he Tucson Mountain District (TMD) of √ Common name A H S √ Common name A H S √ Common name A H S Saguaro National Park is largely Sonoran desert, T DUCKS AND GEESE elf owl C D S Say's phoebe U D Y with a bit of semi-desert grassland atop Wasson mallard O D M burrowing owl O D M vermilion flycatcher R D M Peak (4,687 feet). Thus, landbird habitat (H) here is all considered desert (D). The Sonoran desert, TURKEYS AND QUAIL long-eared owl O D M ash-throated flycatcher A D S however, is remarkably rich in biological diversi- Gambel's quail A D Y NIGHTHAWKS AND NIGHTJARS brown-crested flycatcher C D S ty. It is characterized by saguaros and other cacti; BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS lesser nighthawk C D S western kingbird R D S trees, such as palo verde, ironwood, and mesquite; black-crowned night-heron O D M common nighthawk O D M SHRIKES shrubs, such as triangle-leaf bursage, wolfberry, and VULTURES common poorwill C D S loggerhead shrike R D W creosote; bunch grasses; and forbs, including many black vulture R D M SWIFTS VIREOS with showy flowers, such as California poppies, penstemon, and lupine. The TMD is relatively small, turkey vulture C D S Vaux's swift R D M Bell's vireo U D S at 24,000 acres, but has an impressive bird list of RAPTORS white-throated swift C D Y gray vireo R D M 154 native species. An additional three non-native osprey O D M HUMMINGBIRDS plumbeous vireo U D M species (Eurasian collared-dove, European starling, northern harrier O D M black-chinned hummingbird C D S Cassin's vireo R D M and house sparrow) also occur here. sharp-shinned hawk R D M Anna's hummingbird C D Y warbling vireo U D M In this list, season (S) includes year-round resi- Cooper's hawk U D Y Costa's hummingbird U D Y JAYS AND ALLIES dents (Y); summer breeders (S; usually neotropical common black-hawk O D M broad-tailed hummingbird U D M Steller's jay O D W migrants here between April and August); winter Harris's hawk U D Y rufous hummingbird R D M common raven C D Y visitors (W) here from November through February; Swainson's hawk R D M calliope hummingbird O D M SWALLOWS and migrants (M) passing through in spring or fall. zone-tailed hawk R D M broad-billed hummingbird U D S purple martin C D S Habitat and season both affect abundance A( ). In the red-tailed hawk C D Y WOODPECKERS tree swallow R D M right habitat and season, abundant (A) birds are like- golden eagle O D Y Gila woodpecker A D Y violet-green swallow R D M ly to be seen daily and in large numbers. Common CRANES red-naped sapsucker O D M northern rough-winged swallow R D M (C) birds are likely to be seen daily in fewer num- sandhill crane O D M ladder-backed woodpecker C D Y cliff swallow R D M bers. Uncommon birds (U) are seen less frequently PLOVERS northern flicker (red-shafted) U D W barn swallow R D M but regularly, and rare (R) birds, though usually killdeer O D Y gilded flicker C D Y CHICKADEES AND TITMICE present, are difficult to find. Occasional (O) birds are transient—found regionally, but not usually present PIGEONS AND DOVES FALCONS bridled titmouse O D W in the park. Accidental (X) birds are far out of their rock pigeon R D Y crested caracara O D Y VERDINS AND BUSHTITS normal range (and may never be seen here again). Eurasian collared-dove R D Y American kestrel U D Y verdin C D Y Inca dove R D Y merlin R D M WRENS Key common ground-dove O D M peregrine falcon O D M rock wren C D Y white-winged dove A D S prairie falcon U D Y canyon wren U D Y Abundance (A) Habitat (H) Season (S) mourning dove A D Y TYRANT FLYCATCHERS house wren R D M A–Abundant D–Desert Y–Year-round CUCKOOS AND ROADRUNNERS olive-sided flycatcher O D M Bewick's wren U D Y C–Common S–Summer yellow-billed cuckoo O D M western wood-pewee R D M cactus wren A D Y U–Uncommon W–Winter greater roadrunner U D Y willow flycatcher O D M KINGLETS AND GNATCATCHERS R–Rare M–Migratory OWLS Hammond's flycatcher R D M blue-gray gnatcatcher U D M O–Occasional barn owl U D Y gray flycatcher U D M black-tailed gnatcatcher C D Y X–Accidental western screech-owl U D Y dusky flycatcher R D M ruby-crowned kinglet U D M great horned owl R D Y Pacific-slope flycatcher U D M cactus ferruginous pygmy-owl O D Y black phoebe O D W √ Common name A H S √ Common name A H S Notes National Park Service THRUSHES AND ALLIES vesper sparrow R D W U.S. Department of the Interior

western bluebird R D W lark sparrow U D W Sonoran Desert Network mountain bluebird O D W black-throated sparrow C D Y Townsend's solitaire O D W lark bunting R D W Bird Checklist hermit thrush O D W sagebrush sparrow O D W for Saguaro National Park American robin O D W fox sparrow X D W THRASHERS AND ALLIES Lincoln's sparrow R D W Tucson Mountain District curve-billed thrasher C D Y white-throated sparrow O D W Bendire's thrasher O D Y white-crowned sparrow A D W crissal thrasher R D Y dark-eyed junco R D W sage thrasher O D W CARDINALS, GROSBEAKS AND BUNTINGS northern mockingbird C D Y summer tanager R D M STARLINGS western tanager U D M European starling R D Y northern cardinal C D Y WAXWINGS pyrrhuloxia C D Y cedar waxwing O D W rose-breasted grosbeak X D M SILKY FLYCATCHERS black-headed grosbeak U D M phainopepla C D Y blue grosbeak R D M WARBLERS lazuli bunting R D M orange-crowned warbler U D M varied bunting U D S Lucy's warbler C D S BLACKBIRDS AND ALLIES Nashville warbler U D M red-winged blackbird R D W Virginia's warbler R D M yellow-headed blackbird R D W MacGillivray's warbler R D M Brewer's blackbird R D W

yellow-rumped warbler C D M great-tailed grackle U D Y Cover photos: Costa’s hummingbird (top; NPS/D. Jackson), black-throated gray warbler U D M bronzed cowbird U D S ash-throated flycatcher (middle; ©Robert Shantz), and elf owl Townsend's warbler U D M brown-headed cowbird C D S (bottom; NPS/N. Perkins). hermit warbler O D M hooded oriole U D M The information in this list is based on many years of bird obser- vations and surveys throughout the Tucson Mountain District of Wilson's warbler U D M Bullock's oriole U D M Saguaro National Park. However, with changing land use and SPARROWS AND ALLIES Scott's oriole U D M climate, bird lists are inherently works in progress. Use this list as a guide, and report your own observations (to the TMD Visitor green-tailed towhee U D M CARDUELINE FINCHES Center or on eBird) to help us revise future versions. The list is spotted towhee O D W house finch A D Y arranged by family, with common names following the American rufous-crowned sparrow U D Y pine siskin O D M Ornithologists’ Union’s Check-list of North American Birds, 7th edition, and its supplements to 2013. canyon towhee C D Y lesser goldfinch C D Y This checklist was produced by Saguaro National Park and the Abert's towhee R D Y Lawrence's goldfinch O D W Sonoran Desert Network. rufous-winged sparrow U D Y OLD WORLD SPARROWS Cassin's sparrow O D M house sparrow R D Y chipping sparrow U D W Brewer's sparrow A D W black-chinned sparrow R D W