T ABLE OF C ONTENTS PART ONE • Themes in Literature
UNIT 1 Working Toward Your Dreams
ECHOES: Quotes on Theme 4
Langston Hughes “Dreams” X ! POEM 6 “A Dream Deferred” POEM 6 “The Dream Keeper” POEM 6 RELATED READING Nikki Giovanni “A Poem for Langston Hughes” POEM 9
Chaim Potok “Moon” X ! SHORT STORY 13 RELATED READING David L. Parker “The Story of Iqbal Masih” NONFICTION 29 from Stolen Dreams: Portraits of Working Children
Gary Soto “Born Worker” X ! SHORT STORY 36 FOR YOUR READING LIST 45 LANGUAGE, INTEGRATED ND STYLE RAMMAR, A GUIDED WRITING 46 G ns 11 ³ tence Functio • Sen nd Narrative Writing: Preparing a Biographical ete Subjects a • Compl 4, 49 Predicates 3 Memoir Complete 44 LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Writing • Dialogue 44 Marks • Quotation 47 Complete Sentences • Tone 47 • Voice 48 UNIT REVIEW 52 Sentences • Complete 48 agments REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 52 • Sentence Fr
UNIT 2 Family Ties An American Diary: December 7, 1941, ECHOES: Quotes on Theme 56 1997. Roger Shimomura.
Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve “The Medicine Bag” X SHORT STORY 58
Judith Ortiz Cofer “An Hour with Abuelo” X SHORT STORY 70 RELATED READING Sandra Cisneros “Abuelito Who” X POEM 75 Nikki Giovanni “Legacies” POEM 81 RELATED READINGS Amy Ling “Grandma Ling” POEM 82 “Grandma Traub” POEM 83 Phyllis McGinley “First Lesson” X POEM 87
Norman H. Russell “My Father’s Hands Held Mine” X POEM 88
X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive v Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM Bailey White “Good Housekeeping” X PERSONAL ESSAY 93 RELATED READINGS Hal Sirowitz “No More Birthdays” X POEM 99 “Happy or Sad” X POEM 100 “Punishing Yourself” X POEM 100 Alice Walker “For My Sister Molly Who in the Fifties” POEM 105
ANGUAGE, FOR YOUR READING LIST 111 NTEGRATED L I TYLE MAR, AND S GRAM rb 67 edicate or Ve GUIDED WRITING 112 • Simple Pr 67 ³ mple Subject EXPRESSIVE WRITING: Composing a Narrative • Si om 77 Who and Wh • Using 7, 103 Poem peech 7 • Parts of S 91 f Words LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Compound Verbs • Meanings o lar Verbs and • Spectacu 103 es UNIT REVIEW 118 Adjectiv 103 Language • Colorful 113 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 118 Verbs 110, • Compound
UNIT 3 Going Down the Road
ECHOES: Quotes on Theme 122
Meriwether Lewis and from The Original Journals of the William Clark Lewis and Clark Expedition X JOURNAL ENTRIES 124 RELATED READING Lori Reccos “The Corps of Discovery: They Had Some Help” X RESEARCH REPORT 132 William Least Heat-Moon from Blue Highways: A Journey into America TRAVELOGUE 138 RELATED READING May Swenson “Southbound on the Freeway” X POEM 148 INSIGHTS: FOCUSING ON HISTORY The History of Auto Travel INFORMATIONAL TEXT 149
J. R. R. Tolkien “Roads Go Ever Ever On” POEM 153 Edna St. Vincent Millay “Travel” X POEM 154 RELATED READING Vijaya Mukhopadhyay “Wanting to Move” POEM 156
William Stafford “Freedom” X POEM 161 Robert Frost “The Road Not Taken” X POEM 162 FOR YOUR READING LIST 167 ANGUAGE, NTEGRATED L I TYLE MAR, AND S GUIDED WRITING ³ 168 GRAM t 136 ding Checklis • Proofrea 158 INFORMATIVE/PERSUASIVE WRITING: Developing Language • Colorful 166 a Persuasive Research Paper ing Verbs • Link for e Completers LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Documenting • Sentenc 166 Linking Verbs Sources nting Source • Docume 173 Materials UNIT REVIEW 179 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 179 vi X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM UNIT 4 Understanding Conflict
ECHOES: Quotes on Theme 184
Ray Bradbury “The Drummer Boy of Shiloh” X SHORT STORY 186 RELATED READINGS Emmy Werner from Reluctant Witnesses: Children’s Voices from the Civil War NONFICTION 192 Anonymous “My Dear Josie” X LETTER 194 Shelby Foote from “Echoes of Shiloh” NONFICTION 196
Yoshiko Uchida “The Bracelet” X SHORT STORY 201 RELATED READING Dwight Okita “In Response to Executive Order 9066: All Americans of Japanese Descent Must Report to Relocation Centers” X POEM 206 Litsa Boudalika from If You Could Be My Friend: Letters of Mervet Akram Sha’ban and Galit Fink X NONFICTION 210 RELATED READING Naomi Shihab Nye “Jerusalem” X POEM 219
Liam O’Flaherty “The Sniper” X SHORT STORY 224 RELATED READINGS Eric Black “The Community of the Peace People” from Northern Ireland: Troubled Land NONFICTION 229 Betty Williams “Declaration of the Peace People” SPEECH 229
Nelson Mandela from “Our struggle is against all forms of racism” SPEECH 234
FOR YOUR READING LIST 239 NGUAGE, EGRATED LA INT LE R, AND STY GRAMMA 198 GUIDED WRITING 240 ouns ³ • Collective N bstract PERSUASIVE WRITING: Generating a Persuasive oncrete and A • C 208 Speech Nouns 221 Sentences • Inverted 222 LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Verb Tense te Predicate • Comple 222 te Subject • Comple 232 UNIT REVIEW 246 ct Objects • Dire itive REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 246 e and Intrans • Transitiv 232 Verbs rb Tenses • Using Ve 244 Correctly
UNIT 5 Open a Book, Open a World Young Soldier. Winslow Homer, 1861. ECHOES: Quotes on Theme 250
Alice Walker “Women” POEM 252 RELATED READING Anonymous “On Education” X POEM 254
X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive vii Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM Malcolm X and Alex Haley from The Autobiography of Malcolm X ! AUTOBIOGRAPHY 258
Saki “The Story-Teller” X SHORT STORY 265 Annie Dillard from An American Childhood AUTOBIOGRAPHY 273 RELATED READING Rita Dove “The First Book” X POEM 278
Ray Bradbury from Fahrenheit 451 X NOVEL EXCERPT 282 INSIGHTS: LEARNING ABOUT HISTORY Gutenberg and the Age of the Printed Word X INFORMATIONAL TEXT 290 FOR YOUR READING LIST 295
GUIDED WRITING 296 NGUAGE, ³ EGRATED LA INT LE INFORMATIVE/EXPRESSIVE WRITING: Completing R, AND STY GRAMMA 263 Verbs an Extended Definition • Irregular 263 To Be • The Verb 280 LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Subject-Verb ng Pronouns • Identifyi 297 Agreement b Agreement • Subject-Ver UNIT REVIEW 301 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 301
UNIT 6 Far Horizons Winter Scene with Skaters, c.1600, Pieter Brueghel the Younger. ECHOES: Quotes on Theme 306
David West Reynolds “Obi-Wan Kenobi: Jedi Knight” from Star Wars Episode 1: The Visual Dictionary NONFICTION 308 RELATED READING “Industrial Light & Magic, Part 1: History” INTERNET ARTICLE 310
Carol Farley “Lose Now, Pay Later” X SHORT STORY 316
Arthur Porges “The Ruum” X SHORT STORY 326
Jack Finney “The Third Level” X SHORT STORY 341
Isaac Asimov “The Fun They Had” X ! SHORT STORY 349 FOR YOUR READING LIST 354
GUIDED WRITING ³ 355 NGUAGE, IMAGINATIVE/DESCRIPTIVE WRITING: Creating the EGRATED LA INT LE R, AND STY Setting for a Science Fiction Movie GRAMMA 314 ontext Clues LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Sentence Run-ons • Using C 347 • Colons 347 ns • Semicolo 356 UNIT REVIEW 360 ce Run-ons • Senten REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 360
viii X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM PART TWO • Genres in Literature
UNIT 7 Folklore of the Americas: The Oral Tradition
ELEMENTS OF THE ORAL TRADITION 366
Adrien Stoutenburg “Pecos Bill” X AMERICAN TALL TALE 368
Carl Sandburg “Paul Bunyan of the North Woods” X ! AMERICAN TALL TALE 378 RELATED READING D. Laurence Rogers “The Ole Feller Recollects How Joe Fournier Became Paul Bunyan” from Paul Bunyan: How a Terrible Timber Feller Became a Legend NONFICTION 381
Richard Walser “Blackbeard’s Last Fight” X ! AMERICAN LEGEND 388
Virginia Hamilton “The People Could Fly” X AFRICAN-AMERICAN FOLK TALE 394 RELATED READING Albert E. Brumley “I’ll Fly Away” X ! FOLK SONG 400
Walker Brents “The Tale of Annie Christmas” X ! AFRICAN-AMERICAN TALL TALE 404 Andy Charlie “The Blind Boy and the Two Arctic Loons” X YUP’IK FOLK TALE 411 Jessica Lewis INSIGHTS: GETTING INTO STORYTELLING X MEMORY STORY 421
Joseph Bruchac and Gayle Ross “Where the Girl Rescued Her Brother” ! CHEYENNE LEGEND 425 INSIGHTS: EXAMINING HISTORY The Battle of Rosebud Creek INFORMATIONAL TEXT 430
Antonio Hernández Madrigal “Legend of the Feathered Serpent” AZTEC LEGEND 436
Barbara and David P. Mikkelson “Gatored Community” ! URBAN LEGEND 448 FOR YOUR READING LIST 455
NGUAGE, GUIDED WRITING 456 EGRATED LA ³ INT LE R, AND STY INFORMATIVE WRITING: Analyzing a Legend GRAMMA 376 a Sentence • Parts of 386 LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Achieving • Clauses 386 Parallelism nd Sentences • Compou 392 erb Tenses • Simple V 409 es UNIT REVIEW 462 • Adjectiv 409 • Adverbs 402 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 462 enses • Perfect T 434 ional Phrases • Preposit 434 ions • Preposit 458 arallelism • Achieving P Raftsmen Playing Cards, 1847. George Caleb Bingham.
X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive ix Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM UNIT 8 Stories to Tell: Fiction
ELEMENTS OF FICTION 466
SHORT STORIES Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings “A Mother in Mannville” X SETTING 471
Toni Cade Bambara “The War of the Wall” X ! THEME 482 INSIGHTS: LOOKING AT OUTDOOR ART Public Art: Murals and Graffiti X INFORMATIONAL TEXT 489
William Stafford “The Osage Orange Tree” X PLOT 493 RELATED READING Arnold Adoff “Walking Along the Edge of the Back Yard:” POEM 500
O. Henry “A Retrieved Reformation” X CHARACTER 504
NOVEL John Steinbeck The Pearl CONFLICT 514
FOR YOUR READING LIST 565
GUIDED WRITING ³ 566 ANGUAGE, NTEGRATED L I TYLE NARRATIVE/IMAGINATIVE WRITING: Developing a MAR, AND S GRAM t 480 ary in Contex Short Story • Vocabul 568 ariety ANGUAGE RAMMAR AND TYLE • Sentence V L , G , S : Combining and Expanding Sentences
UNIT REVIEW 574 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 575
UNIT 9 Words in Motion: Poetry
ELEMENTS OF POETRY 578
TECHNIQUES IN POETRY William Shakespeare “Winter” X IMAGERY 580 RELATED READING Francis P. Osgood “Winter Fairyland in Vermont” X IMAGERY 582
Amy Lowell “Night Clouds” X IMAGERY 586
Theodore Roethke “The Bat” X IMAGERY 590 Randall Jarrell “Bats” X IMAGERY 591
Lawrence Ferlinghetti “Wildlife Cameo, Early Morn” X SHAPE 598
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow “Paul Revere’s Ride” X ! SOUND 604 Robert Service “Courage” SOUND 612 “The Cremation of Sam McGee” X ! SOUND 614 x X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM John Updike “Player Piano” X SOUND 622
Elinor Wylie “Pretty Words” X ! SOUND 626
Robert Francis “Blue Cornucopia” X ! SOUND 630
Seamus Heaney “Digging” X MEANING 636 Andrew Hudgins “Childhood of the Ancients” MEANING 640
Diane Glancy “Without Title” X MEANING 644
FORMS OF POETRY Alfred Noyes “The Highwayman” X ! NARRATIVE 651
Julia Cunningham “A short long story” X NARRATIVE 657
Emily Dickinson “There is no frigate like a book” X LYRIC 663 “He ate and drank the precious words” X LYRIC 664 “The Brain—is wider than the Sky—” X LYRIC 664
Li-Young Lee “I Ask My Mother to Sing” X LYRIC 668
Pablo Neruda “Ode to My Socks” X ! TRANSLATED VERSE 674 translated by Robert Bly “Oda a los calcetines” 676 RELATED READING Pablo Neruda “Childhood and Poetry” X ESSAY 678 FOR YOUR READING LIST 681
ANGUAGE, TEGRATED L IN YLE GUIDED WRITING ³ 682 AR, AND ST GRAMM 595 INFORMATIVE WRITING: Comparing and • Active Voice ng Passive Contrasting Poems • Correcti 595 es ANGUAGE RAMMAR AND TYLE Sentenc 595 L , G , S : Sentence e • Passive Voic Variety ng Parts of • Identifyi 601 Speech 601 UNIT REVIEW 689 e Fragments • Sentenc 609 es REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 690 • Negativ 619 g I and Me • Usin nding ing and Expa • Combin 648 Sentences ng Wordy • Correcti 660 es Sentenc 671 d Dashes • Hyphens an ouns and • Proper N 671 es Adjectiv 683 x Sentences • Comple 683 Sentences • Compound nd-Complex • Compou 683 nces Sente ns 633 tical Expressio • Parenthe 683 tences • Simple Sen Bat Mola. Cuna artist.
X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive xi Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM UNIT 10 Turning Words Into Action: Drama 692
ELEMENTS OF DRAMA 694
INSIGHTS: GETTING INTO DRAMA Spotlight on Teen Playwright Nathan D. T. Kitada X INFORMATIONAL TEXT 695 Nathan D. T. Kitada from Fighting the Enemy X PLAY 696
Frances Goodrich and The Diary of Anne Frank X PLAY 703 Albert Hackett
FOR YOUR READING LIST 765
GUIDED WRITING ³ 766 IMAGINATIVE/EXPRESSIVE WRITING: Constructing a Skit or Play NGUAGE, EGRATED LA LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Using INT LE R, AND STY GRAMMA 770 Commas Properly Dialogue • Commas in UNIT REVIEW 772 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 773 Winter Scene with Skaters, c.1600, Pieter Brueghel the Younger. UNIT 11 Telling It As It Is: Nonfiction
ELEMENTS OF NONFICTION 776
Theodora Kroeber from Ishi in Two Worlds, a Biography of the Last Wild Indian in North America X ! BIOGRAPHY 778 RELATED READING Robert Fri “Yana People to Receive Ishi’s Brain” NEWSPAPER ARTICLE 784
Chief Ten Bears “Do not ask us to give up the buffalo for the sheep” X ! SPEECH 790
Valerie Jablow “A Tale of Two Rocks” X ! SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE 796 RELATED READING Geologic Time Chart VISUAL MEDIA 802
Alan Rabinowitz “Chac” from Jaguar X DOCUMENTARY 807 Paul Rogat Loeb from Soul of a Citizen: Living with Conviction in a Cynical Time ! PERSONAL ESSAY 818 FOR YOUR READING LIST 828
xii X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM GUIDED WRITING ³ 829 NGUAGE, INFORMATIVE WRITING: Assembling a Scientific EGRATED LA INT LE R, AND STY Report GRAMMA 787 ext Clues • Using Cont LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: ng Sentences • Correcti 794 Correcting Wordy Sentences Run-ons ng Wordy • Correcti 832 Sentences UNIT REVIEW 834 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 835
UNIT 12 Reading Between the Lines: Informational and Visual Media
ELEMENTS OF INFORMATIONAL AND VISUAL MEDIA 838
G. K. Warren Map of the Territory of the United States from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean MAP 842
Lansford W. Hastings from The Emigrants’ Guide to Oregon and California X ! TRAVEL GUIDE 843 RELATED READING Dorothy M. Johnson “Too Soon a Woman” SHORT STORY 849
Kjetil Kjernsmo “How to Use a Compass” X ! HOW-TO WRITING 855 RELATED READING David LaRochelle “Orienteering: The Thinking Sport” X ESSAY 858
Kevin Kelly “Manners Matter” ! INTERVIEW 862
Pacific Gem Cruise Line ! ADVERTISEMENT 870 Peggy Thomson with “Death and the Miser” from Barbara Moore The Nine-Ton Cat: Behind the Scenes at an Art Museum ART INTERPRETATION 874 INSIGHTS: THE CURATOR INFORMATIONAL TEXT 876
INSIGHTS: GETTING INTO VISUAL MEDIA Robert DesJarlait The Language of Hope Mural Project PERSONAL ESSAY 879
FOR YOUR READING LIST 883
ANGUAGE, GUIDED WRITING ³ 884 NTEGRATED L I TYLE MAR, AND S PERSUASIVE WRITING: Producing an Advertisement GRAM iliar anding Unfam ANGUAGE RAMMAR AND TYLE • Underst 853 L , G , S : Common Words Usage Problems g Parts of the • Reviewin 878 Sentence n Usage UNIT REVIEW 890 • Commo 886 Problems REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 890
X Dramatic recording included in ! Additional reading support ³ Guided Writing Interactive xiii Audio Library provided in The EMC Write-In Reader Software on CD-ROM PART THREE • Language Arts Survey A Handbook of Essential Skills
1 READING Introduction to Reading 894 Reading for Experience 894 Reading to Learn 896 Reading for Information 898 Developing Your Vocabulary 899
2 WRITING Introduction to Writing 902 Understanding the Writing Process 902 Gathering Ideas 905 Organizing Ideas 909
3 LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE Language Handbook 920 Grammar Handbook 922 Subjects and Verbs: Challenging Constructions 927 Writer’s Workshop: Building Effective Sentences 929 Editing for Grammar and Usage Errors 931 Parts of Speech Summary 935 Style Handbook 943
4 SPEAKING AND LISTENING The Power of Communication 950 Listening Skills 951 Communicating with Others 953 Communication Styles and Cultural Barriers 955 Public Speaking 956
5 STUDY AND RESEARCH Thinking Skills 960 Study Skills 964 Research Skills 965 Test-Taking Skills 973
6 APPLIED ENGLISH The Importance of Applied English 975
HANDBOOK OF LITERARY TERMS 982 GLOSSARY OF WORDS FOR EVERYDAY USE 994 INDEX OF TITLES AND AUTHORS 1000 INDEX OF SKILLS 1002 INDEX OF FINE ART & INTERNET SITES 1004 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1005 xiv