Index

A erbium-doped fiber laser, 181 Ablative, 319–320, 324, 328 Mohs reconstruction, 182 laser, 157, 158, 161–163, 307–317 1,550-nm nonablative, 181 resurfacing, 289–293 photothermolysis, 181 skin resurfacing, laser, 299–301 laser treatment, 179 wrinkle reduction, 70 nonablative treatment Absorption, 23–26, 28, 30, 32, 33, 35 devices, 180 Absorption spectra, skin chromophores, 228, 229 fractional lasers, 180 Acne Azo compounds, 201, 206–208 classic lesions, 83 infrared laser therapy, 91 B light-based therapies Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 165, 167–169, 363–365 description, 84 Basaliomas, 45, 47 PDT, 88–91 Becker nevi, 63 photoexcitation spectrum, protoporphyrins, 84 Becker’s nevus, 154 Propionibacterium, 84–87 Benign pigmented lesions sebaceous glands, 87–88 Becker’s nevus, 154 traditional therapies, 83 café au lait patch, 153–154 vulgaris, 73–77, 368–369 laser/light source treatment Acquired bilateral nevus of ota-like macules (ABNOM) ABNOM, 150–151 description, 150 and lentigines, 147–149 nevus of Ota, 150 melanocytic nevi, 151 QS ruby, 151 nevus of Ota, 149–150 Actinic cheilitis, 165–166 Actinic keratosis (AK), 166–167, 362–363 description, 151 Adenoma sebaceum, 43, 45, 46 pigment lasers/IPL, 152–153 Adverse effects, 324, 327–328 resurfacing lasers, 151–152 5-ALA. See 5-aminolevolinic acid treatment, 151 Albedo, 27 vascular laser, 153 Alexandrite laser, 348 Benign tumors, 43–57 quality-switched, 189, 194, 196, 197, 203 Biopsies, 43, 48, 57 Allergic reaction, 201, 202 Biostimulation, 28–29 American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery, 379, 380 Birt-Hogg-Dubé-syndrome, 43–44 5-Aminolevolinic acid (5-ALA), 69–72, 75–77 Blaschko lines, 44 Analgesia, 345, 347 Bleeding, pin-point, 195, 196, 200 , 43 Blepharoplasty, 299, 302, 304 serpiginosum Blood, 211–216, 218, 219 arm, 282 Blow-off model, 32, 33 described, 281 Body modifications, 353 Argon, laser, 43, 45, 46, 53 Bowen’s disease, 365–366 Atrophic scars, 310, 314–315 Business, laser surgery ablative treatment FDA

CO2 laser, 180–181 aspirin, 399 pulsed Er:YAG lasers, 181 CDRH, 400 description, 179 device safety, 400 fractional laser treatment economists, 400–401

C. Raulin and S. Karsai (eds.), Laser and IPL Technology in and Aesthetic Medicine, 411 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03438-1, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 412 Index

free market, 400 Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), 404 fundamental idea, finance, 401 Complications, 328, 333–343 manufacturing processes, 402 Compression bandage, 216, 217 medical devices, certification, 402 Congenital hemangioendothelioma sulfa drug, US description, 251 healthcare KHE benefits, regulations, 398 thermography, 254 FDA, 397 “wasp sting symptom”, 254–255 incentive programs, 399 NICH mandates, 398–399 and RICH, 252 nationalized system, 398 thermography, 253 physicians, 398 thrombocytes, 253 “quality metrics”, 399 RICH “re-education sessions”, 399 and IH, 252 regulation, 397–398 regression, 252 quacks wrinkled skin, 253 CAM, 404 “tufted angioma”, 253 internet, 403 Consumer society, 351 “marketing”, 403–404 Contact cooling, 345–346 “patent” medicine, 403 Contactless cooling, 345–347 traditional remedies, 404 Continuous wave (cw-Nd:YAG) laser reality check application modes, 270 FDA, 402–403 continuous ice cube cooling, transcutaneous, 271–278 healthcare system, 403 cooling procedures, 270 intellectual property, protection, 403 fluid cooling cuvette, transcutaneous, 271 public needs, 403 high power densities, 270 US healthcare, 402 thermal conductivity, 269 success and happiness rules, 404 transcutaneous direct application, 270 Copper steam laser, 44 C Corneoscleral protective lenses, 300, 302, 303 Café au lait patch Costs, 223 LP pigment laser, 154 Crow’s feet, 70 YAG laser, 153 Cryogen spray, 346, 348 CAM. See Complementary and alternative medicine Cryotherapy, 48, 51, 52, 56

Carbon dioxide (CO2), 53, 300–302, 307–315 Curriculum, 378, 380 laser, 43–57, 289–292, 295, 300 Cysts, 54–57 “Cavernous hemangioma”, 250–251 Cavitation, 33–35 D CCDS. See Color-coded duplex sonography DCDs. See Dynamic cooling device Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), 400 Definition of beauty, 354, 355 Centering of the fiber, 221–222 Dentistry, 378 Cherry , 66 Dermabrasion, 43, 48, 158, 161, 163 Chromophores present in skin Dermatology, 377, 378 hemoglobin, 229, 236 Desquamation, 71, 73 , 229, 236 Dies academicus, 378–380 met-Hemoglobin, 229 Diffuse redness, 61, 66–68, 77 oxyhemoglobin, 229 Diploma of Aesthetic Laser Medicine (DALM), 377–380 , 189, 206 Documentation, 333–335, 343 Clearance rate, 347, 348 Dual mode filtering, 65, 78 Coagulation, 307–313, 316, 317 Duplex US mapping, 214 Cold air, 345–348 Dye laser, 43–47, 52–56, 347, 348 Color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) 510-nm pigmented lesion, 189, 194, 197 correlation, 248 Dynamic cooling device (DCDs), 345 encapsulation, eyeball, 263 , 63, 189–208 hypercapillarizations, 248 drug-induced, 189, 204–206 hypervascularization, 250 hyposonic swelling, skin, 268 E unaffected vessels, 262 Ecchymosis rate, 218–220 Comedones, 73 Eccrine hidrocystoma, 54–55 Commodification of medicine, 353 Ecstatic vessels, 64, 78, 79 Common viral warts, 286 Edema, 65, 66, 69–71, 76, 77 Index 413

Educational standards, 377, 381 G Electrocautery, 45, 48, 51 Gaussian beam, 11–13 Electromagnetic radiation, 5, 6, 8 Genital warts Electronic transition, 23–25 description, 286 Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), 211–213, diagnosis, 286 216–220, 223, 224 treatment, 286–287 Epidermal nevi, 44, 45, 47 Grafting, 308-nm excimer light, 157, Epithelioma adenoides cysticum of Brooke, 45–46 159–163 Erbium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Er:YAG), 51, 300–303 Grannuloma anulare, 325 laser, 43–48, 50, 52–57, 289–295, 300, 307–309, 311–315 Great saphenous vein (GSV), 211, 212, Errors in treatment, 348 214–220, 224 Erythema, 62, 65–71, 75–79 Greifswald University, 377–381 Erythroplasia of Queyrat/Bowen’s disease, 168–169 Gynecology, 378 Ethics, 355 EU Cosmetics Directive, 207, 208 H Eumelanin, 62, 78 Hair Evidence-based medical judgment, 377 follicle, 78 Exam, 378–380 reduction, 125–144 Excochleation, 50 removal, 61–62, 77–79 Eye protection, 39 “The Hall of Shame”, 407–409 Halogenized hydrocarbons, 345, 346 F Halo nevus, 161 Facial telangiectasia, 347 Hamartomas, 43–44, 47 Facial telangiectasia treatment with Handpiece spotsize selection, 228, 238 intense pulse light (IPL), 232–234 Hemangioendotheliomas (HEs) multiplexing 595-nm and 1064-nm, 230, 231, 233, 234 description, 251 pulse dye laser (PDL), 230–231, 233 KHE, 254 FDA. See Food and Drug Administration NICH, 252–253 Fibrous of the nose, 46 RICH, 252 Flash lamp, 37 “tufted angioma”, 253 Flashlamp pumped pulsed dye laser (FPDL) Hemangiomas, 348 described, 287 chemical procedures, therapies side effects, 287 imiqiumod, 265 treatment interstitial corticoid crystals, 265 common viral warts, 286 interstitial magnesium seeds, 265 Molluscum contagiosum, 285 sclerotherapy, 265 Fluence profile in skin tissue complications, 258 scattering effects, 228, 232 congenital HE wavelength effects, 227 description, 251 Fluorescence, 71, 72 KHE, 254 Fluorescence controlled photodynamic photorejuvenation, NICH, 252–253 72–75, 77 RICH, 252 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) “tufted angioma”, 253 aspirin, 399–400 congenital vascular tumors CDRH, 400 classification, 245–246 device safety, 400 precursor lesions, 247 economists, 400–401 growth pattern, 258 fundamental idea, finance, 401 infantile (see Infantile hemangiomas) manufacturing processes, 402 initial phase, 248 medical devices, certification, 402 laser therapy sulfa drug, US, 399 cw-Nd:YAG, 269–278 FPDL. See Flashlamp pumped pulsed dye laser FLPD, 266–267 Fractional ablation, 307–317 Nd:YAG, 267–269 Fractional photothermolysis (FP), 307–310, 320, pulsed Nd:YAG, 269 321, 324, 326 superselective systems, 266 Fractional skin resurfacing, 301 localization Freckles and lentigines eyelid, 257 dark skin patients, 148–149 perioral, 257 IPL, 148 maturation phase long pulsed (LP) pigment lasers, 149 differential diagnosis, 251 QS lasers, 147 gray regression areas, 250 414 Index

mechanical procedures, therapies darker skin patients, 178 compression, 264 nonablative fractional photothermolysis, 179 embolization, 264 PDLs, 178 ligation, 264 prevalence, 177–178 number , 157–163, 189, 195, 196, 200–202, 205 BNH, 255 DNH, 255, 257 I organs Identity of medicine, 351, 355, 356 evaluation, vascular tumors, 256 Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis, 161 parenchymal, 255 Impression technique, 274 physical procedures, therapies Incompetence, 211, 212, 214, 215, 217, 219 cryotherapy, 262 Indications, 333, 335–337, 340, 342 laser, 262–264 Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) scarification techniques, 262 CCDS, 248 X-ray, 263 classification, 248 proliferation phase initial phase congenital, 248, 250 intracutaneous, 248, 249 hereditary glomangioma, 248 symptoms, 248 hypercapillarizations, 248 venous malformation, 248 hyposonic tissue, 249 rapid progression, 247 spontaneous ulceration, 250 therapy principles volume and pale redness, 249 induction, regression, 260 PWS, 247 laser treatment, 262 regression phase spontaneous course, 258, 260 differential diagnostic algorithm, 252 Inflammatory dermatoses, acne. See Acne fibrolipomatous transformation, 251 Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN), 45 hypopigmentation, 251 Infrared (IR) VMs, 251 laser, 301, 302 removal resurfacing, 289, 293–295 complications, 266 technologies, 303 residuals, 266 Initial squamous cell carcinoma, 365 “strawberry hemangioma”, 245 Ink systemic procedures, therapies darkening, 198, 200, 203 antiangiogenesis, 265 residual, 202, 208 antiproliferative drugs, 265 tattoo, 190, 196, 198, 201, 202, 206–208 Hemoglobin (Hb), 64, 67, 69, 75, 78, 79 Intense pulsed light (IPL), 125–131, 133–136, 138, 140–144, Hemorrhagic telangiectasia, 282 289, 294–295, 301, 304 Henyey-Greenstein, 26–27 and heat, 86 HEs. See Hemangioendotheliomas mild–moderate acne, 85–86 Hidradenoma, 51 PWS treatment, 243 Hidrocystomas, 54–56 safety, 384 Hirsutism, 77 treatment, 333–343 History of lasers, 3–5 Interstitial puncture technique, 274, 276–277 Hori’s macules. See Acquired bilateral nevus of ota-like IPL. See Intense pulsed light macules Hospitationes, 378, 379 J HPV-induced skin diseases Jacket-tip laser fiber, 221, 222 genital warts

CO2 laser vaporization, 368 K electrodessication/vaporization, 368 Kaposi-like congenital hemangioendothelioma (KHE), PpIX, 368 254–255 vulgar warts Koenen tumors, 46, 47 ALA-PDT, 367 irradiation, 367 L keratolysis, 367 Laser, 125–144, 165–172, 319–328 , 189, 195, 196, 200, 202, 204–206 alexandrite, 15, 17 drug-induced, 189, 204, 206 argon, 5, 9, 19

Hypertrichosis, 77 CO2, 17–18 Hypertrophic scars design, 8–9, 11 characteristics, 178 diode, 20–22 laser treatment dye, 19–20 Index 415

Er:YAG, 15 1,320-nm Nd:YAG laser, 88 excimer, 5, 19, 20 sebum, 87 He-Ne, 19 Light-emitting diode (LED) technology, 289, 295 Ho:YAG, 15–16 Linear endovenous energy density (LEED), 211, 214, 216–218, KTP, 14–16 220–221, 223 medical, 14–22 Liposome, 69, 71–72, 75, 77 modes, 10–14, 18 Liposuction surgery, 113–115, 120, 122 Nd:YAG, 5, 9, 14, 15 Liquid nitrogen, 345–347 principle, 5, 8–9 Long-pulsed Nd:YAG, 43 ruby, 5, 9, 17, 19 Lymphangioma circumscriptum, 281–282 surgery, 333–343

Ti:Al2O3, 17 M Tm:YAG, 16 Maiman, T.H., 4, 5, 9, 17 Laser therapy, hemangiomas Malignant melanoma, 170 continuous wave (cw-Nd:YAG) Malignant tumors, 165–172 application modes, 270 Mantleoma, 43–44 continuous ice cube cooling, transcutaneous, 271–278 Manual compression, 211, 213–215, 219 cooling procedures, 270 Master of Science degree course in Health and Aesthetics, 377 fluid cooling cuvette, transcutaneous, 271 Master of Science in Health and Aesthetics, 377, 379–381 high power densities, 270 Mastocytosis, 46–47 thermal conductivity, 269 Maxillofacial surgery, 378 transcutaneous direct application, 270 Melanin, 61–64, 69, 77–79 FLPDL Melasma development stages, 267, 268 description, 151 diffuse telangiectases, 266 and dyschromia, 324 pulse length and, 268 pigment lasers/IPL side effects, 267 bleaching agents, 152 Nd:YAG, frequency doubled intense pulse light source device, 152 advantage, 268 toning, 152–153 potassiumtitanyl-phosphate crystal, 267–268 resurfacing lasers vascular ectasias and tuberous infiltrations, 269 fractional, 152 principle, 266 YAG lasers, 151–152 pulsed Nd:YAG, 269 treatment, 151 superselective laser systems, 266 vascular laser, 153 LED technology. See Light-emitting diode technology MEND, 322, 324, 328 LEED. See Linear endovenous energy density Microfractional skin rejuvenation, 321 Leg telangiectasias, 64, 66, 67 Microscopic, 320–322, 325, 328 Leg vein treatment, 234–236 epidermal necrotic debris, 322, 328 alexandrite laser 755-nm, 235 treatment zones (MTZ), 320–322, 324–327 diode laser 800-nm, 235 Microthermal zones (MTZs), 307, 308, 310, 312, 314 multiplexing 595-nm and 1064-nm, 233 Mid-infrared lasers, 322, 323, 325, 327 Nd:YAG laser 1064-nm, 228, 233 Minocycline pigmentation, 325 pulse dye laser 595-nm, 228 Molluscum contagiosum Leishmaniasis, 371 cause and symptoms, 285 maligna, 170 treatment

Lichen sclerosus, 369–370 CO2 laser and FPDL, 285 Light-based therapies varieties, 285 Propionibacterium acnes trunk, 285, 286 blue and red light, 85 Monopolar RF, 302, 303 blue light, 84–85 Morbus Recklinghausen, 48 intense pulsed light, 85–86 Morphea, 369–370 intense pulsed light and heat, 86 Motorized pullback, 220 532-nm KTP laser, 86–87 Mottled pigmentation, 69, 79 PDL, 87 Mucoid dorsal cyst, 55 photopneumatic therapy, 86 Mucoid finger cyst, 56 porphyrins, 84 Mucosal fibroma, 50 red light, 85 sebaceous follicle colonization, 84 N sebaceous gland Nd:YAG laser 1,450-nm diode laser, 87–88 (532 nm), quality-switched, 191, 193, 196, 197, 202 1,540-nm erbium:glass laser, 88 (1,064 nm), quality-switched, 193, 197–199, 201, 203–206 416 Index

therapy Periungual fibromas, 46 , fordyce, 281 Phacoma-toses, 43 hemorrhagic telangiectasia, 282 Pheomelanin, 78 , 281 Photoacustic, 62 venous malformations, 282 Photodamage, 307, 310, 312–314, 316, 317 Neck skin tightening, 314 Photodamaged skin, 62, 70 Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd:YAG) Photodynamic photorejuvenation, 62, 69–75, 77 lasers, 43, 47, 50, 54 Photodynamic therapy (PDT), 29–30, 34, 165–172, 301 Neovascularization prevention, 232 action mechanism, 361 imiquimod, 232 adverse events, 90 rapamune, 232 clinical effects Neurofibromas, 48 acne, 89 , 157, 158, 161 response, 90 Nevus of Ota, 325 traditional therapies, 90 before and after treatment, 149 dermatology, 358 fractional resurfacing, 150 hematoporphyrin, 357–358 pigmentation, 149 light sources, 89 QS ruby, 150 incoherent, 359 Nevus sebaceous, 47 irradiation, 360 Nevus unius lateralis, 44–45 LED-system, 359–360 532 nm, 99, 108 Soret-band, 359 1,450-nm diode laser, 87–88 tissue destruction, 361 1,540-nm Erbium:glass laser, 88 nononcologic indications, therapeutics 308-nm excimer laser, 157, 159–162 acne vulgaris, 368–369 632.8-nm helium-neon laser combined treatment, 162 cellular and subcellular level functions, 366 532-nm laser cellular destruction, 366 and acne, 86 cosmetic, 370–371 Michaelsson acne severity score, 87 HPV-induced skin diseases, 367–368 1,320-nm Nd:YAG laser, 88 inflammatory skin conditions, 366 Noble laureates, 3–4 leishmaniasis, 371 Nonablative, 319–328 morphea and lichen sclerosus, 369–370 fractional photothermolysis, 320, 324 psoriasis vulgaris, 366–367 resurfacing, 289, 293–295 oncologic indications, therapeutics wrinkle reduction, 62, 69 AK, 362–364 Noninvoluting congenital hemangioendothelioma (NICH), basal cell carcinoma, 364–365 252–253 Bowen’s disease and initial squamous cell carcinoma, Normal mode ruby laser (NMRL), 151, 154 365 “photodynamic reaction”, 357 O photosensitizers Occlusion rate, 217 ALA and m-ALA, 88–89 Ophthalmology, 378 curettage, 358–359 Optical coefficients, 213 fluorescence, 358 Optical constants, 27 hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPDs), 358 Optical depilation, 77 lesion specificity, 89 Optical fiber, 215 meso-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (mTHPC), 359 Optical filter unit, 37 singlet oxygen production, 88 Optomechanical breakdown, 62 topical Oral leukoplakia, 170–171 cancerization field, 361–362 Organoid nevi, 43–57 hyperkeratosis, 361 Otorhino-laryngology, 378 pustules, 362

Oxy-hemoglonin (HbO2), 64, 67 side effects, 361 Photon characteristics, 3, 5–8, 14–16, 19–21 P Photopneumatic therapy Paget’s disease, 171 mild-moderate facial acne, 86 Pain, 216, 218–221, 223 negative pressure, 86 Papillomatous dermal nevi, 48 Photorejuvenation, 61–75, 77, 319, 322, 323, 325 Papillomatous dermal nevus, 47–48 Type I, 62–69, 71, 77 Parapsoriasis/Mycosis fungoides (MF), 171–172 Type II, 62, 69 PDLs. See Pulsed dye lasers Type III, 62, 65, 70, 79 PDL vs. Nd:YAG spot size effects, 228, 230, 233 Type IV, 62, 69–73 PDT. See Photodynamic therapy Photosensitizing, 70, 71 Pearly penile , 325 , 157, 158, 162, 163 Index 417

Pigmented disorders, 62–64 R Pigments Radial emission, 222–223 inorganic, 206, 207 Radiation, definitions, 7–8 organic, 201, 206, 208 Radiofrequency energy (RF), 302–304 polycyclic, 201, 206–208 Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioendothelioma residual, 189, 193, 194 (RICH), 252 Planck’s law, 8 Rare vascular lesions Plasma skin regeneration, 289, 292–293, 295, 301, 302 pyogenic granuloma, 281 Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 378 treatment of civatte, 62, 63, 324–325 angioblastoma and spontaneous regression, 281 treatment with angiokeratomas, fordyce, 281 intense pulse light, 227–228 hemorrhagic telangiectasia, 282 pulse dye laser 585-595-nm, 228–229 hereditary multiple glomus tumors, 281 Polarisation, 6, 12, 13, 21 lymphangioma circumscriptum and angioma Polychromatic light, 37 serpiginosum, 281–282 Port-wine stains (PWS), 67, 347 Nd:YAG laser therapy, 281, 282 flash lamp pulsed dye laser treatment pulsed dye lasers, 281, 282 face, 241 venous malformations, 282 pink and red lesions, 242 Reaction site and nevus size, 242 ablation, 30 infrared lasers mechanisms, 28 millisecond modes, 242 photodisruption, 29, 33–35 3-ms alexandrite laser, 242–243 thermal, 30–32 Nd:YAG laser, 243 Reflux, 212, 214, 215, 219, 220 KTP laser, 242 Regulation, tattoo colourant agents, 207–208 noncoherent light sources, 243 Relaxation time, 30, 32, 33 Postgraduate study, 381 Remodeling, 319, 320, 322–324, 328 program, 377 Resonators, 8, 10–14, 19, 21 Postinflammatory erythema, 324 Resurfacing laser PpIX. See Protoporphyrin IX fractional, 152 Precancerous conditions, 165–172 YAG lasers, 151–152 Precancerous lesions, 165, 166, 172 RF. See Radiofrequency energy Principle of selective photo-thermolysis, 38 Rhinophyma, 48–50 Propionibacteria, 73, 74 Rhytides, 324 Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), 70, 71, 74 Rosacea, 67, 68, 75, 77 Pseudocysts, 56 Ruby laser, 45, 47, 51 Psoriasis vulgaris, 366–367 quality-switched, 189, 190, 195–200, 203–206

Pulsed CO2, 43–57 Pulsed dye lasers (PDLs), 43–47, 52–56 S hypertrophic scars, 178 Safety/eye protection inflammatory lesions, 87 attenuation, radiation, 390 Leeds acne score, 87 CDRH, 391 rare vascular lesions, treatment, 281–282 classification, lasers, 386 Pulsed light, 302 electromagnetic radiation, 383 Pulse shape, 38 equipment and laser safety officer Purpura, 66–68, 77 EN 60825-1, 389 Purpura threshold, PDL organizations, 390 long pulse PDL performance, 233 goggles, 388–389 multiple pulse effects, 231 lasers and intense pulsed light sources PWS. See Port-wine stains difference, 384 Pyogenic granuloma, 281 energy and intensity, radiation, 385 exposure time, radiation, 385 Q optical power and monochromatic nature, 383 Q-switch, 13–14, 18 parameters, 384–386 Q-switched (QS) lasers, 157, 158, 161–163 radiant exposure, radiation, 385–386 disadvantage, 147 LSO, 391–392 IPL, 148 maximal values and radiant exposure pulse duration, 390 ruby, 150 optical densities (ODs), 388–389 Hori’s macules, 150 photons absorption, 383 melanocytic nevi, 151 radiation-induced damages, humans Q-switched ruby, 47, 50–51 absorption, chromophores, 386 Quality standards, 377–381 eyes, 387 418 Index

water, absorption, 387 Studium generale, 379, 380 wavelength dependency, 388 Subsurfacing, 319–320, 328 recommendations, medical practice, 392 Sun protection, 43 scale numbers, goggles, 391 Syringomas, 45, 51–52 scattered radiation, 387–388 Systemic isotretinoin, 83 spectral ranges, electromagnetic radiation, 384 warning signs, 392 T Safety hazard, 38–39 Tattoo Salivary gland, 56–57 amateur, 189, 190, 192, 195–199 Saphenofemoral junction (SFJ), 212, 214, 215, 217, 218 black, 190, 195–197, 206 Scarring, 189, 190, 200–204 cosmetic, 196, 198, 207 Scars, 319–328 decorative, 189–202 atrophic, treatment legal regulations, 207–208 ablative, 180–181 multi-coloured, 189, 196, 197, 208 description, 179 pigments, 192, 194, 196, 206–208 fractional laser, 181 single-coloured, 196 laser, 179 traumatic, 189, 202–204 nonablative, 180 whitening, 192, 197, 198, 206 hypertrophic and keloid Tattoo inks, 190, 201, 202, 206–208 characteristics, 178 temporary, 189, 190, 192 laser treatment, 178–179 Telangiectasias, 61, 62, 64–70 prevalence, 177–178 Telangiectatic matting, 324 posttreatment care Textural change, 195, 196, 202 ablative, 185 Thermal damage time (TDT), 66, 78 nonablative fractional resurfacing, 185 Thermal protection, 345, 348 PDL/Nd:YAG, 185 Thermal relaxation time (TRT), 61, 62, 65, 66, 78 sun protection, 184 Tissue ablation, 32–33 preoperative patient evaluation Tissue coagulation, 309, 312, 317 medical history, 184 Tissue damage, 30, 31 patient expectations, 184 TLA. See Tumescent local anesthesia prior treatment, 183–184 Tongue papillomas, 54, 55 skin phototype and ethnicity, 184 Training, 334, 377–380 timing, 183 Traumatic mucous cyst (Traumatic mucous retention cyst, striae distensae/stretch marks mucocele), 56–57 laser treatment, 182–183 Traumatic mucous retention cyst, 56–57 stages, 181 Treatment, 165–172 Scattering, 24, 26–28 zones, 319, 320, 326, 328 mitigation, 232 Trendelenburg positioning, 211, 213–216, 218, 219 Sebaceous hyperplasia, 52–53 TRT. See Thermal relaxation time Seborrheic keratoses, 50–51 “Tufted angioma”, 253 Selective photothermolysis, 61, 62, 65, 66, 78 Tulip-shaped catheter, 221–222 Senile hemangioma, 237 Tumescent anesthesia, 213–216, 224 SFJ. See Saphenofemoral junction Tumescent local anesthesia (TLA), 114, 117 Skin, 319–326, 328 Tumescent solution, 211, 214, 215, 219, 220 fluorescence, 71, 72 laxity, wrinkles, 314–315, 317 U resurfacing, 319, 325, 347, 348 Urticaria pigmentosa adultorum, 46, 47 roughness, 70 texture, 66, 67, 69, 71–72 V tightening, 309, 310, 313, 314 Vacuum suction, 304 Small saphenous vein (SSV), 212, 214, 215, 218–220, 224 Varicose veins, 211–224 Spider hemangioma, 236–237 Vascular injury Steatocystoma multiplex, 55–56 dual wavelength effects, multiplex, 230 Stimulated emission, 3, 5–8, 21 multiple pulsing effects, 229, 231 Strategies, 333 Vascular laser, 153 Stretch marks. See Striae distensae Vascular lesions, PWS. See Port-wine stains Striae distensae , 237–238 laser treatment Vibration transition, 23, 24 ablative fractional CO2, 183 Viral infections fractional photothermolysis, 182–183 common viral warts, 286 PDLs, 182 genital warts, 286–287 stages, 181 laser treatment Index 419

CO2, 287 Withdrawal of the fiber, 220 FPDL, 287 Wrinkle reduction, 61, 62, 69–74 photothermic/photomechanic destruction principle, 287 Molluscum contagiosum, 285–286 X Visible light lasers, 289, 294, 295 Xanthelasmas, 52–54 , 157–163 Xenon-chloride (XeCl) gas, 105 W Wavelength, 211–213, 216, 223 Y device selection, 233, 237–238 Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet (YSGG) laser, 289, 290, penetration depth, 227, 232 292, 295, 300–302, 308