitudes from Feynman graphs in which the vertices are o®-shell continuations of the tree level MHV amplitudes. The MHV diagrams lead to simple formulas for tree-level amplitudes. We then give a heuristic derivation of the diagrams from twistor string theory. In the third chapter, we explore the twistor structure of scattering amplitudes in theories for which a twistor string theory analogous to the one for N = 4 gauge theory has not yet been proposed. We study the di®erential equations of one-loop amplitudes of gluons in gauge theories with reduced supersymmetry and of tree level and one-loop amplitudes of gravitons in general relativity and supergravity. We ¯nd that the scattering amplitudes localize in twistor space on algebraic curves that are surprisingly similar to the N = 4 Yang-Mills case. In the next chapter we propose tree-level recursion relations for scattering am- plitudes of gravitons. -
Ift Annual Report
BR98S0288 Instituto de Fisica Teorica IFT Universidade Estadual Paulista ANNUAL REPORT 1997 29-40 Instituto de Fisica Teorica Universidade Estadual Paulista ANNUAL REPORT 1997 INSTITUTO DE FISICA TEORICA DIRECTOR UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA JOSE GERALDO PEREIRA RUA PAMPLONA, 145 01405-900 — SAO PAULO VICE-DIRECTOR BRASIL SERGIO FERRAZ NOVAES TEL: 55 (11) 251-5155 FAX: 55 (11) 288-8224 RESEARCH COORDINATOR E-MAIL: [email protected] ROBERTO ANDRE KRAENKEL WEB SITE: HTTP://WWW.IFT.UNESP.BR NEXT PAQE(S) left BLANK Contents 1 General Overview 1 1.1 Brief History 1 1.2 Research Facilities 1 1.2.1 Library 1 1.2.2 Computing Facilities 1 1.3 Main Lines of Research 2 1.3.1 Field Theory 2 1.3.2 Elementary Particle Physics 2 1.3.3 Nuclear Physics 2 1.3.4 Gravitation and Cosmology 2 1.3.5 Mathematical Methods in Physics 2 1.3.6 Non-linear Phenomena 2 1.3.7 Statistical Mechanics 2 1.3.8 Atomic Physics 3 2 Personnel 4 2.1 Faculty 4 2.2 Associate and Postdoctoral Researchers 5 2.3 Visiting Scientists 5 2.4 Staff 6 3 Teaching Activities 7 3.1 Students 7 3.2 Courses 7 3.2.1 First Semester 7 3.2.2 Second Semester 7 3.3 Thesis 8 4 Research Activities 9 4.1 Colloquia and Seminars 9 4.1.1 International 9 4.1.2 National 10 4.2 Research Publications 11 4.2.1 Published Papers 11 4.3 Preprints , 17 1 General Overview 1.1 Brief History The Institute* de Fi'sica Teorica (IFT) was created in 1951 as a Foundation, under the leadership of Jose Hugo Leal Ferreira. -
Mass Gaps and Braneworlds--In Memory of Peter Freund
Mass gaps and braneworlds In Memory of Peter Freund K.S. Stelle1 The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ Abstract Remembering the foundational contributions of Peter Freund to supergravity, and es- pecially to the problems of dimensional compactification, reduction is considered with a non-compact space transverse to the lower dimensional theory. The known problem of a continuum of Kaluza-Klein states is avoided here by the occurrence of a mass gap between a single normalizable zero-eigenvalue transverse wavefunction and the edge of the transverse state continuum. This style of reduction does not yield a formally consistent truncation to the lower dimensional theory, so developing the lower-dimensional effective theory requires integrating out the Kaluza-Klein states lying above the mass gap. Memories of Peter Freund It is with great fondness that I think back to all the various interactions that I had with Peter Freund throughout my career. Of course, there are the many shared interests in physics, especially in supersymmetry, nonabelian gauge theories of all sorts, dimensional reduction and string theory. But there are also the episodes, and especially the story telling about episodes, at which Peter was a world master. One could not say that Peter was generally softly spoken. One of my earliest memories of Peter was at an Institute for Theoretical Physics workshop at the University of California at Santa Barbara back in 1986. Peter was giving a seminar, and, as usual, electronic amplification was hardly needed for him. However, one of our senior colleagues (who shall remain nameless) was sitting in arXiv:2004.00965v1 [hep-th] 2 Apr 2020 the front row and was actually managing to sleep during Peter's seminar. -
'Vague, but Exciting'
I n t e r n at I o n a l Jo u r n a l o f HI g H -en e r g y PH y s I c s CERN COURIERV o l u m e 49 nu m b e r 4 ma y 2009 ‘Vague, but exciting’ ACCELERATORS COSMIC RAYS COLLABORATIONS FFAGs enter the era of PAMELA finds a ATLAS makes a smooth applications p5 positron excess p12 changeover at the top p31 CCMay09Cover.indd 1 14/4/09 09:44:43 CONTENTS Covering current developments in high- energy physics and related fields worldwide CERN Courier is distributed to member-state governments, institutes and laboratories affiliated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly, except for January and August. The views expressed are not necessarily those of the CERN management. Editor Christine Sutton Editorial assistant Carolyn Lee CERN CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail [email protected] Fax +41 (0) 22 785 0247 Web cerncourier.com Advisory board James Gillies, Rolf Landua and Maximilian Metzger COURIERo l u m e u m b e r a y Laboratory correspondents: V 49 N 4 m 2009 Argonne National Laboratory (US) Cosmas Zachos Brookhaven National Laboratory (US) P Yamin Cornell University (US) D G Cassel DESY Laboratory (Germany) Ilka Flegel, Ute Wilhelmsen EMFCSC (Italy) Anna Cavallini Enrico Fermi Centre (Italy) Guido Piragino Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US) Judy Jackson Forschungszentrum Jülich (Germany) Markus Buescher GSI Darmstadt (Germany) I Peter IHEP, Beijing (China) Tongzhou Xu IHEP, Serpukhov (Russia) Yu Ryabov INFN (Italy) Romeo Bassoli Jefferson Laboratory (US) Steven Corneliussen JINR Dubna (Russia) B Starchenko KEK National Laboratory (Japan) Youhei Morita Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (US) Spencer Klein Seeing beam once again p6 Dirac was right about antimatter p15 A new side to Peter Higgs p36 Los Alamos National Laboratory (US) C Hoffmann NIKHEF Laboratory (Netherlands) Paul de Jong Novosibirsk Institute (Russia) S Eidelman News 5 NCSL (US) Geoff Koch Orsay Laboratory (France) Anne-Marie Lutz FFAGs enter the applications era.