Shaping the Future of Work 2020
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Shaping the Future of Work Report and Conversation Guide Shaping the Future of Work Contents Team 6 Executive Summary 12 Introduction 16 About the Global Shapers Community 16 Background 18 Future of Work, Fourth Industrial Revolution and AI 20 Methodology 22 Results 24 Global Results 24 Profile of the population surveyed 25 Educational and preparation for the FOW 26 Meaning of career 30 Career transitions 34 Skills development 39 Role of the Government 42 Role of migration 43 What will come next? 44 Regional analysis: the future of work in Latin America 45 Regional analysis: the future of work in Africa 58 Complementing the Future of Jobs Report 66 STFOW Events 70 Latin America 71 Buenos Aires, Argentina 71 Honduras, Centro America 77 Europe 82 Nice, France 82 South Asia 90 Bangalore, India 91 Islamabad, Pakistan 95 Conversation guide 98 Introduction 98 Guiding principles 100 How to host a conversation, in 6 steps 102 Final reflection 108 References 110 Shaping the Future of Work Shaping the Future of Work Team Africa Mosidi Modise, Global Shapers Alumni Co-founders of Shaping the Future of Work Eurasia Alok Medikepura Anil, Bangalore Hub Gevorg Mantashyan, Dilijan Hub Leticia Gasca Serrano, Co-chair of the Global Shapers Education and Employment Europe Steering Committee Nadine Khouzam, Brussels Hub Regional Leaders Asia Pacific Latin America Christian Tooley, Hong Kong Hub Florencia Caro Sachetti, Buenos Aires Hub Natalie Hiu Wai Chan, Hong Kong Hub Leticia Gasca, Co-chair of the Global Shapers Stephanie Lau, Education and Employment Hong Kong Hub Steering Committee Page 6 Page 7 Shaping the Future of Work Shaping the Future of Work Middle East and North Africa South Asia Khalid Machchate, Alok Medikepura Anil, Rabat Hub Bangalore Hub North America South East Europe Arlane Gordon-Bray, Raleigh-Durham Hub Belma Mizdrak, Bosnia and Herzegovina Hub Samia Haimoura, Raleigh-Durham Hub Stevan Markovic, Bosnia and Herzegovina Hub Adriana de Urquidi, Dallas Hub Page 8 Page 9 Shaping the Future of Work Shaping the Future of Work Data Analysis Team Proofreading team Martin Palazzo, Buenos Aires Hub (team leader) Adoh Odishika, Port Harcourt Hub Franco Andrés Gottig, Rosario Hub Amber Zhang, DC Hub Kevin Felix Peña Escobar, Oruro Hub Andrea Paulín, Cuernavaca Hub Pedro Beltramino, Rosario Hub Blessing Ajimoti, Abuja Hub Shivi Sharma, New Delhi Hub Christiam Mendoza, Guadalajara (alumni) Vignesh Venkatachalam, Bangalore Hub Francisco Abad, Quito Hub Yoann Fol, Singapore Hub Godiva Golding, Kingston Hub Ikpotokin Peace, Port Harcourt Hub Manuel Ochoa, Morelia Hub Authors Stephanie Kenner, Detroit Hub Ailin Tomio, Buenos Aires Hub Tanya Schmitt, Minneapolis Hub Arlane Gordon-Bray, Raleigh-Durham Hub Veronica Vasconez, Quito Hub Christian Tooley, Hong Kong Hub Courtney Gordon, Des Moines Hub Facundo Cajen, Buenos Aires Hub Editorial Design Florencia Caro Sachetti, Buenos Aires Hub Rogelio Vázquez Francesco Buonora, Nice Hub Studio www.cntrl.info Gina Kawas, Tegucigalpa Hub Hicham Sabir, Global Shapers Alumni Leticia Gasca, Global Shapers Alumni Special thanks to: Mittchel Benítez, Tegucigalpa Hub Abdullahi Alim Mosidi Modise, Global Shapers Alumni Albina Krasnodemska Nontuthuzelo Nikiwe, Tshwane Hub Ana Saldarriaga Oscar Canales, Tegucigalpa Hub Anahí Wiedenbrug Paul Endelman, Sacramento Hub Bibi González Pedro Beltramino, Rosario Hub Brittany Robles Rigoberto Cisneros, Guadalajara Hub James Forsyth Natalie Pierce Shimer Diao Wadia Ait Hamza www.shapingthefutureofwork.com Page 10 Page 11 Shaping the Future of Work Shaping the Future of Work This report is based on insights gathered from the 2019 Shaping the Future of Work survey which reflects the responses of more than 2,500 young people. While the survey included participants from around the world, most respon- dents were from one of two regions: Africa (34 percent) and Latin America (37 percent). In terms of the demographic profile, most of the respondents were between age 21 - 29. The report provides an analysis and evaluation of the current and pro- spective challenges facing young professionals in the ever-changing work- place. It also discusses survey respondents’ ideas toward the skills needed and suggested solutions for tomorrow’s workforce. The report examined young people’s feelings toward their current state of work and found the following. Executive • Perspective: The new generations have a broader perspective of what it means to “work” and grow professionally. The majority of survey re- spondents (76 percent) believed the meaning of career is “a lifestyle that involves a range of aspects in an individual’s life from education Summary and paid jobs to volunteering and personal ambitions”. • Preparedness: Young people do not feel prepared for the future. On a scale of 10 (did not prepare) to 100 (very well prepared), an average respondent scored themselves at 56.9 when asked if their education By Courtney Gordon, prepared them for the future of work. The data revealed a higher cor- Des Moines Hub relation between region and feelings of preparedness rather than lev- el of education and preparedness. • Diversity and migration: When asked about the role of immigration (in- cluding all types of immigration: expats from developed countries, eco- nomic migrants, and refugees), 53 percent of people believed diversity fosters economic growth. The next largest group of respondents—28 percent—believed social cohesion is essential for economic growth. The survey also examined respondents’ feelings toward the future of work, gathering the following results. • Willing to reinvent themselves: When asked if they would remain in the same sector in the next 10 years, entrepreneurs, self-employed per- sons, and freelancers said they were more likely to stay than other re- Page 12 Page 13 Shaping the Future of Work Shaping the Future of Work spondents. Around half of all other respondents were willing to stay in the same sector but were not committed to staying. Only 32 percent of respondents in North America thought they may change sectors, while 83 percent in the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) said they may change sectors. • Relevant skills: When asked what the most important skills were re- quired to successfully make a career transition and how they can be developed, more than half of respondents either chose “problem-solv- ing and critical thinking” or “soft skills”. The majority of respondents believed changes to the education system and ongoing training pro- vided by companies were the best ways to develop these skills. Con- trarily, only 18.6 percent of people believed specialization in a subject was one of the most important skills required to make a career tran- sition. Only 23 percent of people believed a paid internship was the best way to develop needed skills. • Trends: When asked about the future, almost half of survey participants, across all regions, agreed on four main aspects of the future of work. 1. People will be able to work remotely and with flexible schedules (52 percent). 2. New industries and jobs will be created complementary to tech- nology (50 percent). 3. There will be more entrepreneurship and self-employment (44 percent). 4. Due to technology advancements, there will be fewer jobs that require humans (42 percent). Survey and report limitations The results of the survey were not weighted. As a result, the survey is limited by the demographics of the respondents. For example, a majority of respon- dents were between 21-29 years old, most were from Latin America and Af- rica, and a large number were college educated. Page 14 Page 15 Shaping the Future of Work Shaping the Future of Work The Global Shapers Community is a network of inspiring and talented young people from all around the world who play an active role in addressing lo- cal, regional and global challenges by driving dialogue, action and change. An initiative of the World Economic Forum, the Global Shapers Communi- ty was founded in 2011 by Professor Klaus Schwab, trusting in the power of youngsters to lead for impact, work collaboratively, build solutions and shape the future. In 2019, there are 8,628 shapers divided into 403 hubs spread across Introduction 153 countries. In each hub, self-organised groups of shapers lead actions to address their communities’ pressing needs. Shapers are diverse but share a common goal: the ambition to have a positive impact. Combining plural- ism, grassroots knowledge and the drive to change the world, Shapers im- plement impact projects locally and join forces with other hubs to leave a global footprint. About the Currently, Global Shapers work on three main impact areas: 1) Promoting equity and inclusion, Global Shapers 2) Protecting the planet, and 3) Shaping the future of education and employment. Community These broad topics cover wide-ranging projects related to art, culture, cities, civic participation, climate change, education, entrepreneurship, the fourth industrial revolution, gender equality, global health, migration, sustainable development, natural resources, employment, and wellbeing, among other urgent issues. Shaping the Future of Work certainly condenses the Global Shapers Community’s priorities and values. By identifying the needs, the fears and By Florencia Caro Sachetti, the abilities of the global youth to get on board with the fourth industrial rev- Buenos Aires Hub olution, the project directly addresses the impact area related to education and employment. Additionally, as a cross-hub collaboration project, it builds on Shapers’ diversity of knowledge, expertise and contexts to advance the shared goal of bringing positive change to the world. Page 16 Page 17 Shaping the Future of Work Shaping the Future of Work Young people are the ones who will inhabit the fourth industrial revolution, that is why it is so important to understand our concerns and needs about the future. Shaping the Future of Work was born in 2018 as a result of the collab- oration of Global Shapers hubs from all over the world. That year, Canada had the presidency of the G7, and the Global Shapers from the Ottawa Hub decided to create Shape7, a project that sought to un- derstand the perspective of young people in the G7 countries about the fu- ture of work.