CPT Code and Price List 2020 CPT Codes
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Deciphering the Functions of Ets2, Pten and P53 in Stromal Fibroblasts in Multiple
Deciphering the Functions of Ets2, Pten and p53 in Stromal Fibroblasts in Multiple Breast Cancer Models DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Julie Wallace Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee: Michael C. Ostrowski, PhD, Advisor Gustavo Leone, PhD Denis Guttridge, PhD Dawn Chandler, PhD Copyright by Julie Wallace 2013 Abstract Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in American women, and is also the second leading cause of cancer death in women. It is estimated that nearly a quarter of a million new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in women in the United States this year, and approximately 40,000 of these women will die from breast cancer. Although death rates have been on the decline for the past decade, there is still much we need to learn about this disease to improve prevention, detection and treatment strategies. The majority of early studies have focused on the malignant tumor cells themselves, and much has been learned concerning mutations, amplifications and other genetic and epigenetic alterations of these cells. However more recent work has acknowledged the strong influence of tumor stroma on the initiation, progression and recurrence of cancer. Under normal conditions this stroma has been shown to have protective effects against tumorigenesis, however the transformation of tumor cells manipulates this surrounding environment to actually promote malignancy. Fibroblasts in particular make up a significant portion of this stroma, and have been shown to impact various aspects of tumor cell biology. -
Epidemiology of Mucopolysaccharidoses Update
diagnostics Review Epidemiology of Mucopolysaccharidoses Update Betul Celik 1,2 , Saori C. Tomatsu 2 , Shunji Tomatsu 1 and Shaukat A. Khan 1,* 1 Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; [email protected] (B.C.); [email protected] (S.T.) 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +302-298-7335; Fax: +302-651-6888 Abstract: Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders caused by a lysosomal enzyme deficiency or malfunction, which leads to the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in tissues and organs. If not treated at an early stage, patients have various health problems, affecting their quality of life and life-span. Two therapeutic options for MPS are widely used in practice: enzyme replacement therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, early diagnosis of MPS is crucial, as treatment may be too late to reverse or ameliorate the disease progress. It has been noted that the prevalence of MPS and each subtype varies based on geographic regions and/or ethnic background. Each type of MPS is caused by a wide range of the mutational spectrum, mainly missense mutations. Some mutations were derived from the common founder effect. In the previous study, Khan et al. 2018 have reported the epidemiology of MPS from 22 countries and 16 regions. In this study, we aimed to update the prevalence of MPS across the world. We have collected and investigated 189 publications related to the prevalence of MPS via PubMed as of December 2020. In total, data from 33 countries and 23 regions were compiled and analyzed. -
Novel Gene Fusions in Glioblastoma Tumor Tissue and Matched Patient Plasma
cancers Article Novel Gene Fusions in Glioblastoma Tumor Tissue and Matched Patient Plasma 1, 1, 1 1 1 Lan Wang y, Anudeep Yekula y, Koushik Muralidharan , Julia L. Small , Zachary S. Rosh , Keiko M. Kang 1,2, Bob S. Carter 1,* and Leonora Balaj 1,* 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; [email protected] (L.W.); [email protected] (A.Y.); [email protected] (K.M.); [email protected] (J.L.S.); [email protected] (Z.S.R.); [email protected] (K.M.K.) 2 School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (B.S.C.); [email protected] (L.B.) These authors contributed equally. y Received: 11 March 2020; Accepted: 7 May 2020; Published: 13 May 2020 Abstract: Sequencing studies have provided novel insights into the heterogeneous molecular landscape of glioblastoma (GBM), unveiling a subset of patients with gene fusions. Tissue biopsy is highly invasive, limited by sampling frequency and incompletely representative of intra-tumor heterogeneity. Extracellular vesicle-based liquid biopsy provides a minimally invasive alternative to diagnose and monitor tumor-specific molecular aberrations in patient biofluids. Here, we used targeted RNA sequencing to screen GBM tissue and the matched plasma of patients (n = 9) for RNA fusion transcripts. We identified two novel fusion transcripts in GBM tissue and five novel fusions in the matched plasma of GBM patients. The fusion transcripts FGFR3-TACC3 and VTI1A-TCF7L2 were detected in both tissue and matched plasma. -
To Study Mutant P53 Gain of Function, Various Tumor-Derived P53 Mutants
Differential effects of mutant TAp63γ on transactivation of p53 and/or p63 responsive genes and their effects on global gene expression. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science By Shama K Khokhar M.Sc., Bilaspur University, 2004 B.Sc., Bhopal University, 2002 2007 1 COPYRIGHT SHAMA K KHOKHAR 2007 2 WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES Date of Defense: 12-03-07 I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION BY SHAMA KHAN KHOKHAR ENTITLED Differential effects of mutant TAp63γ on transactivation of p53 and/or p63 responsive genes and their effects on global gene expression BE ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Science Madhavi P. Kadakia, Ph.D. Thesis Director Daniel Organisciak , Ph.D. Department Chair Committee on Final Examination Madhavi P. Kadakia, Ph.D. Steven J. Berberich, Ph.D. Michael Leffak, Ph.D. Joseph F. Thomas, Jr., Ph.D. Dean, School of Graduate Studies 3 Abstract Khokhar, Shama K. M.S., Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, 2007 Differential effect of TAp63γ mutants on transactivation of p53 and/or p63 responsive genes and their effects on global gene expression. p63, a member of the p53 gene family, known to play a role in development, has more recently also been implicated in cancer progression. Mice lacking p63 exhibit severe developmental defects such as limb truncations, abnormal skin, and absence of hair follicles, teeth, and mammary glands. Germline missense mutations of p63 have been shown to be responsible for several human developmental syndromes including SHFM, EEC and ADULT syndromes and are associated with anomalies in the development of organs of epithelial origin. -
Biogenesis and Maintenance of Cytoplasmic Domains in Myelin of the Central Nervous System
Biogenesis and Maintenance of Cytoplasmic Domains in Myelin of the Central Nervous System Dissertation for the award of the degree “Doctor rerum naturalium” of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen within the doctoral program Molecular Biology of Cells of the Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS) submitted by Caroline Julia Velte from Usingen, Germany Göttingen 2016 Members of the Thesis Committee: Prof. Dr. Mikael Simons, Reviewer Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen Prof. Dr. Andreas Janshoff, Reviewer Georg-August University, Göttingen Prof. Dr. Dirk Görlich Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen Date of the thesis defense: 27th of June 2016 Don't part with your illusions. When they are gone, you may still exist, but you have ceased to live. (Mark Twain) III Affidavit I hereby declare that my PhD thesis “Biogenesis and Maintenance of Cytoplasmic Domains in Myelin of the Central Nervous System” has been written independently with no other aids or sources than quoted. Furthermore, I confirm that this thesis has not been submitted as part of another examination process neither in identical nor in similar form. Caroline Julia Velte April 2016 Göttingen, Germany V Publications Nicolas Snaidero*, Caroline Velte*, Matti Myllykoski, Arne Raasakka, Alexander Ignatev, Hauke B. Werner, Michelle S. Erwig, Wiebke Moebius, Petri Kursula, Klaus-Armin Nave, and Mikael Simons Antagonistic Functions of MBP and CNP Establish Cytosolic Channels in CNS Myelin, Cell Reports 18 *equal contribution (January 2017) E. d’Este, D. Kamin, C. Velte, F. Göttfert, M. Simons, S.W. Hell Subcortical cytoskeleton periodicity throughout the nervous system, Scientific Reports 6 (March 2016) K.A. -
Avicin G Is a Potent Sphingomyelinase Inhibitor and Blocks Oncogenic K- and H-Ras Signaling Christian M
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Avicin G is a potent sphingomyelinase inhibitor and blocks oncogenic K- and H-Ras signaling Christian M. Garrido1, Karen M. Henkels1, Kristen M. Rehl1, Hong Liang2, Yong Zhou2, Jordan U. Gutterman3 & Kwang-jin Cho1 ✉ K-Ras must interact primarily with the plasma membrane (PM) for its biological activity. Therefore, disrupting K-Ras PM interaction is a tractable approach to block oncogenic K-Ras activity. Here, we found that avicin G, a family of natural plant-derived triterpenoid saponins from Acacia victoriae, mislocalizes K-Ras from the PM and disrupts PM spatial organization of oncogenic K-Ras and H-Ras by depleting phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and cholesterol contents, respectively, at the inner PM leafet. Avicin G also inhibits oncogenic K- and H-Ras signal output and the growth of K-Ras-addicted pancreatic and non-small cell lung cancer cells. We further identifed that avicin G perturbs lysosomal activity, and disrupts cellular localization and activity of neutral and acid sphingomyelinases (SMases), resulting in elevated cellular sphingomyelin (SM) levels and altered SM distribution. Moreover, we show that neutral SMase inhibitors disrupt the PM localization of K-Ras and PtdSer and oncogenic K-Ras signaling. In sum, this study identifes avicin G as a new potent anti-Ras inhibitor, and suggests that neutral SMase can be a tractable target for developing anti-K-Ras therapeutics. Ras proteins are small GTPases that primarily localize to the inner-leafet of the plasma membrane (PM), switch- ing between an active GTP-bound state and inactive GDP-bound state1. In response to epidermal growth factor stimulation or receptor tyrosine kinase activation, guanine nucleotide exchange factors activate Ras by inducing the release of the guanine nucleotides and binding of GTP1. -
SUMF1 Enhances Sulfatase Activities in Vivo in Five Sulfatase Deficiencies
SUMF1 enhances sulfatase activities in vivo in five sulfatase deficiencies Alessandro Fraldi, Alessandra Biffi, Alessia Lombardi, Ilaria Visigalli, Stefano Pepe, Carmine Settembre, Edoardo Nusco, Alberto Auricchio, Luigi Naldini, Andrea Ballabio, et al. To cite this version: Alessandro Fraldi, Alessandra Biffi, Alessia Lombardi, Ilaria Visigalli, Stefano Pepe, et al.. SUMF1 enhances sulfatase activities in vivo in five sulfatase deficiencies. Biochemical Journal, Portland Press, 2007, 403 (2), pp.305-312. 10.1042/BJ20061783. hal-00478708 HAL Id: hal-00478708 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00478708 Submitted on 30 Apr 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Biochemical Journal Immediate Publication. Published on 8 Jan 2007 as manuscript BJ20061783 SUMF1 enhances sulfatase activities in vivo in five sulfatase deficiencies Alessandro Fraldi*1, Alessandra Biffi*2,3¥, Alessia Lombardi1, Ilaria Visigalli2, Stefano Pepe1, Carmine Settembre1, Edoardo Nusco1, Alberto Auricchio1, Luigi Naldini2,3, Andrea Ballabio1,4 and Maria Pia Cosma1¥ * These authors contribute equally to this work 1TIGEM, via P Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy 2San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), H. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy 3Vita Salute San Raffaele University Medical School, H. -
Bioinformatics Classification of Mutations in Patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA
Metabolic Brain Disease (2019) 34:1577–1594 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-019-00465-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Bioinformatics classification of mutations in patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA Himani Tanwar1 & D. Thirumal Kumar1 & C. George Priya Doss1 & Hatem Zayed2 Received: 30 April 2019 /Accepted: 8 July 2019 /Published online: 5 August 2019 # The Author(s) 2019 Abstract Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) IIIA, also known as Sanfilippo syndrome type A, is a severe, progressive disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). MPS IIIA is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and is caused by a deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme sulfamidase, which is required for the degradation of heparan sulfate. The sulfamidase is produced by the N- sulphoglucosamine sulphohydrolase (SGSH) gene. In MPS IIIA patients, the excess of lysosomal storage of heparan sulfate often leads to mental retardation, hyperactive behavior, and connective tissue impairments, which occur due to various known missense mutations in the SGSH, leading to protein dysfunction. In this study, we focused on three mutations (R74C, S66W, and R245H) based on in silico pathogenic, conservation, and stability prediction tool studies. The three mutations were further subjected to molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) analysis using GROMACS simulation software to observe the structural changes they induced, and all the mutants exhibited maximum deviation patterns compared with the native protein. Conformational changes were observed in the mutants based on various geometrical parameters, such as conformational stability, fluctuation, and compactness, followed by hydrogen bonding, physicochemical properties, principal component analysis (PCA), and salt bridge analyses, which further validated the underlying cause of the protein instability. Additionally, secondary structure and surrounding amino acid analyses further confirmed the above results indicating the loss of protein function in the mutants compared with the native protein. -
EGL Test Description
2460 Mountain Industrial Boulevard | Tucker, Georgia 30084 Phone: 470-378-2200 or 855-831-7447 | Fax: 470-378-2250 eglgenetics.com Mucopolysaccharidosis Type III: SGSH, GNS, HGSNAT, and NAGLU Gene Deletion/Duplication Panel Test Code: HV Turnaround time: 2 weeks CPT Codes: 81228 x1 Condition Description Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (MPS III, Sanfilippo syndrome), is a member of a group of inherited metabolic disorders collectively termed mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS's). The MPS's are caused by a deficiency of lysosomal enzymes required for the degradation of mucopolysaccharides or glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) within the lysosome [1]. When functioning normally, the lysosomal enzymes break down these GAGs, however when the enzyme is deficient, the GAGs build up in the lysosomes causing damage to the body's tissues. The MPS's share a chronic progressive course with multisystem involvement and characteristic physical features such as coarse facies, hypertelorism, and coarse hair. The MPS patients are also characterized by developmental regression, hepatosplenomegaly and characteristic laboratory and radiographic abnormalities. Clinical features of MPS III are similar to other MPS's and include hyperactivity, aggressiveness, and developmental delays in childhood. Mental abilities decline as the disease progresses. Involvement of other organ systems tends to be mild and dysmorphic features are more subtle than those observed in other type of mucopolysaccharidosis [1]. MPS III is caused by a deficiency of any of four lysosomal membrane enzymes, which leads to impaired degradation of heparan sulfate. The forms of MPS III are clinically indistinguishable each other and are caused by mutations in distinct genes. All four forms of MPS III result in buildup of the same GAG, heparin sulfate. -
Time Resolved Quantitative Phosphoproteomics Reveals Distinct Patterns of SHP2
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/598664; this version posted April 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Time resolved quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals distinct patterns of SHP2 dependence in EGFR signaling Vidyasiri Vemulapalli1,2, Lily Chylek3, Alison Erickson4, Jonathan LaRochelle1,2, Kartik Subramanian3, Morvarid Mohseni5, Matthew LaMarche5, Michael G. Acker5, Peter K. Sorger3, Steven P. Gygi4, and Stephen C. Blacklow1,2* 1Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA 02115, USA 2Department of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA 3Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA 4Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA 5Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA *To whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected] bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/598664; this version posted April 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract SHP2 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that normally potentiates intracellular signaling by growth factors, antigen receptors, and some cytokines; it is frequently mutated in childhood leukemias and other cancers. Here, we examine the role of SHP2 in the responses of breast cancer cells to EGF by monitoring phosphoproteome dynamics when SHP2 is allosterically inhibited by the small molecule SHP099. -
The Regulatory Roles of Phosphatases in Cancer
Oncogene (2014) 33, 939–953 & 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 0950-9232/14 www.nature.com/onc REVIEW The regulatory roles of phosphatases in cancer J Stebbing1, LC Lit1, H Zhang, RS Darrington, O Melaiu, B Rudraraju and G Giamas The relevance of potentially reversible post-translational modifications required for controlling cellular processes in cancer is one of the most thriving arenas of cellular and molecular biology. Any alteration in the balanced equilibrium between kinases and phosphatases may result in development and progression of various diseases, including different types of cancer, though phosphatases are relatively under-studied. Loss of phosphatases such as PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10), a known tumour suppressor, across tumour types lends credence to the development of phosphatidylinositol 3--kinase inhibitors alongside the use of phosphatase expression as a biomarker, though phase 3 trial data are lacking. In this review, we give an updated report on phosphatase dysregulation linked to organ-specific malignancies. Oncogene (2014) 33, 939–953; doi:10.1038/onc.2013.80; published online 18 March 2013 Keywords: cancer; phosphatases; solid tumours GASTROINTESTINAL MALIGNANCIES abs in sera were significantly associated with poor survival in Oesophageal cancer advanced ESCC, suggesting that they may have a clinical utility in Loss of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on ESCC screening and diagnosis.5 chromosome 10) expression in oesophageal cancer is frequent, Cao et al.6 investigated the role of protein tyrosine phosphatase, among other gene alterations characterizing this disease. Zhou non-receptor type 12 (PTPN12) in ESCC and showed that PTPN12 et al.1 found that overexpression of PTEN suppresses growth and protein expression is higher in normal para-cancerous tissues than induces apoptosis in oesophageal cancer cell lines, through in 20 ESCC tissues. -
PTPN11 Is the First Identified Proto-Oncogene That Encodes a Tyrosine Phosphatase
From www.bloodjournal.org by guest on July 4, 2016. For personal use only. Review article PTPN11 is the first identified proto-oncogene that encodes a tyrosine phosphatase Rebecca J. Chan1 and Gen-Sheng Feng2,3 1Department of Pediatrics, the Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; 2Programs in Signal Transduction and Stem Cells & Regeneration, Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, CA; 3Institute for Biomedical Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms 2 Src-homology 2 (SH2) domains (Shp2). vation of the Ras-Erk pathway. This underlying carcinogenesis has benefited This tyrosine phosphatase was previ- progress represents another milestone in tremendously from the identification and ously shown to play an essential role in the leukemia/cancer research field and characterization of oncogenes and tumor normal hematopoiesis. More recently, so- provides a fresh view on the molecular suppressor genes. One new advance in matic missense PTPN11 gain-of-function mechanisms underlying cell transforma- this field is the identification of PTPN11 mutations have been detected in leuke- tion. (Blood. 2007;109:862-867) as the first proto-oncogene that encodes mias and rarely in solid tumors, and have a cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphatase with been found to induce aberrant hyperacti- © 2007 by The American Society of Hematology Introduction Leukemia and other types of cancer continue to be a leading cause tumor suppressor activity when overexpressed in vitro, and Ptprj of death in the United States, and biomedical scientists sorely note maps to the mouse colon cancer susceptibility locus,3 implicating that victories against cancer remain unacceptably rare.