Nutritional Composition of Detarium Microcarpum Fruit
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Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Studies of Afzelia Africana and Detarium Microcarpum Seeds
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ZENODO ISSN: 2410-9649 FridayChemistry et al / InternationalChemistry International 4(3) (2018 4(3)) 170 (2018)-176 1 70-176 iscientic.org. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial studies of afzelia africana and detarium microcarpum seeds Chisom Friday*, Ugochukwu Akwada and Okenwa U. Igwe Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B. 7267 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria *Corresponding author’s E. mail: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article type: The aim of this study was to probe the phytochemical constituents and the Research article antimicrobial activities of Afzelia africana and Detarium microcarpum seed Article history: endosperms. The results obtained from the phytochemical screening indicated Received March 2017 that tannins, flavonoids, fatty acids, phenol, steroids, saponins and alkaloids were Accepted May 2017 present. The seed extracts were tested against eight pathogenic organisms July 2018 Issue comprising of two Gram positive and two Gram negative bacteria; two fungi and Keywords: two viruses using Agar and Disc diffusion methods. The plant extracts exhibited Afzelia Africana antimicrobial activities against all the tested organisms. This investigation Detarium microcarpum therefore, suggests the incorporation of Afzelia africana and Detarium Antimicrobial activities microcarpum seeds into human diets as they are rich in medicinal agents that Phytochemical screening could trigger great physiological effects. It also authenticates their use as soup Pathogenic organisms thickeners in eastern Nigeria and in the production of snacks. © 2018 International Scientific Organization: All rights reserved. Capsule Summary: The phytochemical constituents of Afzelia Africana and Detarium microcarpum seed endosperms were investigated and tannins, flavonoids, fatty acids, phenols, steroids, saponins and alkaloids were present. -
Exploring the Tempo of Species Diversification in Legumes
South African Journal of Botany 89 (2013) 19–30 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect South African Journal of Botany journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb Exploring the tempo of species diversification in legumes E.J.M. Koenen a,1, J.M. de Vos a,1,2, G.W. Atchison a, M.F. Simon b, B.D. Schrire c, E.R. de Souza d, L.P. de Queiroz d, C.E. Hughes a,⁎ a Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland b Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, PqEB, Caixa Postal 02372 Brasilia-DF, Brasil c Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK d Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Dept. de Ciências Biológicas, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil article info abstract Available online 12 August 2013 Whatever criteria are used to measure evolutionary success – species numbers, geographic range, ecological abundance, ecological and life history diversity, background diversification rates, or the presence of rapidly Edited by JS Boatwright evolving clades – the legume family is one of the most successful lineages of flowering plants. Despite this, we still know rather little about the dynamics of lineage and species diversification across the family through the Keywords: Cenozoic, or about the underlying drivers of diversification. There have been few attempts to estimate net Species diversification species diversification rates or underlying speciation and extinction rates for legume clades, to test whether Leguminosae among-lineage variation in diversification rates deviates from null expectations, or to locate species diversifica- Calliandra fi Indigofereae tion rate shifts on speci c branches of the legume phylogenetic tree. -
Antidiabetic Activity of the Root Extract of Detarium Microcarpum (Fabacaee) Guill and Perr
Phytopharmacology 2012, 3(1) 12-18 Antidiabetic activity of the root extract of Detarium microcarpum (Fabacaee) Guill and Perr. 1 2,* 3 Christian Ejike Okolo , Peter Achunike Akah , Samuel Uchnna Uzodinma 1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicine. University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria. 2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria. 3 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Nnamdi Azikwe University of Awka,. Nigeria. *Corresponding Author: [email protected] Received: 10 March 2012, Revised: 26 March 2012, Accepted: 26 March 2012 Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine disorder that impairs glucose homeostasis resulting in severe diabetic complications including retinopathy, angiopathy, nephr- opathy, and neuropathy thus causing neurological disorder. In this study, antidiabe- tic activity of root extract of Detarium microcapum was investigated in rat model of diabetes. A methanol root extract was prepared by soxhlet extraction and was separated into fraction using chloroform, n-hexane and methanol to yield chlorof- orm fraction (CF), n-hexane fraction (HF) and methanol fraction (MF). The extract and its fractions were screened for phytochemicals using standard methods. The acute toxicity (LD ) of the extract was determined in mice. Diabetes was induced 50 by a single ip injection of 120 mg/kg of alloxan monohydrate and glucose level was analyzed as indices of diabetes. The acute toxicity test showed that the root bark extract was safe at doses of up to 5 g/kg. The phytochemical screening of the plant revealed the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and terpenoids in large amount while saponins, resins, glycosides and flavonoids were present in moderate amount. The results indicated that intraperitoneal injection of ME, MF, CF and HF reversed the effect of alloxan in rats by different degrees. -
Volume 18 • 2015 IMPRINT Volume: 18 • 2015
Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica ISSN 1868-3606 edited by éditées par herausgegeben von Rüdiger Wittig1 Sita Guinko2 Brice Sinsin3 Adjima Thiombiano2 1Frankfurt 2Ouagadougou 3Cotonou Volume 18 • 2015 IMPRINT Volume: 18 • 2015 Publisher: Institute of Ecology, Evolution & Diversity Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica (former Chair of Ecology and Geobotany "Etudes sur la flore et la végétation du Burkina Max-von-Laue-Str. 13 Faso et des pays avoisinants") is a refereed, inter- D - 60438 Frankfurt am Main national journal aimed at presenting high quali- ty papers dealing with all fields of geobotany and Copyright: Institute of Ecology, Evolution & Diversity ethnobotany of the Sudano-Sambesian zone and Chair of Ecology and Geobotany adjacent regions. The journal welcomes fundamen- Max-von-Laue-Str. 13 tal and applied research articles as well as review D - 60438 Frankfurt am Main papers and short communications. English is the preferred language but papers writ- Online-Version: http://publikationen.ub.uni- ten in French will also be accepted. The papers frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/ should be written in a style that is understandable index/docId/39055 for specialists of other disciplines as well as in- urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-390559 terested politicians and higher level practitioners. ISSN: 1868-3606 Acceptance for publication is subjected to a refe- ree-process. In contrast to its predecessor (the "Etudes …") that was a series occurring occasionally, Flora et Vege- tatio Sudano-Sambesica is a journal, being publis- hed regularly with one volume per year. Editor-in-Chief: Editorial-Board Prof. Dr. Rüdiger Wittig Prof. Dr. Reinhard Böcker Institute of Ecology, Evolution & Diversity Institut 320, Universität Hohenheim Department of Ecology and Geobotany 70593 Stuttgart / Germany Max-von-Laue-Str. -
Combined Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Interfamilial Relationships and Patterns of floral Evolution in the Eudicot Order Fabales
Cladistics Cladistics 1 (2012) 1–29 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00392.x Combined phylogenetic analyses reveal interfamilial relationships and patterns of floral evolution in the eudicot order Fabales M. Ange´ lica Belloa,b,c,*, Paula J. Rudallb and Julie A. Hawkinsa aSchool of Biological Sciences, Lyle Tower, the University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6BX, UK; bJodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK; cReal Jardı´n Bota´nico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, CP 28014 Madrid, Spain Accepted 5 January 2012 Abstract Relationships between the four families placed in the angiosperm order Fabales (Leguminosae, Polygalaceae, Quillajaceae, Surianaceae) were hitherto poorly resolved. We combine published molecular data for the chloroplast regions matK and rbcL with 66 morphological characters surveyed for 73 ingroup and two outgroup species, and use Parsimony and Bayesian approaches to explore matrices with different missing data. All combined analyses using Parsimony recovered the topology Polygalaceae (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). Bayesian analyses with matched morphological and molecular sampling recover the same topology, but analyses based on other data recover a different Bayesian topology: ((Polygalaceae + Leguminosae) (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). We explore the evolution of floral characters in the context of the more consistent topology: Polygalaceae (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). This reveals synapomorphies for (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Suri- anaceae)) as the presence of free filaments and marginal ⁄ ventral placentation, for (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae) as pentamery and apocarpy, and for Leguminosae the presence of an abaxial median sepal and unicarpellate gynoecium. An octamerous androecium is synapomorphic for Polygalaceae. The development of papilionate flowers, and the evolutionary context in which these phenotypes appeared in Leguminosae and Polygalaceae, shows that the morphologies are convergent rather than synapomorphic within Fabales. -
Trends and Dynamics of Poaching at the Mole National Park
TRENDS AND DYNAMICS OF POACHING AT THE MOLE NATIONAL PARK by CLETUS BALANGTAA (B.Sc Hons) A Thesis submitted to the Department of Wildlife and Range Management Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, College of Agriculture and Renewable Natural Resources August 2011 i CERTIFICATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work towards the MPHIL and that, to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published by another person or material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree of the University, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text. Presented by: Cletus Balangtaa .............................................. .............................................. Student Name &ID Signature Date . Certified by: Prof.S.K.Oppong .............................................. ............................................... Lead Supervisor Signature Date Certified by: Dr.Danquah ............................................. ............................................... Commented [u1]: Should be Dr.Danquah Head of Dept. Name Signature Date ii ABSTRACT Poaching is one of the major problems in wildlife conservation and management in the Mole National Park ecosystem. Unfortunately, it is not easy to identify poaching hotspots because poaching activities are dynamic and concealed in nature, thus there are no standardized methods to quantify them.This study -
Nupe Plants and Trees Their Names And
NUPE PLANTS AND TREES THEIR NAMES AND USES [DRAFT -PREPARED FOR COMMENT ONLY] Roger Blench Mallam Dendo 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Fax. 0044-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7967-696804 E-mail [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm This printout: January 10, 2008 Roger Blench Nupe plant names – Nupe-Latin Circulation version TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................................ 1 TABLES........................................................................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 1 2. THE NUPE PEOPLE AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................... 2 2.1 Nupe society ........................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 The environment of Nupeland ............................................................................................................. 3 3. THE NUPE LANGUAGE .......................................................................................................................... 4 3.1 General .................................................................................................................................................. -
Detarium Microcarpum Guill, & Perr
UNIVERSITE DE OUAGADOUGOU ANTENNE SAHELIENNE CENTRE UNIVERSITAIRE POLYTECHNIQUE DE 8080- DIOULASSO INSTITUT DU DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL MEMOIRE DE FIN D'ETUDES Présenté et soutenu en vu de l'obtention du DIPLOME D'INGENIEUR DU DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL OPTION: EAUX ET FORETS Thème L'effet de la coupe de Detarium microcarpum Guill, & Perr. sur la régénération de la végétation dans la forêt classée de Nazinon. Juin 1997 Adama OUEDRAOGO TABLE DE MATIERES Pages REMERCIEMENTS 1 RESUME 11 LISTE DES TABLEAUX " iii LISTE DES FIGURES v LISTE DES ABREVIATIONS VI INTRODUCTION .. ................................. .. 1 CHAY!TRE 1: GENERALITES 4 1.1. Présentation de la zone d'étude ..................... .. 4 1.1.1. Milieu physique 4 1.1.1.1. Situation Géographique . .. 4 1.1.1.2. Topographie 4 1.1.1.3. Géomorphologie . .. 5 1.1.1.4. Sols 5 1.1.1.5. Hydrographie. .................... .. 5 1.1.1.6. Climat ......................... .. 6 1.1.1.7. Végétation 8 1.1.1.8. Faune Il 1.1.2. Milieu humain 11 1.1.2.1. Population 11 1.1.2.2. Activités socio-économiques , 13 1.1.2.2.1. Agriculture " 13 1.1.2.2.2. Elevage . .. 13 1.1.2.2.3. Exploitation forestière , 13 1.1.2.2.4. Autres activités socio-économiques .............. .. 14 1.1.3. Le chantier d'aménagement de la forêt classée de Nazinon 15 1.1.3.1. Statut juridique de la forêt " 15 1.1.3.2. Organisation du chantier d'aménagement .... " 15 1.2. Présentation de l'Antenne Sahélienne . .. 17 1.3. Présentation de Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. 18 1.3.1. -
Functions of Farmers' Preferred Tree Species and Their Potential
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/344408; this version posted June 11, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Functions of farmers’ preferred tree species and their potential carbon stocks in 2 southern Burkina Faso: implications for biocarbon initiatives 3 Kangbéni Dimobe*1,2, Jérôme E. Tondoh1,3, John C. Weber4, Jules Bayala5, Karen 4 Greenough6, Antoine Kalinganire5 5 1West African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adapted Land Use 6 (WASCAL) Competence Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 7 2University Ouaga I Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, UFR/SVT, Laboratory of Plant Biology and 8 Ecology, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 9 3UFR des Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Côte d’Ivoire 10 4World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Lima, Peru 11 5World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), West and Central Africa, Sahel Node, Bamako, 12 Mali 13 6L’Université du Faso (UFA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 14 Corresponding author 15 E-mail: [email protected] (KD) 16 Author Contributions 17 Conceptualization: Jérôme E. Tondoh, Kangbéni Dimobe, 18 Data curation: Kangbéni Dimobe, Jérôme E. Tondoh 19 Formal analysis: Kangbéni Dimobe. 20 Funding acquisition: Antoine Kalinganire, Jules Bayala, Jérôme E. Tondoh, John C. 21 Weber, 22 Methodology: Jérôme E. Tondoh, John C. Weber, Kangbéni Dimobe, 23 Software: Kangbéni Dimobe 24 Writing - original draft: Jérôme E. Tondoh, Kangbéni Dimobe, 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/344408; this version posted June 11, 2018. -
Pharmacognostic Studies of the Stem Bark of Detarium Microcarpum-Guill
s Chemis ct try u d & Sani et al., Nat Prod Chem Res 2014, S1 o r R P e s l e a r a DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.S1-004 r u t c h a N Natural Products Chemistry & Research ISSN: 2329-6836 Research Article Open Access Pharmacognostic Studies of the Stem Bark of Detarium Microcarpum-Guill. and Perr. (Fabaceae) Abubakar Sani*, Agunu A, Danmalam UH and Ibrahim Hajara Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Abstract Parts of the plant or the plant as a whole has been used in most parts of the world for the treatment of various ailments; either as topical applications to treat skin diseases or prepared into infusion, decoctions or even concoctions with other herbs and consumed to either alleviate pains or treat other diseases like malaria, pile, bacterial infective HIV etc. In an attempt to standardize this plant, the pharmacognostic studies were carried out on its stem bark. Preliminary processing of the plant material was done. The stem cuttings were debarked and the barks dried in an open air under shade. The macroscopical examinations were done. The dried plant materials was then powdered using morter and pistil. The anatomical sections and powdered samples of the plant parts were investigated for their microscopical profiles. These revealed the presence of phloem tissues, parenchyma cells, cork cells, calcium oxalate crystals, starch grains and secretory ducts in the powdered bark; while the anatomical sections revealed the presence of xylem tissues. A preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of some phytochemicals. -
Impact of Forest Management Regimes on Ligneous Regeneration in the Sudanian Savanna of Burkina Faso
Impact of Forest Management Regimes on Ligneous Regeneration in the Sudanian Savanna of Burkina Faso Didier Zida Faculty of Forest Sciences Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Umeå Doctoral thesis Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umeå 2007 Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae 2007: 66 Cover: View of the savanna woodland at the beginning of the growing season (left) and fire disturbance (right) at the onset of the dry season (Photo: Didier Zida). ISSN 1652-6880 ISBN: 978-91-576-7365-7 © 2007 Didier Zida, Umeå Printed by: Arkitektkopia AB, Umeå 2007 Abstract Zida, D. 2007. Impacts of forest management regimes on ligneous regeneration in the Sudanian savanna of Burkina Faso. Doctor’s dissertation. ISSN 1652-6880, ISBN 978-91- 576-7365-7 Annual early fire, selective tree cutting and grazing exclusion are currently used to manage the State forests of the Sudanian savanna of Burkina Faso, West Africa. Such prescriptions, however, are not based on experimental evidence. The long-term effects of such management on seedlings and saplings and the germination of selected tree species are discussed. Seedling quality attributes are also assessed. Studies over a 10-year period examined the effects of the three management regimes on species richness and population density. Burkea africana Kook, f., Detarium microcarpum Guill. et Perr., Entada africana Guill. et Perr., and Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. seed germination was tested for different temperatures, light conditions, dry heat treatments and scarification methods. The quality of Acacia macrostachya Reichenb.ex DC. and P. erinaceus planting stock was evaluated in relation to nursery production period; field performance was assessed with and without watering. -
Detarium Microcarpum Bark on Certain Metabolic Disorders Associated with an Atherogenic Diet in Rats
Journal of Food Research; Vol. 9, No. 5; 2020 ISSN 1927-0887 E-ISSN 1927-0895 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Potential Effect of Aqueous Extract of Detarium microcarpum Bark on Certain Metabolic Disorders Associated with an Atherogenic Diet in Rats Youovop Fotso Janvier1, Mbaississem Walendom Dieudonné1, Ngondi Judith Laure1 & Julius Enyong Oben1 1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon Correspondence: Ngondi Judith Laure, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon. E-mail: [email protected] Received: July 2, 2020 Accepted: July 27, 2020 Online Published: September 15, 2020 doi:10.5539/jfr.v9n5p102 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v9n5p102 Abstract Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of the cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of Detarium microcarpum on metabolic disorders in rats fed with an atherogenic diet. The extract at two doses (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) was co-administered in rats with an atherogenic diet. After 28 days, rats were sacrificed, blood collected in ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes for plasma preparation, and the heart used for homogenate preparation. These plasma and heart homogenates were used to assess lipid profile, cardiac function (NO, ASAT), and hepatic function (ALAT, ASAT, and totals proteins). The results obtained showed that treatment (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg extract) led to a significant decrease in TG, VLDL-c, LDL-c, HDL-c, and non-HDL-c compared to untreated rats (positive control) (p < 0.001).