, BLACK AND WHITE
TRANSVAAL SPECIAL: No. 2
Oct. XI Ml
angloboerwar.com
GENERAL THE RIGHT HONOURABLE SIR REDVERS HENRY BULLER, V.C., K.C.M.G., K.C.B., &C. who left England, October 14th, to take command of the British troops operating against the Boers, is a soldier of great experience and resource. He was born sixty years ago and entered the Army when he was nineteen. He has seen fighting in China, with the Red River Expedition, in the Ashanti War, in the Kaffir War of 1878, and in the Zulu War of 1878-79. In 1887 he was Under-Secretary for Ireland, and in 1890 he became Adjutant-General. The Army Service Corps is his pet, and he has done wonders in making it efficient. He has met Kruger before : it will not be long before he meets him again —
BLACK AND WHITE
NOTA BENE.
BLACK & WHITE has always made a feature of its
War Correspondence. On the present occasion it will not be
behind its reputation for dealing promptly, fully, and accurately
with the events of what promises to be the most important
war of the century as far as the British Empire is concerned.
Four Special War Correspondents are representing
BLACK & WHITE in South Africa— Mr. Rene Bull, who has acted forangloboerwar.comus in the Turco-Greek War, the Tirah Campaign, and the last two Soudan Campaigns, being again our chief
representative.
Photographs of actual fighting will be the main feature
provided.
BLACK & WHITE, every Friday,
Price SIXPENCE.
The Portraits in this Album a-e by rs follows :— Major-General Lyttleton, General Sir W. F. Gatacre, Colonel Howard, Colonel Brocklehurst, . Mr. Conyngham Greene, Major-General Colvilc Lieutenant-General Sir Forestier-Walker — Elliott and Fry ; Lieutenant-General Methuen — Gregory ; Maull Major-General and Fox; Major-General Hart and Sir Redvers Culler— Knight Major-General Weston ; Colonel Brabazon— Barnett ; ; French— Zeerust, Rusienburg, Wauchope— Horsbrugh ; and Lieutenant-Geieral S'r George White—Cowell. The Photographs of Heidelhurg, Middelburg, Barberton, " Gregory Klerksdurp—by Gros ; Braemar Castle," "The Long and the Short of It," Sergeants, Army Service Corps, and Nurses—by and Co. TRANSVAAL SPECIAL
THE BRITISH FLAG IN SOUTH AFRICA
EVENTS during the last two months have succeeded one another with breathless rapidity. Mr. Chamberlain has evidently had his hands full, for the number of Blue- books recently published on the Transvaal negotiations makes quite a substantial heap upon one's desk. Mr. Kruger has undoubtedly been treated with far more consideration than he deserved, and his diplomatic shufflings have met with a leniency unprecedented in history. The final ultimatum was, however, too much even for the friends of peace, and the insolence of the Boer demands could only be faced by dignified contempt. Mr. Chamberlain has not been altogether faultless in his negotiations with the Transvaal. The famous letter of advice despatched not very long after the Jameson raid, with its curious advocacy of the loyalty of the alien, and its almost verbose grandmotherliness, brought back a curt rejoinder which was not altogether unmerited. But experience has taught our Colonial Secretary wisdom, and the recent despatches can only excite admiration in the mind of the honest reader. We here supply a key to the correspondence and negotiations which have preceded
the outbreak of war : — Summary of Recent Events
Sept. 1st. — Portuguese Authorities at Lourenco Marques receive orders to release ammunition destined for Transvaal. of Mr. Sept. 4th. — Arrest Pakeman ( Johannesbrirg Leader), and attempted arrest of Mr. Mony- peny {Johannesburg Star). Volksraad, which met on Sept. 2nd, declines suggested conference and rejects alternative proposals. Panic at Johannesburg. Great exodus to Cape Colony begins. Bloemfontein (Orange Free State) burghers have 1,000 rifles distributed to them in Market Place. Sept. 5th. — Mr. Pakeman released on bail. Exodus continues. Sept. 6th. — Volksraad angloboerwar.comdiscusses concentration of British troops on the borders of its Republic. General Sir F. Forestier-Walker arrives in Cape Town and takes over duties of Commander-in-Chief. Sept. 7th. —Ammunition in Transvaal arrives from Lourenco Marques. Volksraad, in consequence, adopts very hostile tone in its debate on the question of concentration of British troops on the border. Sept. 8th. —War Tribunal established at Johannesburg. Artillery Reserves called out at Bloem- fontein, and burghers ordered to hold themselves in readiness. Cabinet Council held to discuss crisis in Transvaal. (10,000 troops to be despatched from England and India to Cape and Natal.) Sept. 9th. —Transvaal Government declares itself willing to adopt a commission of delegates selected by both Governments, said to have been proposed in one of Mr. Chamber- lain's despatches. Orders received at Simla for despatch of troops to South Africa. Sept. nth. — Imperial Government addresses communication to Transvaal Government, demanding reasons for Mr. Pakeman's arrest. Exodus from Johannesburg continues. Great distress at Pretoria. Preparation for despatch of troops to Cape begins at Bombay. Sept. 12th. — British Government's reply to last despatch of the Transvaal Government received at Pretoria, and read to both Raads amid great excitement. War preparations at Johannesburg. Transvaal issues a circular to miners promising to protect mining industry. General Sir George White appointed to command British troops in Natal. Sept. 13th. —Transvaal publishes, through its representative at Brussels, text of Chamberlain's last despatch to Transvaal Government. Reported dissension amongst burghers of Free State. Sept. 14th. —Raads continue discussion of British Government's last despatch and their proposed reply. Burghers in many districts warned to hold themselves in readiness. Free State burghers declare their readiness to support Transvaal Government. Sept. 15th. —Mr. Morley speaks at Manchester, protesting against action of British Government towards Transvaal. Mr. Pakeman fails to answer his bail. Many commercial and financial houses of Johannesburg cease business. Sept. 16th. —General Sir George White and Staff, 1st Battalion Northumberland Fusiliers and other troops, leave for Cape. Transvaal Government hands still another evasive reply to British Agent at Pretoria. Encounter between police and public at Johannesburg. Indian contingent begins embarking for South Africa at Calcutta and Bombav. Armed burghers leave for Volksrust and Komati Poort. BLACK A.XD WHITE
angloboerwar.com
Mr. Conyngham Greene, C.B., was until October nth her Majesty's Agent and Charge d'Affaircs at Pretoria. He is an Irishman., and was born in 1854. He went to Oxford, and distinguished himself there in the classics, finally ending in the Foreign Office in 1877. Athens, Stuttgart, the Hague, Brussels, and Tehran have known him, and in 1896 Pretoria received him. He has been a particular thorn in the side of President Kruger, and no man has been happier to hear that he has left Pretoria than Oom Paul. Mr. Greene's reward is to come TRANSVAAL SPECIAL 5
Sept. 1 8th. -Colonial Office publishes official text of Transvaal Government's repiy to its last despatch. Sept. 19th. -Loyal North Lancashire Regiment and others leave Cape Town for North. Town Guard formed at Kimberley. 1st Battalion Manchester Regiment arrives at Durban, and proceeds immediately to Pietermaritzburg-. Sept. 20th, -Sir W. Harcourt at New Tredegar protests against war with the Transvaal.
Sept. 2 1 St. -More troops leave Bombay for Cape. Free State Raad sits, and President Steyn refuses to advise President of the sister Republic to accede to the demands put forward by this country. Sept. 22nd. -Cabinet Council held to discuss Transvaal crisis. Burghers reported to be concentrating in North to defend Limpopo River. Active preparations being made at Woolwich to equip and furnish an Army Corps. Sept. 23rd. -Anti-War Demonstration (fiasco) held in Trafalgar Square. Cape Parliament passes a resolution of confidence in the policy adopted by H.M. Government towards the Transvaal, ist Battalion Royal Irish Fusiliers leave Alexandria for South Africa. Boers assume an aggressive attitude, notably at Charlestown and Mafeking.
Sept. 25th. — Irish M.P. 's, notably Mr. Davitt, at a meeting in Co. Clare, express sympathy with the Transvaal Government. The despatches addressed by Mr. Chamberlain to Sir Alfred Milner for communication to Transvaal Government are published. They are also read in Volksraad, and an early reply promised. Troops still embarking from Calcutta and Bombay for South Africa. Quantities of ammunition delivered at residence of the Johannesburg Field Cornet during night. Sept. 26th. —Three batteries of Royal Field Artillery leave Birkenhead for South Africa. Afrikanders of Postmansburg, Griqualand, pass a resolution asking Imperial Government to recall its forces from the Border. Volksraad prepares its reply to Chamberlain's despatches. Free State Volksraad passes a resolution declaring that it will honestly and faithfully fulfil its obligations towards the Transvaal. Sept. 27th. —Active preparations going on at Aldershot and other military centres throughout this country for the preparation of an Army Service Corps to be sent to South Africa. Free State Raad continues its secret sitting. Sept. 28th. —New Zealand Government decides to equip a force of 200 men for service in South Africa. Sir C. Tupper, at Halifax, proposes that Canadian Government equip a force of 1,200 men for service at the Cape. Sept. 29th. — Cabinet Council held to discuss situation in Transvaal. Boer troops massing on all sides. Intense and prolonged excitement at Johannesburg. Great influx of refugees to Newcastle. Transvaal Government despatches its reply to last communication of British Government from Pretoria. More Boer troops leave for Volksrust. New Zealand offers to equip a contingent of Mounted Riflemen for use of Home Government, angloboerwar.comat to a and the Military Commandants of Australian Colonies meet Melbourne discuss scheme for organisation of a combined force for use in South Africa. Sept. 30th. — Meetings held throughout the country to discuss the Transvaal difficulty. Messrs. Davitt, O'Brien and Co. again to the fore in Dublin. All Circuit and Civil Courts in Pretoria closed by Government Proclamation. Indiscriminate commandeering universal at Johannesburg and at Pretoria. Large bodies of troops, munitions of war and supplies are now being despatched from these latter places to Volksrust and the Border, where large bodies of Boer troops are now massing. Exodus to Cape Town continues. British and Colonial troops concentrating on the Natal Border. Oct. 2nd. —Some 2,000 Natal Volunteers proceed to the front, and are quartered in the neighbourhood of Ladysmith. Boer troops massing on the Border ot Bechuanaland. Anxiety is felt at Mafeking. Exodus from the Transvaal assumes large proportions. President Steyn makes an abortive effort to induce the Powers, with the co-operation of the United States, to interfere as arbitrators between Great Britain and the Transvaal. Oct. 3rd. —Troops from India arrive, and are disembarked at Durban! The Proclamation granting protection to the mining industry has now been officially withdrawn. Exodus continues, and many of the refugees complain bitterly of the treatment meted out to them en route by hostile Boers. Transvaal telegrams unduly delayed. Oct. 4th. — Mail train from Transvaal to Cape stopped at Vereeniging, and week's shipment of gold for England commandeered by order of the Boer Government. Defensive works at Mafe- king now proceeding apace. Boer forces in the field roughly estimated to number some 12,000. Troops of Free State concentrating at Harrismith and Boshof. Boer Council ot War held at Volksrutt. Oct. 5th. —Boer force mustered at Volksrust still on the increase, and now estimated to number, with the Free State force, something approaching 20,000 men. Mayor of Newcastle receives, through the Premier, a communication from Governor of Natal, who states that the General Commanding has informed him that the force at his disposal is insufficient to protect that town in case of hostile advance by Boer troops. Mobilisation of burghers
is actively being pushed forward at Pretoria ; and the state of things at Mafeking, and on the border of* Bechuanaland, is still considered very critical. The Government cf Queensland receives orders that its contingent must be despatched before 3rstof the month. Mr. Chamberlain replies to a petition in favour of peaceful settlement addressed to the Queen by some members of the Cape Parliament, wherein he supports the policy adopted by Home Government. 6 BLACK A XI) WHITE
Oct. 6th. Sir II. Campbell-Bannerman makes an inconclusive speech at Maidstone, decrying the policy of the British .Government towards the Transvaal; and Mr. Morley runs a meeting bn same " patriotic" lines at Carnarvon. Sir G. White and Staff arrive at East London, and proceed immediately to Durban. The authorities at Johannesburg announce their intention to commandeer all gold from mines, returning sufficient minted coin for wages and expenses, and 3,000 native workmen quit the mines. Commander Cronje is pro- moted to the rank of General, and appointed to command of the Western Frontier. Refugees report that the attitude adopted by the Boers towards the fugitives is daily becoming more brutal and offensive. Castle Liner, Bmetnar Castle, leavos for South Africa, having on board 1,500 officers and men.
Lieut. -General Sir F. W. E. Forestier- Lieut. -General Lord Methuen, com- Walker, Commander-in-Chief at the manding First Division, First Army Cape Corps
angloboerwar.com
Lieut. -Gen. Sir George S. White, V.C., Col. Sir W. P. Symons, commanding commanding Natal Field Force Fourth Division First Army Corps
Army Reserve Oct, 7th.— summoned by Royal Proclamation. Special Service Officers and a company of Army Ordnance Corps leave Southampton for service at the Cape. Lieutenant-General Sir G. White and Staff arrive at Durban, and proceed to Pietermaritzburg. Northumber-
position on the Bechuanaland Border, particularly in the environment of Mafeking. Complaints of ill-treatment by hostile Boers of helpless fugitives, who are daily leaving the Transvaal, continue to be heard on all sides. Oct. pth. -The Guelph arrives at Lourenco Marques with cargo of -ammunition presumably intended for Boers. H.M.S. Philomel intercepts her, and ammunition is landed at Durban. Boer Commanders at Barberton and Lydenburg now concentrating on borders of Portuguese territory. The state of affairs at Johannesburg grows rapidly worse, and a general state of anarchy is daily feared. Further contingents of Indian troops land at Durban. Gold to the value of ^30,000 removed from Barberton mine is returned to Pretoria, and the former place is now almost deserted by British subjects. In the various military centres of this country the work of mobilisation is being hirrri-ed forward, and meetings are held throughout the country to discuss the crisis. TRANS VAAL SPECIAL
Maj. -General Sir H. E. Colvile, Maj. -General A. G. Wauchope, Maj. -General the Hon. N. J. commanding ist Brigade, First commanding- 3rd Brigade, Lyttelton, commanding 4th Div. Second Div. Brigade, Second Div.
angloboerwar.com
Gen. Sir W. F. Gatacre, K.C.B., Maj. -General A. Fitzroy Hart, Col. J. D. P. French, command- D.S.O., commanding 3rd Div., commanding 5th Brigade, Third ing the Cavalry Division, First First Army Corps Div. Army Corps
Col. J. P. Brabazon, command- Col. F. Howard, commanding Col. J. F. Brocklehurst, com- ing 2nd Cavalry Brigade 7th Brigade, Fourth Div. manding 3rd Cavalry Brigade
OFFICERS TO COMMAND AT THE FRONT —
8 BLACK AND WHITE
Oct. loth-—The despatch handed in to the British Agent at Pretoria by Transvaal Government on the 9th inst. is received in London. This despatch, which is in the nature ot an
ultimatum, demands : (/.) Immediate withdrawal of British troops from Transvaal Border. 'JI. ) Removal from South Africa of all British reinforcements within reasonable time. {III.) An arbitration committee to settle points of mutual difference, and (IV.) An assurance by British Government that British troops now en route for Cape shall not be landed in any part of South Africa. Should these conditions not be complied with by an early date (5 p.m., nth inst.), the Government at Pretoria will feel obliged to regard the non-compliance of them as a tacit declaration of war. A fund is started at Cape Town to relieve the refugees from Transvaal, whose sufferings, now that the exodus has become so very general, are daily growing worse. Swaziland is practically deserted by white nationalities, and Kaffirs are assembling in large numbers at King's Kraal. Contingent of New South Wales Lancers leave England for the Cape, amidst scenes of wildest enthusiasm. Parliament at Victoria votes 250 men for service of Home Government in South Africa. Troops disembark at Durban, and work of mobilisation goes steadily on. Refugees from Transvaal arrive at Durban from Delagoa Bay, and continue to testify to the brutal conduct of the Boers towards the fugitives. Mines closed at Jagersfontein. The British Government propose to Government of United States the responsibility of safeguarding British interests in the Transvaal in the event of war, and the Washington Government undertakes the charge. Meetings throughout this country are held to discuss the Transvaal question, and the Home Government's policy is almost universally supported.
angloboerwar.com
Pres. Kruger Sir Evelyn Wood Sir Redvers Bullir
An interesting reminiscence : The second conference between the British and Boers, March, 1881 Photo taken at O'Neil's Farm at the foot cf Majuba
Oct. nth. —Under the terms of the Ultimatum, war commenced to-day at 3.10 p.m. (5 p.m. South African time). A report is current that Commandos at Harrismith have made an incursion into Natal, via Van Reenan's Pass, and this report the Premier of Natal confirms. Large bodies of Boer troops are closing in upon the Natal frontiers. Newcastle and other places in the vicinity receive official warning that military authorities anticipate attack from the Boers The Boer Commando at Sandspruit is said to number some 8,000 men, exclusive of a Hollander Corps and an Irish Corps, each comprising 250 men. The British position on the Western Border is considered critical, and at Mafeking a Boer attack is hourly expected. Mr. Conyngham Greene, the British Agent in the Transvaal, leaves Pretoria, and Sir Alfred Milner issues a Proclamation declaring all persons who shall abet the enemy in time of war traitors to the State. More troops arrive at Durban from India, and another 1,500 refugees reach that place from Delagoa Bay. This day being the birthday of President Kruger, anti-English demonstrations take place throughout the Transvaal. A fund for relief of refugees is started at the Cape, and a branch of the same fund opened at the Mansion House by the Lord Mayor of London. Meetings are held throughout this country on the Transvaal crisis, and in particular Lord Rosebery and Mr. Asquith testify their approval of the attitude which her Majesty's Government is adopting towards the Transvaal. The work of mobilisation is being continued, and the Victorian and Canadian Governments vote the despatch of Colonial troops for service in South Africa. TRANSVAAL SPECIAL
rritchard Street as it was a month agfo- angloboerwar.com
And as it is now THE EFFECT OF THE WAR SCARE AT JOHANNESBURG IO BLACK AND WHITE
angloboerwar.com
When the War-scare began the Uitlander population crowded to the trains for the Cape. The better-
class people left early and in fair comfort : the working folk who left later had to be content with trucks where they were packed tightly, forty and fifty in a truck TRANSVAAL SPECIAL i ;
angloboerwar.com
A F'eld-Ccrnet bringing in a Commando : Passing Daspoort and Bredenkamp's Farm, near Pretoria. BLACK AND WHITE
angloboerwar.com TRANS VAAL SPEC/A L
c
bo a
ex 3 C angloboerwar.com
be 3 Xi be H BLACK AND WHITE angloboerwar.com Boers heliographing at Volksrust, a few miles from the Natal Border at Laing's Nek. TRA NSVAAL SPECIA L i5 angloboerwar.com 1 6—BLACK AND W1IITK View of Durban from Berea Range : Durban is the great seaport of Natal, and here ma angloboerwar.com The City of Pietermaritzburg : Pietermaritzburg is the capital of Natal, the seat of Governr lis Indians, 2,( 7 T TtA iVS l A A L SPECIA L— 1 our troops will land. Population: whites, '6,750; natives, 8,736; Indians, 9,528— total, 35,014 angloboerwar.com and the headquarters of the forces of the Colony. Population: whites, 11,309; natives, 6,154; otal, 20,155 angloboerwar.com i6—BLACK AND 1 1 Hill WRANSVAAL SPECIAL— 17 View of Durban from Berea Range: Durban is the great seaport of Natal, and here w of our troops will land. Population: whites, -6,750; natives, 8,736: Indians, 9,528— total, angloboerwar.com 35,0 whites, 11,309 natives, 6,154; The Citj »nd the Colony. Population: ; of • . .,,rnW. headquarters of the forces of Ihe Pietermarit7h„iirmar.tzburg.m P- . , . fi of ' P,etermantzbur is the the seat W'.fl.-f-toi;,;, S capital of Natal, JO , 55 BLACK AND WHITE 3 -a c m C angloboerwar.com .S •a a. o to TRANSVAAL SPECIAL 19 angloboerwar.com 20 BLACK AND WHITE angloboerwar.com TRANSVAAL SPECIAL 21 o < en c d d Uc ID r> > > 'ZJ c* ,_, X> Kj O >rt o.S angloboerwar.com -a a d — bit U o o O c 3 O a. K 22 BLACK AND WHITE B angloboerwar.com 13 a, TRANSVAAL SPECIAL ^3 angloboerwar.com i r>4 BLACK AND WHITE It: u K o n d 55 eg | i •a c CCJ CL bo id angloboerwar.com a, 3 ,— M a v n u x: cq +j a E (A X >. rn XI t-l hJ rt CL urt 4_» cu C d E CO H TRANSVAAL SPECIAL 25 angloboerwar.com ?6 BLACK AND WHITE angloboerwar.com _o TRA NS VAA L SPECIA L 27 angloboerwar.com 2 b' BLACK AND WHIET angloboerwar.com Shipping horses for the Cape at Southampton ' ' TRANSVAAL SPECIAL 29 u ,0 en = O c« a bjo S U* .2 Ed 3 'S g If '"*•-.'•'. - Tt 13 - -*' »»_" : '"t a»^Aj rf «s S9t£2SW m " O todt>^?^BO*#5^R^^^angloboerwar.com'^ : .:,:::: , '' V •So B^^^ I /A v / e5 O ' N. ,s~^ .^fl »VV ^Jv\. \ \ avTlx gk / a, ^^"* v ^ ailtf^^^^HnH i§&iit^ Y f ^^*^ if "' m\T^lf "'"' .# : IkVvisML c 4- o bjD 1 v\5 ^^ 1 >\ r. >*W>~\ m >yi. m' ts : ; \ V "WMkt %?Sm 4L* ^I^L. mtMi*hI "' A ^Ma i \ " ~""^i*i ^^^BK 1 \M i» K 1%V « oU r ^^ ^^^^ O u -1 - .y E ..^i > D ^cJh#\ J ' \ 1 C3H! >* ' ^ -""<. * lj| p" ^ '2~?=*,' »;- 1 ^ R V-"" B P- ^ ' m L-. 7.>v::»M c t'gfej f |- Hbi :£KA —- «** ''1 1 £ ' HI ca J* I ~«t ffK .- # i 1 -- 30 BLACK AXD WHITE u cc angloboerwar.com TRA NS VA A L SPECIA L 3* angloboerwar.com Arrival of British Troops at Ladysmith, Natal tiLACK AND WHITE TRANSVAAL SPECIAL Joyy P"V angloboerwar.com Oom Paul Before TWO VIEWS OF THE WAR Printed and published by the Black and White Publishi*"" Company, Limited, 63, Fleet Street, London, E.C.