Thoulstone Eco Leisure Proposal, Thoulstone, Chapmanslade, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Assessment

Home , Upton Scudamore

NGR ST 84158 48041 ______

Prepared by: Sarah Cottam

On behalf of: James and Alka Hughes-Hallett

Document No: ACW1086/1/1

Date: May 2018

AC archaeology

THOULSTONE ECO LEISURE PROPOSAL, THOULSTONE, CHAPMANSLADE, WILTSHIRE: Historic Environment Assessment

Centred on NGR ST 84158 48041 ______

Contents Summary

1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………... 1

2. Legislation and policy …………………………………………………… 2

3. Assessment Methodology……………………………………………..... 3

4. Historic Development………………………………..…………...... 5

5. Heritage assets……………..…………………………………...... 7

6. Sitie Visit…………………………………………………………………. 12

7. Conclusions……………………………………………………………… 13

8. Sources Consulted………………………………………………………. 14

List of figures Fig. 1: Site location Fig. 2: Extract from the Upton Scudamore tithe map, 1839 Fig. 3: Extracts from the Ordnance Survey 1st edition map, 1890 Fig. 4: Location of recorded heritage assets

Appendices Appendix 1: Proposed Site Plan Appendix 2: Summary of heritage assets

THOULSTONE ECO LEISURE PROPOSAL, THOULSTONE, CHAPMANSLADE, WILTSHIRE: Historic Environment Assessment

Centred on NGR ST 84158 48041 ______

Summary An assessment of historic environment issues relating to the proposed redevelopment of land at the Thoulstone Park golf club in Thoulstone, Chapmanslade, Wiltshire was undertaken during March and April 2018. An assessment of baseline conditions has included all heritage assets up to 1km from the application area.

There are no designated archaeological heritage assets within the application area and 12 within the broader study area. The closest is Spinney Farmhouse, a Grade II Listed Building which stands within a historic farmyard adjacent to the southern boundary of the application area. Although there may be glimpsed shared views of the asset and the proposed development it is not considered that its significance could be affected by it. There could be no effect on the setting or significance of any other designated heritage assets within the study area.

The principal archaeological interest in the area is the presence of Romano-British kilns and associated occupation evidence to the north of the application area. Coins and pottery of this date have been identified within the application area and it is considered that there is a moderate potential for the presence of previously unrecorded deposits within it.

The application area lies close to a number of small medieval settlements recorded in documents, a number of which survive as farmsteads today. It is likely that the application area lay within the open fields surrounding these settlements and remained in agricultural use until its conversion to a golf course in recent years. Overall, it is considered that there is a low potential for the presence of medieval or post- medieval deposits, other than those associated with its agricultural use, within the application area.

A number of undated ring ditches have been identified within the study area and a Bronze Age cremation recorded within the grounds of Chalcott House. No contemporaneous activity has yet been identified but is likely to have been relatively close to any associated funerary monuments. There is a moderate potential for the presence of previously unrecorded features or deposits of prehistoric date within the application area.

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 This report sets out the results of a largely desk-based assessment of the historic environment (archaeology and cultural heritage) issues relating to the proposed redevelopment of land at the now disused Thoulstone Park golf club in Thoulstone, Chapmanslade, Wiltshire (centred on NGR 84158 48041). This assessment has been prepared by AC archaeology Ltd, on behalf of James and Alka Hughes-Hallett, during March and April 2018. The location of the site is shown on Fig. 1.

1.2 The assessment has been prepared in support of a proposed planning application to Wiltshire Council for the redevelopment of the site to include holiday accommodation, leisure facilities, a farm shop and restaurant and a small number of staff accommodations, a small informal golf course and green outdoor spaces. Overall, construction is proposed for approximately 5% of the application area, the remainder being retained as green space. The aim of the report is to provide Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 1 an assessment of any historic environment issues relating to the application area. A masterplan of the proposed development is included here as Appendix 1.

1.3 The application area lies within the parishes of Upton Scudamore and Chapmanslade. The parish boundary crosses the western extent of the site, although it is not physically demarcated on the ground. The site lies at c115mOD. The underlying geology comprises sedimentary sandstone of the Melbury Sandstone Member, chalk of the West Melbury Marly Chalk Formation and Sandstone of the Boyne Hollow Chert Member. No overlying deposits are recorded (BGS online).

2. LEGISLATION AND POLICY

2.1 Relevant legislation, guidance and policies relating to the protection, maintenance and enhancement of heritage assets may be summarised as follows:

Statutory

2.2 Listed buildings are protected under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. Section 66 of the Act requires that ‘In considering whether to grant planning permission (or permission in principle) for development which affects a listed building or its setting, the local planning authority or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State shall have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses’.

National policy

2.3 General policy and guidance for the conservation of the historic environment are now contained in Chapter 12 of the new National Planning Policy Framework, or NPPF (Department for Communities and Local Government 2012). Archaeological sites, buildings, parks and gardens, conservation areas, battlefields or other aspects of the historic environment that have significance because of their historic, archaeological, architectural or artistic interest are now considered heritage assets under a revised policy system. The relevant policies are listed below:

Paragraph 128 In determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets’ importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance. As a minimum the relevant historic environment record should have been consulted and the heritage assets assessed using appropriate expertise where necessary. Where a site on which development is proposed includes or has the potential to include heritage assets with archaeological interest, local planning authorities should require developers to submit an appropriate desk-based assessment and, where necessary, a field evaluation.

Paragraph 132 When considering the impact of a proposed development on the significance of a designated heritage asset, great weight should be given to the asset’s conservation. The more important the asset, the greater the weight should be. Significance can be harmed or lost through alteration or destruction of the heritage asset or development within its setting. As heritage assets are irreplaceable, any harm or loss should require clear and convincing justification. Substantial harm to or loss of a grade II listed building, park or garden should be exceptional. Substantial harm to or loss of designated heritage assets of the highest significance, notably scheduled monuments, protected wreck sites, battlefields, Grade I and II* listed buildings, Grade I and II* registered parks and gardens, and World Heritage Sites, should be wholly exceptional.

Paragraph 135 The effect of an application on the significance of a non-designated heritage asset should be taken into account in determining the application. In weighing applications that affect directly or indirectly non

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 2 designated heritage assets, a balanced judgement will be required having regard to the scale of any harm or loss and the significance of the heritage asset.

Paragraph 137 Local planning authorities should look for opportunities for new development within Conservation Areas and World Heritage Sites and within the setting of heritage assets to enhance or better reveal their significance. Proposals that preserve those elements of the setting that make a positive contribution to or better reveal the significance of the asset should be treated favourably.

Paragraph 139; Non-designated heritage assets of archaeological interest that are demonstrably of equivalent significance to scheduled monuments, should be considered subject to the policies for designated heritage assets.

Local Authority Plan Policies

2.4 At county level, relevant policies for the management of the historic environment are set out in the Wiltshire Core Strategy, adopted January 2015: Core Policy 58 Ensuring the conservation of the historic environment Development should protect, conserve and where possible enhance the historic environment. Designated heritage assets and their settings will be conserved, and where appropriate enhanced in a manner appropriate to their significance, including:

i. nationally significant archaeological remains ii. World Heritage Sites within and adjacent to Wiltshire iii. buildings and structures of special architectural or historic interest iv. the special character or appearance of conservation areas v. historic parks and gardens vi. important landscapes, including registered battlefields and townscapes.

Distinctive elements of Wiltshire’s historic environment, including non-designated heritage assets, which contribute to a sense of local character and identity will be conserved, and where possible enhanced. The potential contribution of these heritage assets towards wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits will also be utilised where this can be delivered in a sensitive and appropriate manner in accordance with Core Policy 57 (Ensuring High Quality Design and Place Shaping).

Heritage assets at risk will be monitored and development proposals that improve their condition will be encouraged. The advice of statutory and local consultees will be sought in consideration of such applications.

3. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

3.1 The study has consisted of a desk-based assessment, as defined by the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA) Standard and Guidance for Desk-Based Assessment (1994, revised 2017) and the National Planning Policy Framework (Department for Communities and Local Government 2012). Baseline data has been gathered from up to a 1km radius around the application area.

3.2 The scope of the study has included designated assets (World Heritage sites, Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, Conservation Areas, Battlefield Sites, Registered Parks and Gardens) and non-designated assets (archaeological sites and finds, historic buildings, other historic landscape features or locally-designated features, or areas, of cultural heritage significance).

3.3 The information derived from the study has been used:

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 3  To identify and assess the significance of the currently recorded heritage assets in the study area and any contribution made to their significance by their settings, if likely to be affected;  To assess the potential for the discovery of additional heritage assets within the boundaries of the application area, and;  To identify possible effects of the proposed redevelopment, whether adverse or positive, as far as is possible at this stage of assessment.

3.4 The study does not attempt to provide a detailed evaluation of impacts of development on the identified and potential heritage assets, nor provide any detailed mitigation proposals at this stage. A provisional overview of the nature of impacts of development on the principal heritage assets, however, does form part of this report, as required in NPPF para 128.

3.5 The results of the searches are discussed in Section 4-6. Relevant map extracts are included as Figs. 2-3. All heritage assets within 1km are summarised in Appendix 2 and their locations shown on Fig. 4.

3.6 This assessment has comprised a review of archaeological and historical information comprising:

 data held by the Wiltshire Historic Environment Record (hereafter WHER), acquired on 01 February 2018;  data held by the Historic England Archive (hereafter HEA) acquired on 02 February 2018;  the Magic website (www.magic.gov.uk) and on the English Heritage National Heritage List for England (NHLE), accessed during March 2018;  Historic air photographs held by Historic England and viewed in 2016;  a site visit undertaken on 3rd April 2018;  other published, unpublished, or online information.

3.7 This assessment has provided a summary of all recorded heritage assets within the study area from a search of a range of archaeological databases. Each source has its own limitations. Aerial photographs are of variable effectiveness depending on geology, land-use and weather conditions, while certain types of remains produce no cropmarks or soil marks. Documentary sources were seldom compiled for archaeological purposes, contain inherent biases, and provide a comprehensive basis of assessment only for the last two hundred years. National and county databases are also limited in that they only provide a record of known archaeological data.

Assessment of Significance

3.8 In order to meet the requirements of NPPF para 128, it is necessary to define the significance of individual, or groups of, heritage assets. There is no formal process for assessing the significance of heritage assets other than those with statutory protection (e.g. scheduled monuments, listed buildings), but advice on the criteria to be used is included in the English Heritage guidance ‘Conservation Principles – Policies and guidance for the sustainable management of the historic environment’ (EH 2008). This guidance states that heritage assets are considered to have significance based on their evidential, historical, aesthetic or communal value. Additional guidance on assessing the significance, and potential effects of development on that significance, is contained within the Historic England document (July 2015) Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning Note 2: Managing Significance in Decision-Taking in the Historic Environment. The National Planning Practice Framework also includes the criteria of architectural and artistic value.

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 4 3.9 The ranking of significance used in this assessment considers the EH (2008) criteria and the Planning Note, but expresses the results using a scale of significance derived from the Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, (DMRB Volume 11, 2007) and from guidance provided by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS, 2011) The ranking is presented in Table 1.

Table 1: Assessment of significance (value) of heritage assets

SIGNIFICANCE FACTORS FOR ASSESSING THE SIGNIFICANCE (VALUE) OF HERITAGE ASSETS (VALUE)  World Heritage Sites (including nominated sites); Very High  Assets of acknowledged international importance;  Assets that can contribute significantly to acknowledged international research objectives.  Assets with very high evidential, historic or archaeological value.  Scheduled Monuments (including proposed sites); High  Grade I and II* Listed Buildings;  Grade I and II* Registered Park & Garden  Undesignated heritage assets of schedulable or exceptional quality and importance;  Conservation Areas containing very important buildings;  Assets that can contribute significantly to acknowledged national research objectives.  Assets with high evidential, historic or archaeological value. Medium  Designated or undesignated assets that have exceptional qualities or contribute to regional research objectives;  Grade II Listed Buildings  Conservation Areas containing important buildings  Grade II Registered Park & Garden  Assets that can contribute to acknowledged regional research objectives.  Assets with moderate evidential, historic or archaeological value.  Designated and undesignated heritage assets of local importance; Low  Assets compromised by poor preservation and/or poor survival of contextual associations;  Assets of limited value, but with potential to contribute to local research objectives.  Assets with limited evidential, historic or archaeological value. Negligible  Assets with very little or no surviving archaeological, architectural or historical interest.  Assets with no evidential, historic or archaeological value. Unknown  The importance of the resource has not been ascertained.

The setting of heritage assets

3.10 Guidance on the potential impacts of any development upon the setting of heritage assets, including an outline methodology for assessment is contained within the Historic England document Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning Note 3: The Setting of Heritage Assets (Second edition, December 2017).

3.11 In addition, and in accordance with the requirements of NPPF para 128, consideration has been given to the settings of heritage assets that may be affected and whether their settings contribute to their significance.

4. HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT

4.1 This section of the report presents the results of the examination of a sequence of historic maps and documents relating to the application area. The site now lies within the parishes of Upton Scudamore and Chapmanslade but was formerly fully within the ancient parish of Upton Scudamore. Extracts of relevant maps are included here as Figs 2 and 3.

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 5

4.2 A useful history of the parish has been written (Woodman, 1991) and the following information has been extracted from it. Thoulston was included in the Domesday Survey for Upton but was described as being held of the king by the Norman barons Arnulf of Hesdin and William of Eu. The manor of Upton was held by the Scudamore family from the 11th century and held by them throughout the medieval period, apart from a brief, twelve year period of ownership by Queen Catherine Parr following the execution of Edward, Lord Hungerford by Henry VIII in 1540. Thoulston was formally annexed to Upton in c.1437.

4.3 The Upton Scudamore tithe map of 1839 (Fig.2) shows the application area wholly or partially covering 15 plots, including the very large Plot 141b. Ten of the plots were owned by John Norris Clark and four by James Butler Osborne Bayly, both large landowners within the parish. The Marquess of Bath, of Longleat House, owned two of the plots. A number of the fields shown on the 1839 tithe map are called ‘tyning’, which was a common place name in the southwest and may be derived from ‘to enclose with a hedge or fence’. The size of Plot 141b suggests that this area was part of the medieval open fields of Upton Scudamore and was not, for some reason, subdivided into enclosed fields.

4.4 Plot 159 is named as Cold Castle Tyning. Woodman (1991) suggests that a ‘cold castle’ marked the site of a Romano-British settlement, sometimes also known as ‘cold harbours’ because the Anglo-Saxons used derelict Roman buildings (see Site 13, below) for animal shelters or unmanned shelters (no food or drink available) for travellers. The historical and archaeological basis for this assertion is unclear however.

4.5 A single building stood within its garden plot within the application area (plot 129) fronting the road. The relevant tithe apportionment details are shown in Table 2, below.

Table 2: Relevant tithe apportionment details Plot Landowner Occupier Field name Description No. 127 John Norris Clark John Coles Carthouse Tyning Arable 128 John Norris Clark John Coles Carthouse Ground Arable 129 John Norris Clark John Coles House, outbuildings &garden Homestead 130 John Norris Clark John Coles Bells Tyning Arable 131 John Norris Clark John Coles Mountains Arable 132 Marquess of Bath Henry Slade Brown Lloyds Mead Arable 135 John Norris Clark John Coles Sams Tyning Arable 139 John Norris Clark John Coles Pook croft Arable 140 John Norris Clark John Coles Mondays Tyning Arable 141a John Norris Clark John Coles Mondays Tyning Arable 141b John Norris Clark John Coles Allotment in Thoulston Arable 142 Marquess of Bath Henry Slade Brown Allotment in Thoulston Field Arable 144 William Temple James Carp Harding Hedge Croft Wood 153 James Butler John Coles Chalcott Seven Acres Arable Osborne Bayly 154 James Butler John Coles Allotment in Chalcott Hollow Arable Osborne Bayly 155 James Butler John Coles Three acres and Old Road Arable Osborne Bayly 159 James Butler John Coles Cold Castle Tyning Arable Osborne Bayly

4.6 By the time of the publication of the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map in 1890, there has been some rationalisation and removal of boundaries since 1839, with many of the smaller fields being incorporated to form larger plots. A boundary has divided the northern part of Plot 141b and a number of footpaths are shown crossing it. A small sub-rectangular area is shown which may have been a small quarry or borrow pit and was not depicted on the 1839 tithe map. New areas

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 6 of copse or woodland have been created. Chalcot Park is shown as shaded and part of it lies within the north-eastern part of the application area.

4.7 The 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, published in 1901, shows that a north-south aligned boundary has been laid out in the centre of the application area but otherwise there is no significant change within it. Little changes within the area during the following decades. Between 1941 and 1961, however, a number of boundaries are shown, including the parish boundary. The existing buildings on the site are not shown on a map until 1993, when the new route of the A36, which separates the Spinney Farm complex, and the application area, from Thoulstone is also first shown.

5. HERITAGE ASSETS

Designated heritage assets

5.1 There are no designated heritage assets within the application area and 12 within the broader study area. These comprise one Grade II* Listed Building and 11 Grade II Listed Buildings. These are summarised in Appendix 2 and discussed below. There are no Scheduled Monuments, Registered Parks, Registered Battlefields, Conservation Areas or World Heritage Sites within 1km of the application area.

Spinney Farmhouse (Site 1)

5.2 Spinney Farmhouse, formerly listed as Thoulstone Farmhouse, is a Grade II Listed Building and stands adjacent to the application area (Plate 1). It is of 18th century date with 19th century alterations. The asset has architectural and historic interest and is of Medium Significance.

Plate 1: View of Spinney Farmhouse (Site 1) from the south

5.3 The original setting of the farmhouse comprised its functional relationship with the adjacent agricultural buildings and with the rural landscape beyond. The agricultural buildings survive and, Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 7 with the asset, form a relatively complete example of an 18th century farmstead. Although some of the outbuildings have been converted to living accommodation and the farm no longer operates as such, their former relationships can still be understood to some extent. The landscape beyond has not been built on although it is no longer in agricultural use and has been adapted for use as a golf course. The significance of the asset is principally derived from its historic and architectural value. Its setting makes a moderate contribution to its significance. The proposed masterplan (Appendix 1) shows that much of the application area will remain as green space. The main buildings in the complex will lie to the north of the asset. There may be shared, glimpsed views of the asset and the proposed development but the general topography and mature hedged and tree lined boundaries prevent far reaching views. The proposed landscaping within the application area will slightly modify the surroundings of the asset but it is considered that the conversion of the land from agricultural use to a golf course has already altered its character and the original setting of the asset. It is considered that proposed development within the application area could have a minor effect on the setting of the asset but could not affect its significance.

Thoulstone Farmhouse (Site 2)

5.4 Thoulstone Farmhouse (Plate 2) is a Grade II Listed Building and lies c75m south of the application area. It was formerly listed as Thoulston Manor Farm and was built in c.1800. It was a Longleat Estate Farm until the mid-20th century. The asset has architectural and historic interest and is of Medium Significance.

Plate 2: View of Thoulstone Farmhouse (Site 2) from the northeast

5.5 The original setting of the farmhouse comprised its functional relationship with its ancillary buildings and with the surrounding Longleat Estate, of which it once formed part. Although still in a rural environment, the asset is no longer a farmhouse and no longer belongs to the estate. It has lost these functional relationships but its place within the rural landscape can still be understood. The asset is a prominent building within that landscape. The significance of the asset is principally derived from its historic and architectural interest and its setting makes a

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 8 moderate contribution to this. The asset is well screened from the A36 and the application area beyond by mature trees and there are unlikely to be shared views of the asset and the proposed development, even during winter when vegetation is reduced. The proposed development could have no effect on the setting or significance of this asset.

Chalcott House (Site 7) and its stable block (Site 6)

5.6 Chalcott House is an early 18th century country house which incorporates elements of a 17th century structure and is a Grade II* Listed Building. The interior of the building was extensively refitted during renovations undertaken for the Phipps family in the early 1870s by J.P. St Aubyn, an eminent church architect whose most notable achievement was the restoration of St Michael’s Mount in Cornwall. The rambling service wing was demolished during renovations undertaken in the 1970s. The asset has great architectural and historic interest and is of High Significance.

5.7 The stable block, a Grade II Listed Building, dates to the 1870s and encloses a courtyard on three sides. It was designed by J.P. St Aubyn and constructed as part of his renovation work on Chalcott House. The asset has historic and architectural interest and is of Medium Significance.

5.8 The setting of these assets comprises their functional relationship with each other and their location within the extensive landscaped grounds of Chalcott Park. The application area includes a small part of this parkland, on an area separated from the assets by the A3098. The proposed masterplan (Appendix 1) shows that the area of principal development will lie outside, and some distance away from the park itself which will remain as landscaped grounds. The A3098 is a narrow road bounded on both sides by mature hedges and trees which restrict long ranging views across the relatively flat landscape. It is not considered that there would be any shared views of the assets and the proposed development within the application area and the development could have no effect on the functional and historic relationship between the two assets. It is considered that the proposed development within the application area could have no effect on the settings of the assets and therefore no effect on their significance.

Other designated heritage assets within the study area

5.9 Summerstead Farmhouse (Site 4) is an 17th century farmhouse, now a private house. Short Street Farmhouse (Site 5) is of 18th century date with later alterations. Black Dog Farmhouse (Site 8) is of late 18th century date and was part of the Longleat Estate until the mid-20th century. Barters Farm (Site 9) is of early 18th century date and is now a private house.

5.10 Huntly House (Site 10), 52 High Street (Site 11) and Nos. 18, 20, 22 and 24 Southcroft (Site 12) all lie within the small settlement of Chapmanslade. There is a milestone (Site 3) at the junction with Westbury Road.

5.11 These assets all have historic and architectural interest and are of Medium Significance. It is considered that development within the application area could have no effect on their settings or significance.

Non-designated heritage assets

5.12 There are 61 non-designated heritage assets currently recorded by the HEA and the WHER within the study area. Four of these (Sites 13, 14, 15 and 71) lie within the application area. All non-designated heritage assets are summarised in Appendix 2, described in more detail (where available) below and shown on Fig. 4.

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 9

Prehistoric (c. 50,000BC to AD43)

5.13 There are five non-designated heritage assets of Prehistoric date currently recorded within the study area. Mesolithic (Sites 19 and 53) and Neolithic (Site 73) flint assemblages have been found to the northwest of the application area and a Bronze Age socketed axe (Site 33) was found to the west. No associated features or deposits have been recorded with these finds although their presence in the area is of interest. Although they have lost now their original contexts, they are considered to be of Low Significance.

5.14 A Bronze Age cremation (Site 28) was found under a banded bucket urn near Chalcot House sometime before 1913. This asset is recorded by the HER as shown on the Fig.1 but in the HEA data it lies within the application area. The correct location is unclear. No further features have been recorded and the cremation has been removed. The asset is of Low Significance.

Romano-British (AD43 – AD410)

5.15 There are 14 non-designated heritage assets of Romano-British date currently recorded within the study area, one of which (Site 13) lies within the application area.

5.16 Three possible kilns were recorded during an archaeological evaluation undertaken in advance of the construction of a tennis court, c.350m to the north of the application area, in 1999 (Site 24). These features were surrounded by charcoal rich deposits and extensive spreads of Romano- British pottery. In 2004-5 further archaeological investigations were undertaken in an adjacent plot (Site 25). A kiln, occupation area, workshop floor and postholes were recorded and a geophysical survey across a wider area identified another probable kiln in the vicinity. These assets are of archaeological interest, can contribute to the understanding of local pottery production and its regional distribution and are considered to be of Medium Significance.

5.17 Further dispersed finds of Romano-British pottery and coins have been recorded in the fields around Short Street (Sites 17, 20, 22 and 26), a number of which have been identified as kiln wasters (waste produced by misfiring of the pots and usually discarded). A coin hoard and associated pottery (Site 18) was also found in this area in 1993. A collection of several hundred coins has been recorded at Chalcot House (Site 29), c.215m northwest of the application area. It is not known if these derive from a single hoard or from a number of chance finds. Pottery and brooches have been found in association with them. Chance finds of coins and pottery of Romano-British date have been made to the north of Thoulston Farm (Site 13) within the application area, to the south of it (Sites 33 and 34), to the southwest (Site 42) and to the west (Sites 50 and 51). These assets have largely lost any direct contextual associations although their presence in the area, and relative proximity to the kiln sites, is of archaeological interest and can contribute to local research. The assets are of Low to Negligible Significance.

Early-Medieval (AD410 to AD1066)

5.18 There are no non-designated heritage assets of early-medieval date currently recorded within the study area.

Medieval (AD1066 to AD1540)

5.19 There are seven non-designated heritage assets of Medieval date currently recorded within the study area. The settlement of Thoulston (Site 15) is recorded as Tholvestone in AD1275. Its

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 10 population gradually declined throughout the medieval period from 22 poll tax payers in 1377 to having only seven houses in the late 16th century. A chapel was founded by the Scidamore family sometime before 1319 and was demolished in 1770. There is a slight rise in the ground in a field called ‘Chapel Close’ but no structural remains are visible. The settlement at Short Street (Site 23) was recorded as Sheterestret in AD1277. The settlement at Chalcot Park (Site 27) was recorded as Caldecote in AD1249. Some earthworks are visible to the west of the house on air photographs (Site 54). Chapmanslade (Site 40) is a village with medieval origins known as Chipmannesled in AD1245. Norridge Common (Site 66) was known as Northrigge in AD1203. Earthworks to the north may represent part of the early settlement although the locations of a possible chapel and moated manor remains uncertain. Godswell Grove Farm (Site 46) is a farmstead with medieval origins and was known as Godeswell in AD1189. These assets have historic interest and may also have archaeological interest. They are of Low Significance.

Post-medieval (AD1540 to AD1901)

5.20 There are 12 non-designated heritage asset of post-medieval date recorded within the study area. Spinney Farm (Site 72) is an 18th century farmstead of loose courtyard plan. It has retained all components of its historic form with minimal alteration. The asset stands adjacent to the application area. Barter’s Farm (Site 39) is an 18th century farmstead of loose courtyard plan. The farmhouse is the only surviving historic structure. Godswell Grove Farm (Site 45) is a 19th century farmstead of loose courtyard plan with only a partial loss of historic buildings. Black Dog Farm (Site 47) is an 18th century farmstead of regular courtyard plan with only a partial loss of historic buildings. Dilton Court Farm is a 19th century farmstead of dispersed plan, within or in association with, a part. All its historic components survive with little alteration. Nineteenth century outfarms at Short Street (Site 21), Godwell Grove (Site 43), Black Dog Farm (Site 48), Dilton Marsh (Site 56) and Dilton Court Farm (Site 61) have been identified from historic maps but have now been demolished with a total loss of all historic buildings.

5.21 These assets have been assessed as part of the Wiltshire and Swindon Farmsteads and Landscape Project (Edwards and Lake, 2014). This project was undertaken to redress the imbalance in the number of (unlisted) historic farmsteads recorded by the Historic Environment Records, to recognise and assess the contribution each makes to the landscape and to identify their condition, character and sensitivity in order to better inform any future planning decisions. These assets have historic and archaeological value and can contribute to this research. They are of Low Significance.

5.22 A cottage (Site 41) has been identified as the weaving shop occupied by J&J Cockell until 1828. It has historic and some archaeological interest and is of Low Significance. A group of pottery fragments and other occupational debris was found in a newly ploughed field and suggests a habitation site. This has archaeological interest and is of Low Significance.

Modern (AD1901 to present)

5.23 There are no non-designated heritage assets of modern date currently recorded within the study area.

Undated

5.24 There are 23 undated heritage assets currently recorded within the study area, two of which (Sites 14 and 16) lie within the application area. Eleven of the undated assets (Sites 14, 16, 30, 38, 49, 55, 58, 62, 67, 68, 69, 70 and 71) are field systems or parts of field systems, some of which

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 11 survive as earthworks and have been identified by examination of air photographs. Sites 14, 62, 68, 69 and 70 have the characteristics of medieval ridge and furrow cultivation and may have formed part of the open field system around Thoulstone. The linear cropmarks at Site 71 correspond with former field boundaries shown on the tithe map. Sites 44, 49 and 55 may be natural features, possibly former streambeds.

5.25 Sites 31, 37, 64, 65 and 67 are circular cropmarks and may be ring ditches associated with Bronze Age barrows, although none have been investigated. Sites 36, 57, 59 and 63 may represent the remains of settlement features.

5.26 These assets all have evidential value in their sub-surface deposits. They are considered to be of Unknown Significance because the importance of the resource has yet to be ascertained. If future investigations confirm date and form their significance/value may be greatly enhanced.

Previous Investigations

5.27 There are no previous archaeological investigations recorded by the HEA or WHER within the application area.

Historic Hedgerows

5.28 There are no hedgerows within the application area or bounding it that are considered to be important under criterion 5a of Schedule 1, Part II of the Hedgerow Regulations of 1997.

Historic Landscape Characterisation

5.29 The Wiltshire Historic Landscape Characterisation has been undertaken to define the historic environment for each of the Landscape Character types in the county. Most of the application area lies within an area named Thoulstone Golf Course. This is described as ‘having a presumably recent origin and shown as open land adjacent to parkland on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map’. The north-eastern part of the application area lies within an area named as Formerly part of Chalcot Park. It is described as ‘land which once formed part of Chalcot park, a designed landscape feature in existence since at least the 19th century. Although it no longer appears to be part of the core of the park, there has been little change in its character’. The southern part of the application area, which lies to the south of Spinney Farmhouse is described as ‘modern fields created in an area formerly occupied by piecemeal enclosures, as shown on 19th century mapping’.

6. SITE VISIT

6.1 A site inspection was undertaken in April 2018, to review the locations of previously recorded heritage assets that may be affected, to establish the presence of any previously unrecorded archaeological features and to consider the general archaeological potential of the proposed extension area. Land-use and topography was also recorded. The weather conditions at the time of the visit were sunny and dry.

6.2 The majority of the application area comprises generally the open grassland of the former golf course, with a number of artificial bunds created as part of its landscaping. Toward the southern part of the application area is the former driving range and ancillary buildings. This area is largely under concrete and tarmac comprising an access road and parking areas. Two modern buildings, currently disused, occupy part of this area. The application area is bounded to the north by the Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 12 A3098 road, to the south by the A36 and the Drove. There is no physical boundary to the east side of the application area.

6.3 No previously unrecorded archaeological features were noted. The extent of ground disturbance caused by the modern use of the site could not be ascertained.

7. CONCLUSIONS

7.1 There are no designated heritage assets within the application area and 12 within the broader study area. The closest is Spinney Farmhouse, a Grade II Listed Building which stands adjacent to the southern boundary of the application area. The associated 18th century farmstead within which the asset stands remains largely extant and forms part of the setting of the asset. This will remain unaffected by proposed development within the application area. Although there will be new buildings and additional landscaping within the application area, it ceased to be an agricultural landscape when the golf course was constructed and restricting the current setting of the asset. Although there may be glimpsed shared views of the asset and the proposed development it is not considered that its significance could be affected. Proposed development within the application area could have no effect on the settings or significance of any of the other designated heritage assets within the study area.

7.2 The principal archaeological interest is the presence of Romano-British kilns and associated occupation evidence to the north of the application area and the recovery of a large number of coins, including at least one hoard, across the study area. A quantity of coins and pottery was recovered by the farmer while ploughing within the western part of the application area itself (Site 13). This area currently lies within the golf course and has been subject to landscaping. This area will not be affected by the proposed construction works and will remain as green space. With the exception of the kilns at Short Street, most of the other finds have been isolated or have been discovered during ploughing and are not associated with known archaeological features or deposits. Field names shown on the tithe map include Cold Castlefield, which is sometimes associated with Romano-British settlement. No archaeological investigations have yet been undertaken within the application area, but it is considered that there is a moderate potential for the presence of previously unrecorded Romano-British deposits within it, associated with Site 13.

7.3 The application area lies close to a number of settlements which were recorded in medieval documents. The landscape between those settlements, including the application area, was likely to have been in agricultural use during that period. An undated field system (Site 14), although undated, is likely to be associated with the open fields around these settlements. The historic mapping suggests that the generally low-lying land may have been wet or boggy and unsuitable for settlement or other uses. There have been a number of boundary changes within the application area since 1839 but no evidence for buildings or development until the construction of the modern buildings on the site. Overall, it is considered that there is a low potential for the presence of medieval or post-medieval deposits, other than those associated with its agricultural use, within the application area.

7.4 The north-eastern extent of the application area lies within the parkland associated with Chalcot Park. Although it is no longer part of it, it has retained the character of the designed landscape. The proposed development will not impact on this area and will not affect its historic character.

7.5 A number of undated ring ditches have been identified in the study area, to the southeast and southwest of the application area. A Bronze Age cremation has been recorded in the grounds of Chalcott House, with one source placing it within the application area although its contextual Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 13 associations are unknown. Although the date of the ring ditches has not been confirmed, the presence of the cremation and the recovery of a bronze axe is suggestive of activity of that date. No contemporaneous settlement activity has yet been identified within the study area, although it is likely to have been relatively close to any associated funerary monuments. It is considered therefore that there is a moderate potential for the presence of previously unrecorded features or deposits of prehistoric date within the application area.

7.6 There have been no recorded archaeological investigations within the application area, and there is some potential for the presence of previously unrecorded heritage assets within it. Any groundworks associated with the excavation of footings, service trenches or landscaping are likely to have an adverse impact on the survival and significance of any heritage assets which may be present. Any such remains are likely to be of low significance.

8. SOURCES CONSULTED

British Geological Survey online www.bgs.ac.uk/open geoscience

Edwards, B., and Lake, J., 2014, Wiltshire & Swindon Farmsteads and landscape Project, Forum Heritage Services for English Heritage and Wiltshire Buildings Record

Ekwall, E., 1960, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, Oxford University Press

English Heritage National Heritage List for England www.english-heritage.org.uk/professional/protection/process/national-heritage-list-for-england

Open Domesday website www.opendomesday.org accessed March 2018

Woodman, R.G.T. 1991. Upton Scudamore. Trowbridge: Micro Colour Limited. ______

Thoulstone Park: Historic Environment Assessment Report no. ACW1086/1/1 Page 14 Site location

AC archaeology PROJECT Thoulstone Park

TITLE Fig. 1: Site location AC archaeology PROJECT Thoulstone Park

TITLE Fig. 2: Extract from the Upton Scudamore tithe map, 1839 AC archaeology PROJECT Thoulstone Park

TITLE Fig. 3: Extract from the Ordnance Survey 1st-edition map, 1890 57 0 200 400 600 800 1000 m 58 51 56 52

53 54 30

50 55 59

48 5 49 6 29 8 25 7 24 47 23 27 732928 22 68 21 26 20 19 17 18 44 45

43 46 16 4 13 61 62 67 3 14 32 31 69 72 63 2 1 42 15 41 9 68 71 10 39 70 11 40 12 64 38 65

37 33

35 66

AC archaeology PROJECT

36 Thoulstone Park

67 TITLE

Fig. 4: Location of recorded heritage assets Appendix 1

AC archaeology

Appendix 2

AC archaeology

HERITAGE ASSETS WITHIN STUDY AREA

Site HER/NMR/LEN Easting Northing Type Evidence Description Period Designatio Significanc No Reference n e 1 LEN 1036523 383883 148039 Extant Farmhouse Spinney Farmhouse Post- Listed Medium Structure C18 and early C19 medieval Building Grade II 2 LEN1036524 383739 148028 Extant Farmhouse Thoulstone Farmhouse Post- Listed Medium Structure Circa 1800. A Longleat Estate farm until mid C20 medieval Building Grade II 3 LEN 1193904 383507 148237 Extant Milestone Milestone at junction with Westbury Road Post- Listed Medium Structure c1834, cast iron classical style pillar with medieval Building weathered and moulded top. Raised lettering Grade II reads BATH/14/WARMINSTER/3. Mid C18 stone milepost (presumably 1751-2) retained at rear. The post was moved to its present position when the A36/A3098 junction was reconstructed 4 LEN 1194309 383442 148274 Extant Farmhouse Summerstead Farmhouse Post- Listed Medium Structure Late C17, altered C20 medieval Building Grade II 5 LEN 1036532 383907 148909 Extant Farmhouse Short Street Farmhouse Post- Listed Medium Structure Early C18, early C19 additions. Former outbuilding medieval Building is now an annexe. Grade II 6 LEN 1364288 384205 148909 Extant Stable Stables at Chalcot House Post- Listed Medium Structure 1870s, enclosing courtyard on 3 sides, square medieval Building clock tower with tapered spire to roof Grade II 7 LEN 1021468 384294 148824 Extant House Chalcot House. Post- Listed High Structure Country house, early C18, incorporates part of late medieval Building C17 house, late C18 and 1872 additions and Grade II* alterations 8 LEN 1364276 383069 148850 Extant Farmhouse Black Dog Farmhouse Post- Listed Medium Structure Late C18, part of the Longleat estate until the mid medieval Building C20. Grade II 9 LEN 1036525 382885 147864 Extant Farmhouse Barters Farm Post- Listed Medium Structure Farmhouse, now a detached house, Early C18 medieval Building Grade II 10 LEN 1364279 382798 147832 Extant House Huntly House Post- Listed Medium Structure Late C18, semi-detached house, altered C20 medieval Building Grade II 11 LEN 1036528 382809 147832 Extant House 52, High Street Post- Listed Medium Structure Mid C18, semi-detached house medieval Building Grade II 12 LEN 1285762 382888 147741 Extant House 18, 20, 22 and 24, Southcroft Post- Listed Medium Structure House with additions, now four cottages, Early medieval Building C18 with later C18 additions Grade II 13 NMR 207530 383799 148298 Findspot Artefacts Roman coins and pottery have been found in the Romano- None Low HER MWI1054 grounds of Thoulston and in a field near Row British turnpike. They are associated with similar finds nearby. The area is ploughed infrequently and no other material has been noted by the farmer 14 HER MWI1082 383792 148219 Field System Cropmark An undated field system, probably medieval, Undated None Low visible on air photographs. Probably associated with ridge and furrow.

Appendix 2: Summary of heritage assets

HERITAGE ASSETS WITHIN STUDY AREA

Site HER/NMR/LEN Easting Northing Type Evidence Description Period Designatio Significanc No Reference n e 15 NMR 207527 383794 148000 Settlement Documentary Thoulston. A settlement with medieval origins. Medieval None Low HER MWI1065 Known as Tholvestone in AD1257Settlement documented as experiencing a population decline throughout the medieval period. The VCH states that Thoulstone had 22 poll tax payers in 1377, in 1428 only 10 families are recorded and by the late 16th century only 7 houses were left. It seems probable that there was always a degree of habitation there making it a shrunken village rather than a deserted one. Site of a chapel founded by the Scidamore family pre-1319, pulled down 1770. Not visible on the ground. It occupies a slight rise in a field called Chapel Close. 16 HER MWI1100 384381 148411 Field system Cropmark East of Thoulston. A possible field system is Undated None Negligible vaguely visible on an air photograph 17 HER MWI1059 383889 148518 Findspot Pottery An assemblage of late Romano-British coarse Romano- None Low pottery, perhaps kiln waster debris from a field British called 'Ellencroft' 18 HER MWI1056 383800 148543 Findspot Coins A Romano-British copper coin hoard found in 1993 Romano- None Low with associated pottery fragments British 19 SMR 383799 148550 Findspot Flint tools South west of Chalcote House. A mesolithic flint Prehistoric None Low ST84NW050 tool assemblage. 20 HER MWI1041 383800 148599 Findspot Coin South west of Short Street Farm. A coin, Siliqua Romano- None Negligible of Valens British 21 HER MWI71202 383845 148624 Outfarm Cartographic Demolished C19 outfarm, isolated location. All Post- None Low buildings have been lost medieval 22 HER MWI1058 383923 148681 Industrial Site Pottery A large quantity of pottery, mostly 3rd-4th century Romano- None Low AD in date, found in concentrations in Emmetts British Piece. No kiln found but likely to be one in the vicinity 23 HER MWI1072 383879 148839 Settlement Documentary Short Street. A settlement with medieval origins. Medieval None Low Known as Sheterestret in AD 1257. A small excavation was undertaken there in 1980 24 NMR 1337458 383700 148750 Industrial Site Feature Short Street Farm, Three oval fired clay structures, Romano- None Medium HER MWI1062 possibly kilns, were revealed during an evaluation British in advance of the construction of a tennis court in 1999. The structures were surrounded by charcoal rich and extensive spreads of RB pottery. The features have been left undisturbed beneath the tennis court. 25 HER MWI1063 383720 148772 Kiln Feature Roman pottery kilns at Short Street. In 2004-5 Romano- None Medium HER EWI6722 local residents started excavating a kiln in the area British HER EWI6723 adjacent to the tennis court (see Site 18). Two trenches were excavated, one of which contained a kiln and the other, occupation evidence, a possible workshop floor and postholes. Additionally, a magnetometer survey was undertaken in the next field producing evidence for another possible kiln and a linear.

Appendix 2: Summary of heritage assets

HERITAGE ASSETS WITHIN STUDY AREA

Site HER/NMR/LEN Easting Northing Type Evidence Description Period Designatio Significanc No Reference n e 26 NMR 207545 383600 148600 Findspot Coins RB coins and pottery dispersed over fields Romano- None Low HER MWI1050 Pottery adjacent to Short Street. British 27 HER MWI1066 384210 148830 Settlement Documentary Chalcot Park. Setllement with medieval origins. Medieval None Low Known as Caldecote in AD1249. Aerial photographs show earthworks to the west of Chalcot House 28 NMR 207542 384300 148800 Burial Inhumation A Bronze Age human cremation found under a Prehistoric None Low HER MWI1047 bucket urn. Found before 1913 29 NMR 207524 384350 148880 Findspot Finds Roman coins, brooches and pottery were found in Romano- None Low HER MWI1051 the grounds of Chalcot House . Generally 3-4th British century material, including a number of complete pots as well as some wasters. Also a collection of several hundred coins, It is not known if the coins were a hoard or chance finds 30 HER MWI1083 384510 149240 Field System Cropmark A field system visible on air photographs Undated None Low 31 HER MWI1091 383170 148120 Site Ring ditch Circular crop mark approximately 15m in diameter Undated None Low with associated linear cropmark visible on air photograph 32 HER MWI1048 383458 148210 Findspot Find Flint scraper, almost certainly Bronze Age Prehistoric None Negligible 33 NMR 207551 386790 147400 Findspot Axe Near Dead Maids Corner. A Bronze Age socketed Prehistoric None Low HER MWI1046 axe found in June 1960 34 HER MWI1061 384200 147300 Findspot Pottery RB pottery fragments found on edge of ploughed Romano- Negligible area. British 35 HER MWI1060 384400 147200 Findspot Coins Eighteen RB coins, two brooches and a fragment Romano- None Low Pottery of bronze British 36 HER MWI1089 383988 146967 Site Cropmark Parallel and other linear cropmarks visible on air Undated None Unknown photographs, perhaps associated with ring ditches 37 HER MWI1090 383064 147396 Ring ditch ?soilmark An undated ring ditch visible on air photographs Undated None Unknown 38 HER MWI11081 383059 147647 Site Earthwork An undated linear earthwork visible on air Undated None Unknown photograph 39 HER MWI70214 382932 147858 Farmstead Cartographic Barter’s Farm Post- None Low C18 farmstead of loose courtyard plan, two sides medieval are formed by working agricultural buildings. The farmhouse is set away from the yard 40 HER MWI1067 382911 147883 Settlement Documentary Chapmanslade Medieval None Low A settlement with medieval origins 41 HEA 207554 382803 147899 Cottage Extant Cottages, 1821, textile housing and workshops Post- None Low structure have been identified as a weaving shop occupied medieval by J&J Cockell of Boyers until 1828 42 HEA 1308778 383005 147998 Findspot Find Findspot of a Roman coin hoard uncovered by a Romano- None Low metal detector in 1993 British 43 HER MWI71198 382721 148332 Outfarm Cartographic Demolished C19 outfarm SW of Godwell Grove Post- None Low Farm, isolated location medieval 44 HER MWI1077 382760 148346 Feature Earthwork Curving linear earthwork visible on air - None Negligible photographs, fieldwork suggests it is a dried uop streambed 45 HER MWI70209 382855 148401 Farmstead Cartographic Godswell Grove Farm Post- None Low Partially extant C19 farmstead of loose courtyard medieval plan, farmhouse is detached with gable onto the yard, less than 50% loss of traditional buildings Appendix 2: Summary of heritage assets

HERITAGE ASSETS WITHIN STUDY AREA

Site HER/NMR/LEN Easting Northing Type Evidence Description Period Designatio Significanc No Reference n e 46 HER MWI1071 382826 148348 Farmstead Documentary Godswell Grove Farm Medieval None Low A farmstead with medieval origins 47 HER MWI70208 383117 148826 Farmstead Cartographic Black Dog Farm Post- None Low Partially extant C18 farmstead of regular courtyard medieval plan. Courtyrad is L-shaped with a detached farmhouse, in an isolated location. Less than 50% loss of traditional buildings 48 HER MWI70220 383185 148901 Outfarm Cartographic Site of C19 outfarm NE of Black Dog Farm, two Post- None Low sides of the loose courtyard formed by agricultural medieval buildings, isolated location, all buildings have been lost 49 HER MWI1078 383278 148851 Field system Air Possible field system visible on air photographs. Undated None Unknown photograph Maybe an old stream course 50 HER MWI1053 383667 149091 Findspot Find Romano-British pottery fragments found Romano- None Negligible British 51 HER MWI1052 383716 148399 Findspot Find A Romano-British coin found Romano- None Negligible British 52 HER MWI1075 384010 149390 Findspot Find Post-medieval pottery fragments and other Post- None Low domestic rubbish in a newly ploughed field, medieval suggests a habitation site 53 HER MWI1042 384006 149240 Findspot Find A Mesolithic flint tool collection found Mesolithic None Low 54 HEA 207548 384112 149209 Settlement Documentary Chalcot Medieval None Low Alleged deserted medieval village indicated by cropmarks. No documentary evidence yet linked to this site 55 HER MWI1079 384032 149143 Field system Air Possible field system visible on air photographs. Undated None Unknown photograph Maybe an old stream course 56 HER MWI70241 384314 149416 Outfarm Cartographic Demolished C19 outfarm, single structure in an Post- None Low isolated location. All historic buildings lost medieval 57 HER MWI1080 384429 149605 Site Earthwork Undated earthworks visible on air photographs Undated None Unknown 58 HER MWI1083 384715 1489491 Field system Air Field system visible on air photographs Undated None Unknown photograph 59 HER MWI959 385133 149086 Site Earthwork An undated earthwork, possibly a house platform Undated None Unknown 60 HER MWI70242 384921 148752 Farmstead Cartographic Dilton Court Farm Post- None Low Extant C19 farmstead of dispersed plan, within or medieval in association to a park, all historic components retained with minimum alteration 61 HER MWI71210 384851 148267 Outfarm Cartographic Outfarm at Dilton Court Farm, extant C19, single Post- None Low structure, all historic components retained medieval 62 HER MWI1014 385450 148149 Field system Air An undated field system, possibly associated with Undated None Unknown photograph ridge and furrow 63 HEA 992841 385599 148012 Enclosure Air Rectangular enclosure plotted from air Undated None Unknown HER MWI1013 photograph photographs 64 HER MWI1015 385467 147649 Ring ditch Cropmark An undated ring ditch visible on air photographs Undated None Unknown 65 HER MWI974 385474 147625 Ring ditch Cropmark An undated ring ditch and part of another visible Undated None Unknown on air photographs 66 HEA 207464 385084 147227 Settlement Documentary Norridge Medieval None Low HER MWI893 Alleged deserted medieval village with a possible moated manor and chapel, location uncertain

Appendix 2: Summary of heritage assets

HERITAGE ASSETS WITHIN STUDY AREA

Site HER/NMR/LEN Easting Northing Type Evidence Description Period Designatio Significanc No Reference n e 67 AC archaeology 383190 148480 Ring ditch Cropmark Ring-ditch, approximately 22m in diameter noted Undated None Low on CUCAP vertical photographs RC8/BM 139-140. Probable ploughed-out round barrow. 68 AC archaeology 383200 147970 Linear Cropmark Pair of linear features noted on CUCAP vertical Undated None Low photographs RC8/BM 139-140. They are aligned approximately north-south with slight recurve towards the northern end. Former field boundaries; the slight recurve may indicate a medieval date. 69 AC archaeology 383490 148050 Linear Cropmark Cropmarks of linear features noted on CUCAP Undated None Low vertical photographs RC8/BM 139-140 and forming part of rectilinear field system covering at least 3ha. Probably medieval or later. 70 AC archaeology 383610 177890 Linear Cropmark Pair of parallel ditches noted on CUCAP vertical Undated None low photographs RC8/BM 139-140. Aligned east-west for 100m before making a 90º turn to the north with a rounded corner. Visible for a distance of 150m. Although superficially similar to part of a Roman military feature such as a fort or camp, the alignment of the ditches suggests they are of later date and probably associated with the field system at 69 71 AC archaeology 384020 147930 Linear Cropmark Cropmarks of ditches noted on Ordnance Survey Undated None Negligible vertical air photograph dated 1984. Former field boundaries recently grubbed out. Still extant and hedged boundaries on Ordnance Survey vertical air photograph dated 1978. 72 HER MWI70212 383898 148055 Farmstead Cartographic Spinney Farm Post- None Low Extant C18 farmstead of loose courtyard plan, medieval three sides of the courtyard are formed by working agricultural buildings, farmhouse attached. The farmstead has retained all components of its historic form with minimal apparent alteration. 73 NMR 863915 384290 148790 Findspot Flint A core and core fragment, core rejuvenation flake , Prehistoric None Low HER MWI044 axe roughout, 6 blades, 8 blade flakes and 13 waste flakes found. Neolithic

Appendix 2: Summary of heritage assets Wiltshire Office Devon Office

AC archaeology Ltd AC archaeology Ltd Manor Farm Stables Unit 4, Halthaies Workshops Chicklade Bradninch Hindon Nr Exeter Nr Salisbury Devon Wiltshire EX5 4LQ SP3 5SU

Telephone: 01747 820581 Telephone/Fax: 01392 882410 Fax: 01747 820440