Technical Assistance Consultant's Report Bangladesh: Strengthening the Resilience of the Urban Water Supply, Drainage, And
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Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: TA 7890 April 2013 Bangladesh: Strengthening the Resilience of the Urban Water Supply, Drainage, and Sanitation to Climate Change in Coastal Towns (Finance by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction) This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and th e Gove rnment can not be held lia ble f or its contents. (Fo r p roject p reparatory techni cal assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. TA 7890-BAN: Strengthening the Resilience of the Urban Water Supply, Drainage, and Sanitation to Climate Change in Coastal Towns (Financed by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction) FINAL REPORT Volume I Main Report April 2013 TA 7890-BAN: Strengthening the Resilience of the Urban Water Supply, Drainage, and Sanitation to Climate Change in Coastal Towns Final Report – Main Report Document Final Report – TA 7890-BAN: Strengthening the Resilience of the Urban Water Supply, Drainage, and Sanitation to Climate Change in Coastal Towns Ref TA 7890-BAN Date 30 April 2013 Prepared by G. Srinivasan Revision History Revision Revision Date Details Authorised Name/Position Signature Draft for submission to G. Srinivasan 1 30Jan2013 ADB//LGED (some Consultant Team sections incomplete) Leader nd G. Srinivasan 2 Draft for submission 2 4 Feb 2013 Consultant Team to ADB LGED Leader 3rdnd Draft for G. Srinivasan 3 11 Mar 2013 submission to ADB Consultant Team LGED Leader G. Srinivasan 4 30 April 2013 Final Draft Consultant Team Leader TA 7890-BAN: Strengthening the Resilience of the Urban Water Supply, Drainage, and Sanitation to Climate Change in Coastal Towns Final Report – Main Report Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1. Background ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Study Objectives............................................................................................... 1 1.3. Scope of Work .................................................................................................. 1 1.4. About the project and PPTA to follow ............................................................... 3 1.5. Organization of the report ................................................................................. 3 2. Context of the Coastal Towns ............................................................................... 5 2.1. Geographical context ........................................................................................ 5 2.2. Hydro-geomorphology ...................................................................................... 5 2.3. Socio-economic context .................................................................................... 8 2.4. Growth and development .................................................................................. 8 2.5. Unique climate risks – climate vulnerability ....................................................... 9 2.6. Water supply, Drainage, Sanitation and Public Health .................................... 12 2.7. Governance .................................................................................................... 13 2.8. Review of coastal zone projects ..................................................................... 14 2.9. The Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience .................................................. 18 3. Approach and Methodology ................................................................................ 20 4. Climate Projections ............................................................................................. 25 4.1. Climate Change scenarios .............................................................................. 25 4.2. Hydrodynamic modelling ................................................................................ 29 4.3. General Impacts on Urban Water Sector ........................................................ 38 4.4. Summary ........................................................................................................ 41 5. The Pilot Pourashavas – Amtali, Galachipa and Pirojpur ................................. 42 6. Amtali.................................................................................................................... 45 6.1. Topography .................................................................................................... 45 6.2. Land Use ........................................................................................................ 45 6.3. Socio-economic status.................................................................................... 49 6.4. Consultations with local residents ................................................................... 51 6.5. Current Infrastructure and Services ................................................................ 53 6.6. Requirements to meet Gaps and Growth ........................................................ 55 6.7. Impacts of climate change .............................................................................. 60 6.8. Climate Resilient Options ............................................................................... 64 6.9. Master Planning Process ................................................................................ 70 7. Galachipa ............................................................................................................. 72 7.1. Topography .................................................................................................... 72 7.2. Land Use ........................................................................................................ 73 7.3. Socio-economic status.................................................................................... 76 7.4. Consultations with local residents ................................................................... 77 TA 7890-BAN: Strengthening the Resilience of the Urban Water Supply, Drainage, and Sanitation to Climate Change in Coastal Towns Final Report – Main Report 7.5. Current Infrastructure and Services ................................................................ 79 7.6. Requirements to meet Gaps and Growth ........................................................ 80 7.7. Impacts of Climate Change ............................................................................ 83 7.8. Climate Resilient Options ............................................................................... 86 7.9. Master Planning Process ................................................................................ 90 8. Pirojpur ................................................................................................................. 92 8.1. Topography .................................................................................................... 92 8.2. Land Use ........................................................................................................ 93 8.3. Socio-economic Status ................................................................................... 95 8.4. Consultations with local residents ................................................................... 96 8.5. Current Infrastructure and Services ................................................................ 97 8.6. Requirements to meet Gaps and Growth ...................................................... 101 8.7. Impacts of climate change ............................................................................ 105 8.8. Climate Resilient Options ............................................................................. 111 8.9. Master Planning Process .............................................................................. 115 9. Options for Climate Resilience and their Financial Implications ................... 117 9.1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 117 9.2. Recommendations for Adaptations to provide Climate Resilience Measures 117 9.4. Additional impact costs due to climate change: ............................................ 131 9.5. Cost Analysis for Recommended Options of Study Towns ........................... 136 9.6. Infrastructure Evaluation by Year 2050 ......................................................... 137 9.7. Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) ......................................................................... 139 9.8. Limitations of the analysis ............................................................................ 140 9.9. Financial and Economic Analysis ................................................................. 140 10. Strengthening the Capacity and Awareness of Key Stakeholders ................. 144 10.1. National and Institutional .............................................................................. 144 10.2. In Pourashava .............................................................................................. 144 11. Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................... 155 References ................................................................................................................ 163 TA 7890-BAN: Strengthening the Resilience of the Urban Water Supply, Drainage, and Sanitation to Climate Change in Coastal Towns Final Report – Main Report List of Tables