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Heinz, Street Newspapers and Street Newspapers of Britain EofH_FM1 5/11/04 4:37 PM Page i EofH_FM_V2 5/13/04 10:43 AM Page iii EofH_FM_V2 5/13/04 10:43 AM Page iv Copyright © 2004 by Berkshire Publishing Group LLC.. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any infor- mation storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information: Sage Publications, Inc. 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 E-mail: [email protected] Sage Publications Ltd. 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd. B-42 Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 110017 India Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Main entry under title: Encyclopedia of homelessness / David Levinson, editor. v. cm. A Berkshire Reference Work. A Sage Reference Publication. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7619-2751-4 (cloth) 1. Homelessness--Encyclopedias. I. Levinson, David, 1947- HV4493.E53 2004 362.5'0973'03--dc22 2004009279 04—05—06—07—10—9—8—7—6—5—4—3—2—1 Berkshire Publishing Staff Sage Publications Staff Project Director: David Levinson Publisher: Rolf A. Janke Project Coordinators: Marcy Ross and Editorial Assistant: Sara Tauber George Woodward Production Editor: Diana E. Axelsen Copy Editors: Martha Keskinen, Mike Nichols, Production Assistant: Patricia Zeman Carol Parikh, Mark Siemens, Typesetter/Designer: and Daniel Spinella Tim Giesen/Straight Line Design xer: Information Management Inde Mary Mortensen and Programming: Deborah Dillon and Trevor Young Cover Designer: Ravi Balasuriya Editorial Assistant: Emily A. Colangelo Production Artist: Michelle Lee Kenny EofH_FM_V2 5/13/04 10:43 AM Page vi GENERAL EDITOR David Levinson Berkshire Publishing Group EDITORIAL BOARD Susan Barrow New York State Psychiatric Institute Ellen Bassuk Harvard Medical School / National Center on Family Homelessness Jim Baumohl Bryn Mawr College Martha Burt The Urban Institute Robert Drake Dartmouth Medical School Irene Glasser Community Renewal Team, Inc. Kim Hopper Columbia University / Nathan Kline Institute Paul Koegel RAND Health Kenneth L. Kusmer Temple University Gretchen Noll National Network for Youth Debra J. Rog Vanderbilt University / Center for Mental Health Policy Marybeth Shinn New York University EofH_FM_V2 5/13/04 10:43 AM Page vii List of Entries Abeyance Theory Networks; Homeless Families; Foster Care; Parenting; Africa. International; “Housing First” Youth, Homeless See Egypt; Homelessness, Approach; International Network Children, Education of International Perspectives on; of Street Newspapers; Children, Impact of Homelessness on Housing and Homelessness in International Union of Tenants; Cinema Developing Nations; Nairobi; National Alliance to End See Appendix 2: Filmography of Nigeria; South Africa; Zimbabwe Homelessness; National American Narrative and African-Americans Association of State Housing Documentary Films on Alcohol and Drugs Agencies; National Center on Homelessness; Images of the Almshouses. Family Homelessness; National Homeless in Contemporary See Poorhouses; Workhouses Coalition for the Homeless; Documentary Film; Images of the American Bar Association National Resource Center on Homeless in Narrative Film, Commission on Homelessness Homelessness and Mental Illness; History of and Poverty Salvation Army; UN-HABITAT; Continuum of Care Asia Urban Institute; Wilder Research Copenhagen Corporation for Supportive Housing See Australia; Calcutta; Center Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Homelessness, International Australia Criminal Activity and Policing Perspectives on; Housing and Autobiography and Memoir, Cuba Homelessness in Developing Contemporary Homeless Nations; India; Indonesia; Japan; Dallas Mumbai (Bombay); Sydney; Bangladesh Deindustrialization Tokyo Bombay Deinstitutionalization Assertive Community Treatment See Mumbai Denmark (ACT) Boston Disorders and Health Problems: Association of Gospel Rescue Bowery, The Overview Missions Brazil Associations and Organizations Egypt See American Bar Association Calcutta Encampments, Urban Commission on Homelessness Canada Epidemiology and Poverty; Association of Case Management Ethnography Gospel Rescue Missions; Causes of Homelessness: Overview European Network for Housing Corporation for Supportive Chicago Skid Row Research Housing; Council of State Child Care Community Development Child Support Fair Housing Laws Agencies; European Network for Children Families Housing Research; FEANTSA; See Child Care; Child Support; Family Separations and Reunifications Goodwill Industries International; Children, Education of; Children, FEANTSA Homeless Assistance Services and Impact of Homelessness on; Food Programs vii EofH_FM_V2 5/13/04 10:43 AM Page viii viii———ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HOMELESSNESS Foster Care Nairobi; New York City; Paris; International Perspectives on; France Philadelphia; St. Louis; Sydney; Housing and Homelessness in Tokyo; Toronto; Washington, D.C. Developing Nations; Latino(a)s Gentrification Housing Latino(a)s Germany See Appendix 4: Documentary Legal Advocacy Goodwill Industries International History of Homelessness; Legislation, Programs, and Policies, Great Depression Corporation for Supportive U.S. Federal Housing; European Network for Libraries: Issues in Serving the Harm Reduction Housing Research; Fair Housing Homeless Health Care Laws; Foster Care; Hidden Liminality Hidden Homelessness Homelessness; Housing and Literature on Homelessness History of Homelessness Homelessness in Developing See Appendix 1: Bibliography of See Appendix 4: Documentary Nations; Housing, Affordable; Autobiographical and Fictional History of Homelessness; Housing, Transitional; “Housing Accounts of Homelessness; Bowery, The; Chicago Skid Row; First” Approach; International Appendix 4: Documentary Deindustrialization; Great Union of Tenants; Interventions, History of Homelessness; Depression; Hobo and Tramp Housing; Low-Income Housing Autobiography and Memoir, Culture and History; Literature, Development; Missions; Contemporary Homeless; Images Hobo and Tramp; Missions; Municipal Lodging Houses; of Homelessness in Nineteenth- Poorhouses; Skid Row Culture National Alliance of State Housing and Twentieth-Century American and History; Workhouses Agencies; Right to Shelter; Self- Literature; Literature, Hobo and HIV and AIDS Help Housing; Shelters; Single- Tramp; Media Homeless Assistance Services and Room Occupancy Hotels; Survival Literature, Hobo and Tramp Networks Strategies; Workhouses London Homeless Court Program Housing, Affordable Los Angeles Homeless International Housing, Transitional Low-Income Housing Homeless Organizing Housing and Homelessness in Homeless Populations Developing Nations Marginality See African-Americans; Children; “Housing First” Approach Media Epidemiology; Families; Houston See Appendix 3: Directory of Homelessness, Definitions and Hunger and Nutrition Street Newspapers; Images of Estimates of; Homelessness, Homelessness in the Media; Patterns of; Homelessness, Rural; Images of Homelessness in Photography; Public Opinion; Homelessness, Suburban; Contemporary Documentary Film Street Newspapers Latino(a)s; Older Homeless Images of Homelessness in Narrative Men Persons; Street Youth; Veterans; Film, History of See Bowery, The; Chicago Skid Women; Youth, Homeless Images of Homelessness in Row; Great Depression; Homelessness, Course of Nineteenth- and Twentieth- Literature, Hobo and Tramp; Skid Homelessness, Definitions and Century America Row Culture and History; Estimates of Images of Homelessness in the Veterans Homelessness, International Media Mental Health System Perspectives on Indonesia Mental Illness and Health Homelessness, Patterns of International Network of Street Minneapolis and St. Paul Homelessness, Rural Newspapers Mobility Homelessness, Suburban International Union of Tenants Montreal Homelessness, Urban Interventions, Clinical Mumbai (Bombay) See Appendix 4: Documentary Interventions, Housing Municipal Lodging Houses History of Homelessness; Italy Bowery, The; Calcutta; Chicago Nairobi Skid Row; Copenhagen; Dallas; Japan National Alliance to End Houston; London; Los Angeles; Homelessness Madrid; Minneapolis and Latin America National Center on Family St. Paul; Montreal; Mumbai; See Brazil; Cuba; Homelessness, Homelessness EofH_FM_V2 5/13/04 10:43 AM Page ix List of Entries———ix National Coalition for the Homeless Prostitution Survival Strategies; Work on the National Resource Center on Public Opinion Streets Homelessness and Mental Illness Street Newspapers Netherlands Religion Street Youth and Violence New York City See Appendix 4: Documentary Stressful Life Events Nigeria History of Homelessness; Survival Strategies Association of Gospel Rescue Sweden Older Homeless Persons Missions; Goodwill Industries Sydney Outreach International; Missions; Salvation Army Tokyo Panhandling Research on Homelessness: Toronto Parenting Overview Trauma and Victimization Paris Russia Philadelphia UN-HABITAT Photography Safe Havens United Kingdom Poorhouses Salvation Army United Kingdom, Rural Poverty Self-Help Housing Urban Institute See American Bar Association Service Integration Commission on Homelessness Service Utilization Research Vagrancy and Poverty; Causes of Shelters Veterans Homelessness: Overview; Single-Room Occupancy Hotels Gentrification; Great Depression; Skid Row Culture and History Washington, D.C. Hidden Homelessness; Hunger Social Support
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