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PHYSICS News SCHOOL OF PHYSICS PHYSICS News WINTER 2012 TiNY CRYSTAL 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF REVOLUTIONISES The PROFESSOR COMPUTING HARRY MeSSel EXCERPT FROM A NEWS STORY BY KATYNNA GILL INTERNATIONAL SCieNCE SCHOOL (ISS) A tiny crystal that enables a computer to to the power of 80. That is 1 followed by The School of perform calculations that currently stump 80 zeros, in other words 80 orders of Physics and the the world’s most powerful supercomputers magnitude, a truly mind-boggling scale.” University of Sydney has been developed by an international The work smashes previous records in Physics Foundation team including the School of Physics’ Dr terms of the number of elements working are delighted to Michael Biercuk. together in a quantum simulator, and announce that The ion-crystal used is poised to create therefore the complexity of the problems 2012 is the 50th one of the most powerful computers ever that can be addressed. Anniversary of the developed, with the results published in the Professor Harry The team Dr Biercuk worked with, journal Nature on 26 April 2012. Messel International including scientists from the US National Science School “Computing technology has taken a huge Institute of Standards and Technology, (ISS). leap forward using a crystal with just Georgetown University in Washington, 300 atoms suspended in space,” said Dr North Carolina State University and A reception Biercuk, from the University’s School of the Council for Scientific and Industrial celebrating this Physics and ARC Centre of Excellence for Research in South Africa, has produced anniversary will be Engineered Quantum Systems. a specialised kind of quantum computer held in the University of Sydney’s Great Hall on Tuesday, 27th November. “The system we have developed has the known as a ‘quantum simulator’. potential to perform calculations that The research team’s revolutionary The reception will provide an opportunity would require a supercomputer larger crystal exceeds all previous experimental for ISS alumni, University representatives, than the size of the known universe - and attempts in providing ‘programmability’ supporters, friends and benefactors to come it does it all in a diameter of less than a and the critical threshold of qubits (a unit together to celebrate 50 years of the ISS – a millimetre,” said Dr Biercuk. measuring quantum information) needed truly remarkable milestone. “The projected performance of this new for the simulator to exceed the capability Invitations for this event will be sent out experimental quantum simulator eclipses of most supercomputers. later in the year and for any queries related the current maximum capacity of any CONTINUES ON PAGE 2 to this event please contact Alex Green at: known computer by an astonishing 10 [email protected] continued from coVer... HEADLINE TiNY CRYSTAL ReVOLUTIONISES PROFESSOR CLIVE BALDOCK COMPUTING “Many properties of natural materials Welcome to the Winter governed by the laws of quantum mechanics 2012 edition of Physics are very difficult to model using conventional News, previously known as computers. The key concept in quantum Alumni News. simulation is building a quantum system to I write this as my time in provide insights into the behaviour of other the School of Physics and naturally occurring physical systems.” the University of Sydney is coming to an end. In August “By engineering precisely controlled 2012 I will be joining Macquarie University as Executive interactions and then studying the output Dean of Science. As I think about my future role I of the system, we are effectively running a reflect on my 9 years in the School and the past 2.5 ‘program’ for the simulation,” said Dr Biercuk. years as Head during which time much has happened. “In our case, we are studying the interactions Many in the University see the School as “the crown of spins in the field of quantum magnetism - jewel of the university” and long may that continue. a key problem that underlies new discoveries Over the years the School has continued to experience in materials science for energy, biology, and Quantum computing revolution: The significant growth in staff and students. Whether it new quantum crystal is made of a medicine,” said Dr Biercuk. two dimensional layer of beryllium is the establishment of new facilities or the recent ions hovering in space within a introduction of new Centres of Excellence and “For instance, we hope to study the spin Penning trap. significant advanced planning undertaken towards interactions predicted by models for high- the new Physics building, the Australian Institute of temperature superconductivity - a physical phenomenon that has yet to be Nanoscience, the best years for the School are perhaps explained, but has the potential to revolutionise power distribution and high- yet to come. I certainly look forward to hearing about speed transport.” the many future successes that will inevitably come to The experimental device provides exceptional new capabilities which allow the School. the researchers to engineer interactions which mimic those found in natural I hope you enjoy this issue of Physics News. materials. Clive Baldock Remarkably they can even realise interactions that are not known to be found Head, School of Physics in nature, engineering totally new forms of quantum matter. FAREWell TO CliVE PhYSICS AND ISS FROM The SCHOOL OF PhYSICS AlUMNI – leT US KNOW WHAT YOU BY MARTIJN DE STERKE, DEPUTY HEAD OF SCHOOL THINK The Head of School Clive Baldock recently some things which came to fruition on There have been many changes in the School announced that he has taken up the his watch, include funding for five ARC- of Physics over the past six months and position of Executive Dean of Science funded Centres of Excellence, two of one of those changes is looking at how the at Macquarie University and is leaving which are headquartered in the School, School can best serve its alumni. We would the School in late June. Clive joined the funding of a chaired professorship in like to know what you think and what kind of School in 2003 to work in the area of nanoscience, and funding for a new communication (ie. Emails, newletters, etc), medical physics. He set out energetically, building, the Australian Institute of content and frequency of communication you establishing and directing the Institute Nanoscience. Subsequently he put in place expect and want from us. for Medical Physics and forging strong the oversight for the planning, design links with local hospitals and with NSW and construction of the new building. As this is the case, the School of Physics Health. An outcome of this activity was The concrete first step, the decanting of invites you to participate in an online the founding of the Medical Physics staff from the Physics Annex building is survey which will hopefully provide us program, a very successful higher degree proceeding, in anticipation of its demolition with suggestions on how to improve our course-work program, which consistently in coming months. He formalized decision alumni relations to best suit your needs. attracts close to 20 students per year. making processes in the School, changed The survey is available at the following url: In 2006 he was appointed to a Chair in the School’s administrative structure, and www.surveymonkey.com/s/FGBV8RN and Medical Physics with NSW Health funding. he represented the School superbly to will close on 16th September 2012. He started as Head of the School of external parties both within and outside Alternatively, you can also provide Physics 2010. His activities in this position the University. We wish him all the best in feedback directly to Alex Green at: are too numerous to describe here, but his new position. [email protected] 2 PHYSICS NEWS WINTER 2012 The SKA site decision gives our SQUARE KilOMETRE landmark facilities a secure future and additional funding, meaning ARRAY ANNOUNCEMENT: that CAASTRO can expect many IMPliCATIONS FOR The exciting discoveries and many new opportunities as the SKA SCHOOL OF PhYSICS platform begins to take shape. There is substantial CAASTRO The decision to share the world’s largest radio telescope (the leadership in the signature Square Kilometre Array) between two sites, Africa and Australia/ science programs planned for New Zealand, has significant and exciting implications for the SKA phase 1 and beyond. School of Physics due largely to our leadership of the Australian According to Professor Bryan Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics Gaensler, Director of CAASTRO, (CAASTRO). Australia’s pivotal role in the SKA The site decision on the SKA endorses and affirms Australian ‘will attract brilliant young researchers from around the world to leadership on key components of the facility that will give the help solve the daunting technological challenges ahead of us.’ SKA its unique, spectacular, wide field of view. The main goal of Further information about CAASTRO is available through: http:// CAASTRO is to be the world-leader in wide-field astronomy. The caastro.org/about-caastro/vision-and-mission. Centre aims to realise this vision through high-impact discoveries using SKA pathfinder telescopes, thus positioning the School of Professor Bryan Gaensler’s following opinion piece appeared in Physics to lead the science programmes planned for the SKA. COSMOS Online and is an edited version of an article originally from the Australian Science Media Centre. that can tune into radio waves ranging from their Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) SPliTTING 70 MHz up to more than 10,000 MHz. It’s in Western Australia. These will be further impossible for any single technology to developed and expanded in Australia and The SKA: cover this vast range, so the plan has always NZ, and then possibly later installed on been to build two or even three different dishes in Africa.
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