Philippine Island Arc System Tectonic Features Inferred from Magnetic Data Analysis
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Philippine Rise Integrated Conservation for Enduring Legacies Through Ecosystem Support Services (PRICELESS)
Philippine Rise Integrated Conservation for Enduring Legacies through Ecosystem Support Services (PRICELESS) Part I: Project Information GEF ID 10568 Project Type FSP Type of Trust Fund GET CBIT/NGI CBIT NGI Project Title Philippine Rise Integrated Conservation for Enduring Legacies through Ecosystem Support Services (PRICELESS) Countries Philippines Agency(ies) CI Other Executing Partner(s) Executing Partner Type Department of Environment and Natural Resources- Biodiversity Management Bureau Government GEF Focal Area Biodiversity Taxonomy Focal Areas, Chemicals and Waste, Waste Management, Plastics, Biomes, International Waters, Coral Reefs, Climate Change, Climate Change Adaptation, Disaster risk management, Private sector, Climate information, Innovation, Livelihoods, Climate resilience, Climate Change Mitigation, Technology Transfer, Biodiversity, Species, Threatened Species, Illegal Wildlife Trade, Mainstreaming, Tourism, Fisheries, Certification -National Standards, Ceritification - International Standards, Protected Areas and Landscapes, Productive Seascapes, Coastal and Marine Protected Areas, Productive Landscapes, Supplementary Protocol to the CBD, Acess to Genetic Resources Benefit Sharing, Financial and Accounting, Influencing models, Convene multi- stakeholder alliances, Deploy innovative financial instruments, Strengthen institutional capacity and decision-making, Transform policy and regulatory environments, Demonstrate innovative approache, Stakeholders, Private Sector, Individuals/Entrepreneurs, Capital providers, Financial -
Assessment of Tsunami Hazard in Sabah – Level of Threat, Constraints and Future Work Felix Tongkul*, Rodeano Roslee, Ahmad Khairut Termizi Mohd Daud
Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Volume 70, November 2020, pp. 1 - 15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm70202001 Assessment of tsunami hazard in Sabah – Level of threat, constraints and future work Felix Tongkul*, Rodeano Roslee, Ahmad Khairut Termizi Mohd Daud Natural Disaster Research Centre (NDRC) Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia * Corresponding author email address: [email protected] Abstract: The coastal areas of Sabah are exposed to far-field earthquake-induced tsunamis that could be generated along the trenches of Manila, Negros, Sulu, Cotabato, Sangihe and North Sulawesi. Tsunami simulation models from these trenches indicated that tsunami waves can reach the coast of Sabah between 40 and 120 minutes with tsunami wave heights reaching up to 3 m near the coast. The level of tsunami threat is high in southeast Sabah due to its narrow continental shelf and proximity to tsunami source in the North Sulawesi Trench. The level of tsunami threat is moderate in north and east Sabah due to their proximity to tsunami source in the Sulu Trench. The level of tsunami threat is low in west Sabah due to its distant location to tsunami source from the Manila Trench. While tsunamis cannot be prevented, its impact on human life and property can be reduced through proper assessment of its threat using tsunami simulation models. Unfortunately, constraints remain in producing a reliable tsunami inundation models due to the lack of high-resolution topography and bathymetry data in Sabah and surrounding seas. It would be helpful if such data can be acquired by the relevant government agencies, at least first, in high threat-level areas, such as Tawau and Semporna districts. -
Large Intermediate-Depth Earthquakes and the Subduction Process
80 Physics ofthe Earth and Planetary Interiors, 53 (1988) 80—166 Elsevier Science Publishers By., Amsterdam — Printed in The Netherlands Large intermediate-depth earthquakes and the subduction process Luciana Astiz ~, Thorne Lay 2 and Hiroo Kanamori ~ ‘Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA (U.S.A.) 2 Department of Geological Sciences, University ofMichigan, Ann Arbor, MI (USA.) (Received September 22, 1987; accepted October 21, 1987) Astiz, L., Lay, T. and Kanamori, H., 1988. Large intermediate-depth earthquakes and the subduction process. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 53: 80—166. This study provides an overview of intermediate-depth earthquake phenomena, placing emphasis on the larger, tectonically significant events, and exploring the relation of intermediate-depth earthquakes to shallower seismicity. Especially, we examine whether intermediate-depth events reflect the state of interplate coupling at subduction zones. and whether this activity exhibits temporal changes associated with the occurrence of large underthrusting earthquakes. Historic record of large intraplate earthquakes (m B 7.0) in this century shows that the New Hebrides and Tonga subduction zones have the largest number of large intraplate events. Regions associated with bends in the subducted lithosphere also have many large events (e.g. Altiplano and New Ireland). We compiled a catalog of focal mechanisms for events that occurred between 1960 and 1984 with M> 6 and depth between 40 and 200 km. The final catalog includes 335 events with 47 new focal mechanisms, and is probably complete for earthquakes with mB 6.5. For events with M 6.5, nearly 48% of the events had no aftershocks and only 15% of the events had more than five aftershocks within one week of the mainshock. -
Tsunamigenic Earthquakes
Fifteen Years of (Major to Great) Tsunamigenic Earthquakes F Romano, S Lorito, and A Piatanesi, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma, Italy T Lay, Earth and Planetary Sciences Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Tsunamis, Seismically Induced 1 Fifteen Years of Major to Great Tsunamigenic Earthquakes 3 The Study of Tsunamigenic Earthquakes 3 Megathrust Tsunamigenic Earthquakes 4 The Sunda 2004–10 Sequence in the Indian Ocean 4 Peru 2007 5 Maule 2010 5 Tohoku 2011 5 Santa Cruz 2013 6 Iquique 2014 6 Illapel 2015 6 Tsunamigenic Doublets 7 Kurils 2006–07 7 Samoa 2009 7 Tsunami Earthquakes 7 Java 2006 8 Mentawai 2010 8 Recent Special Cases 8 Sumatra 2012 8 Solomon 2007 8 Haida Gwaii 2012 9 Kaikoura 2016 9 Mexico 2017 9 Palu 2018 9 Conclusions 10 References 10 Further Reading 12 Tsunamis, Seismically Induced Tsunamis are a series of long gravity waves generated by the displacement of a significant volume of water that propagating in the sea, under the action of the gravity force, returns in its original equilibrium position. Differently from the common wind waves, tsunamis are characterized by large wavelengths (ranging from tens to hundreds of km) and long periods (ranging from minutes to hours). Several natural phenomena such as earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, the rapid change of atmospheric pressure (meteotsunami), or asteroids impacts can be the source of a tsunami; among these, the most frequent is represented by the earthquakes. Most of the very tsunamigenic earthquakes occur nearby the Earth convergent boundaries (Fig. -
Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports Volume 31
INDEX Absolute ages, 78 Benham Bank, 67 Accretion, 331 Benham Rise, 6, 71, 76, 78, 587, 619, 709 Accumulation rate, volcanic material, 579 age of sediments, 599 Actinocyclus oculatus Zone, 783, 785, 789, 790, 797 nodular chert, 527 Age determination of sediments, 16 Site 292, 599 Aimelik Formation, 848 Benthonic foraminifera, 33, 842 Akistero Formation, 840 Site 292, 142 Aleutian Trench, 330 Site 294/295, 176 Alkalinity of sediments, 140, 174, 199, 284, 327, 358, Biogenic deposits, sedimentary structures in, 471 416, 445, 639, 642 Biostratigraphic gap, 682 Alteration of igneous rocks, 607 Biotite, 585 Altered basalt, 53 Bioturbated sediments, 194, 203, 484, 487 Ammodochium rectangulare Zone, 361, 766 Bonin Arc system, 857 Anaerobic bottom conditions, 842 Brown glass, 584 Analytical methods, determination of, Brunhes-Matuyama magnetic boundary, 446 calcium, 640 Brunhes-Matuyama paleontologic boundary, 418 chloride, 640 Bulk density, see physical properties dissolved, silica, 640 Bulk density versus lithology, 560 K-Ar, 599 Burrows, 30, 136 magnesium, 640 Cagayan River, 143, 615 manganese, 641 Calcium, 644 pH, alkalinity, salinity, 639 Calcium carbonate compensation depth, see carbonate potassium, 642 compensation depth strontium, 641 Calocycletia costata Zone, 18, 203, 286, 714 sulfate, 641 Calocycletia virginis Zone, 77, 203, 709, 714 Anomalies, magnetic, Site 294/295, 191 Cannartus laticonus Zone, 203, 714 Anticline, 322 Cannartus pettersoni Zone, 203, 714 Apatite, 585 Cannopilus hemisphaericus Zone, 766 Apron feeding channels, 619 Carbon, -
MANILA BAY AREA SITUATION ATLAS December 2018
Republic of the Philippines National Economic and Development Authority Manila Bay Sustainable Development Master Plan MANILA BAY AREA SITUATION ATLAS December 2018 MANILA BAY AREA SITUATION ATLAS December 2018 i Table of Contents Preface, v Administrative and Institutional Systems, 78 Introduction, 1 Administrative Boundaries, 79 Natural Resources Systems, 6 Stakeholders Profile, 85 Climate, 7 Institutional Setup, 87 Topography, 11 Public-Private Partnership, 89 Geology, 13 Budget and Financing, 91 Pedology, 15 Policy and Legal Frameworks, 94 Hydrology, 17 National Legal Framework, 95 Oceanography, 19 Mandamus Agencies, 105 Land Cover, 21 Infrastructure, 110 Hazard Prone Areas, 23 Transport, 111 Ecosystems, 29 Energy, 115 Socio-Economic Systems, 36 Water Supply, 119 Population and Demography, 37 Sanitation and Sewerage, 121 Settlements, 45 Land Reclamation, 123 Waste, 47 Shoreline Protection, 125 Economics, 51 State of Manila Bay, 128 Livelihood and Income, 55 Water Quality Degradation, 129 Education and Health, 57 Air Quality, 133 Culture and Heritage, 61 Habitat Degradation, 135 Resource Use and Conservation, 64 Biodiversity Loss, 137 Agriculture and Livestock, 65 Vulnerability and Risk, 139 Aquaculture and Fisheries, 67 References, 146 Tourism, 73 Ports and Shipping, 75 ii Acronyms ADB Asian Development Bank ISF Informal Settlers NSSMP National Sewerage and Septage Management Program AHLP Affordable Housing Loan Program IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature NSWMC National Solid Waste Management Commission AQI Air Quality Index JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency OCL Omnibus Commitment Line ASEAN Association of Southeast Nations KWFR Kaliwa Watershed Forest Reserve OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development BSWM Bureau of Soils and Water Management LGU Local Government Unit OIDCI Orient Integrated Development Consultants, Inc. -
Visualization of the Geophysical Settings in the Philippine Sea Margins by Means of GMT and ISC Data
Central European Journal of Geography and Sustainable Development 2020, Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages: 5-15 ISSN 2668-4322, ISSN-L 2668-4322 https://doi.org/10.47246/CEJGSD.2020.2.1.1 Visualization of the geophysical settings in the Philippine Sea margins by means of GMT and ISC data Polina Lemenkova* Ocean University of China, College of Marine Geo-sciences, 238 Songling Rd, Laoshan, 266100, Qingdao, Shandong, China; [email protected] Received: 22 February 2020; Revised: 12 March 2020; Accepted: 20 March 2020; Published online: 25 March 2020 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: The presented research aimed to perform geophysical modelling (gravity and geoid) and to evaluate the spatio-temporal variation of the marine geological data (distribution and depth of earthquakes) using combination of the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) and available sources from the International Seismological Centre (ISC-EHB) that produce data on earthquakes as part of seismic survey and regional research projects. The target study area is a Philippine Sea basin (PSB) with two focused marginal areas: Philippine Trench and Mariana Trench, two hadal trenches located in the places of the tectonic plates subduction. Marine free-air gravity anomaly in the PSP shows higher values (>80 mGal) of the gravity fields structure at the volcanic areas and Philippine archipelago. Current study presented comparative geophysical analysis, and mapping free-air gravity and geoid in the Philippine Sea basin area. As a result of this study, the average level of earthquakes located in the Philippine Trench and Mariana Trench areas were compared, and those located in the Philippine archipelago are determined to be in the souther-western part (area of west Mindanao, south-west Visayas islands), while Luzon Islands shown shallower located earthquakes. -
Geocon 2017 Geologists : Partners for Common Good
GEO CON 2017 GEOLOGISTS : PARTNERS FOR COMMON GOOD AND SOCIAL JUSTICE Annual Geological Conference of the Geological Society of the Philippines 13-14 December 2017 | Dusit Thani Hotel, Makati City S C I E N T I F I C P R O G R A M 13 December 2017 07h30 – 9h00 Registration Welcome and Opening Remarks Atty. Fernando S. Penarroyo 2017 GSP President Introduction of Keynote Speakers Atty. Fernando S. Penarroyo Hon. Allen Jesse C. Mangaoang Representative Lone District of Kalinga 09h00 – 10h00 Atty. Bayani Agabin Undersecretary Department of Finance Opportunities in Challenging Times Gerard H. Brimo Chairman Chamber of Mines of the Philippines 10h00 – 10h30 Coffee Break Session on Mineral Resources and Mining Industry Moderator : Dr. Rogel Santos The Decline in Mineral Discoveries and Consequences for Society 10h30 – 10h50 Douglas Kirwin The Carmen Orebody in the Mankayan District, Northern Luzon, Philippines: A High- to Intermediate Sulfidation Epithermal Au- 10h50 - 11h10 Cu Deposit Overprinted on a Porphyry Cu-Au Mineralization Rhyza Ruth T. Parcon Mineralization Characteristics of the Suyoc Epithermal Deposit, 11h10 – 11h30 Mankayan, Benguet, Philippines O.B. Soberano , et.al . CSR, SLO, SMS vis CSO, SSM, EIS issues for social justice, common good and national development: Root causes and possible solutions for the 11h30 – 11h50 Mining Industry G.P. Yumul Jr. , N.L. Caagusan, F.B. Dobli, C.B. Dimalanta, D.V. Faustino- Eslava, E.S. Andal, K.L. Queaño, E.J. Marquez Geocon 2017 : GEOLOGISTS : Partners for Common Good and Social Justice i 11h50-13h00 Lunch Geological Society of the Philippines Matters Proposed Amended GSP By-Laws : Rationale 13h00 – 13h30 Ciceron A. -
Philippine Sea Plate Inception, Evolution, and Consumption with Special Emphasis on the Early Stages of Izu-Bonin-Mariana Subduction Lallemand
Progress in Earth and Planetary Science Philippine Sea Plate inception, evolution, and consumption with special emphasis on the early stages of Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction Lallemand Lallemand Progress in Earth and Planetary Science (2016) 3:15 DOI 10.1186/s40645-016-0085-6 Lallemand Progress in Earth and Planetary Science (2016) 3:15 Progress in Earth and DOI 10.1186/s40645-016-0085-6 Planetary Science REVIEW Open Access Philippine Sea Plate inception, evolution, and consumption with special emphasis on the early stages of Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction Serge Lallemand1,2 Abstract We compiled the most relevant data acquired throughout the Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) from the early expeditions to the most recent. We also analyzed the various explanatory models in light of this updated dataset. The following main conclusions are discussed in this study. (1) The Izanagi slab detachment beneath the East Asia margin around 60–55 Ma likely triggered the Oki-Daito plume occurrence, Mesozoic proto-PSP splitting, shortening and then failure across the paleo-transform boundary between the proto-PSP and the Pacific Plate, Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction initiation and ultimately PSP inception. (2) The initial splitting phase of the composite proto-PSP under the plume influence at ∼54–48 Ma led to the formation of the long-lived West Philippine Basin and short-lived oceanic basins, part of whose crust has been ambiguously called “fore-arc basalts” (FABs). (3) Shortening across the paleo-transform boundary evolved into thrusting within the Pacific Plate at ∼52–50 Ma, allowing it to subduct beneath the newly formed PSP, which was composed of an alternance of thick Mesozoic terranes and thin oceanic lithosphere. -
Contrasting Morphological Trends of Islands in Central Philippines: Speculation on Their Origin
The Island Arc (2000) 9, 627–637 Thematic Article Contrasting morphological trends of islands in Central Philippines: Speculation on their origin GRACIANO P. YUMUL JR,1* CARLA B. DIMALANTA,1,2 RODOLFO A. TAMAYO JR 1,3 AND JENNY ANNE L. BARRETTO1 1Rushurgent Working Group, National Institute of Geological Sciences, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, 1101, Quezon City The Philippines, (email: [email protected]), 2Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 3UMR 6538 Domaines Océaniques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France Abstract The Palawan microcontinental block collided with the Philippine Mobile Belt in the Central Philippine region resulting in the counterclockwise rotation of Mindoro– Marinduque and clockwise rotation of Panay. The collision also brought about the clock- wise rotation of north-east Negros, Cebu, north-west Masbate and Bohol (collectively called the Western Visayan block), resulting into their present-day northeast–southwest trend. This suggests a far more dramatic role of the collision than was previously recog- nized. Furthermore, the south-east Sulu Sea sub-basin is inferred to have also undergone collision-related clockwise rotation which can account for the observed east-west trending magnetic lineations in the basin. Aside from explaining the contrasting morphological trends of the different islands in Central Philippines, the rotation can also explain, albeit in a different way, how the belts of sedimentary basins, ophiolites and arcs in Panay and Negros can extend to Northern Luzon. Published paleomagnetic data suggest that the collision-related rotation commenced during the early to middle Miocene and had ceased by the late Miocene. -
Geochemistry and Tectonic Setting of the Luzon Arc, Philippines
Geochemistry and tectonic setting of the Luzon arc, Philippines MARC J. DEFANT Department of Geology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620 RENE^C^^AUR^Y } laboratoire de Petrologie et G. S. Oceanologie et Geodynamique, Universite de Bretagne Occidentale, 29287 Brest, France JELLE DE BOER Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06457 JEAN-LOUIS JORON Groupe des Sciences de la Terre, Laboratoire Pierre Siie, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Saclay, B.P. 2, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France ABSTRACT ment) with the Manila Trench. In contrast, unreported analytical data, along the entire ex- Babuyan segment samples (north) have un- tent of the Luzon arc and to discuss possible Miocene (10 Ma) to Recent volcanism is usual island-arc Nd and Sr isotopic ratios that origins of these compositional variations. associated with eastward subduction along fall below the mantle array; they appear to be the Manila Trench for some 1,200 km from the result of sediment source contaminants or GEOLOGIC SETTING the Coastal Range in Taiwan south to Min- a unique mantle composition. Incorporation doro. We suggest calling this the "Luzon of sediments analyzed from eastern China Tectonic Framework arc." There are five distinct segments along and Taiwan into a MORB-type mantle can this arc: Mindoro, Bataan, Northern Luzon, explain the Nd and Sr isotopic ratios of the The Manila Trench is a broadly arcuate Babuyan, and Taiwan. The Bataan and Min- Babuyan segment. (concave eastward) structure, which extends doro segments in the south are separated by a from about 13° to 21° N (Figs. -
MRL Gold Philippines Inc. Panoro Minerals Ltd Have the Right to Acquire an Interest in the Properties by Way of an Earn in Agreement with Mindoro Resources Ltd
MRL GOLD PHILIPPINES INC. and PANORO MINERALS LTD Independent Geological Report on the Surigao Property Group Northern Mindanao, Philippines Tapian-San Francisco, Tapian Main and Agata Properties By Bruce D. Rohrlach B.Sc. (Hons), Ph.D, M.AusIMM 10 Wahroonga Avenue, Valley View 5093, South Australia 25th April 2005. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. SUMMARY …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1 2. INTRODUCTION AND TERMS OF REFERENCE ………………………………………………………………….. 8 3. DISCLAIMER ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 8 4. PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION ……………..…………………………………………..………….. 8 4.1 Tapian-San Francisco ……………………….………………………………………………………………..………….. 9 4.2 Tapian Main ……………………….………………………………………………………………..………………….….. 11 4.3 Agata …………………………………….………………………………………………………………..…………….……. 13 5. GEOLOGICAL SETTING ………………………………………………………………………………………………….… 18 5.1 Regional Geology ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….… 18 5.2 District Geology ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….… 22 5.2.1 Physiography and Faulting 5.2.2 Basement Geology 5.2.3 Stratigraphy 5.2.4 Mineralisation and Alteration 6. DEPOSIT TYPES ……….…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…… 29 6.1 Deposit Types ………………………………………….……………………………………………………..……….…… 29 6.2 Geological Model and Concepts …………………. ……………………………………………………..……….…… 30 6.2.1 Porphyry Cu-Au-(Mo) 6.2.2 High-Sulfidation Epithermal Cu-Au 6.2.3 Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Cu-Au 6.2.4 Carbonate-Hosted Disseminated Au-Ag 6.2.5 Skarn Au-(Cu) 7. TAPIAN-SAN FRANCISO PROPERTY ………………………………………………………………..……………..….. 37