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Pueblos Indígenas En Panamá: Una Bibliografía

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Pueblos Indígenas En Panamá: Una Bibliografía Pueblos Indígenas en Panamá: Una Bibliografía Compiladores Julia Velásquez Runk Mònica Martínez Mauri Blas Quintero Sánchez Jorge Sarsaneda del Cid 305.8 P962 Pueblos indígenas en Panamá : una bibliografía / compilación de Julia Velásquez Runk, Mònica Martínez Mauri, Blas Quintero Sánchez y Jorge Sarsaneda Del Cid. Panamá : Acción Cultural Ngóbe (ACUN), 2011. 542p. ; 21 cm. ISBN 978-9962-8969-2-0 1. INDÍGENAS DE PANAMÁ 2. CULTURAS INDÍGENAS I. Título. Pueblos Indígenas en Panamá: Una Bibliografía. © Acción Cultural Ngóbe. Edición al cuidado de: Jorge Sarsaneda Del Cid. Fotos de portada y páginas internas: Acun, Julia VelásquezRunk, Jorge Sarsaneda Del Cid y Lorenzo Barría. Diseño y diagramación: Lorenzo Barría. Este libro ha sido posible con una donación del Proyecto de SENACYT EST 010-016A Primera edición: julio 2011. 300 ejemplares. Impreso en Panamá: Diseños e Impresiones Jeicos. 2 PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS EN PANAMÁ:UNA BIBLIOGRAFÍA Índice Agradecimiento............................. 5 Introducción . .............................. 7 Bribri.................................... 55 Buglé..................................... 71 Emberá ................................... 77 Kuna ..................................... 163 Naso-Tjërdi . .............................. 251 Ngäbe .................................... 259 Wounaan .................................. 333 Indígenas en general ......................... 387 Grabaciones y videos ........................ 531 Nota sobre los autores........................ 539 PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS EN PANAMÁ:UNA BIBLIOGRAFÍA 3 4 PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS EN PANAMÁ:UNA BIBLIOGRAFÍA Agradecimientos M uchas son las personas que han hecho posible esta compilación bibliográfica. Estamos especialmente endeudados a Jorge Sarsaneda, quien hizo la organización definitiva de las numerosas referencias. Muchas gracias por su interés y paciencia. No hubiera sido posible compilar tantas referencias sobre el pueblo kuna sin la ayuda, la complicidad y el apoyo de las siguientes personas: Aresio Valiente, Artinelio Hernández, Arystedes Turpana, Atencio López, Bernal Castillo, Bibiana Etayo, Catherine Potvin, Christian Gros, David Dumoulin, Francisco Herrera, James Howe, Joel Sherzer, Jorge Ventocilla, Josué Forichon, Kate Kirby, MarinaApgar, Marta de Gerdes, Massimo Squillacciotti y Luciano Gianelli ­ profesores del Cisai (Centro Interdisciplinare di Studi sull'America Indigena, Università degli Studi, Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia, Siena-Italia)-, Michel Perrin, Paolo Fortis, Pascale Jeambrun, Lindsey Newbold, Kayla Price y Simion Brown. Para la compilación de las bibliografías ngäbe, naso tjerdi, bribri, buglé y general, han ayudado con referencias, contac­ tos o pistas: Agustín Ganuza García, oar; Bernardo Jaén C.; Derek Smith, Equipo Misionero de Kankintu (Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé); Francisco Herrera; Ignacio Rodríguez De Gracia; José A. Idiáquez Guevara, sj; Marta de Gerdes; Milton R. Machuca, Osvaldo Jordán, Philip Young, Richard G. Cooke y Stanley Heckadon Moreno. Las bibliografías emberá y wounaan se han nutrido de las aportaciones de: Abigail Agrajales, Daniel Aguirre Licht, PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS EN PANAMÁ:UNA BIBLIOGRAFÍA 5 AGRADECIMIENTO Hernán Araúz, Juana Camacho, Margarita Chaves, Richard G. Cooke, Ron Binder, Marta de Gerdes, Stanley Heckadon- Moreno, Francisco Herrera, James Howe, Roberto Lino, Gladys Loewen, Stephanie Kane, Franklin Mesua, Dorothy Joyce Pauls, Chindío Peña Ismare, Chilín Piraza, Carlos Tapia, José Alexander Teucama, Patricia Vargas, Ángel Aguirre yAstrid Ulloa. Durante la fase de redacción de la introducción a este volu­ men, Richard G. Cooke, Marta de Gerdes, Francisco Herrera, James Howe y Philip Young han leído, comentado y anotado minuciosamente nuestra presentación. Reciban nuestro reconocimiento. Su colaboración nos ha ayudado a esclarecer muchas dudas. En esta etapa también debemos dar las gracias a Sandra Sanjuán por su revisión estilística del texto. No podemos dejar de mencionar las instituciones y las personas que nos han brindado los recursos necesarios para llegar a nuestra meta. Damos las gracias a la Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT) por apoyar nuestra iniciativa con el proyecto EST010-016A. También estamos muy agradecidos a la Biblioteca Nacional, especialmente a su directora María Majela Brenes, Nitzia Barrantes y Amarilis O. De León Hdz., por el interés que han manifestado en todo momento por esta iniciativa. Agradece­ mos también el trabajo callado y eficiente de Acción Cultural Ngóbe, Blas Quintero S. y Miriam Chong. Igualmente, en la parte final de este trabajo, agradecemos el esfuerzo y la creatividad de Lorenzo Barría. Por último, debemos mencionar el apoyo del Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca (CUR) del Departament d’Innovació, Universitats i Empresa de la Generalitat de Catalunya.L a dedicación de la Dra. Martínez Mauri a la redacción y compi­ lación de este volumen en la Universitat de Lleida ha sido posible gracias a la ayuda del programa Postdoctoral Beatriu de Pinós promovido por estas instituciones catalanas. Los compiladores 6 PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS EN PANAMÁ:UNA BIBLIOGRAFÍA Introducción LOS DOCUMENTOS SOBRE LOS PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS DE PANAMÁ NUESTROS PORQUÉS La compilación que tienen en sus manos es hija de una presencia, una necesidad y una pasión. Una presencia . En los últimos años, los propios indígenas han salido del anonimato denunciando la utilización que se ha hecho de ellos. Ha aumentado el interés por los temas que les competen, al mismo tiempo que muchos de ellos han logrado –con ingentes esfuerzos- acceder a la educación universitaria, convertirse en profesionales exitosos y ocupar puestos importantes. A pesar de que no faltan obstáculos en su cami­ no, los pueblos indígenas de Panamá se han apoyado en sus organizaciones para manifestarse ante el resto del país. Gracias a esa movilización, hoy su presencia se ha hecho más sentida y palpable. Con este trabajo queremos contribuir a que esa presencia sea mayor en todos los ámbitos. Panamá tiene una deuda social e histórica inmensa con los pueblos originarios de este territorio. En un país con tasas de crecimiento económico altas, a pesar del contexto mundial de crisis, los pueblos indígenas ocupan los peores lugares en materia de acceso a los servicios sociales. En numerosas ocasiones sus derechos son vulnerados a favor de proyectos de desarrollo económico que se legitiman en nombre de las mayorías, desfavoreciéndolos como minorías. PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS EN PANAMÁ:UNA BIBLIOGRAFÍA 7 INTRODUCCIÓN Más de cien años de república no han sido suficientes para que sus voces sean acalladas. Sólo hace falta ver algunos ejemplos de los últimos tiempos: movilizaciones en contra de las reformas al Código Minero en 2011, huelga duramente reprimida en Changuinola el año 2010, manifestaciones en territorio ngäbe contra la hidroeléctrica promovida por la empresa AES en enero de 2008, protestas contra madereros en las áreas emberá y wounaan. La presencia indígena no desaparece. Está viva y sigue luchando. Una necesidad . En nuestros trabajos hemos visto la necesi­ dad de contar con una herramienta que nos permita conocer, medir y valorar la producción etnográfica e histórica sobre los pueblos indígenas de Panamá. Hemos constatado (y otros también lo han hecho) y sufrido la dispersión y la difícil localización de los artículos científicos, libros e informes que abordan la temática indígena del país. Esta situación frena los avances en estos campos, pues casi todos los investigadores, tanto nacionales como extranjeros, tienen la sensación de partir casi de cero y de contribuir muy poco con la acumula­ ción de conocimientos. Con esta modesta compilación, nuestro sueño es intentar acabar con esta dispersión y apoyar las investigaciones de calidad en el país. Una pasión. Durante nuestro caminar, los pueblos origina­ rios han contribuido a llenar de sentido nuestras vidas. Aunque seamos wagas, sulias o negöon, hemos compartido durante años con familias y comunidades indígenas que nos han tratado con dignidad, respeto y cariño. Nuestras familias indígenas han compartido su comida, su lengua y su casa con nosotros en un acto de gran generosidad. La pasión que nos ha guiado en este camino la hemos querido plasmar en el trabajo que les presentamos. ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO El objetivo de esta propuesta ha sido ayudar a construir una base de datos bibliográfica de referencia a nivel nacional e internacional sobre los pueblos indígenas de Panamá. 8 PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS EN PANAMÁ:UNA BIBLIOGRAFÍA INTRODUCCIÓN Al iniciar este trabajo tomamos dos decisiones: Por un lado, decidimos no incluir las referencias bibliográficas sobre grupos extintos, como los pueblos cueva, páparo o doraz, que habitaron el país en el pasado. Por el otro, acordamos no abarcar los estudios sobre las sociedades afrodescendientes del país. Aunque se trata de minorías étnicas culturalmente diferencia­ das y organizadas, nuestro conocimiento sobre su realidad es limitado, dado que nuestra experiencia investigadora siempre ha sido con poblaciones indígenas. Sin embargo, desde este espacio queremos animar a los profesionales y académicos familiarizados con la realidad de las comunidades afrodes­ cendientes de Panamá a trabajar en una compilación sobre su literatura. Aunque su volumen no es comparable al de las etnografías indígenas, somos plenamente conscientes de la necesidad de visibilizar esta producción. Durante las últimas décadas el interés por los pueblos indíge­ nas ha aumentado en Panamá. Sin embargo no ha venido acompañado por la habilitación
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