Foundation Document Overview, George Rogers Clark National
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Foundation Document, George Rogers
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document George Rogers Clark National Historical Park Indiana July 2014 Foundation Document George Rogers Clark National Historical Park and Related Heritage Sites in Vincennes, Indiana S O I Lincoln Memorial Bridge N R I L L I E I V Chestnut Street R H A S Site of A B VINCENNES Buffalo Trace W UNIVERSITY Short Street Ford et GEORGE ROGERS CLARK e r t S Grouseland NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK t A 4 Home of William Henry Harrison N ot A levard c I Bou S Parke Stree t Francis Vigo Statue N D rtson I Culbe Elihu Stout Print Shop Indiana Territory Capitol 5 Vincennes State Memorial t e Historic Sites ue n Building North 1st Street re t e e v S et u n A Parking 3 Old French House tre s eh ve s S li A Cemetery m n po o e 2 Old State Bank cu Visitor Center s g e ri T e ana l State Historic Site i ar H Col Ind 7 t To t South 2nd Street e e Fort Knox II State Historic Site ee r Father Pierre Gibault Statue r treet t t North 3rd S 1 S and 8 Ouabache (Wabash) Trails Park Old Cathedral Complex Ma (turn left on Niblack, then right on Oliphant, t r Se Pe then left on Fort Knox Road) i B low S n B Bus un m il rr r Ha o N Du Barnett Street Church Street i Vigo S y t na W adway S s i in c tre er North St 4t boi h Street h r y o o S Street r n l e et s eet a t Stree Stre t e re s Stree r To 41 south Stre et reet To 6 t t reet t S et et Sugar Loaf Prehistoric t by St t t et o North 5th Stre Indian Mound Sc Shel (turn left on Washington Avenue, then right on Wabash Avenue) North 0 0.1 0.2 Kilometer -
Some Perspectives on Its Purpose from Published Accounts Preston E
SOME PERSPECTIVES ON ITS PURPOSE FROM PUBLISHED ACCOUNTS PRESTON E. PIERCE ONTARIO COUNTY HISTORIAN DEPARTMENT OF RECORDS, ARCHIVES AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ERVICES CANANDAIGUA, NEW YORK 2019 (REPRINTED, UPDATED, AND REVISED 2005, 1985) 1 Front cover image: Sullivan monument erected at the entrance to City Pier on Lake Shore Drive, Canandaigua. Sullivan-Clinton Sesquicentennial Commission, 1929. Bronze tablet was a common feature of all monuments erected by the Commission. Image from original postcard negative, circa 1929, in possession of the author. Above: Sullivan-Clinton Sesquicentennial Commission tablet erected at Kashong (Yates County), Rt. 14, south of Geneva near the Ontario County boundary. 1929. Image by the author. 2004 2 Gen. John Sullivan. Image from Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution. v. I. 1860. p. 272. 3 Sullivan-Clinton Campaign monument (front and back) erected in 1929 in Honeoye. Moved several times, it commemorates the location of Ft. Cummings, a temporary base established by Sullivan as he began the final leg of his march to the Genesee River. Images by the author. Forward 4 1979 marked the 200th anniversary of the Sullivan-Clinton expedition against those Iroquois nations that allied themselves with Britain and the Loyalists during the American Revolution. It is a little-understood (more often misunderstood) military incursion with diplomatic, economic, and decided geo-political consequences. Unfortunately, most people, including most municipal historians, know little about the expedition beyond what is recorded on roadside markers. In 1929, during the sesquicentennial celebrations of the American Revolution, the states of New York and Pennsylvania established a special commission that produced a booklet, sponsored local pageants, and erected many commemorative tablets in both states. -
George Rogers Clark
GPO 1982-361-813/122 Repr.nt 1980 ADMINISTRATION George The George Rogers Clark Memorial, on the site THE MEMORIAL George Rogers Clark National Historical Park is of old Fort Sack ville in Vincennes, Ind., commemo Architects for the Clark Memorial were Hirons administered by the National Park Service, U.S. Rogers rates the George Rogers Clark expedition of 1778- & Mellor of New York; the grounds were land Department of the Interior. A park manager, 79 and its decisive consequences on the winning scaped by Bennet, Parsons & Frost of Chicago. whose address is Vincennes, IN 47591, is in im Clark of the Old Northwest. Near the memorial the white- The murals inside the memorial were painted by Ezra Winter, and Hermon A. MacNeil sculptured mediate charge. NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK • INDIANA spired St. Francis Xavier Church is a prominent reminder of French Catholic religious roots that the bronze statue of Clark. The memorial was As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the were as important to the beginnings of the Ameri dedicated by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt Department of the Interior has basic responsibili can Nation as the Protestant energies behind in 1936 and became a unit of the Indiana Depart ties to protect and conserve our land and water, English expansion across the Appalachians. At ment of Conservation four years later. In 1966 energy and minerals, fish and wildlife, park and the other end of town, the Territorial Capitol and Congress made the memorial a part of the Na recreation areas, and for the wise use of all those Governor's House, and the Printing Office, where tional Park System. -
The War Moves West and Se.Uth \Lmif1ml~
The War Moves West and Se.uth \lmif1Ml~ ..... ..: : How did fighting in the : West and South affect : the course of the American Diar!1 : Revolutionary War? . .. .. .. A brave Mohawk war chief Joseph Brant, Reading Guide blended Native American and British Content Vocabulary blockade (p. 170) ways. Brant however, spoke strongly on privateer (p. 170) behalf ofhis people. On a 1776 visit to guerrilla warfare (p. 172) London, he said the Mohawks have Academic Vocabulary impact (p. 171) sustain (p. 173) "[shown] their zeal and loyalty to the Key People and Events ... King; yet they have been very Joseph Brant (p. 169) badly treated by his people . ... George Rogers Clark (p. 169) John Paul Jones (p. 170) Indeed, it is very hard when we Battle of Moore's Creek (p. 171) have let the King's subjects have so General Charles Cornwallis (p. 171) Francis Marion (p. 172) much ofour lands ... [and] they Nathanael Greene (p. 173) should want to cheat us." Reading Strategy Taking Notes As you read, use a -joseph Brant, speech, March 14, 1776 diagram like the one below to analyze how the Americans responded to the British naval blockade. Response to British Naval Blockade War in the West Henry Hamilton, British commander at Detroit, was called the "hair buyer." He l ~ mtjlm¥1 The British, along with their Native earned this nickname because he paid Native American allies, led attacks against settlers in the Americans for settlers' scalps. West. Victory at Vincennes History and You Do you have a nickname? If so, how did you get it? Read to learn the nickname of George Rogers Clark, a lieutenant colo Henry Hamilton, the British commander at Detroit. -
Clak's Mictory-At Vincennes. Supplemen
eACommemora ive History áf the George Rogers Llark Bicentennial Exhibit. .Indiana Sbate Muteus Society, Inc.,'Indiamapolisl.:- 'Ibdiana Americat:levoIUtion Bithentennial Commission,.. IndianaPolis.i Lilly Eudomment,'-Inc., Indianapolis,.. '-.Ind,.4/.141ationallnAOMment7for-the''Arts, _Washington, -:c-f-Wri.-tiOnatlii4bitlentHfor-the-human es(MPAR)--, Washin4ton,_ 76: 6013.-; All pictures wi_ ouCcap. i.onSibave been removed .fron tbedocnm4nt before being-sUbtitted tc0DRSI or a related document, see. sO .010. 02R .peorge RogerS Clark txhibit, Indiana-.statp museum .86ciety,,..Inc.', 202 -North Alabasa'Street, .Indiapapolis, I4iiana 4620Lt ($0.87 Plus postage, paPer cover) ETAS. PRICE .i4F-$0,..R3 Plus PoStage FIC,Not Available -from -EDRS. 'DESCRIPTORS 'BOgraphiest,.*Educatiorial Tacilitiesl:Elenentary_. Secondary -EducationI'*EihibitsMuseilms; -*RevolutIonary War .(United States); *0nited States .-Histary. IDENTIFI1RS :-*Bicentennial;-Clark (Geo-rgeRcogers).-. ABSTRACT 'This pamphlet pro ides an illustrated'narrative histo'ry of the George Rogers Clark Bicentennial Exhibit at the IndianalState Museum.,Gedrge,Eogers elark was a frontier hero of the American Revolution who explored and-conquered ternitory in Kentucky, Ohio,. and Mine/is. TWO multimPdia exhibit is open to the public from February 25,' 1976 through February 25, 1979, the 200th anniversary of Clak's mictory-at Vincennes. Supplemented by several auxiliary displays and clAnging exhibits, the story is 'told in two major galleries.'It follows Ckark from his boyhood in Virginia, through his early years in Xentucky, and finklly'his return to Williamsbarg_where received secret orders to attack the British .outposts tin the Old orthitest. The paMphlet combines the biographical story of Clark's xPeditions with photos and sketches of his military equipment, lothiAg, and significant events in his life. -
Francis Vigo Papers, 1751-1873
Collection # M 0289 OM 0060 F 0655-0657 FRANCIS VIGO PAPERS, 1751–1873 Collection Information Biographical Sketch Scope and Content Note Series Contents Cataloging Information Processed by Paul Brockman 1 December 1999 Revised 27 June 2003 Manuscript and Visual Collections Department William Henry Smith Memorial Library Indiana Historical Society 450 West Ohio Street Indianapolis, IN 46202-3269 www.indianahistory.org COLLECTION INFORMATION VOLUME OF 3 boxes, 2 oversize folders, 3 reels of microfilm COLLECTION: COLLECTION Inclusive 1751-1873, bulk 1783-1820 DATES: PROVENANCE: Francis Vigo Chapter, D.A.R., Vincennes, Indiana, June, 1949. RESTRICTIONS: None COPYRIGHT: REPRODUCTION Permission to reproduce or publish material in this collection RIGHTS: must be obtained from the Indiana Historical Society. ALTERNATE Microfilm FORMATS: RELATED Northwest Territory Collection (M 0367) HOLDINGS: ACCESSION 1949.0642 NUMBER: NOTES: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Joseph Maria Francesco Vigo (1747?-1836) was born in Mondovi, Italy and served with the Spanish Army in New Orleans. In 1772 he established a fur trading business in St. Louis and in 1778 he was engaged in a secret business partnership with the Spanish lieutenant governor, Fernando de Leyba. During the American Revolution Vigo provided financial assistance and intelligence information to George Rogers Clark and was instrumental in the capture of Vincennes in 1779. In 1783 Vigo moved to Vincennes and operated a fur trading business being associated with the Miami Company and Todd, McGill & Company during the 1780s. In the 1790s Vigo traded with American merchants on the East Coast. He also served as a colonel in the Knox County Militia from 1790-1810 and assisted Anthony Wayne and William Henry Harrison in negotiations with the Native Americans. -
8Th Unit 3 – Notes: Chapter 4.3 I
8th Unit 3 – Notes: Chapter 4.3 I. Fighting in the West 1. The Revolutionary War was a great interest to many Native American groups living in and around the 13 states. a. Some Native Americans helped the Patriots, but more sided with the British. 2. West of the Appalachian Mountains, the British and their Native American allies raided American settlements. a. Mohawk war chief, Joseph Brant, led many brutal attacked in southwestern New York and northern Pennsylvania. b. Farther west, Henry Hamilton, British commander at Detroit, paid Native Americans for settlers’ scalps. His nickname was the “hair buyer.” 3. Virginia militia leader George Rogers Clark set out to end attacks in the West. a. In July 1778, Clark led a force of 175 westward down the Ohio River. 4. Patriots captured a British post at Kaskaskia (present day Illinois). a. Also captured the British town of Vincennes (present day Indiana), but was recaptured by Clark in December. b. Clark’s victory strengthened the American position in the West. II. The War at Sea 1. The Revolutionary War took place at sea. 2. Great Britain had a powerful navy which gave them a big advantage. a. British vessels formed blockades keeping ships from entering or leaving American harbors. b. The blockade limited delivery of supplies and troops to Patriot forces. A. Privateers 1. Congress ordered 13 warships, but only two of the ships made it to sea. a. Several capture by the British. b. American navy too week to operate well. 2. Congress authorized 2,000 ships to sail as privateers. -
The British Version of Lochry™S Defeat
THE BRITISH VERSION OF LOCHRY'S DEFEAT by C. J. MAURER In the closing months of the Revolutionary War and seven years before John Filson and his party were looking over the ground of what was soon to become the infant town site of Cin- cinnati, a tragedy was enacted on the banks of the Ohio River near the point where Aurora, Indiana, is now located. The story of Colonel Lochry's defeat and massacre, August 24, 1781, has been told, and is pretty well known in its slightly different Ameri- can versions, but the British accounts as revealed in letters and documents in the Canadian archives and the Library of Congress, present some features of the story that are not so familiar and hence have interest for us today.* The Ohio has rightly been called a river of destiny. No history or set of histories has ever been able to capture all the stories of war and intrigue that have occurred on or near this great river. Destiny has reserved this important valley for its eventual place in the sun as one of the greatest industrial regions of America. Many prospective settlers and early travelers just disappeared, and history can only guess at the total number of people who lost their lives in this now populous region because of their eager desire to see and acquire property in the promised land. But to get on with our story. Just to keep the record straight, it should be kept in mind that General George Rogers Clark, during the summer of 1781, made another effort to raise troops to defend the Kentucky settlements. -
Colonel Daniel Brodhead and the Lure of Detroit
COLONEL DANIEL BRODHEAD AND THE LURE OF DETROIT BY JOHN C. APPEL' OR most of this three-year assignment in western Pennsyl- Fvania (1778-1781) Colonel Daniel Brodhead was the com- mandant of Fort Pitt in charge of the Continental Army's war effort in the Western section.' The top priority and ultimate objective of Brodhead's military strategy was to "reduce Detroit." The Continental Congress, its Board of War, and the commander- in-chief, General George Washington, had concurred in those instructions to the commandant at Fort Pitt. From the time he arrived on the frontier in September, 1778, until he departed in September, 1781, Colonel Brodhead focused on that British post three hundred miles away as a guiding star-a veritable lure. In the light of that objective, the commandant measured the adequacy of his resources-manpower, provisions, munitions-at Fort Pitt; he cultivated his Indian relations with a view to mak- ing the route to Detroit safe and winning Indian support for his campaign. Colonel Brodhead's major intelligence efforts were directed at obtaining an understanding of the strength and lay- out of the British position at Detroit. Historians have generally overlooked or minimized Daniel Brodhead's place in the Revolutionary War strategy. They have *The author is a Professor of History at East Stroudsburg State College. 'Daniel Brodhead, a Berks County farmer and grist miller, and Penn- sylvania deputy surveyor, had joined the early protest movement against England's Coercive Acts in 1774-1775; in 1776 the entered Pennsylvania's military service as a lieutenant colonel. -
A Field Guide Not to the Join NWTA Us?
Why A Field Guide not to the join NWTA us? Revolutionary War reenacting is a fun, exciting and educational hobby in which the entire family may participate. If you and your family are interested in joining an NWTA unit, talk to some people around camp, they will be more than happy to answer questions. Check out our website, www.nwta.com for more information about our organization, our units and our event schedule and locations. Or contact the Loyal Irish Volunteer Recruit- ing Coordinator or the Adjutant to find out more about joining our organization. Recruiting: [email protected] Membership: [email protected] A Field Guide to The NWTA © 2014 North West Territory Alliance The North West Territory Alliance No reproduction without prior written permission Contact the Adjutant Recreating the American Revolution [email protected] www.nwta.com 1775-1783 28 18th century warfare is thought by many to be a sluggish, slow-moving affair Welcome to The NWTA where armies moved in great masses and prevailed over each other with enor- mous casualties. In fact, the maneuvers and drills used by 18th century armies The North West Territory Alliance is a non-profit educational organization that were designed to operate at maximum speed of horses and men on the battlefield. studies and recreates the culture and arts of the time of the American Revolution, Maintaining orderly formations was important to allow the most effective use of 1775-1783. We strive to duplicate the uniforms, weapons, battlefield tactics, the main infantry weapons — the musket, bayonet and cannon — for maximum camp life and civilian life of the time as accurately as possible. -
A British Fort Far from the Center of Fighting George Rogers Clark And
Battle of Vincennes Reading Comprehension Name_______________________ A British Fort Far from the Center of Fighting Fort Vincennes was a British fort located on what now is the border of Indiana and Illinois, along the Wabash River. At the time, it was in what was called the Northwest Territory, far from most of the fighting in the Revolutionary War. The English had initially built in during the French and Indian War. The fort was square in shape and defended on several sides by blockhouses: towers made of thick timbers and musket-proof, equipped with a cannon. In early 1779, a new lieutenant governor named Henry Hamilton came to the region. Hamilton decided to reinforce the fort with new defenses, making it even more impenetrable. George Rogers Clark and the Miserable March to Vincennes The Americans knew they needed to strike the fort before the reinforcements were completed and the site became even harder to conquer. The man chosen for the job was Lieutenant Colonel George Rogers Clark, who was stationed 180 miles west of Fort Vincennes in Kaskaskia. Clark left Kaskaskia on February 6, 1779, with 172 American and French soldiers. The trip to Vincennes was very challenging during the winter, as the wet conditions forced the soldiers to wade through cold standing water and drained much of their food. The group reached the town of Vincennes on February 23. Many of the townspeople were American sympathizers who kept the invasion quiet so that Clark and his men could take the British by surprise. Surprise Attack The day of the attack, Hamilton didn't realize that the Americans had arrived until he heard them firing on the fort. -
Harlow Lindley Collection, 1790-1914
Indiana Historical Society - Manuscripts and Archives Department HARLOW LINDLEY COLLECTION, 1790-1914 Collection #'s M 0186 OM 0302 Table of contents Collection Information Biographical Sketches Scope and Content Note Box and Folder List Cataloging Information Processed by Charles Latham, jr.1985 Reprocessed Alexandra S. Gressitt February 1998 COLLECTION INFORMATION VOLUME OF 1-1/2 manuscript boxes, 2 oversize folders COLLECTION: COLLECTION DATES: 1790-1926 PROVENANCE: Acquired from Ernest Wessen, Midland Rare Book Company, Mansfield, Ohio, 1948 RESTRICTIONS: None REPRODUCTION Permission to reproduce or publish material in this collection RIGHTS: must be obtained in writing from the Indiana Historical Society. ALTERNATE FORMATS: None OTHER FINDING AIDS: None RELATED HOLDINGS: ACCESSION NUMBER: 1948.0003 NOTES: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES Harlow Lindley (1875-1959), a native of Sylvania, Parke County, Indiana, did undergraduate and graduate work at Earlham College, and taught in the history department, 1899 to 1928. From 1903 to 1924 he also served as part-time director of the Department of History and Archeology at the Indiana State Library, and in 1923-1924 he was director of the Indiana Historical Commission. In 1929 he moved to Ohio, to become curator of history of the Ohio State Archeological and Historical Society in Columbus. In 1934, he became Secretary of the Society, a position he held until his retirement in 1946. Among his works are A Century of Quakerism in Indiana, The Ordinance of 1787 and the Old Northwest Territory, and Indiana As Seen By Early Travellers. Charles Warren Fairbanks (1852-1918) was born near Unionville, Ohio, and attended Ohio Wesleyan University. Admitted to the bar in 1874, he moved to Indianapolis and began a legal career representing railroads.