Cloud Gaming Games As a Service
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Subjective Quality Assessment for Cloud Gaming
Article Subjective Quality Assessment for Cloud Gaming Abdul Wahab 1,* , Nafi Ahmad 1 , Maria G. Martini 2 and John Schormans 1 1 School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK; Nafi[email protected] (N.A.); [email protected] (J.S.) 2 School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Kingston University, River House, 53-57 High Street, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 1LQ, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Using subjective testing, we study the effect of the network parameters, delay and packet loss ratio, on the QoE of cloud gaming. We studied three different games, selected based on genre, popularity, content complexity and pace, and tested them in a controlled network environment, using a novel emulator to create realistic lognormal delay distributions instead of relying on a static mean delay, as used previously; we also used Parsec as a good representative of the state of the art. We captured user ratings on an ordinal Absolute Category Rating scale for three quality dimensions: Video QoE, Game-Playability QoE, and Overall QoE. We show that Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) for the game with the highest levels of content complexity and pace are most severely affected by network impairments. We also show that the QoE of interactive cloud applications rely more on the game playability than the video quality of the game. Unlike earlier studies, the differences in MOS are validated using the distributions of the underlying dimensions. A Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test showed that the distributions of Video QoE and Game Playability QoE are not significantly different. -
Video Games Review DRAFT5-16
Video Games: History, Technology, Industry, and Research Agendas Table of Contents I. Overview ....................................................................................................................... 1 II. Video Game History .................................................................................................. 7 III. Academic Approaches to Video Games ................................................................. 9 1) Game Studies ....................................................................................................................... 9 2) Video Game Taxonomy .................................................................................................... 11 IV. Current Status ........................................................................................................ 12 1) Arcade Games ................................................................................................................... 12 2) Console Games .................................................................................................................. 13 3) PC Standalone Games ...................................................................................................... 14 4) Online Games .................................................................................................................... 15 5) Mobile Games .................................................................................................................... 16 V. Recent Trends .......................................................................................................... -
Mobile Gaming Playbook
MOBILE GAMING PLAYBOOK BEST PRACTICES FOR MARKETING AND MONETIZING MOBILE GAMES Nadeem Almoayyed ([email protected]) https://www.linkedin.com/in/nadeemalmoayyed/ Kathy Liao ([email protected]) https://www.linkedin.com/in/liaokathy/ Ivan Zakharov ([email protected]) https://www.linkedin.com/in/ivan-zakharov-vc TUCK CENTER FOR DIGITAL STRATEGIES PAGEPAGE 01 01 PRISMA INC . TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 MARKETING 3 Importance of Soft Launches 4 Measuring Marketing Success 6 Creative Assets: In-House vs Outside Agency 8 Customer Segmentation 9 Advertising Optimization 11 CRM: Customer Relationship Management System 12 Influencer Marketing 13 Offline Attribution 15 MANAGING IP 1 6 ( INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ) BUSINESS MODELS IN AAA 1 9 GAMING Evolution of Monetization in Gaming 19 How the Subscription World Looks Today 21 What Mobile Can Learn from AAA around Subscriptions 22 Subscription Platforms 23 What Works and What Doesn't in Subscription Platforms 25 What Should Mobile Game Developers Do? 27 FINANCING AND PRICING 2 8 STRATEGY Game Development Cost Trends 28 Key Pricing Trends 29 THETUCK CENTER CENTERTUCK CENTERFOR FOR DIGITAL DIGITAL FOR DIGITALSTRATEGIES STRATEGIES STRATEGIES PAGEPAGE 0402 02 INTRODUCTION As mobile technology improves and mobile phone penetration increases around the world, mobile games have seen their popularity increase over the years. The mobile game industry is currently worth $68.5B, and many of the largest gaming companies are investing heavily in the space. Activision acquired King Digital Entertainment several years ago to solidify its position in the mobile gaming space, Blizzard has invested heavily in Hearthstone’s mobile presence, and Riot Games is developing a mobile version of its hugely popular League of Legends IP due out in 2020. -
OFFLINE GAMING VS CLOUD GAMING (ONLINE GAMING) Mr
ISSN: 0974-3308, VOL. 11, NO. 2 DECEMBER 2018 @ SRIMCA 99 OFFLINE GAMING VS CLOUD GAMING (ONLINE GAMING) Mr. Amit Khatri Abstract—Games has always been a major source of entertainment in every generation and so exiting their history is, because it has various factor involved like Video Games Industry and various generations of video games. Due to improvements in graphics, a revolution has occurred in computer games. Storage for Video Games has always been a problem whether it is a Gaming Console or a PC but has been resolved generation by generation. Games also attracted the uninterested audience. Offline Gaming has been very popular for a year but has various drawbacks. Cloud Gaming is the resolution against Offline Gaming. This paper talks about how Cloud Gaming is taking place of Offline Gaming with much powerful hardware systems and processes. Keywords—Gaming, Cloud Gaming, Gaming PC, Gaming Console, Video Games. I. GAMING AND ITS HISTORY Computerized game playing, whether it is over a personal computer, mobile phone or a video game console can be referred to as Gaming. An individual who plays video games is recognized as a gamer [1]. In every generation of technology evolution, graphics of the game have been improved. When we think the history of video games we usually think of games like Tic- tac-toe, Tetris, Pacman, pong and many more but now these games use graphics seems like reality. In the 1950s, People can’t think of playing card games such as Solitaire, Blackjack, Hearts, Spider Solitaire and so on, on tv or computer but now the stage has reached more ahead from that [1]. -
Cloud Gaming: Enabling a Next Generation Gaming and Streaming Paradigm
CLOUD GAMING: ENABLING A NEXT GENERATION GAMING AND STREAMING PARADIGM Analysts: Eric Abbruzzese, Michael Inouye TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. A CONFLUENCE OF GAMING AND STREAMING MARKETS 1. A CONFLUENCE OF GAMING AND The immense video streaming market is already laying the groundwork for high-volume, STREAMING MARKETS ....................... 1 high-bandwidth content potential, so the onset of cloud gaming excitement was not a sur- 1.1. Gaming Market Dynamics .........................3 prise. The gaming market is responsible for more than US$150 billion in revenue overall. 1.2. Video Market Dynamics and Any new service or technology that can tap into even a sliver of that revenue is promising. Similarities to Gaming ...............................4 2. STATE OF THE CLOUD GAMING MARKET 6 Cloud gaming promises a layer of flexibility not previously possible in the market. Low end- 2.1. Business Models Today and to-end latency enables data centers to take the place of processing needed by a user’s Shifting toward Cloud Gaming in the Near Future ........................................7 Personal Computer (PC), console, or mobile device. New spectrum availability and wired 2.2. Technical Details .......................................8 broadband opportunity, mature existing infrastructure from the video market, and increas- 2.3. Competition and Differentiators .............10 ingly powerful and efficient cloud-native technologies all contribute to this progression. Pro- 2.4. Gamification Outside of Gaming .............11 cessing in the cloud allows for any device to have the processing power of a high-end PC 2.5. Immersive Technologies as an without the local hardware cost. Cloud gaming represents a first step in cloud infrastructure Upcoming Feature for Cloud Gaming .....12 usage, with distributed and load-balanced compute in the future allowing more scalable 3. -
Mobile Cloud Gaming: the Real-World Cloud Gaming Experience in Los Angeles
Mobile cloud gaming: the real-world cloud gaming experience in Los Angeles 2 Table of contents 4 The cloud gaming landscape is booming With the arrival of 5G, more and more gamers are putting away their consoles and replacing them with cloud-based games that can be enjoyed anywhere and everywhere they go—and on any connected device they choose. To show you what to expect in terms of the quality of the mobile cloud gaming experience, we looked at multiple elements of gaming, including the bare minimum download speeds This report shows which carriers in Los Angeles can deliver a smooth mobile cloud and latency established by three major gaming platforms: gaming experience for both casual games in standard definition and multiplayer online games in high definition on 4G LTE compared to 5G. Why did we choose Los Angeles? LA is a city of innovation, a driver of entertainment Steam trends, and one of the first markets where all four carriers offered 5G services. Google Microsoft Remote What better place to look closely at how 5G might help transform the gaming Stadia xCloud experience? Read on to see what to expect in terms of the real-world mobile cloud Play gaming experience in Los Angeles. Using the bare minimum speed and latency requirements set by those platforms, we took results from our most recent mobile performance testing in Los Angeles in the first half of 2020 to show which carriers are capable of delivering smooth mobile cloud gaming experiences on both 4G LTE and 5G. IHS Markit expects the cloud gaming content and services markets to grow from We looked at gaming across two broad categories at two different resolutions: $387 million in 2018 to $2.5 billion in 2023, with 5G driving much of that growth. -
In the Digital Games Medium
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Communication Theses Department of Communication 7-15-2009 L337 Soccer Moms: Conceptions of "Hardcore" and "Casual" in the Digital Games Medium Steven Andrew Boyer Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_theses Recommended Citation Boyer, Steven Andrew, "L337 Soccer Moms: Conceptions of "Hardcore" and "Casual" in the Digital Games Medium." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2009. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_theses/53 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Communication at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. L337 SOCCER MOMS CONCEPTIONS OF “HARDCORE” AND “CASUAL” IN THE DIGITAL GAMES MEDIUM by STEVEN BOYER Under the Direction of Ted Friedman ABSTRACT As digital games have become increasingly significant in the entertainment media landscape, the terms “casual” and “hardcore” have become the primary ways to describe gaming audiences, genres, and gameplay. However, these terms are saturated with outdated stereotypes involving gender, age, and class. Focusing on industrial discourse, this thesis examines this dichotomy, emphasizing areas of discontinuity and overlap to question why these terms have become so ubiquitous in gaming discourse and what functions they fulfill for a variety of groups including the industry, advertisers, and audience members. Ultimately, I suggest that these terms need to be replaced in order to move beyond restrictive stereotypes, proposing a new framework for digital games that takes into consideration user motivation, personal investment, and historical specificity. -
Performance Impact of Packet Multiplexing on Massive Multiplayer Online Games Dammak Marwa, Yassine Boujelben, Noura Sellami, Iryna Andriyanova
Performance impact of packet multiplexing on massive multiplayer online games Dammak Marwa, Yassine Boujelben, Noura Sellami, Iryna Andriyanova To cite this version: Dammak Marwa, Yassine Boujelben, Noura Sellami, Iryna Andriyanova. Performance impact of packet multiplexing on massive multiplayer online games. Proceedings of the ACM Summer Computer Simulation Conference, Jul 2016, Montreal, Canada. hal-01709721 HAL Id: hal-01709721 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01709721 Submitted on 15 Feb 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Performance impact of packet multiplexing on massive multiplayer online games Marwa Dammak Yassine Boujelben Noura Sellami LETI, ENIS LETI, ENET’COM LETI, ENIS University of Sfax, Tunisia University of Sfax, Tunisia University of Sfax, Tunisia [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Iryna Andriyanova ETIS, ENSEA University Cergy Pontoise, CNRS, France [email protected] ABSTRACT This share is increasing year after year and will grow at a Online games are more and more popular, resulting in an compound annual growth rate of 40% between 2014 and 2019 increasing share in the Internet traffic. These games gen- [8]. With the recent advent of cloud gaming and the gaming erate a huge number of packets with typically small pay- as a service (GaaS) solutions, the gaming traffic should be- loads, which overloads the network and deteriorates its effi- come one of the largest Internet traffic categories [2]. -
MCG Test-Bed: an Experimental Test-Bed for Mobile Cloud Gaming
MCG Test-bed: An Experimental Test-bed for Mobile Cloud Gaming Wei Cai Conghui Zhou Minchen Li University of British Columbia We Software Limited Zhejiang University Vancouver, Canada Hong Kong Hangzhou, China [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Xiuhua Li Victor C.M. Leung University of British Columbia University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada Vancouver, Canada [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT games, which is responsive to the variety of players' screen Conventional cloud gaming benefits from many aspects by sizes, device hardware capacity, operating systems and inter- executing the game engine in the cloud and streaming the actional controllers. This demand has significantly soared, gaming videos to players' terminals through network. How- along with the arising number of mobile terminals in mod- ever, this type of cloud gaming service can not guarantee ern society. The cloud, well recognized as the next genera- stable Quality of Service (QoS) in mobile scenarios, subject tion computing modality, has attracted attentions in video to the diversity of end-user devices and frequent changes in gaming service provisioning. Conventional cloud gaming so- lutions, including industrial systems (e.g. OnLive1, Gaikai2, network quality. To address this issue, a component-based 3 cloud gaming platform for mobile devices has been proposed, G-Cluster , etc.) and research test-beds (e.g. GamingAny- where the decomposed game can be partially offloaded to where[1]), exhibit a streaming-based approach, in which the the cloud, achieving load balancing between cloud and ter- video games are executed in cloud servers and the gaming minals. -
Uniquitous: Implementation and Evaluation of a Cloud-Based Game System in Unity
Uniquitous: Implementation and Evaluation of a Cloud-based Game System in Unity Meng Luo and Mark Claypool Computer Science and Interactive Media & Game Development Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA 01609, USA Email: {mluo2,claypool}@wpi.edu Abstract—Cloud gaming is an emerging service based on of games, game devices and network connections: 1) network cloud computing technology which allows games to be run on latency, inherent in the physical distance between the server a server and streamed as video to players on a lightweight and the client, must be overcome; 2) high network capacities client. Commercial cloud gaming systems, such as Playstation are needed in order to stream game content as video down to Now and StreamMyGame remain proprietary, limiting access the client; and 3) processing delays at the cloud gaming server for game developers and researchers. In order to address this need to be minimized in order for the game to be maintained, shortcoming, we present an open source cloud-based game system rendered and streamed to the client effectively for playing. prototype in Unity called Uniquitous that gives game developers Research and development required to overcome these chal- and researchers control over both the cloud system and the lenges needs cloud gaming testbeds that allow identification of game content. Detailed experiments evaluate the performance of performance bottlenecks and exploration of possible solutions. Uniquitous for two main parameters, game resolution and game Several commercial cloud gaming systems, such as On- image quality, using two different games. The evaluation results 4 5 are used in a data model that can predict in-game frame rates Live and StreamMyGame have been used for cloud gaming for systems with configurations beyond those tested. -
Remote Play - Wikipedia Case 1:19-Cv-07529-DLC Document 28-4 Filed 10/14/19 Page 2 of 9
Case 1:19-cv-07529-DLC Document 28-4 Filed 10/14/19 Page 1 of 9 EXHIBIT D Remote Play - Wikipedia Case 1:19-cv-07529-DLC Document 28-4 Filed 10/14/19 Page 2 of 9 Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Remote Play From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Main page Remote Play is a feature of Sony video game Contents Remote Play Featured content consoles that allows the PlayStation 3 and Current events PlayStation 4 to transmit its video and audio Random article output to another device; previously this could Donate to Wikipedia only be a PlayStation Portable or PlayStation Vita. Wikipedia store In 2014, it was expanded to include the use of Interaction PlayStation TV, Xperia smartphones and tablets Help (Z2 and later), and PlayStation Now. In 2016, it About Wikipedia was expanded to Microsoft Windows PCs and Community portal macOS. Finally, iOS and Android are supported. Recent changes Similar functionality is provided on Nintendo's Wii Contact page U console, using the Off-TV Play function. This Developer(s) Sony Interactive Tools feature essentially allows compatible home Entertainment What links here console games to be played on the handheld. Initial release 2006; 13 years ago Related changes While seldom implemented on PS3, Remote Play Stable release(s) [±] Upload file is a mandatory feature on all PS4 games, except Special pages Windows 2.5 / October 2, 2017; 2 years [1] Permanent link for games that utilize peripherals such as PC ago Page information PlayStation Move. Android 2.5.0 -
Gaikai Chooses Geforce Grid to Fuel Explosive Growth in Cloud Gaming
GAIKAI CHOOSES NEW NVIDIA® GEFORCE® GRID TO FUEL EXPLOSIVE GROWTH IN CLOUD GAMING GAIKAI STUDY CASE Imagine being able to experience the immersive action, One of the premier cloud gaming companies is Gaikai you-are-there visuals, and hair-trigger responsiveness (pronounced guy-kai; Japanese for ‘open ocean’), an of console-level gaming – but on your tablet, smartphone, innovator with headquarters in Orange County, California, or TV. You could be sitting on a train in New York, Taipei, and the intention to reach every corner of the globe. Gaikai or Amsterdam or just in a favorite corner coffee shop. follows a business-to-business model, helping game Envision playing a game on your living room TV, then providers take advantage of cloud technologies to deliver switching to your tablet or smartphone and walking to the superior gaming experiences to their users. Gaikai’s vision kitchen for a snack, or heading off with friends, all without is clear: “When video games can be accessed as easily as missing a single move. movies and music, we believe they will become the #1 form of entertainment in the world.” Cloud gaming will liberate games from their limiting dependence on consoles, without sacrificing realism, speed, or any other aspect of the true gaming experience. This is a platform-as-a-service approach analogous to “Gaikai and NVIDIA are working video on demand, where players interact via streamed together to create a new chapter content generated on the game operator’s server rather in the evolution of video games” than players’ local systems. Cloud gaming is still evolving, but its potential in the world of entertainment is unparalleled.