University of Exeter, Camborne School of Mines Cornwall Peer Review visit Background materials Frances Wall, [email protected] Kathy Hicks, Nathan Cudmore 1 Cornwall – a county in England Regional authority: Cornwall Council Economic strategy driven by: Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Local Enterprise Partnership England REMIX partner: Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter http://www.myenglandtravel.com/maps-of-England/england-counties-maps.html 2 Image of Cornwall? 3 https://www.visitcornwall.com/ But Cornwall is a ‘poor’ region in Europe More stats at: https://www.cornwall.gov.uk/council-and-democracy/data-and-research/national-sources-of-data/ 4 Cornwall - Post-Mining Camborne-Redruth mining district c. 1900 Hundreds of tin (and previously copper) mines have reduced to none today. There was little/no investment in alternative industries at the time of the main reduction in mining 5 Cornwall today • Economically, Cornwall is still heavily dependent on agriculture and tourism as the two main sectors. • Tourism reportedly contributes about 24 % of Cornwall’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), supporting around one in five jobs. • Connectivity and the installation of superfast broadband has helped Cornwall develop over the past five years. Cornwall has a growing number of digital technology businesses, with growth in this area being one of the highest rates in the country. • https://www.cornwall.gov.uk/business/economic- development/economic-intelligence/ 6 Cornwall: a brief description (2015)... Population and Settlements Cornwall’s population is growing butgrowth Population isn’t consistentacross all areas of Cornwall 20% are under18 Cornwall is the second largest local authority area inthe South 1 56% aged19-64 697km 24% are 65 orover West region, covering an area of 3,559 sq. km, and has the is the lengthof 545,351 longest coastline of all English counties at 697 km. It is an area Cornwall’s Over of the of many contrasts; with varied landscapes including remote coastline 40% Population density is one of the lowest in rural, coastal and environmentally sensitive areas, interspersed population living insettlements 3 the England at 1.5 persons per hectare with villages and historic market towns; where affluence sit’s historic markettowns of less than 3,000 population alongside some of the most disadvantaged areas in England Population likely to increase by In-migration is predominately for economic and lifestyle reasons, over 30% 18% not retirementpurposes Cornwall is the of Cornwall is over 25 years2 40% second largest local within an Area of Outstanding of the population living authority area in the NaturalBeauty in settlements of less South Westregion 3,559 Deprivation than 3000people is the area of Cornwall Around68,600 remoterural in square kilometres Deprivation is apersistent people (12.7% of thepopulation coastline problem -Cornwall as of Cornwall) live in the 20% 15.9% of children environmentally a whole is not deprived most ‘deprived’ communities in Cornwall live in lowincome 4 sensitive areas but there are areas where in England . This equates to families5 there are very high levels of approx. 34,400 households 230,400 deprivation and this has not households villages changed for some years Hidden rural deprivation is not identified by national measures dueto the dispersed nature of rural population Households and Housing 6% living in shared accommodation7 Health and Wellbeing Average life Housing need inCornwall 9% expectancy Forone in ten is high with housing aresingle 55% Health inequalities continue continues to be residents (53,166 people) say their unaffordable for many parents are couples living in areas of deprivation - generally higher day to day activities are‘limited Households together higher rates of obesity,teenage than thenational a lot’ due to a long term health 30% with only 7 pregnancy and levels of average problem or being disabled one person There are around sickness and disability benefit Over claimants are closely linked to 2014 average house price 9,000 areas where there is known (63,192 people) new registrations 11.9% 230,400 £194,000 inequality residents provide unpaid care to a households6 with an average on theCornwall family member, friend or neighbour7 household size of2.27 persons Homechoice Register per Over 10x the average (median) year, indicating increasing Cornwall has income of £18,35488. The Cornwall demand9 Large number of peoplewith one of the people Cancer, respiratory average does however, mask large 7,002 mental health needs, aswell highest rates In 2013 approximately disease, musculo- variations across communities as a large number of people skeletal problems in thecountry admitted tohospital for alcohol- at increased risk of mental and cardiovascular of rough 34,998 (14%) of related conditions / 1,218 per sleeping households in Cornwall were healthproblems disease, cause the per headof 8,800 100,000 population (2013/14)11 9 10 majority of deaths population live in communal establishments (1.7%)7 calculated to be in fuelpoverty 7 Cornwall: a brief description (2015)... Environment Crime and Disorder Transport Cornwall’senvironmental Crime in Cornwall is generally low andis asafe place Cornwall’s geographical shape and position make assets are extremely 60% in which to live andwork – despite rises in some areas, infrastructure delivery challenging -Dispersed andsparsely valuable - and are a key of C02emissions crime in Cornwall continues to be low, although fear of populated settlement pattern combined with Cornwall’s contributor to the economy crime remains anissue coastline present issues of accessibility and challenges for and quality oflife Emissions from housing equal provision of services and transport account for Cornwall experiences over 60% ofC02 emissions12 seasonalfluctuations – 33% is from domestic fuel incrime with more Overall16% consumption (electricity, gas offences in the summer Over68% of cars in of crime is recordedas Cornwall are over 6 years old20 and other fuels) and over a months and fewerin 17 of Cornwall is alcohol related 30% quarter (29%) bytransport winter17 Car ownership in Cornwallis reflecting the fact thatfor within an Area of Outstanding not a sign of wealth– high many the car is anexpensive NaturalBeauty proportions of carownership necessity rather than aluxury. Cornwall has a Each year the reflects Cornwall’s ruralnature diverse maritime 5,600x fire and rescue where conventional public households have environment and has service respond to transport is often not viable. 28,000 been assessed as at a number of natureand Violence (including 999 more than 5,600 64% of 18 risk from flooding landscape conservationarea Domestic Abuse crimes) emergency calls people inemployment designations and Sexual Offences are travel to work bycar higher than other similar areas andincreasing. Consequences of these In 2014 there were1,309 3% use Cornwall has thelargest crimes are far-reaching and road traffic injury collisionsin 17.3% ofhouseholds public transport7 World Heritage Site in UK long-lasting17 Cornwall19 do nothave access to a car7 Labour Market and Economy References 1. 2014 Mid Year Population Estimates, ONS, 2. 2014 based population projections,ONS, 3. Mid-2014 Population Estimates for Census Output Areas, ONS, 4. Indices of Multiple 13.3% of residents aged 16 to 64 Deprivation 2015, DCLG, 5. Personal tax credits: Children in low-income families’ local Strengthening Cornwall’s economy is an (43,110 people) were claiming key measure: 2013 snapshot as at 31 August 2013, HMRC, 6. Council Tax Database, Cornwall ongoing challenge – low economic output(per out of work benefits compared to Council, Sept 2015 7. 2011 Census, ONS, 8. Housing Statistics Portal, Housing Summary capita), low wages, low productivity, a lack ofbig Measures, 5 Aug 2015, ONS 9. Cornwall Strategic Housing Framework, Evidence base, 06 12.1% in England and 10.9% in companies have been persistentchallenges 13.3% March 2014. 10. 2013 sub-regional fuel poverty data: low income high costs indicator, the SouthWest15 DECC 11. Local Alcohol Profiles for England, PHE, June 2015 12.UK local authority and regional carbon dioxide emissions national statistics: 2005-2013, DECC 13. ONS Annual Population Survey, Jan 2014- Dec 2014 14. ONS Annual Population Survey, Jan 2014- Dec 2014 15. Benefit claimants - working age client group, February 2015, ONS Crown Copyright Reserved [from Nomis on 21 October 2015] 16. Inter Departmental Business Cornwall has low Register (ONS), UK Business Counts 2015, workplaces, 17. Safer Cornwall Strategic Assessment 18. Cornwall Fire and Rescue Service, Risk Based Evidence Profile, 2014 numbers of people 19. Road Safety – Accidents 2014,DFT 20. Vehicles licensed by body type in Cornwall without qualifications13 Unitary Authority as at 30 June2015, DFT 33% (6%), and low numbers 97% of 23% withNVQ4 (but growing) with high Businesses in Cornwall are, on our businesses and above level qualifications13. average, smaller in terms of were small or micro Further details There are also high employee numbers thanthe level, employing 23% in employment are levels of part-time nationalaverage. less than ten self-employed; above the Further statistical profiles of areas across 13 employment14(31%) people in201516 national average(14%) Cornwall are available via ourwebsite. To access these please go to: http://www.cornwall.gov.uk/jsna 8 2014-2020 Less Developed region • 64% EU average (2011) • C.€590m ERDF & ESF • Peripheral location • Sparsely populated • Declining heavy