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Adams-Sullivan House) Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE New Hampshire COUNTY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Strafford INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER (Type all entries — complete applicable sections) COMMON: General John Sullivan House AND/OR HISTORIC: (Adams-Sullivan House) STREET ANC* NUMBER: 23 New Market Road CITY OR TOWN: Durham New Hampshire Strafford CATEGORY ACCESSIBLE OWNERSHIP STATUS (Check One) TO THE PUBLIC District [£) Building Public Public Acquisition: QQ Occupied Yes: Restricted Site Q Structure Private f~| In Process O Unoccupied Both Unrestricted n Object [ | Being Considered I 1 Preservotion work in progress No PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) O Agricultural Q Government Pork I 1 Transportation Comments [~~1 Commercial Q] Industrial Private Residence n Other (Specify) |~~1 Educational Q Military Religious I 1 Entertainment |~~1 Museum Scientific OWNER'S NAME: Dr. and Mrs. Thomas Francis Reid STREET AND NUMBER: 23 New Market Road CITY OR TOWN: Durham 03824 New Hampshire COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: Town Hall STREET AND NUMBER: CITY OR TOWN: Durham New Hampshire TITLE OF SURVEY: Historic American Buildings Survey CIS Sheets and 12 Photos') DATE OF SURVEY: 1934 Federol Q State Q County Q Local DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: Division of Prints and Photographs, Library of Congress STREET AND NUMBER: CITY OR TOWN: Washington D. C. (Check One) Excellent }Q Good Q Fair Q Deteriorated Q Ruins Q Unexposed CONDITION (Check One) (C/iecfc OneJ Altered Q Unaltered D Moved Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE Located on the south bank of the Oyster River and built by Dr. Samuel Adams in the period 1729-41, this house was Adams' residence until his death in 1762. John Sullivan purchased the dwelling and three acres of land on December 19, 1764 and resided here until his death in 1795. The Adams-Sullivan House is a wood two-story L-shaped frame structure with central chimney and gable roof. The exterior walls are covered with graduated clapboarding that increases in width as the boards near the eaves. The front portion of the house is 38 feet wide and 28 feet deep. The rear ell, adjoining at the southwest corner, is 26 by 13 feet in size. The center door, protected by a restored porch, opens into a short center hall. The walls are adorned with their original panelling and the stairway with its original handsomely carved balusters is against the central chimney. To the left of the hall is the library. Originally one large and one small room, the partition has been removed. The mantel in the library is original but the dado and the panelling of the fireplace wall are 18th century replacements of the originals. To the right of the center hall is the parlor, complete with its original fireplace panelling and dado, and behind this a hall or dining room with its original panelling, and restored to its original size by the removal of later partitions. The ell behind this hall contains a service stairway and the kitchen. There are three bedrooms on the second floor and one more in the attic. The northeast and southwest bedrooms on the second floor still retain their original panelling. The floors of the house are also original. At some undetermined date a two-story sun porch was added to the rear (northwest) corner of the house. The house has been restored and renovated by the present owners since 1966. Room colors have been restored on the basis of surviving paint samples. In excellent condition, the Adams-Sullivan House is used as a private residence and is not open to visitors. Behind the house is a small cemetery, where General Sullivan is buried. On a small hill to the right of the private road leading to the house is a monument to General John Sullivan, erected by the State of New Hampshire in 1894. PERIOD (Check One or Afore as Appropriate) [ | Pre-Columbian' [ | 16th Century 18th Century 20th Century D 15th Century D 17th Century 19th Century SPECIFIC DATE(s) (If Applicable and Known) AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Abor igrnai -Q Education n Political ' f| Urban Planning [ | Prehistoric [~~l Engineering D,l??l'9lon/PK- n Other fSpec/fc^- d Hitoric l«sophy '[~~| Invention I | Science [ | Architecture I I Landscape | | Sculpture D Art Architecture | | Social/Human­ | | Commerce CU Literature itarian | | Communications Q0 Military Q Theater [ | Conservation n Music Q] Transportation STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The home, from 1764 to 1795, of John Sullivan, a major general of the Continental Army during the War for Independence and one of Washington's ablest generals. Although the structure has undergone some alterations, the General Sullivan House is largely original. History John Sullivan was born at Somersworth (now Rollinsford), New Hampshire, across the Salmon Falls River from Berwick, Maine, in 1740 and lived for a time in Berwick after 1748. At 18 he studied law at Portsmouth under Samuel Livermore. In 1760 he married, having six children by this marriage, and in 1763 settled in Durham, New Hampshire, which was to be his residence for the rest of his life. As a lawyer, man, and soldier, he was brave, hot-tempered, oversensitive, contentious, generous, fond of display, and a born political organizer. In 1772 he was appointed a major of the New Hampshire militia. He became a passionate hater of Great Britain and sent as a delegate to the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia, he took his seat September 5, 1774. By December he was back in New Hampshire,in time to receive Paul Revere f s warning of a British embargo on arms and on December 14, 1774, leading 400 Portsmouth Sons of Liberty, Sullivan captured Fort William and Mary at the entrance of Portsmouth Harbor, its garrison of 6 men, and appropriated 100 barrels of gunpowder, 60 stand of small arms, and 16 cannon for the patriotic cause. This incident has been considered by many to be the first overt act of the American revolution On May 10, 1775, Sullivan took his seat in the Second Continental Congress and on June 22 this body appointed him a brigadier general in the Continental Army. In July Sullivan joined Washington's army outside of Boston and was stationed with his brigade at Winter Hill. On the night of August 26 he led out a fatigue party of 1,200 men and a guard of 2,400, occupied and fortified Ploughed Hill on the American left, adjacent to Bunker's Hill. With the exception of trips to organize the defenses of Portsmouth in October 1775, he served through the siege of Boston, until the evacuation, March 17, 1776. (continued) i> •SiiM^i&liilS&sSit^ New Hampshire, A Guide to the Granite State (American Guide Series) (Boston, 1938), 155-156. Dictionary of American Biography, Vol. XVIII, 192-193, Randolph G. Adams. George A. Billias, Editor, George Washington's Generals CNew York, 1964), 137-162. (Charles P. Whittemore, "John Sullivan: Luckless Irishman ") Christopher Ward, The War o£ the Revolution (2 veis., New York. 1952} "T Charles P. Whittemore, A General of the Revolution, John Sullivan of New Hampshire (New York, 1961). %&JbdlBliW LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY 0 DEFINING THE CENTER POINT OF A PROPERTY ROF LESS THAN TF.N ACRES CORNER LATITUDE LONGITUDE LATITUDE LONGITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds NW ° o 0 . o , NE ° o , „ 43 07 48 70 55 05 SE ° o SW Q , „ o , „ APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY; 2 ACYP^ 00 ILIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE: CODE COUNTY CODE m m STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE z on STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE NAME AND TITLE: Charles W. Snell, Survey Historian O ORGANIZATION Division of History, Office of Archeology and DATE ——————————Historic Preservation. National Park Service. 2/14/72_____ STREET AND NUMBER: » ———— ot-L v 4.^0 . 801 - 19th Street, N.W. CITY OR TOWN: STATE CODE Washington D.C. As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na­ tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law I hereby certify that this property is included in the 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion National Register. in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. The recommended Chief, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation level of significance of this nomination is: National Q State Q Local £3 Date Name ATTEST: Title Keeper of The National Register Date Date ^» t Form 10-300o UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE New Hampshire NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM Strafford FOR NPS USE ONLY (Continuation Sheet) ENTRY NUMBER (Number8*. all enMea)Significance: . (1) General John Sullivan House, Durham, N.H. Then ordered to the Northern army, which was retreating from Canada after General Richard Montgomery's defeat at Quebec, Sullivan reached Chambly on June 1, 1776. On June 2 Major General John Thomas, the commanding general, died of smallpox and Sullivan assumed command of the remnants of Thomas's army and the 5,500 fresh Continental troops he has brought north. In spite of information that powerful British reinforcements had reached Quebec, Sullivan decided to advance and on June 6 sent 2,000 of the best American troops under the command of Brigadier General William Thompson against Trois Riviere, about half­ way between Montreal and Quebec. Launching on June 8 a surprise attack on the 800 British surnfescd t* b® h-s?_di?ir th*- t*wn, th« Africans first became lost in a swamp and then discovered 8,000 crack British troops under the command of General Simon Fraser at the village.
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