Fung. Sci. 24: 39–43, 2009 Amanita liquii, a new record in

Ming-Hsiu Kao1, Edelgard Fu-Tschin Tschen2, and Pi-Han Wang1*

1. Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, 181 Taichung Harbor Road, Section 3, Taichung 40704, Taiwan 2. Department of Applies Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, 521, Nanda Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan (Accepted October 27, 2009)

ABSTRACT

This paper described and illustrated a new record of Amanita (Basidiomycete), Amanita liquii, collected from mixed-forest of and chinensis in Mt. Ho-Huan, Taiwan.

Keywords: Abies kawakami, ectomycorrhizal fungi, Mt. Ho-Huan, Tsuga chinensis

Introduction Materials and Methods

The genus Amanita is one of the well-know Specimens were collected in the periods of genera in Basidiomycete. It contains both edible July to August in 2007 to 2009. Fresh fruiting and deadly poisonous mushrooms. Many spe- bodies were collected and examined. They were cies of this genus are known to be mycorrhizal subsequently dried in warm air and deposited in fungi (Chen et al., 2002). About 500 Amanita the mycological laboratory of Tunghai Univer- species have been described in the world, but sity. The fruiting bodies were sliced by hand only 31 species were reported in Taiwan at pre- and soaked in drops of the 1% aqueous phlox- sent (Yang, 2000b, 2002; Shao et al., 2008). ine solution, and then mounted in drops of 3% There are different habitats of Amanita among KOH solution for microscopic examination. Taiwan, Europe and North America, however, Melzer’s reagent was used to detect amyloidity some of the species in Asia have been mis- and dextrinoidity. quoted (Chen, 1987; Yang 2000a, b; Chen, Genomic DNA was extracted by the CTAB 2002). Owing to the highly diversified forest method modified from Doyle and Doyle (1990) flora in Taiwan, there may also have a high di- and described by Wang et al. (2003). The inter- versity of Amanita flora in Taiwan. In this nal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal study, we describe a species of Amanita newly DNA (rDNA) was amplified by PCR with recorded from Taiwan. primers ITS5 and ITS4 (White et al., 1990).

* Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected]. 40 Fung. Sci. 24, 2009

PCR products were sequnced (Mission Biotech, gray on the edge (Fig. 1-b). Stipe whitish to Taipei, Taiwan) and the sequences were brownish, 0.8–2.5 × 6.2–22.5 cm, tapering to- checked by GenBank database using BLAST. ward apex, hollow, densely covered with dark gray to blackish squamules (Fig. 1); context Description white, hollow in center; basal bulb lacking. Volval remnants verrucous to subconical to Amainta liquii Zhu L. Yang, M. Weiß & granular. Pileipellis filamentous hyphae inter- Oberw., Mycologia 96: 640, figs. 9–12 woven, 2.5–6.3 µm diameter, moderately (2004). (Fig. 1. A & B, Fig. 2. A & B) branched. Basidia clavate, 47.5–77.5 × 12.5– Basidiocarps middle to large. Cap is 3.8–11.5 20.0 µm, 4-sterigmata, sterigmata 5.0–7.5 µm, cm (Mean = 7.6 cm, n = 16) in diameter, at first basal septa without clamp. Spore print white, nearly hemispherical, then convex to planocon- basidiospores (12.5–)12.5–15.0(–17.5) × (12.5– vex; its center is often slightly umbonate, ) 12.5–15.3(–17.5) µm, Q = 1.0–1.09, Q = 1.02 ground color dark brown to blackish, lacking ± 0.05, globose to subglobse, hyaline, smooth, any yellow color at all development stage; cov- thin-walled, rarely broadly ellipsoid, inamyloid, ered with felty-fibrillose, dark gray to dark colorless; apiculus small (Fig. 2). Volva fila- brown voval remnants; margin tuberculate- mentous hyphae on pileus are fairly abundant, striate, non-appendiculate (Fig. 1-a). Gills free, 2.5–7.5 µm diameter, septa without clamp. Vol- patched, white to cream color, but grayish to val remnants on pileus; the verrucous remnants

Fig. 1. Amanita liquii. A. Fruiting body and habitat, B. Gill and volva. Sclae bar = 2 cm. Amanita liquii in Taiwan 41

Fig. 2. Amanita liquii. A. Hymenium and subhymenium (Scale bar = 20 µm), B. Basidiospores. (Scale bar = 10 µm). composed of vertically, inflated cells very (09072HA57, 09072HA61, & 09072HA65). abundant (to dominant), subglobose (42.5–75.0 Note. Amanita liquii is an ectomycorrhizal × 37.5–67.5 µm) or ovoid to broadly clavate fungus of Abies kawakamii and Tsuga chinensis (27.5–77.5 × 10.0–63.8 µm), becoming larger in Mt. Ho-Huan, Taiwan. toward the pileipellis, single and terminal, thin- to slightly thick-walled, usually with brown to Discussion dark brown, vacuolar pigments, occasionally colorless and hyaline; filamentous hyphae fairly Several Taiwan amanitas of this group have abundant, not becoming more abundant toward been determined as Amanita ceciliae (Peng et the pileipellis, 2.5–7.5 µm wide. al., 1991). Amanita liquii is similar to A. ce- Habitat. Interspersed on soil under mixed- ciliae, however, the latter differs by its yellow- forest of Abies kawakamii, Tsuga chinensis, and brown to gray-brown color and smaller basidio- Yushania niitakayamensis; fruiting from June to spores (11.3–16.1 × 9.6–14.5 µm Peng et al., October. 1991). Yang (2004) reported that A. liquii ap- Distribution. Taiwan, province, peared in alpine and sub-alpine coniferous for- Yunan province, Xizang autonomous prefec- est such as Abies and Picea and distributed ture, and Southwestern . from 2,200 meter to 4,000 meter in China Specimens examined. Nantou: Mt. Ho- (Yang et al., 2004). In Taiwan, A. liquii was the Huan (24º11' and 121º16'), Taroko National symbiont of Tsuga chinensis and Abies kawa- Park, alt. 3,005 m, under coniferous forest, July kamii at elevation of about 3,000 meter. The cap 9, 2009, collected by Ming-Hsiu Kao, of Taiwanese A. liquii (3–11cm) is smaller than 0907HA13, ibid., August 1, 2009; M.H. Kao, these of record in China (10–14 cm).

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Sequence of ribosomal DNA internal tran- Peng, J.T., C.J. Chen, and J. Hua. 1991. The Al- scribed spacer (ITS) region of vocher tas of Wild Mushrooms in Taiwan I. pp. 4–5. 0809HT45 (GenBank accession no. GQ480730) Culture Collection and Research Center Food of Taiwan, showed one base (509/510) different Industry Research and Development Institute from A. liquii (AY436462) from China (Zhang Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China. et al., 2004). Shao, K.T., C.I. Peng, and W.J. Wu. 2008. 2008 Taiwan species diversity II. Species check- Acknowledgments list. pp. 144. Forest Bureau, Council of Agri- culture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. We thanks for Dr. Z.L. Yang of Kunming In- Wang, P.H., C.W. Chang, and Y.T. Wang. stitute of Botany, Academia Sinica who made 2003. Phylogenetic analysis of five Rhodoto- helpful comments. This work was supported by rula spp. Taiwanese Journal of Agricultural National Science Council (95-2621-B-029-003- Chemistry and Food Science 41: 101–112. MY3), Taiwan, Republic of China. Yang, Z.L. 2000a. On taxonomic studies of the Chinese Amanitae. Mycosystema 19: 435– References 440. Yang, Z.L. 2000b. Species diversity of the ge- Chen, Z.C. 1987. Distribution of Agaricals in nus Amanita (Basidiomycetes) in China. Taiwan. Transactions of the Mycological So- Acta Botanica Yunnanica 22: 135–142. ciety of Republic of China 2: 1–21. Yang, Z.L., M.Weiß, and F. Oberwinkler. 2004. Chen C.M., J.J. Peng, and T.C. Lin. 2002. New species of Amanita from the eastern Three new records to Amanitae of Taiwan. Himalaya and adjacent regions. Mycologia Endemic Species Res. 4: 53–59: Lin Jenkins, 96: 636–646. D.T. 1986. Amanita of North America. pp. Zhang, L., J. Yang, and Z.L. Yang. 2004. Mo- 5–6. Mad River Press, Eureka, California. lecular phylogeny of eastern Asian species of Doyle, J.J. and J.L. Doyle. 1990. Isolation of Amanita (Agaricales, Basidiomycota): taxo- DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12: 13– nomic and biogeographic implication. Fungal 15 Diversity 17: 219–238.

Amanita liquii in Taiwan 43 臺灣新記錄種李逵鵝膏

高明脩1 陳復琴2 汪碧涵1

1. 東海大學生命科學系 2. 國立新竹教育大學應用科學系 摘 要

本文描述臺灣新記錄種李逵鵝膏 (Amanita liquii)，採集自合歡山臺灣鐵杉及臺灣冷杉混合林，其為外生 菌根真菌。

關鍵詞：外生菌根真菌、合歡山、臺灣冷杉、臺灣鐵杉。

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