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New Jersey Fourth-Of-July Orations, 1793-1969 by Donald A

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New Jersey Fourth-Of-July Orations, 1793-1969 by Donald A NEW JERSEY FOURTH-OF-JULY ORATIONS, 1793-1969 BY DONALD A. SINCLAIR Mr. Sinclair is Curator of Special Collections at Alexander Library, Rutgers. N former times the Fourth of July celebration was an exciting local event, whose highlight was a speech reviewing the nation's achieve- Iments. Many of the speeches appeared subsequently ("by request," their publishers were prone to put it) as pamphlets, and these collec- tively form a kind of literary category. They have similarities in style, purpose, and content, and a chronological orientation which lends itself to reflections of change. While most of them "viewed with pride," some dealt with issues of the day—politics or problems such as slavery, the Civil War, the evils of drink. Recorded below are those Fourth of July orations, held by the Rut- gers Special Collections Department, which pertain to New Jersey.* They are primarily pamphlets, although the compiler has included sev- eral which had been discovered fortuitously—no search was made for them—in periodicals or within other publications. While additional New Jersey Fourth of July orations exist, the group listed here is both sub- stantial and representative. A review of these ninety-five orations will show that many of their authors were local lawyers and politicians ; only four doctors. Nearly a third were clergymen, usually Presbyterian. Inevitably there are seven by Episcopal bishop George Washington Doane, a dominating, vain individual who somehow managed to have scores of his minor writings and speeches committed to print. Resident citizens' committees probably arranged a majority of the celebrations. Various organizations held or sponsored others. Con- spicuous among them was the Society of the Cincinnati, and there were a few political groups—e.g., Friends of Peace (1814), the Whigs of Newark (1834), and Sons of Liberty (1861). The ceremonies often took place in churches, Presbyterian mostly, doubtless the only build- ings with seating capacity for a proper crowd. The subject matter of the orations has been commented upon. It may be added that, while patriotic and political essays predominated, * Tlte Department has also many such orations from other states. 94 THE JOURNAL OF THE there were several good local histories in the lot. These are the most enduringly useful of all, but singularly ill-suited to the needs of oratory. They were usually so long and so larded with minutiae as to have stupefied their respective audiences. 1793-1799 Vote of thanks (p.[4.]) signed: Uzal Og- den, Vice-President of the Patriotic Society. BOUDINOT, ELIAS, 1740-1821. MACWHORTER, ALEXANDER CUMMING, "An oration, delivered at Elizabeth- 1771-1808. Town (New-Jersey) agreeably to a reso- An oration delivered on the Fourth of lution of the State Society of Cincin- July, 1794, to a numerous audience, as- nati, on the 4th of July, 1793 . By sembled in the Presbyterian Church of Elias Boudinot . United States mag- Newark, to celebrate the eighteenth an- azine, or y General repository of useful niversary of American emancipation. By instruction and rational amusement. Alexander C. Macwhorter . Newark: Newark, N.J. v.i, 1794, p.98-104, Printed by John Woods, 1794. 22p. 153-158. 1 iô^cm. 4- "Published at the desire of the Republican An oration delivered at Elizabeth Society of the Town of Newark." Town, New Jersey, agreeably to a reso- The two Rutgers copies, their half-titles and title-leaves removed, are included in volumes lution of the State Society of the Cincin- of left-over pamphlets, part or all of them nati, on the 4th of July, 1793, being printed also by John Woods, which he the seventeenth anniversary of the inde- assembled in 1797 to be bound and sold to- gether, the first in each case being A Collec- pendence of America, by Elias Boudinot tion of Essays, on a Variety of Subjects, pub- . [Philadelphia: Press of Review lished in that year. printing house, 1893] 24p. 23^cm. CRANE, ISAAC WATTS, 1773-1856. Reprinted by the Society from the 1793 edi- tion. An oration delivered in the Presby- "One hundred and twenty-five copies printed » terian Church, at Elizabeth-Town, on the Fourth of July, 1794, at the request MACWHORTER, ALEXANDER, 1734- of the militia officers, it being the eight- 1807. eenth anniversary of American inde- A festival discourse, occasioned by the pendence. By Isaac Watts Crane . celebration of the seventeenth anniner- Newark: Printed by John Woods, 1795. sary [sic] of American independence, in 23p. iôj^cm. 5 the town of Newark. By Alex. Mac- "Published at the request of a number of the auditors." whorter, D.D. To which is annexed the Declaration of Independence, which YARROW, THOMAS, 1778?-1841. was read, with a few introductory re- An oration, delivered at Port-Eliza- marks, by Alex. C. Macwhorter, esq. beth, state of New-Jersey, on the Fourth A.M. Newark: (N.J.) Printed by of July, 1799; being the twenty-third John Woods, 1793. 24p. 20^cm. anniversary of American independence. RUTGERS UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES 95 By Thomas Yarrow, M.L.C.S. BOGGS, JOHN. Philadelphia: Printed by John Bioren Orations, delivered by the Rev. John [1799] I5P- 21 cm. 6 Boggs. Trenton: Printed by James J. "Proceedings in Port Elizabeth . .": p. Wilson, 1811. 30p. 20^cm. 11 CI3H-I5- Delivered at Hopewell, N.J., the first for President Madison's inauguration in 1809, the 1800-1809 remaining three being Fourth of July orations, 1809-1811. CRANE, DANIEL, d. 1861. IMLAY, JAMES HENDERSON, 1764-1823. An oration, delivered at Bloomfield, Oration delivered by James H. Imlay, on the Fourth of July, 1801. By Daniel in the Presbyterian Church, Allentown, Crane, A.B. Newark, (New Jersey) on the Fourth of July, 1809 . Tren- Printed by Pennington & Gould, 1801. ton: Printed by James Oram, 1809. i6p. 19cm. 7 16p. 22*/2cm. 12 "Published by request of the audience." "Published by request of the committee of Contains Jefïersonian political comment. arrangements." 1783-1810. OGDEN, LEWIS MORRIS, WHELPLEY, SAMUEL, 1766-1817. An oration, delivered in the Presby- An oration by the Rev. Samuel terian Church at Newark, July 4th, Whelpley . delivered, in consequence 1803, being the anniversary of Ameri- of his illness, by his son, Melancton P. can independence, by Lewis Morris Og- Whelpley, in the Presbyterian Church den, A.B., student at law . Newark: in Morris-Town, July 4, 1809. Morris- Printed by John Wallis [1803] 12p. Town: Printed by Henry P. Russell, 23cm. 8 1809. 14p. 23^2cm. 13 "Published at the request of a number of the Copy imperfect: p.9-14 lacking. gentlemen of the town." Dow, JOHN, I766?-1838. 1810-1819 A discourse, delivered by request, July COOK, HENRY, 1769?-1824. 4, 1806, in the Methodist Church at A discourse on American independ- Belleville. By John Dow, minister of the ence; delivered on the Fourth of July, gospel. Newark, (N.J.) Printed by John 1811, at Metutchen meeting-house, by A. Crane, 1806. 22p. 21cm. 9 the Rev. Mr. Cook. New-Brunswick: Printed and published by David & [WESTCOTT, JAMES D.J 1775-1841. James Fitz Randolph [i8ii] 18p. An address delivered to the inhabit- 19cm. 14- ants of the township of Fairfield, Cum- "Agreeably to an arrangement, the Congrega- berland County, New Jersey, on the tions of Metutchen, Samptown, Piscataway and Fourth of July, 1808; in conformity Seventh-day Baptists met at Metutchen Meet- with their previous appointment, and ing-House . ." Copy imperfect: p.15-18 lacking. published in compliance with their re- quest. Philadelphia: Printed by John "A discourse on American independ- Binns, 1808. 12p. 2ij4cm. 10 ence, delivered on the Fourth of July, Copy bears contemporary manuscript note: "by James D Westcott Esq." 1811, at Metuchen meeting-house, by 96 THE JOURNAL OF THE the Rev. Mr. Cook." Hunt, Ezra Mun- KEAN, PETER, I788.?-I828. dy. History of Metuchen . Suffle- An oration, pronounced in the Pres- ment. [Metuchen, 1888] p.18-24, 15 byterian Church at Connecticut Farms, Reprinted from a copy of the original 1811 N.J., before the citizens of the township pamphlet in Dr. Hunt's possession. of Union, on the Fourth of July, 1818. SOUTHARD, SAMUEL LEWIS, 1787-1842. By Peter Kean, esq. Elizabeth- An oration, delivered at Flemington, Town: Printed by J. and E. Sanderson, Hunterdon County, state of New-Jersey, 1818. 14p. 23^cm. 21 on the Fourth of July, 1811, by Samuel "Published at the request of the committee L. Southard, esq. Trenton: Printed by of arrangements." James Oram, 1811. 21p. 22^2cm. 1820-1829 FRELINGHUYSEN, FREDERICK, 1788- CUMMING, HOOPER, 1788-1825. 1820. An oration, delivered at Newark, An oration, delivered July fourth, N.J., July 4, 1823. By Hooper Cum- 1812. Before the New-Jersey Washing- ming . pastor of the Presbyterian ton Benevolent Society, in the city of Church in Van De Water Street, New- New-Brunswick. By Frederick Freling- York. Newark: Printed by John Tuttle huysen . New-Brunswick: Published & Co., 1823. 23p. 23^cm. 22 by C. D. Green & Co.; L. Deare, printer, 1812. 16p. 20cm, 17 KEAN, PETER, I788.?-I828. Oration, delivered in the First Pres- KEAN, PETER, I788.?-I828. byterian Church in Elizabeth-town, An oration delivered in the Presby- N.J., by the request of a committee of terian Church at Elizabeth-Town, the honourable Cincinnati Society of (N.J.) on Saturday, July 4, 1812. By New-Jersey, before his excellency the Peter Kean, esq. Morris-Town: governor, the Hon. Cincinnati Society, Printed by Henry P. Russell, 1812. the inhabitants of the borough of Eliza- 16p. 19cm. 18 beth, and of the township of Union, CLARK, DANIEL ATKINSON, 1779-1840. July 4, 1823 . By Peter Kean, esq. Independence-sermon, delivered July . Elizabeth-town: Printed by J. and 4, 1814, at Hanover, N.
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