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Ny Organisation. Gatutidningen Situation Sthlm 1995-2000

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Ny Organisation. Gatutidningen Situation Sthlm 1995-2000 Ny situation - ny organisation. Gatutidningen Situation Sthlm 1995-2000 Magnusson, Jan 2002 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Magnusson, J. (2002). Ny situation - ny organisation. Gatutidningen Situation Sthlm 1995-2000. School of Social Work, Lund University. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 NY SITUATION – NY ORGANISATION NY SITUATION – NY ORGANISATION JAN MAGNUSSON JAN MAGNUSSON NY SITUATION – NY ORGANISATION NY SITUATION – NY ORGANISATION GATUTIDNINGEN SITUATION STHLM 1995-2000 GATUTIDNINGEN SITUATION STHLM 1995-2000 LUND DISSERTATIONS IN SOCIAL WORK 9 LUND DISSERTATIONS IN SOCIAL WORK 9 © Jan Magnusson © Jan Magnusson Omslag: Eva Broms Omslag: Eva Broms Tryck: Kfs, Lund 2002 Tryck: Kfs, Lund 2002 Förlag: Socialhögskolan, Lunds universitet Förlag: Socialhögskolan, Lunds universitet Box 23, 221 00 Lund Box 23, 221 00 Lund Tel: 046–222 00 00 vxl Tel: 046–222 00 00 vxl Fax: 046–222 9412 Fax: 046–222 9412 ISSN 1650-3872 ISSN 1650-3872 ISBN 91-89604-11-3 ISBN 91-89604-11-3 INNEHÅLL INNEHÅLL 1. INLEDNING 1 1. INLEDNING 1 2. FÖRÄNDRAT SAMHÄLLE, NY ORGANISATION 7 2. FÖRÄNDRAT SAMHÄLLE, NY ORGANISATION 7 Förändringar i välfärdssamhället 9 Förändringar i välfärdssamhället 9 3. GATUTIDNINGAR OCH SJÄLVHJÄLPSIDEOLOGI 15 3. GATUTIDNINGAR OCH SJÄLVHJÄLPSIDEOLOGI 15 Två gatutidningsmodeller 15 Två gatutidningsmodeller 15 Internationell organisering 17 Internationell organisering 17 The Big Issue 19 The Big Issue 19 Situation Sthlm 21 Situation Sthlm 21 Gatutidningsideologin 23 Gatutidningsideologin 23 Filantropin och hjälp-till-självhjälpsprincipen 24 Filantropin och hjälp-till-självhjälpsprincipen 24 Empowerment 28 Empowerment 28 Diskussion 29 Diskussion 29 4. DEN NYA HEMLÖSHETEN 33 4. DEN NYA HEMLÖSHETEN 33 Medialiseringen av hemlösheten 36 Medialiseringen av hemlösheten 36 Hemlöshet och hemlöshetsrelaterade frågor i Stockholm under Hemlöshet och hemlöshetsrelaterade frågor i Stockholm under 1990-talet 38 1990-talet 38 Sammanfattning 43 Sammanfattning 43 5. METOD OCH GRUNDLÄGGANDE UTGÅNGSPUNKTER 45 5. METOD OCH GRUNDLÄGGANDE UTGÅNGSPUNKTER 45 Viktiga val 46 Viktiga val 46 Förberedelser och tillträde 47 Förberedelser och tillträde 47 Datainsamlingsmetoder 48 Datainsamlingsmetoder 48 Observationer 48 Observationer 48 Intervjuer 49 Intervjuer 49 Mindre påträngande metoder 51 Mindre påträngande metoder 51 Kausalitet och förklaring 52 Kausalitet och förklaring 52 Datainsamling i upprepade rundor 53 Datainsamling i upprepade rundor 53 Analys 54 Analys 54 Social förändringsdynamik 55 Social förändringsdynamik 55 6. NY ORGANISATION SÖKER SIN PLATS 59 6. NY ORGANISATION SÖKER SIN PLATS 59 Resursberoende 60 Resursberoende 60 Organisationsfält och institutionell isomorfi 62 Organisationsfält och institutionell isomorfi 62 Korporativa organisationsfält 64 Korporativa organisationsfält 64 Relationella och autonoma resurser 68 Relationella och autonoma resurser 68 Emuleringen av gamla organisationsformer och metaforer för Emuleringen av gamla organisationsformer och metaforer för nystartade organisationers anpassningsformer 71 nystartade organisationers anpassningsformer 71 Emuleringsmekanismen 73 Emuleringsmekanismen 73 Nystartade organisationers anpassningsformer 75 Nystartade organisationers anpassningsformer 75 7. TIDNINGENS UTFORMNING OCH INNEHÅLL 79 7. TIDNINGENS UTFORMNING OCH INNEHÅLL 79 Data och metod 80 Data och metod 80 Tidningens upplaga och utformning 82 Tidningens upplaga och utformning 82 Innehåll 83 Innehåll 83 Stockholm storstaden 84 Stockholm storstaden 84 Den lilla människans vanmakt 85 Den lilla människans vanmakt 85 Utanförskap och motstånd 86 Utanförskap och motstånd 86 Kritik mot myndigheter och ”systemet” 87 Kritik mot myndigheter och ”systemet” 87 Absurdismen 89 Absurdismen 89 Bra och dåligt i hemlöshetsfrågan 90 Bra och dåligt i hemlöshetsfrågan 90 Tidningens profil 93 Tidningens profil 93 Bilden av hemlöshet 94 Bilden av hemlöshet 94 Sammanfattning 101 Sammanfattning 101 8. DET SOCIALA ARBETET 105 8. DET SOCIALA ARBETET 105 En intensiv förmiddag på Situation Sthlm 105 En intensiv förmiddag på Situation Sthlm 105 En tillbakablick 107 En tillbakablick 107 Distribution och försäljning 110 Distribution och försäljning 110 De sociala projektens ideologi och praktik 111 De sociala projektens ideologi och praktik 111 Opinionsbildningen i tidningen 112 Opinionsbildningen i tidningen 112 Sex påståenden om Situation Sthlms sociala arbete 113 Sex påståenden om Situation Sthlms sociala arbete 113 1.Det sociala arbetet var ad-hoc-betonat och styrdes av försäljarnas 1.Det sociala arbetet var ad-hoc-betonat och styrdes av försäljarnas behov för stunden 114 behov för stunden 114 2. Arbete spelade en praktisk och ideologisk roll i det sociala arbetet 2. Arbete spelade en praktisk och ideologisk roll i det sociala arbetet med försäljarna 116 med försäljarna 116 3, Det sociala arbetet handlade ofta om att företräda försäljarna i 3, Det sociala arbetet handlade ofta om att företräda försäljarna i deras kontakter med myndigheter och andra motparter 119 deras kontakter med myndigheter och andra motparter 119 4. Reglerna för försäljning och avstängning av försäljare stod i 4. Reglerna för försäljning och avstängning av försäljare stod i centrum för maktspelet 127 centrum för maktspelet 127 5. Sättet att utföra socialt arbete var knutet till medarbetarnas 5. Sättet att utföra socialt arbete var knutet till medarbetarnas personliga bakgrund och erfarenheter och byggde på en personliga bakgrund och erfarenheter och byggde på en könsstereotypisk uppdelning av roller 132 könsstereotypisk uppdelning av roller 132 6. Medarbetarna hade inte funnit ett fungerande sätt att förhålla sig 6. Medarbetarna hade inte funnit ett fungerande sätt att förhålla sig till försäljares drogmissbruk 139 till försäljares drogmissbruk 139 Sammanfattning 141 Sammanfattning 141 9. DYNAMIK OCH NYA FORMER 143 9. DYNAMIK OCH NYA FORMER 143 Glupskheten: kantig och motstridig 143 Glupskheten: kantig och motstridig 143 Monstrositeten: passar inte in 144 Monstrositeten: passar inte in 144 Bläckfiskigheten: lösa delar och motstridiga viljor 147 Bläckfiskigheten: lösa delar och motstridiga viljor 147 Godtrogenheten: öppen och välvilligt inställd 149 Godtrogenheten: öppen och välvilligt inställd 149 Hycklandet: yttre retorik och inre verksamheter 150 Hycklandet: yttre retorik och inre verksamheter 150 Resursmobilisering och isomorfi 152 Resursmobilisering och isomorfi 152 Listan över samarbetspartners 152 Listan över samarbetspartners 152 Öppna nätverk och vägen till de stora bidragen 158 Öppna nätverk och vägen till de stora bidragen 158 Organisationsfältets ordning och vägen till lokala bidrag 164 Organisationsfältets ordning och vägen till lokala bidrag 164 Sammanfattning 168 Sammanfattning 168 10. NY ELLER GAMMAL? 171 10. NY ELLER GAMMAL? 171 Förändringens uttryck i praktiken 173 Förändringens uttryck i praktiken 173 Tidningen 174 Tidningen 174 Det sociala arbetet 175 Det sociala arbetet 175 Organisationsutvecklingen 176 Organisationsutvecklingen 176 Åter till analysen av social förändring 178 Åter till analysen av social förändring 178 APPENDIX: FÖRTECKNING ÖVER FÄLTARBETEN, INTERVJUER, APPENDIX: FÖRTECKNING ÖVER FÄLTARBETEN, INTERVJUER, OBSERVATIONER ETC. 181 OBSERVATIONER ETC. 181 REFERENSER & KÄLLOR 185 REFERENSER & KÄLLOR 185 SUMMARY 193 SUMMARY 193 1. INLEDNING 1. INLEDNING 1980- och 90-talen var decennier då vissa gamla sociala problem 1980- och 90-talen var decennier då vissa gamla sociala problem började återkomma i det svenska välfärdssamhället samtidigt som började återkomma i det svenska välfärdssamhället samtidigt som ansvaret för den sociala välfärden delvis försköts från det offentli- ansvaret för den sociala välfärden delvis försköts från det offentli- ga till frivilliga organisationer och familjen. Den nya situationen ga till frivilliga organisationer och familjen. Den nya situationen hade vissa likheter med tiden före den moderna välfärdsstaten, hade vissa likheter med tiden före den moderna välfärdsstaten, när många välfärdstjänster tillhandahölls av filantropiska organi- när många välfärdstjänster tillhandahölls av filantropiska organi- sationer. Detta bekräftas inte minst av den renässans för gamla sationer. Detta bekräftas inte minst av den renässans för gamla välgörenhetsorganisationer som vi noterat sedan 1980-talet. Men välgörenhetsorganisationer som vi noterat sedan 1980-talet. Men även nya organisationer verkade finna en grogrund i dessa för- även nya organisationer verkade finna en grogrund i dessa för- ändringar. ändringar. Ett av
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