DOCSLIB.ORG

The Invertebrates of the Grass Layer

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Invertebrates of the Grass Layer INVERTEBRATES OF THE GRASS LAYER Among primary consumers, the short-horned grasshoppers (Acrididae) rank first in the two areas The most abundant invertebrates of the savanna studied; at the beginning of the dry season they layer are the arthropods. Among them, spi- represent 49.7% of the arthropod biomass at Fété s mites (Acari) has not yet been elucidated Argentinian chaco. Other primary consumers well vanna vegetatioa- Zaracas. Aciu Bor. viduals per square metre in some natural grass- feed upon grass. mode titiirteti/cvd By far, the most numerous invertebrate secon- tad de Ciencias. dary consumers in the two African sites studied are the spiders. At Lamto, they make up from 15 to reconstruction of 29% of the arthropod biomass according to the DOMINANT GROUPS OF SAVANNA Zev., 33. 376-396. season, and 4 to 12% at Fété Olé. In both areas, four families are particularly well represented in the s en lu GUUIUM The relative importance of the various taxo- spider community, but in different proportions: the nomic categories of arthropods is very different in Thomisidae, Salticidae, Drassidae and Lycosidae open savannas and in tropical forest habitats, (Blandin, 1974; D. Gillon and Gillon, 1974). although comparison is made difficult by the lack Together with the ants (see Ch. 24), their trophic of any reliable sampling method for the forest impact upon other invertebrates must be consider- canopy. Furthermore, some arthropod groups play able. In the savannas of the Argentinian chaco, the presented in West African savannas are the The relative numbers and biomasses of the major Mantodea among orthopteroid insects, the arthropod groups in the grass layer of two West Reduvidae among Hemiptera, the Diopsidae, African study sites are represented in Fig. 11.1 (see Chloropidae, Bombyliidae, Dolichopodidae and also Tables 11.1 and 11.2 for Lamto). Tachinidae among Diptera, the Meloidae among 290 Y.GILLON LAMTO FÉTÉ ,OLÉ .......I .. .. ... ..'. ...I... individuals per 100 sq.m. ,.... El dry weight per 100 sq.m. Fig. 11.1 Numbers and biomasses of the major groups of grass layer arthropods, in two contrasted West African savannas, at two different times of the year, the rainy season (left) and the dry season (right). After Gillon and Gillon (1974). Coleoptera, and the Sphecoidea among to 58% of the total arthropod biomass depending Hymenoptera. on the season; two species were even particularly Saprophages are numerous among savanna ar- abundant during the dry season' (D. Gillon and thropods. The most common are obviously the Gillon, 1974). Other groups well represented in termites (see Ch. 23), but other groups are also xeric African savannas are the Solifugae and SCOT- ' well represented, such as the Calliphoridae and pions among the Arachnida, and the Embiopten Drosophilidae among Diptera. The silverfishes among the insects. (Thysanura), cockroaches (Blattidae) and crickets The seed-eating insect community is also prob- (Gryllidae) are far less numerous in savannas than ably different in dry and humid tropics (D. Gillon in forest habitats. The same is true for Diplopoda and Gillon, 1974). The few studies carried out SO f3r I (Chilognatha and Polydesmoidea). on seed beetles (Bruchidae) all point out that thest Despite many common characteristics, there are seed predators are extremely host-specific (Cenla however some significant differences between the and Johnson, 1974; Janzen, 1977). arthropod communities of the driest and the more The savanna/forest boundary sometimes has humid savannas. Some of these differences are also a peculiar insect fauna. Pollet (197% for shown on Fig. 11.1 which compares the relative example, has found in the Ivory Coast tbc importance of the major taxonomic groups at Lygaeidae, Chrysomelidae, Languridae. * different seasons at Fété Olé and Lamto. The most punculidae, Tenthredinidae and Chalcidid3' obvious is the predominance of tenebrionid beetles were particularly numerous at the forest/savanno (Tenebrionidae) in the Sahelian savanna. Nineteen ecotone. Drosophilidae are also very ,Umerous species have been found there, representing from 19 there, more than 100 species having been NA INVERTEBRATES 29 1 of the various groups of Arthropoda in the grass layer of the Lamto savanna (Ivory Coast) during a yearly cycle 0.09 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.02 1.55 0.37 0.54 0.37 1.12 0.97 1.65 3.47 1.65 1.05 2.05 2.02 0.35 0.57 0.27 0.20 0.37 0.65 0.60 0.87 0.40 0.52 0.40 1.32 0.17 1.95 2.36 2.47 1.90 2.07 1.87 1.67 1.47 1.20 0.90 1.30 0.05 0.05 006 0.05 0.45 0.45 0.80 1.10 0.45 0.37 0.50 0.42 0.05 0.12 0.25 0.87 0.15 0.05 0.10 1.85 0.40 0.40 0.77 0.60 2.37 4.42 3.50 4.15 2.75 3.37 1.75 0.02 0.17 0.07 0.25 0.27 0.52 0.90 1.95 1.82 1.10 0.12 0.32 0.30 0.60 0.85 0.45 0.27 0.65 0.80 0.45 0.50 1.20 0.72 0.05 0.50 0.30 0.35 0.12 0.22 0.22 0.10 0.17 0.27 0.50 0.25 0.47 0.69 2.25 1.70 0.70 0.45 0.55 0.70 0.17 0.22 0.05 0.17 0.22 0.39 0.60 0.55 0.67 0.92 1.47 0.40 0.70 0.72 0.72 0.85 0.62 2.66 2.02 1.75 2.65 3.17 5.15 3.70 4.45 2.42 1.67 0.25 0.05 0.17 0.25 0.27 0.57 0.92 0.42 0.72 0.47 0.50 0.30 0.17 0.12 0.10 0.02 0.17.0.15 0.12 0.10 0.05 0.10 0.07 0.30 0.12 0.10 0.15 0.05 0.22 0.35 0.15 0.45 0.60 0.10 2.12 4.07 0.45 1.45 1.50 2.75 2.20 3.40 0.95 1.20 1.82 3.37 0.82 0.50 1.06 1.02 18.52 2.95 2.57 2.57 4.50 7.12 3.15 2.47 1.00 1.12 1.00 1.05 0.32 0.60 0.35 0.67 0.50 2.40 1.72 1.37 0.22 0.27 0.65 0.32 0.35 0.57 0.40 0.45 0.57 0.82 0.62 0.22 3.27 0.30 0.95 0.55 0.40 1.25 0.67 1.65 2.80 2.92 1.17 1.07 0.02 0.02 0.17 0.14 0.17 0.02 0.30 0.12 1.25 0.35 0.07 However, the comparison of the live weights of all the arthropods sampled in the same way, by the same observers, on two 25-m2 plots, in two very different West African savannas (Fété Olé and between individuals in the two samples. The live weight of an average arthropod was 6.7 mg at Fété Olé, as compared with 10.2 mg at Lamto (D. Gillon and Gillon, 1974). Two explanations come to mind Tropical insects are usually famous for their large to account for such a size difference. First, the 292 Y. GILLON TABLE 11.2 Biomasses (mg dry wt. m-*) of the various groups of Arthropoda in the grass layer of the Lamto savanna during a yearly cycle (D. Gillon and Gillon, 1974) - Jan. Febr. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. NOV. Dec. - Spiders 100.37 45.12 42.50 76.25 39.85 59.60 59.10 79.58 39.48 72.98 84.17 78.90 Opiliones 0.47 0.40 0.61 0.37 0.60 0.60 Scorpions 1.37 0.35 0.27 0.91 0.60 1.42 0.25 Blattaria 10.25 0.62 5.22 2.37 4.58 13.17 11.01 23.25 16.36 10.15 34.83 30.50 , Mantodea 3.06 5.12 18.56 8.87 6.52 15.47 10.77 9.62 3.51 41.21 4.36 13.37 Acridids 11.25 51.37 86.25 155.12 72.93 48.80 53.86 38.63 54.75 61.73 72.05 161.00 Tetrigids 0.44 0.62 0.69 0.50 5.38 7.90 7.00 15.41 4.56 3.48 4.86 4.75 Tridactylids 0.09 0.15 0.51 1.40 0.42 0.06 0.18 Gryllidae 7.12 15.75 9.47 55.00 11.38 19.16 23.87 24.71 23.48 16.41 51.73 19.69 Tettigonids 1.25 10.56 2.81 9.71 13.08 5.96 2.76 9.72 80.35 129.36 2.77 Pentatomids 2.87 4.56 6.75 11.68 9.02 5.71 19.98 17.85 8.33 6.43 20.07 9.12 Coreids 0.87 5.25 5.62 3.07 2.10 2.70 1.80 0.38 1.30 2.51 3.87 Lygaeids 0.62 1.31 1.06 5.75 3.70 1.26 1.10 2.32 0.90 0.50 0.51 0.50 Reduvids 1.87 3.00 3.39 9.50 2.62 9.78 8.40 11.66 4.32 8.77 24.06 5.62 Homoptera 0.75 2.00 6.34 7.00 3.38 8.40 9.02 10.46 5.28 10.50 9.81 6.25 Carabid beetles 2.00 0.25 3.81 8.87 5.76 7.58 12.43 4.63 15.86 15.43 11.18 5.65 Coleoptera (others) 6.00 6.75 9.06 8.65 48.32 15.20 18.28 12.58 16.30 25.80 15.15 16.87 Lepidoptem 29.31 14.81 24.47 16.90 2.50 8.57 21.92 16.07 4.63 32.73 95.13 19.87 ' Hymenoptera 1.50 1.37 4.65 3.12 2.22 1.62 1.02 1.23 0.73 4.66 3.85 0.87 Diptera 7.62 0.87 3.19 1.62 1.75 3.70 1.86 2.68 6.36 7.77 5.37 4.31 Others 0.12 1.25 0.68 0.93 2.01 0.21 1.01 1.46 2.00 0.85 Toial 185.15 156.89 243.27 380.56 235.05 241.67 270.82 277.61 216.96 403.59 571.93 384.94 large size would not therFfore be adaptive for most 5.3 mg in September in northern Senegal and arthropods of the grass layer in the Sahel.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Taxonomic Status of the Genera Sorosporella and Syngliocladium Associated with Grasshoppers and Locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa
    Mycol. Res. 106 (6): 737–744 (June 2002). # The British Mycological Society 737 DOI: 10.1017\S0953756202006056 Printed in the United Kingdom. Taxonomic status of the genera Sorosporella and Syngliocladium associated with grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa Harry C. EVANS* and Paresh A. SHAH† CABI Bioscience UK Centre, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks. SL5 7TA, UK. E-mail: h.evans!cabi.org Received 2 September 2001; accepted 28 April 2002. The occurrence of disease outbreaks associated with the genus Sorosporella on grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa is reported. Infected hosts, representing ten genera within five acridoid subfamilies, are characterized by red, thick-walled chlamydospores which completely fill the cadaver. On selective media, the chlamydospores, up to seven-years-old, germinated to produce a Syngliocladium anamorph which is considered to be undescribed. The new species Syngliocladium acridiorum is described and two varieties are delimited: var. acridiorum, on various grasshopper and locust genera from the Sahelian region of West Africa; and, var. madagascariensis, on the Madagascan migratory locust. The ecology of these insect-fungal associations is discussed. Sorosporella is treated as a synonym of Syngliocladium. INTRODUCTION synanamorph, Syngliocladium Petch. Subsequently, Hodge, Humber & Wozniak (1998) described two Between 1990 and 1993, surveys for mycopathogens of Syngliocladium species from the USA and emended the orthopteran pests were conducted in Africa and Asia as generic diagnosis, which also included Sorosporella as a part of a multinational, collaborative project for the chlamydosporic synanamorph. biological control of grasshoppers and locusts of the Based on these recent developments, the taxonomic family Acridoidea or Acrididae (Kooyman & Shah status of the collections on African locusts and 1992).
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Study on the Various Species of Locusts with Special
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2016; 4(6): 38-45 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Comparative study on the various species of locusts JEZS 2016; 4(6): 38-45 © 2016 JEZS with special reference to its population fluctuation Received: 07-09-2016 Accepted: 08-10-2016 from Thar Desert, Sindh Ahmed Ali Samejo Department of Zoology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro- Ahmed Ali Samejo and Riffat Sultana Pakistan Abstract Riffat Sultana Thar Desert is most favorable for life of human throughout the deserts of the world. It is rain fed land, Department of Zoology, some patches are cultivated by farmers in the form of fields for producing sources of economy, other University of Sindh, Jamshoro- Pakistan large part of desert remains untouched for natural vegetation for livestock, but unfortunately little yield of desert is also affected by variety of insect including locusts. During present study four species of locusts; belonging to four genera Anacridium, Cyrtacanthacris, Locusta and Schistocerca, two subfamilies Cyrtacanthacridinae and Oedipodenae and one family Acrididae were reported from Thar Desert from June 2015 to May 2016. Comparative study revealed that two species Schistocerca gregaria and Locusta migratoria are swarming and destructive while, Anacridium aegyptium and Cyrtacanthacridinae tatarica are non-swarming but are larger in body size and graze more vegetation than both swarming species. Though these four species have ecological and morphological difference but the nature of damage is almost similar. All these species were recorded as pest of foliage of all crops and natural vegetation. Keywords: Comparative morphology, geographic distribution, locusts, Thar Desert, damage to useful plants 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Biosecurity Plan for the Vegetable Industry
    Biosecurity Plan for the Vegetable Industry A shared responsibility between government and industry Version 3.0 May 2018 Plant Health AUSTRALIA Location: Level 1 1 Phipps Close DEAKIN ACT 2600 Phone: +61 2 6215 7700 Fax: +61 2 6260 4321 E-mail: [email protected] Visit our web site: www.planthealthaustralia.com.au An electronic copy of this plan is available through the email address listed above. © Plant Health Australia Limited 2018 Copyright in this publication is owned by Plant Health Australia Limited, except when content has been provided by other contributors, in which case copyright may be owned by another person. With the exception of any material protected by a trade mark, this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivs 3.0 Australia licence. Any use of this publication, other than as authorised under this licence or copyright law, is prohibited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ - This details the relevant licence conditions, including the full legal code. This licence allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to Plant Health Australia (as below). In referencing this document, the preferred citation is: Plant Health Australia Ltd (2018) Biosecurity Plan for the Vegetable Industry (Version 3.0 – 2018) Plant Health Australia, Canberra, ACT. This project has been funded by Hort Innovation, using the vegetable research and development levy and contributions from the Australian Government. Hort Innovation is the grower-owned, not for profit research and development corporation for Australian horticulture Disclaimer: The material contained in this publication is produced for general information only.
    [Show full text]
  • An Inventory of Short Horn Grasshoppers in the Menoua Division, West Region of Cameroon
    AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY JOURNAL OF NORTH AMERICA ISSN Print: 2151-7517, ISSN Online: 2151-7525, doi:10.5251/abjna.2013.4.3.291.299 © 2013, ScienceHuβ, http://www.scihub.org/ABJNA An inventory of short horn grasshoppers in the Menoua Division, West Region of Cameroon Seino RA1, Dongmo TI1, Ghogomu RT2, Kekeunou S3, Chifon RN1, Manjeli Y4 1Laboratory of Applied Ecology (LABEA), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 353 Dschang, Cameroon, 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Agronomic Sciences (FASA), University of Dschang, P.O. Box 222, Dschang, Cameroon. 3 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Yaoundé 1, Cameroun 4 Department of Biotechnology and Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Agronomic Sciences (FASA), University of Dschang, P.O. Box 222, Dschang, Cameroon. ABSTRACT The present study was carried out as a first documentation of short horn grasshoppers in the Menoua Division of Cameroon. A total of 1587 specimens were collected from six sites i.e. Dschang (265), Fokoue (253), Fongo – Tongo (267), Nkong – Ni (271), Penka Michel (268) and Santchou (263). Identification of these grasshoppers showed 28 species that included 22 Acrididae and 6 Pyrgomorphidae. The Acrididae belonged to 8 subfamilies (Acridinae, Catantopinae, Cyrtacanthacridinae, Eyprepocnemidinae, Oedipodinae, Oxyinae, Spathosterninae and Tropidopolinae) while the Pyrgomorphidae belonged to only one subfamily (Pyrgomorphinae). The Catantopinae (Acrididae) showed the highest number of species while Oxyinae, Spathosterninae and Tropidopolinae showed only one species each. Ten Acrididae species (Acanthacris ruficornis, Anacatantops sp, Catantops melanostictus, Coryphosima stenoptera, Cyrtacanthacris aeruginosa, Eyprepocnemis noxia, Gastrimargus africanus, Heteropternis sp, Ornithacris turbida, and Trilophidia conturbata ) and one Pyrgomorphidae (Zonocerus variegatus) were collected in all the six sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 13 SOUTHERN AFRICA
    Chapter 13 Zimbabwe Chapter 13 SOUTHERN AFRICA: ZIMBABWE Taxonomic Inventory Taxa and life stages consumed Coleoptera Buprestidae (metallic woodborers) Sternocera funebris (author?), adult Sternocera orissa Buquet, adult Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles) Lepidiota (= Eulepida) anatine (author?), adult Lepidiota (= Eulepida) masnona (author?), adult Lepidiota (= Eulepida)nitidicollis (author?), adult Miscellaneous Coleoptera Scientific name(s) unreported Hemiptera Pentatomidae (stink bugs) Euchosternum (= Haplosterna; = Encosternum) delegorguei (Spinola) (= delagorguei), adult Pentascelis remipes (author?), adult Pentascelis wahlbergi (author?), adult Miscellaneous Hemiptera Scientific name(s) unreported Homoptera Cicadidae (cicadas) Loba leopardina (author?) Hymenoptera Apidae (honey bees) Trigona spp., larvae Formicidae (ants) Carebara vidua Sm., winged adult Isoptera Termitidae Macrotermes falciger Gerstacker (= goliath), winged adult, soldier, queen Macrotermes natalensis Haviland Lepidoptera Lasiocampidae (eggar moths, lappets) Lasiocampid sp., larva Limacodidae (slug caterpillars) Limacodid sp. Notodontidae (prominents) Anaphe panda (Boisdv.), larva Saturniidae (giant silkworm moths) Bunaea (= Bunea) alcinoe (Stoll), larva Bunaea sp., larva Cirina forda (Westwood), larva 1 of 12 9/20/2012 2:02 PM Chapter 13 Zimbabwe Gonimbrasia belina Westwood, larva Goodia kuntzei Dewitz (?), larva Gynanisa sp. (?), larva Imbrasia epimethea Drury, larva Imbrasia ertli Rebel, larva Lobobunaea sp., larva Microgone sp., (?), larva Pseudobunaea sp. (?),
    [Show full text]
  • Julius Firmicus Maternus: De Errore Profanarum Religionum
    RICE UNIVERSITY JULIUS FIRMICUS MATERNUS: DE ERRORE PROFANARUM RELIGIONUM. INTRODUCTION, TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY by Richard E. Oster, Jr. A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS Thesis Director's Signature: Houston, Texas May 1971 ABSTRACT JULIUS FIRMICUS MATERNUS: DE ERRORE PROFANARUM RELIGIONUM. INTRODUCTION, TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY BY Richard E. Oster, Jr. B.A. Texas Technological College M.A. Rice University Julius Firmicus Maternus, author of De Errore Profanarum Religiomm. and Mathesis, is an important but oftentimes over¬ looked writer from the middle of the fourth century. He is known to us only from the two works which he left behind, the former being a Christian polemic against pagan religion and the latter, a work he wrote while still a pagan, being on the subject of astrology. It is his Christian work which is the topic of this thesis. The middle of the fourth century when Firmicus wrote his work, A.D. 346-350, was a time of religious change and struggle in the Roman Empire. Within Christianity there were still troubles over the issues which precipitated the Council of Nicea. Outside of the church, paganism, though on the defensive, was still strong. Legislation had been passed against the pagan cults but it was not being enforced. So, about A.D. 348, a Roman Senator, Julius Firmicus Maternus, wrote a letter Concerning the Error of Profane 1 2 Religions to the Emperors Constans and Constantius. The first section of this work, chapters 1-17, presents the various gods of antiquity. Firmicus ridicules these by de¬ picting the crimes and immorality of the gods, by showing that the pagan gods were nothing more than personified elements or processes of nature.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper Teplate
    Volume-03 ISSN: 2455-3085 (Online) Issue-12 RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary December -2018 www.rrjournals.com [UGC Listed Journal] Biology of acridid grasshopper, Chrotogonus trachypterus Blanchard -A review Shashi Meena Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (India) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Grasshoppers are abundant and most diverse group of was studied by various workers [1, 17]. Observations were also insects worldwide. They are ployphagous in nature and made on population density, seasonal history and number of become voracious foliage feeder when occupying maximum generations, food preferences, development on different food population density [29, 30]. Grasshoppers, belong to family plants, nature and extent of damage caused by C. trachypterus ‘Acrididae’, order Orthoptera, feed voraciously on green plants in Punjab [6]. Patterns of variation in external morphology, and vegetation, throughout India and other parts of the world biology and ecology of immature and adults of C. trachypterus and cause severe damage. They consume considerable was also illustrated [5, 11, 12]. amount of foliage during their nymphal stage and damage millets, vegetables, cereal, citrus and ornamental plants. The eggs of acridids in general are slightly curved in the Migratory grasshoppers can also attack on other shrubs and middle and blunt at the ends and are enclosed in a frothy plants and consume all parts of them [14]. secretion of accessory glands and laid eggs at a depth of 4.81± 0.09 cm [9, 13, 32, 33, 34]. C. trachypterus on an Surface grasshopper, Chrotogonus trachypterus average laid 71.10±24.54 eggs. The highest fertility of eggs Blanchard is a polyphagous pest and occurs through the year was observed at fluctuating temperature but in contrast C.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventaire Et Originalité Du Peuplement Animal De La Prairie D'altitude Du
    LE PEUPLEMENT ANIMAL DE LA PRAIRIE D’ALTITUDE 51 Inventaire et originalité du peuplement animal de la prairie d’altitude du Nimba Maxime LAMOTTE & Roger ROY Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Bâtiment d’Entomologie, 45, rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France RÉSUMÉ Milieu bien délimité et d’une originalité certaine, la prairie d’altitude du Nimba a fait l’objet de nombeuses prospections faunistiques depuis 1942. Le matériel observé et recueilli a été étudié par de nombreux spécialistes, de sorte que l’on peut présenter maintenant, au moins pour les groupes les mieux connus, un inventaire valable de la faune. C’est ainsi que sont traités, avec des développements variés, les Némathelminthes, les Annélides, les Mollusques, les Arthropodes, avec une attention particulière pour les Insectes, et les Vertébrés. Le problème de l’endémisme des espèces trouvées seulement dans la prairie d’altitude est ensuite posé, problème non résolu dans de nombreux cas étant donné l’imprécision avec laquelle est encore connue la faune africaine dans son ensemble. ABSTRACT Census and originality of the animal community in the Nimba altitude grassland The Nimba altitude grassland, which constitutes a well delimited habitat with great originality, has been the object of numerous faunistic surveys since 1942. The specimens observed and collected were studied by many specialists, so that we can now, at least for the best known groups, set out a good census of the fauna. Thus, are treated with various extents the Nemathelminthes, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda with a special attention for Insecta, and Vertebrata. The problem of endemism for those species found only in the altitude grassland is then tackled, a problem unresolved in many cases considering the imprecision with which is known the African fauna in its whole.
    [Show full text]
  • Entomopathogens of Anacridium Aegyptium L. in Crete1
    I-NTOMOl.OGIA HEI.I.F.NICA 14 (2001-2002): 5-10 Entomopathogens of Anacridium aegyptium L. in Crete1 N. E. RODITAKIS2, D. KOLLAROS3 and A. LEGAKIS3 2NAGREF-Plant Protection Institute Heraclion Crete, 710 03 Katsabas, Heraclion -'Department of Biology University of Crete ABSTRACT The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria tassiana (Bals.) Vuil. was recorded for the first time on Anacridium aegyptium L. in Crete. The insects were fed on pieces of leaf subjected to a serial dilution of spores over three to four orders of magnitute. Comparative studies on the virulence of ß. bassiana (I 91612 local isolate) and Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum (IMI 330189 standard isolate of IIBC) showed that M. anisopliae var. acridum was more virulent than B. bassiana at a conidial concentration lower or equal to 106 per ml while they were similarly virulent on first stage nymphs at 107 conidia per ml. Introduction 40 ind./ha) in winter that reaches much higher lev­ els during some summers. The reasons of these A three year study ( 1990-1992) was started on lo­ sporadic outbreaks remain unknown. By contrast custs in Crete aiming to study Cretan acridofauna, it is always harmful on field vegetables in Chan­ including species composition and their seasonal dras, Sitia (East Crete) so the local Agricultural abundance on main crops, harmful species and Advisory Services suggests extensive control native biological agents. Grapes are the second measures based on insecticides. crop in order of importance of Cretan agriculture. Crop losses dued to locust Anacridium aegyptium It is known that microbial agents such as the had been noticed on certain locations in Crete in entomopathogenic fungi cause epizootics affect­ the past (Roditakis 1990).
    [Show full text]
  • Traditional Consumption of and Rearing Edible Insects in Africa, Asia and Europe
    Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition ISSN: 1040-8398 (Print) 1549-7852 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/bfsn20 Traditional consumption of and rearing edible insects in Africa, Asia and Europe Dele Raheem, Conrado Carrascosa, Oluwatoyin Bolanle Oluwole, Maaike Nieuwland, Ariana Saraiva, Rafael Millán & António Raposo To cite this article: Dele Raheem, Conrado Carrascosa, Oluwatoyin Bolanle Oluwole, Maaike Nieuwland, Ariana Saraiva, Rafael Millán & António Raposo (2018): Traditional consumption of and rearing edible insects in Africa, Asia and Europe, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1440191 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1440191 Accepted author version posted online: 15 Feb 2018. Published online: 15 Mar 2018. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 90 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=bfsn20 CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1440191 Traditional consumption of and rearing edible insects in Africa, Asia and Europe Dele Raheema,b, Conrado Carrascosac, Oluwatoyin Bolanle Oluwoled, Maaike Nieuwlande, Ariana Saraivaf, Rafael Millanc, and Antonio Raposog aDepartment for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; bFaculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;
    [Show full text]
  • Grasshoppers and Locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian Territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History
    Zoology and Ecology ISSN: 2165-8005 (Print) 2165-8013 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tzec20 Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History Mohammad Abusarhan, Zuhair S. Amr, Manal Ghattas, Elias N. Handal & Mazin B. Qumsiyeh To cite this article: Mohammad Abusarhan, Zuhair S. Amr, Manal Ghattas, Elias N. Handal & Mazin B. Qumsiyeh (2017): Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History, Zoology and Ecology, DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 Published online: 26 Apr 2017. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tzec20 Download by: [Bethlehem University] Date: 26 April 2017, At: 04:32 ZOOLOGY AND ECOLOGY, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History Mohammad Abusarhana, Zuhair S. Amrb, Manal Ghattasa, Elias N. Handala and Mazin B. Qumsiyeha aPalestine Museum of Natural History, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine; bDepartment of Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY We report on the collection of grasshoppers and locusts from the Occupied Palestinian Received 25 November 2016 Territories (OPT) studied at the nascent Palestine Museum of Natural History. Three hundred Accepted 28 March 2017 and forty specimens were collected during the 2013–2016 period.
    [Show full text]
  • 52 1 Entomologie 14-Xi-1980 Catalogue Des
    Bull. Inst. r. Sei. nat. Belg. Bruxelles Bull. K. Belg. Inst. Nat. Wet. Brussel 14-XI-1980 1 52 1 ENTOMOLOGIE CATALOGUE DES ORTHOPTEROIDES CONSERVES DANS LES COLLECTIONS ENTOMOLOGIQUES DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE BLATTOPTEROIDEA : 12me partie: Mantodea PAR P. VANSCHUYTBROECK (Bruxelles) Poursuivant l'inventaire du matériel Orthoptéroïdes des collections de l'Institut, nous publions, ci-dessous, le catalogue de la super-famille des Blattopteroïdea : Mantodea et la liste des exemplaires de valeur typique. La présente mise en ordre, la reche.vohe et l'authentification des types ont été réalisées par l'examen de tous les spécimens des diverses collections et les descr.iptions oüginales et ultérieures (SAUSSURE, STAL, de BORRE, GIGLIO-TOS, WERNER, BEIER, GÜNTHER et ROY). Nous avons suivi dans l'établissement du présent catalogue, la classification « Klassen und Ordnungen des Terreichs » par le Prof. Dr. M. BEIER. La collection de Mantides est fort importante et .comprend les familles suivantes : Chaeteessidae HANDLIRSCH; Metallyticidae CHOPARD; Amorphoscelidae STAL; Eremiaphilidae WOOD-MASON; Hymenopo­ didae CHOPARD; Mantidae BURMEISTER; Empusidae BURMEISTER, comportant 135 genres et 27 4 espèces. 2 P. VANSCHUYTBROECK 52, 29 I. - Famille des CHAETEESSIDAE HANDLIRSCH, 1926 1. - Genre Chaeteessa BURMEISTER, 1833. Chaetteessa BURMEISTER, 1833, Handb. Entom., 2, p. 527 (Hoplophora PERTY). T y p e d u g en r e . - Chaeteessa filata BURMEISTER. 1) Chaeteessa tenuis (PERTY), 1833, Delect. An. artic., 25, p. 127 (Hoplophora). 1 exemplaire : ô; Brésil (det. : SAUSSURE). II. - Famille des METALLYTICIDAE CHOPARD, 1946 2. - Genre Metallycus WESTWOOD, 1835. Metallycus WESTWOOD, 1835, Zool. Journ., 5, p. 441 (Metal­ leutica BURMEISTER). Type du genre .
    [Show full text]