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Microbial Study on Corrosion
AN INVESTIGATION OF MICROBIAL DIVERSITY AND MICROBIOLOGICALLY INFLUENCED CORROSION IN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL ENVIRONMENTS by Charles H.D. Williamson IV A thesis submitted to the Faculty and the Board of Trustees of the Colorado School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Environmental Science and Engineering). Golden, Colorado Date ____________________________ Signed: ___________________________ _ Charles H.D. Williamson IV Signed: ____________________________ Dr. John R. Spear Thesis Advisor Golden, Colorado Date ____________________________ Signed: ____________________________ Dr. John McCray Professor and Director Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering ii ABSTRACT Microbial contamination of fuels can cause issues such as biofouling, fuel degradation and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The focus of the research presented in this thesis was characterizing the microbial diversity of automotive fuels and automotive fuel environments in the United States via both molecular-based techniques as well as cultivation- based methods in order to gain insight into how this diversity is impacting fuels and fuel system infrastructure. A field survey of fuels including biodiesel, diesel, E10, E85, fuel-grade ethanol and gasoline was conducted; and 454 pyrosequencing of both 16S/18S rRNA genes as well as 16S/18S rRNA (transcribed into cDNA) was applied to identify both total and active microbial communities in these environments. Microbial communities in all fuel types were broadly similar, and prevalent phylotypes included Halomonas spp., Pseudomonas spp., Shewanella spp., Corynebacterium spp. and Acetobacter spp. Pyrosequencing libraries generated from cDNA and DNA indicated that the active and total communities of the sampled environments show significant overlap. The microbial communities of storage tanks containing fuel-grade ethanol and water were also characterized by molecular and cultivation-based techniques. -
Celebrated Turkish-German Actress Meryem Uzerli Speaks to Community Exclusively on Her Launching Pad Muhteşem Yüzyıl and the Journey Beyond
Community Community Noble ‘Labour International Reforms P7School P16 in Qatar: organises a workshop Achievements and ‘Refining of Teaching Next Steps’ discusses Methods’ for its measures taken for faculty members. the welfare of workers. Sunday, April 14, 2019 Sha’baan 9, 1440 AH Doha today: 230 - 330 Hearing Hurrem Celebrated Turkish-German actress Meryem Uzerli speaks to Community exclusively on her launching pad Muhteşem Yüzyıl and the journey beyond. P4-6 COVER STORY QUIZ SHOWBIZ The sinking of Titanic Disney unveils teaser of The Rise of Skywalker. Page 11 Page 15 2 GULF TIMES Sunday, April 14, 2019 COMMUNITY ROUND & ABOUT PRAYER TIME Fajr 3.53am Shorooq (sunrise) 5.14am Zuhr (noon) 11.36am Asr (afternoon) 3.05pm Maghreb (sunset) 5.57pm Isha (night) 7.27pm USEFUL NUMBERS Hellboy Hellboy, caught between the worlds of the supernatural and Emergency 999 DIRECTION:Neil Marshall human, battles an ancient sorceress bent on revenge. Worldwide Emergency Number 112 CAST: David Harbour, Ian McShane, Milla Jovovich Kahramaa – Electricity and Water 991 SYNOPSIS: Based on the graphic novels by Mike Mignola, THEATRES: The Mall, Landmark, Royal Plaza Local Directory 180 International Calls Enquires 150 Hamad International Airport 40106666 Labor Department 44508111, 44406537 Mowasalat Taxi 44588888 Qatar Airways 44496000 Hamad Medical Corporation 44392222, 44393333 Qatar General Electricity and Water Corporation 44845555, 44845464 Primary Health Care Corporation 44593333 44593363 Qatar Assistive Technology Centre 44594050 Qatar News Agency 44450205 44450333 Q-Post – General Postal Corporation 44464444 Humanitarian Services Offi ce (Single window facility for the repatriation of bodies) Ministry of Interior 40253371, 40253372, 40253369 Ministry of Health 40253370, 40253364 Hamad Medical Corporation 40253368, 40253365 Qatar Airways 40253374 Madhura Raja troubles an entire village, the people turn to the only man who DIRECTION: Vysakh can save them: Raja, the fl amboyant don with a heart of gold. -
One-Of-A-Kind Lots
AUGUST 2021 U.S. & FOREIGN ONE-OF-A-KIND LOTS We appreciate you taking the time to hunt through this list and hope you’ll find something interesting and profitable. As there is only one of most of these lots, alternate choices are always appreciated and not used unless necessary. When ordering please refer to the lot #. These lots are not in any particular order. As material is found or comes into stock, it is given a lot # and added to the bottom of the list. nh=never hinged, lh=lightly hinged, h=hinge remnant, ng=no gum, xf=extremely fine, vf=very fine, f=fine, ave=average, s/d=small defect, s/f=space filler(stamps with heavy damage, heavy cancels, tears, missing pieces), s/s=souvenir sheet. LOT# DESCRIPTION PRICE LOT# DESCRIPTION PRICE (A-18807) U.S. #406 mint vf never hinged right margin plate #6972 (ME-18851) U.S. #768a f-vf single on First Day Cover with orange & single ................................................................................................. 15.00 black P.O. Dept. cachet ..................................................................... 6.50 (A-18808) U.S. #J7 used lightly canceled JUMBO margins, a beauty! ........... 150.00 (ME-18852) U.S. #736 used vf block of four .......................................................... 1.00 (AD-18809) U.S. #5297 mint vf never hinged plate #B111 single ....................... 10.00 (ME-18853) U.S. #736-39 used f-vf plate # singles ............................................... 1.00 (AD-18810) U.S. #5554 mint vf never hinged plate #P1111 single ..................... 16.00 (ME-18854) U.S. #735 vf souvenir sheet on First Day Cover, Feb 10, 1934 New York, NY .......................................................................... 40.00 (A-18811) U.S. -
The Canadian Cadet Movement and the Boy Scouts of Canada in the Twentieth Century
“No Mere Child’s Play”: The Canadian Cadet Movement and the Boy Scouts of Canada in the Twentieth Century by Kevin Woodger A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Kevin Woodger 2020 “No Mere Child’s Play”: The Canadian Cadet Movement and the Boy Scouts of Canada in the Twentieth Century Kevin Woodger Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto Abstract This dissertation examines the Canadian Cadet Movement and Boy Scouts Association of Canada, seeking to put Canada’s two largest uniformed youth movements for boys into sustained conversation. It does this in order to analyse the ways in which both movements sought to form masculine national and imperial subjects from their adolescent members. Between the end of the First World War and the late 1960s, the Cadets and Scouts shared a number of ideals that formed the basis of their similar, yet distinct, youth training programs. These ideals included loyalty and service, including military service, to the nation and Empire. The men that scouts and cadets were to grow up to become, as far as their adult leaders envisioned, would be disciplined and law-abiding citizens and workers, who would willingly and happily accept their place in Canadian society. However, these adult-led movements were not always successful in their shared mission of turning boys into their ideal-type of men. The active participation and complicity of their teenaged members, as peer leaders, disciplinary subjects, and as recipients of youth training, was central to their success. -
Science in School
Subscribe free in Europe: FREE www.scienceinschool.org Science in School The European journal for science teachers Winter 2016 | Issue 38 | Issue 2016 Winter Faster,Faster, cheaper,cheaper, CRISPR:CRISPR: thethe newnew genegene technologytechnology revolutionrevolution ISSN: 1818-0353 www.scienceinschool.org ISSN: 1818-0353 www.scienceinschool.org INSPIREINSPIRE EuropeanEuropean CanSatCanSat Published and funded by EIROforum by funded and Published CompetitionCompetition 20162016 TEACHTEACH PracticalPractical pyrotechnicspyrotechnics Image courtesy of Scott Ingram; image source: Flickr Copyright ESA WHAT HAPPENS WHEN CELLS 12 EUROPEAN CANSAT 22 EMBRACE DAMAGE? COMPETITION 2016 Scientists propose a new hypothesis to tackle This June, students from around Europe met in one of the big remaining mysteries in animal Portugal to compete in the European CanSat evolution. competition. One of their teachers tells us more. Image courtesy of Nicola Graf Image courtesy of john_hawn; image source: Flickr of john_hawn; image source: Image courtesy WIND AND RAIN: METEOROLOGY IN THE CLASSROOM 36 Why does it rain? Can we predict it? Give physics students a mass of weather data and Flickr of Thomas Hawk; image source: Image courtesy some information technology, and they can try working this out for themselves. UNDERSTAND INSPIRE 4 News from the EIROs: Proxima b, 22 European CanSat Competition 2016 extremophiles and record-breaking cables 25 Compound Interest: communicating 8 Blended senses: understanding synaesthesia chemistry with engaging graphics 12 -
UNESCO Scientific Colloquium on Factors Impacting the Underwater Cultural Heritage (Royal Library of Belgium, Brussels, 13 & 14 December 2011)
UNESCO SCIENTIFIC COLLOQUIUM ON FACTORS IMPACTING UNDERWATER CULTURAL HERITAGE ROYAL LIBRARY OF BELGIUM, BRUSSELS 13 AND 14 DECEMBER 2011 0 1 2 Contents1 1.0 General Context 1.1 The significance of underwater cultural heritage…………………………………………………………5 1.2 The future of underwater archaeology..............................................................................................9 2.0 Commercial exploitation, commercial archaeological interventions and international cooperation 2.1 The extent and the prevention of pillaging on submerged archaeological sites – the French experience.....................................................................................................................................12 2.2 The centenary of the Titanic and the treaty giving legal protection ...............................................17 3.0 Trawling and fishing 3.1 Quantification of trawl damage to pre-modern shipwreck sites: case studies from the Aegean and Black Seas..............................................................................................................................24 4.0 Developing the seabed, resource extraction and renewable energy development at Sea 4.1 The consideration of archaeological sites in oil and gas drilling operations....................................31 4.2 The significance and contribution of marine aggregates.................................................................38 5.0 Environmental impact and climate change 5.1 The appearance of new bacteria (titanic bacterium) and metal corrosion…….................................44 -
Upcoming Events Monthly Profiles Happenings at IGB Image of the Month IP @ IGB Administrative News
Upcoming Events Image Of The Month IGB Monthly Profiles NEWS IP @ IGB Happenings at IGB Administrative News Volume 7, Number 1 UPCOMING EVENTS FEATURED NEWS IMAGE OF THE MONTH Institute for Universal Biology 2 (IUB) - NASA Astrobiology Institute Seminar Lecture Series The Art of Yellowstone Science: Mammoth Hot Springs as a Window on Evolutionary Processes February 14, 2014, 12:00 p.m. 612 Institute for Genomic Biology Genomics for Judges: Bruce W. Fouke Educating Judges on DNA Director, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center Departments of Geology & Microbiology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 3 IGB Seminar (BCXT) Chemical Disequilibrium, Hydrothermal Vents, and the Origin of Metabolism February 18, 2014, 12:00 p.m. 612 Institute for Genomic Biology Laurie M. Barge, PhD Profile: Jet Propulsion Laboratory May Berenbaum California Institute of Technology The Center for Advanced Study 4 Twenty-Third Annual Lecture Me to We: Searching for the Genetic Roots of Sociality February 19, 2014, 7:30 p.m. This month’s image, “Laser Capture Knight Auditorium, Spurlock Museum and Microdissection of Sorghum Roots,” shows root tips of sorghum plants treated Gene E. Robinson with aluminum. Researchers used lasers Director, Institute for Genomic Biology Microbes Dominate Deep to dissect out specific types of cells and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Sandstone Formations tissues in treated plants in order to study the plant’s response to toxicity. IGB Seminar (ReBTE) This image was created using the Veritas 5 laser capture microdissection and laser Engineered Microenvironments for Probing cutting system, and is provided courtesy Cell Fate Decisions of Mayandi Sivaguru of Core Facilities. -
St George's Cross
Flying a Flag The current design of the flag dates from the union of Ireland St George's and Great Britain in 1801. It Cross consists of the red cross of Saint 16th cent. George (patron Saint of (England) England), edged in white, superimposed on the Cross of St Patrick (patron Saint of Ireland), St Andrew's which are superimposed on the Cross Saltire of Saint Andrew (patron 16th cent Saint of Scotland). Wales, (Scotland) however, is not represented in the Union Flag by Wales's St Patrick's patron saint, Saint David, as at Cross the time the flag was designed Unknown Wales was not part of the origin Kingdom of England. (Ireland) King's Flying the Union Jack Colours, or Great Union Flag Union Flag, Royal Union Flag of 1606- 1707 (Great Britain) Questions about the display of the Royal Union Flag (Union Jack) are often asked at this Union Flag of 1801 1801 (United Kingdom) time of year. Especially, since Official flag of Canada until 1946 two versions are often flown along the Loyalist Parkway. Can I fly a Union Flag? Yes, it is appropriate to fly both The original Royal Union versions of the Union Flag. They Flag was first raised in Canada go well with our Maple Leaf at the British settlement in Flag. Remember, that flag Newfoundland after 1610. It is etiquette dictates that when often referred to as the Loyalist looking at two flags together, Flag as it was the flag flown by the Maple Leaf always goes to the United Empire Loyaliasts the left and the Union to the that settled in this part of right. -
The Red Ensign, Dominion Day, and the Effects of Patriotic Memory on the Canadian Flag Debate
“But It Was Ours”: The Red Ensign, Dominion Day, and the Effects of Patriotic Memory on the Canadian Flag Debate Hugh L. Brady On the morning of 15 February 1965—a day designated by Her Majesty the Queen of Canada in her proclamation—a crowd of roughly ten thousand Canadians gathered in front of a specially constructed flagpole erected before the Centre Block of the Parliament Buildings on Ottawa’s Parliament Hill.1 The Canadian Red Ensign flew from the flagpole on this chilly, snow-covered day—but not for long; the crowd was assembled to see the flag’s retirement and the raising of its successor.2 That morning, the Montreal Gazette called for understanding the viewpoint of those who will feel a pang in the heart at the coming down of the Red Ensign . they feel this regret not simply because it stood for old ties of kith and kin. For them it has had the broader meanings of the legacy: it was the symbol of freedom, of the rule of law, of the heritage of parliamentary democracy, of the standards of good sense and moderation, of the spirit of courage and service. All these are values not narrow and divisive, but the rich inheritance for the human spirit, the values to be clung to, as long ago proved and always needed.3 Inside, some 600 dignitaries gathered for a “simple and solemn” ceremony designed to bury the passions enflamed during the flag debate of the preceding year that ended with Parliament adopting the Maple Leaf Flag to replace the Red Ensign as the flag of Canada.4 The battle over the new flag pitted two titans of twentieth-century Canadian politics against each other: Lester Pearson, the Liberal prime minister and proponent of a new flag, against John Diefenbaker, Raven, Vol. -
Canadianism, Anglo-Canadian Identities and the Crisis of Britishness, 1964-1968
Nova Britannia Revisited: Canadianism, Anglo-Canadian Identities and the Crisis of Britishness, 1964-1968 C. P. Champion Department of History McGill University, Montreal A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History February 2007 © Christian Paul Champion, 2007 Table of Contents Dedication ……………………………….……….………………..………….…..2 Abstract / Résumé ………….……..……….……….…….…...……..………..….3 Acknowledgements……………………….….……………...………..….…..……5 Obiter Dicta….……………………………………….………..…..…..….……….6 Introduction …………………………………………….………..…...…..….….. 7 Chapter 1 Canadianism and Britishness in the Historiography..….…..………….33 Chapter 2 The Challenge of Anglo-Canadian ethnicity …..……..…….……….. 62 Chapter 3 Multiple Identities, Britishness, and Anglo-Canadianism ……….… 109 Chapter 4 Religion and War in Anglo-Canadian Identity Formation..…..……. 139 Chapter 5 The celebrated rite-de-passage at Oxford University …….…...…… 171 Chapter 6 The courtship and apprenticeship of non-Wasp ethnic groups….….. 202 Chapter 7 The “Canadian flag” debate of 1964-65………………………..…… 243 Chapter 8 Unification of the Canadian armed forces in 1966-68……..….……. 291 Conclusions: Diversity and continuity……..…………………………….…….. 335 Bibliography …………………………………………………………….………347 Index……………………………………………………………………………...384 1 For Helena-Maria, Crispin, and Philippa 2 Abstract The confrontation with Britishness in Canada in the mid-1960s is being revisited by scholars as a turning point in how the Canadian state was imagined and constructed. During what the present thesis calls the “crisis of Britishness” from 1964 to 1968, the British character of Canada was redefined and Britishness portrayed as something foreign or “other.” This post-British conception of Canada has been buttressed by historians depicting the British connection as a colonial hangover, an externally-derived, narrowly ethnic, nostalgic, or retardant force. However, Britishness, as a unique amalgam of hybrid identities in the Canadian context, in fact took on new and multiple meanings. -
Canadian Symbols
38 Your Canadian Citizenship Study Guide Canadian Symbols (From Left to Right) Canada has many important symbols — objects, events, and people that have special meaning. Together Mace of the House of Commons, Ottawa they help explain what it means to be Canadian and express our national identity. Important Canadian Canadian flag symbols appear throughout this booklet. of 1965 The Royal Arms of Canada Parliament at dusk THE CANADIAN CROWN on Canadian uniforms and insignia since the 1850s, and are carved into the headstones of our The Crown has been a symbol of the state fallen soldiers buried overseas and in Canada. in Canada for 400 years. Canada has been a constitutional monarchy in its own right since Confederation in 1867 during Queen Victoria’s THE FLEUR-DE-LYS reign. Queen Elizabeth II who has been Queen of It is said that the lily flower (“fleur-de-lys”) was Canada since 1952, marked her Golden Jubilee adopted by the French king in the year 496. It in 2002, and celebrates her Diamond Jubilee became the symbol of French royalty for more than (60 years as Sovereign) in 2012. The Crown is a a thousand years, including the colony of New symbol of government, including Parliament, the France. Revived at Confederation, the fleur-de- legislatures, the courts, police services and the lys was included in the Canadian Red Ensign. In Canadian Forces. 1948 Quebec adopted its own flag, based on the Cross and the fleur-de-lys (see p.47). FLAGS IN CANADA The Snowbirds (431 Air Demonstration A new Canadian flag was raised for the first time COAT OF ARMS AND MOTTO Squadron) are a Canadian icon in 1965. -
Take a Dive to See the Remains of the Titanic Starting in 2018, an Expedition to the Final Resting Place of the Ill-Fated Luxury Liner Will Cost You $105,129
MNN.com > Tech > Research & Innovations Take a dive to see the remains of the Titanic Starting in 2018, an expedition to the final resting place of the ill-fated luxury liner will cost you $105,129. MICHAEL D'ESTRIES March 22, 2017, 10:44 a.m. 1 In the race to digitally map the wreck of the Titanic in great detail before it disappears, researchers are turning to tourism to help off-set expedition costs. (Photo: OceanGate, Inc. ) More than a century after it slipped under the waves at 2:20 a.m. on April 15, 1912, the RMS Titanic remains a constant object of fascination, intrigue and ever-evolving legend. Unfortunately for those determined to solve the mystery behind her ill-fated maiden voyage, the window of opportunity to study what remains of the ship will soon come to a close. According to a 2016 study, what remains of the Titanic will likely be little more than a rust stain on the ocean floor by 2030. This rapid deterioration is due to the presence of a unique species of bacteria, Halomonas titanicae, that feeds vociferously on the ship's steel. "We tend to have this idea that these wrecks are time capsules frozen in time, when in fact there all kinds of complex ecosystems feeding off them, even at the bottom of that great dark ocean," Dan Conlin, curator of maritime history at the Maritime Museum of the Atlantic in Halifax told Live Science in 2010. With the clock ticking on the Titanic appearance as a ship and not a collapsed mass of rust, researchers are preparing a series of scientific expeditions to the site starting in 2018.