Teacher Resource Pack I, Malvolio
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The Representation of Puritans in William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night
AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies, Volume2, Number 1, February 2018 Pp. 97-105 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol2no1.7 The Representation of Puritans in William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night Rachid MEHDI Department of English, Faculty of Art Abderahmane-Mira University of Bejaia, Algeria Abstract This article is a study on the representation of Puritans in William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night; or, What You Will, one of his most popular comic play in the modern theatre. In mocking Malvolio’s morality and ridiculous behaviour, Shakespeare wanted to denounce Puritans’ sober society in early modern England. Indeed, Puritans were depicted in the play as being selfish, idiot, hypocrite, and killjoy. In the same way, many other writers of different generations, obviously influenced by Shakespeare, have espoused his views and consequently contributed to promote this anti-Puritan literature, which is still felt today. This article discusses whether Shakespeare’s portrayal of Puritans was accurate or not. To do so, the writer first attempts to define the term “Puritan,” as the latter is quite equivocal, then take some Puritans’ characteristics, namely hypocrisy and killjoy, as provided in the play, and analyze them in the light of the studies of some historians and scholars, experts on the post Reformation Puritanism, to demonstrate that Shakespeare’s view on Puritanism is completely caricatural. Keywords: caricature, early modern theatre, Malvolio, Puritans, satire Cite as: MEHDI, R. (2018). The Representation of Puritans in William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night. Arab World English Journal for Translation & Literary Studies, 2 (1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol2no1.7 Arab World English Journal for Translation & Literary Studies 97 eISSN: 2550-1542 |www.awej-tls.org AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies Volume, 2 Number 1, February 2018 The Representation of Puritans in William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night MEHDI Introduction Puritans had been the target of many English writers during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. -
The Tempest: Synopsis by Jo Miller, Grand Valley Shakespeare Festival Dramaturg
The Tempest: Synopsis By Jo Miller, Grand Valley Shakespeare Festival Dramaturg Long ago and far away, Prospero, the Duke of Milan, pursued the contemplative life of study while turning the administration of his Dukedom over to his brother [in our play a sister, Antonia], who, greedy for power, made a deal with the King of Naples to pay tribute to the King in exchange for help in usurping Prospero’s title. Together they banished Prospero from Milan, thrusting him out to sea in a rotten, leaky boat with his infant daughter, Miranda. Miraculously, the father and daughter survived and were marooned on an island where Sycorax, an evil witch who died after giving birth to Caliban, had also been exiled. Caliban is thus the only native inhabitant of the isle besides the spirit, Ariel, and his fellow airy beings. For twelve years now, Prospero and Miranda have lived in exile on this island, with Prospero as its de facto king, ruling over Caliban and all the spirits as his slaves, while he has nurtured Miranda and cultivated his powerful magic. At the moment play begins, that same King of Naples and his son Prince Ferdinand, along with the King’s brother [here a sister, Sebastiana], Prospero’s sister, Antonia, and the whole royal court, are sailing home from having given the Princess Claribel in marriage to the King of Tunis. Prospero conjures up a mighty tempest, which wrecks the King’s boat on the island, separating the mariners from the royal party, and isolating Ferdinand so that the King believes him drowned. -
Julius Caesar © 2015 American Shakespeare Center
THE AMERICAN SHAKESPEARE CENTER STUDY GUIDE Julius Caesar © 2015 American Shakespeare Center. All rights reserved. The following materials were compiled by the Education and Research Department of the American Shakespeare Center, 2015. Created by: Cass Morris, Academic Resources Manager; Sarah Enloe, Director of Education and Research; Ralph Cohen, ASC Executive Founding Director and Director of Mission; Jim Warren, ASC Artistic Director; Jay McClure, Associate Artistic Director; ASC Actors and Interns. Unless otherwise noted, all selections from Julius Caesar in this study guide use the stage directions as found in the 1623 Folio. All line counts come from the Norton Shakespeare, edited by Stephen Greenblatt et al, 1997. The American Shakespeare Center is partially supported by a grant from the Virginia Commission for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Arts. American Shakespeare Center Study Guides are part of Shakespeare for a New Generation, a national program of the National Endowment for the Arts in partnership with Arts Midwest. -2- Dear Fellow Educator, I have a confession: for almost 10 years, I lived a lie. Though I was teaching Shakespeare, taking some joy in pointing out his dirty jokes to my students and showing them how to fight using air broadswords; though I directed Shakespeare productions; though I acted in many of his plays in college and professionally; though I attended a three-week institute on teaching Shakespeare, during all of that time, I knew that I was just going through the motions. Shakespeare, and our educational system’s obsession with him, was still a bit of a mystery to me. -
Study Guide 2016-2017
Study Guide 2016-2017 by William Shakespeare Standards Theatre English Language Arts Social Studies TH.68.C.2.4: Defend personal responses. LAFS.68.RH.1.2: Determine central ideas. SS.912.H.1.5: Examine social issues. TH.68.C.3.1: Discuss design elements. LAFS.910.L.3.4: Determine unknown words. TH.68.H.1.5: Describe personal responses. LAFS.910.L.3.5: Demonstrate figurative language. TH.912.S.1.8: Use research to extract clues. LAFS.1112.SL.1.1: Initiate collaborative discussions. TH.912.S.2.9: Research artistic choices. TH.912.H.1.4: Interpret through historical lenses. Content Advisory: Antony and Cleopatra is a political drama fueled by intimate relationships. There are battle scenes. If it were a movie, Antony and Cleopatra would be rated “PG-13.” !1 Antony and Cleopatra Table of Contents Introduction p. 3 Enjoying Live Theater p. 3 About the Play p. 6 Plot Summary p. 6 Meet the Characters p. 7 Meet the Playwright p. 8 Historical Context p. 11 Elizabethan Theater p. 11 Activities p. 12 Themes and Discussion p. 17 Bibliography p. 17 !2 Antony and Cleopatra An Introduction Educators: Thank you for taking the time out of your very busy schedule to bring the joy of theatre arts to your classroom. We at Orlando Shakes are well aware of the demands on your time and it is our goal to offer you supplemental information to compliment your curriculum with ease and expediency. What’s New? Lots! First, let me take a moment to introduce our new Children’s Series Coordinator, Brandon Yagel. -
Gulling of Malvolio in Twelfth Night
Subject-English Hons. Core Course Semester II Paper -ENGH-H-CC-T-4 Teacher’s name-Nilanjana Chakraborty Gulling of Malvolio in Twelfth Night: Malvolio is the steward of Olivia’s household. He dislikes all manner of fun and festivity and for that reason he reproaches Sir Toby for making late night gathering. Maria calls him a kind of ‘Puritan’. His puritanism and aversion to fun misplace him in the jolly society of the Illyrians. He responds to revelry and humour of the household with indignation. His duty is to maintain order in the household. As Olivia is not really in mourning, she enjoys Feste’s disorderly playfulness. But Malvolio’s reaction to this disorder is ‘distempered’. He finds nothing but offence in Feste’s remarks. Malvolio is sick of self-love and Olivia says this right on his face, “O, you are sick of self-love, Malvolio, and taste with a distempered appetite.” Actually, he is suffering from the exaggerated sense of self-importance. He also lacks a sense of humour. Malvolio dislikes parties, drinking, merriment of all sorts, and so he is very critical about the conduct of Sir Toby and others who are always involved in frivolities. Sir Toby, Maria, Feste and Sir Andrew Aguecheek openly resent Malvolio and Maria calls him an “affectioned ass” who uses high-flown language without necessarily knowing its proper meaning. He is not resented only as a Puritan, but also for the fact that he aspires to marry Olivia. Before he sees the letter, he is indulging his ambitious and substantial day-dreams; they include not only marrying Olivia and thereby becoming Count Malvolio, but also, from that position reproving Sir Toby. -
Twelfth Night KEY CHARACTERS and SENSORY MOMENTS
Twelfth Night KEY CHARACTERS AND SENSORY MOMENTS Characters Viola Sebastian Olivia Malvolio Sir Andrew Sir Toby Feste Maria Orsino Antonio Sensory Moments Below is a chronological summary of the key sensory moments in each act and scene. Latex balloons are used onstage throughout the show. Visual, dialogue or sound cues indicating dramatic changes in light, noise or movement are in bold. PRESHOW • A preshow announcement plays over the loudspeaker and instruments tune onstage. ACT ONE SCENE ONE SENSORY MOMENTS • Feste begins to sing a song. When he puts DESCRIPTION a paper ship in the water, the storm begins. At Duke Orsino’s palace in Illyria, Cesario and There is frequent loud thunder, flickering others sing for Orsino. He’s in love with the lights and flashes of lightning via strobe countess Olivia, but it’s unrequited because she lights. Actors shout during the turmoil, is in mourning for her brother and won’t receive cymbals crash and drums rumble. his messengers. • The storm sequence lasts about 90 seconds. • After the storm, lights slowly illuminate SENSORY MOMENTS the stage. • Actors begin singing a song. Orsino enters the stage and picks up a balloon. When he walks to the center of the stage, the balloon SCENE TWO pops loudly. • When Orsino says, “Love-thoughts lie rich DESCRIPTION when canopied with bowers,” the actors Viola washes ashore in Illyria, saved by the leave the stage, suspenseful music plays and ship’s captain. She asks the captain to help her the lights go dark. disguise herself so she can get work in Orsino’s court. -
An Analysis of Shakespeare' S Recycling of Characters To
Articulāte Volume 10 Article 3 2017 Running Out of Sources (An analysis of Shakespeare' s recycling of characters to consciously or unconciously create a highly evolved final character in Prospero) Shikha Shah Denison University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.denison.edu/articulate Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Shah, Shikha (2017) "Running Out of Sources (An analysis of Shakespeare' s recycling of characters to consciously or unconciously create a highly evolved final character in Prospero)," Articulāte: Vol. 10 , Article 3. Available at: http://digitalcommons.denison.edu/articulate/vol10/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Denison Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articulāte by an authorized editor of Denison Digital Commons. 14 15 Running Out of Sources (An analysis of Shakespeare' s recycling of characters to consciously or unconciously create a highly evolved final character achieving the golden mean of active and contemplative, similarities that are seen between the two, which furthers active in his control of his actions, yet contemplative in care- the possibility that Prospero, in part, is an advanced King in Prospero) fully planning them and trying to predetermine their conse- Lear, in whom we see that Lear's faults of resignation, shun- quences. ning of duty, and fatherhood are resolved. Shikha Shah '07 The possibility of Prospero, being in part an active Another Shakespearean character who pays a price and developed version of King Lear is further seen in the for neglecting his kingdom, and then handing over its run- parallel scenes of the storms. -
Julius+Caesar+Play+Critique.Pdf
"Julius Caesar." Shakespearean Criticism. Ed. Michael L. LaBlanc. Vol. 74. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Literature Resources from Gale. Gale. Cape Cod Regional Technical High School. 4 Jan. 2011 <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/start.do?p=LitRG&u=mlin_s_ccreg>. Title: Julius Caesar Source: Shakespearean Criticism. Ed. Michael L. LaBlanc. Vol. 74. Detroit: Gale, 2003. From Literature Resource Center. Document Type: Work overview, Critical essay Introduction Further Readings about the Topic Introduction Julius Caesar contains elements of both Shakespeare's histories and tragedies, and has been classified as a "problem play" by some scholars. Set in Rome in 44 b.c., the play describes a senatorial conspiracy to murder the emperor Caesar and the political turmoil that ensues in the aftermath of the assassination. The emperor's demise, however, is not the primary concern for critics of Julius Caesar; rather, most critics are interested in the events surrounding the act--the organization of the conspiracy against Caesar and the personal and political repercussions of the murder. Shakespeare's tragedies often feature the death of the titular character at the play's end. Many commentators have noted that Julius Caesar's unusual preempting of this significant event--Caesar is killed less than halfway through the play--diminishes the play's power early in the third act. Scholars are interested in the play's unconventional structure and its treatment of political conflict, as well as Shakespeare's depiction of Rome and the struggles the central characters face in balancing personal ambition, civic duty, and familial obligation. Modern critics also study the numerous social and religious affinities that Shakespeare's Rome shares with Elizabethan England. -
Proposed Core Literature Titles Twelfth Night, Or, What You Will
Proposed Core Literature Titles The following summary is provided by the California Department of Education’s “Recommended Literature List”, and the top three Google searches of the book title and author name that produced a description of the title. Twelfth Night, or, What You Will Proposed Grade Level: 8 Title: Twelfth Night, or, What You Will Author: William Shakespeare First Published: 2002 Lexile Level: 1140 Proposed Grade Level: 8 California Department of Education, Recommended Literature List: https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/cr/rl/ This title is on the CDE Recommended Literature List. Annotation: On the island of Illyria, Duke Orsino pines away for the love of the beautiful, but unapproachable Olivia. A tempest occurs that brings Viola and Sebastian to the shores, and a renewed pursuing of affection begins among the island's inhabitants. (Circa 1600.) Copyright: 1992: Original Copyright: 1600 Grade Level Span: 9-12 Genre: Drama Classification: Classic Topic: English-Language Arts/General Discipline: English Language Arts/Vocabulary; Visual and Performing Arts Descriptions From Top 3 Google Searches: Search: "Twelfth Night or What You Will" by William Shakespeare https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelfth_Night Viola is shipwrecked on the coast of Illyria and she comes ashore with the help of a Captain. She has lost contact with her twin brother, Sebastian, whom she believes to be drowned, and with the aid of the Captain, she disguises herself as a young man under the name Cesario and enters the service of Duke Orsino. Duke Orsino has convinced himself that he is in love with Olivia, who is mourning the recent deaths of her father and brother. -
Shame and Betrayal in Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra
Kawasaki Journal of Medical Welfare Vol. 26, No. 1, 2020 41-48 Original Paper Shame and Betrayal in Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra Michael KREMENIK*1 (Accepted July 17, 2020) Key words: betrayal, suicide, negotiation, shame Abstract The aim of this paper is to look at how William Shakespeare took the historical information available to him in the story of Mark Antony, Triumvir of Rome, and Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, and turned it into his tragic play Antony and Cleopatra. Four parts of the play are analyzed: The Battle of Actium, negotiations with Caesar Octavian, the Alexandrian War and Cleopatra’s Suicide. Did Antony know beforehand that Cleopatra and her navy would abandon the Battle of Actium and return to Egypt? In the aftermath of Actium both Cleopatra and Antony negotiated separately with Octavian. What is known about Cleopatra’s willingness to give up on Antony and defect to Octavian’s side? Was Antony really so surprised to see Cleopatra’s navy defect to Octavian? Or was he blindsided and right to feel betrayed by Cleopatra? And why did Cleopatra have a messenger inform Antony that she was dead? Was she afraid of Antony after her navy’s defection? Was she looking for sympathy? Trying to curtail his anger? Or was she hoping that Antony would kill himself and thus give her free reign to negotiate with Octavian as Queen of Egypt and not as Antony’s mistress? All of these questions will be looked at from the point of view of Shakespeare’s tragedy and how he manipulated the historical sources to write his own version of this world famous tragic love story. -
Julius Caesar
DISCOVERY GUIDE 2009 Julius Caesar Directed by Robert Currier Costume Design - Claire Townsend Set Design - Mark Robinson Lighting Design - Ellen Brooks Properties Design - Joel Eis Stage Manager - Allison Ward Producer - Lesley Currier Discovery Guide written by Luis Araquistain www.marinshakespeare.org 415/499-4488 Welcome to the Discovery Guide for Julius Caesar Introduction---------------------------------------------------- Marin Shakespeare Company is thrilled to present Shakespeare’s riveting historical drama, Julius Caesar. As one of Shakespeare’s most notable and often quoted plays (“Et tu, Brute?”), this show makes an intriguing introduction to ‘the Bard’ for students who are new to Shakespeare and an action-packed re-introduction for students already familiar with Shakespeare’s plays. The story is both an exciting adventure, as well as a portrait of political greatness in action, with lessons to teach about ancient Rome and the world today. This DISCOVERY GUIDE will provide you with some background on the play, explanations of characters and plot lines and pre- and post-show activities, exercises and discussion questions for further deepen your theatre-going experience! Let us know if this DISCOVERY GUIDE is helpful ([email protected])! Enjoy! Contents---------------------------------------------------------- PAGE 1 Discover: the origins of the play PAGES 2 - 4 Discover: the characters (including actor headshots) PAGES 4 - 7 Discover: the story of the play (or hear a recording at marinshakespeare.org) PAGE 8 Discover: -
Encountering Shakespeare with Tim Crouch
“This is you”: Encountering Shakespeare with Tim Crouch by Sara Soncini By general consensus, Tim Crouch is one of the most innovative theatre-makers to have emerged on the UK scene during the last decade or so. His work has attracted considerable critical attention both nationally and internationally, giving rise to a sizeable and ever expanding body of academic analysis. Starting with his multi-award- winning production of An Oak Tree (2005), Crouch’s plays have toured extensively and they are regularly performed in translation in a wide range of European countries, where they have been invariably hailed as a token of the vigour and vibrancy of British new writing. The fact that roughly one half of Tim Crouch’s dramatic output to date is a reworking of Shakespearean sources is a telling indication of the continued centrality of his theatrical voice on the 21st-century stage. Yet while critics usually remark upon the continuities – in terms of objectives, methods and techniques – between Crouch’s Shakespeare project and the rest of his production (see e.g. Rebellato 2016), the specific cultural meaning of his adaptations as a form of creative engagement with Shakespeare has only been cursorily addressed in the available scholarship. This is arguably a consequence of the particular slant of the project and its perceived specialized nature. Now a cycle of five solo plays, Tim Crouch’s I, Shakespeare was initially instigated by a commission from the Brighton Festival to introduce Shakespeare to a young audience. The brief resulted in I, Caliban (2003), a retelling of Saggi/Ensayos/Essais/Essays Will forever young! Shakespeare & Contemporary Culture – 11/2017 22 The Tempest from the point of view of Shakespeare’s outcast for children aged 8+.