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This Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation Has Been Downloaded from the King’S Research Portal At A critical edition of the Anglo-Saxon Lacnunga in BL MS Harley 585. Pettit, Edward Thomas Download date: 10. Oct. 2021 \Jo I.WAL 3/3 _- UNWERS1TY OF LONDON THESIS Degree Year Name of Author ) ETI t , T. COPYRIGHT This is a thesis accepted for a Higher Degree of the University of London. It is an unpublished typescript and the copyright is held by the author. All persons consulting the thesis must read and abide by the Copyright Declaration below. COPYRIGHT DECLARATION I recognise that the copyright of the above-described thesis rests with the author and that no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author. LOAN Theses may not be lent to individuals, but the University Library may lend a copy to approved libraries within the United Kingdom, for consultation solely on the premises of those libraries. Application should be made to: The Theses Section, University of London Library, Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU. REPRODUCTION University of London theses may not be reproduced without explicit written permission from the University of London Library. Enquiries should be addressed to the Theses Section of the Library. Regulations concerning reproduction vary according to the date of acceptance of the thesis and are listed below as guidelines. A. Before 1962. Permission granted only upon the prior written consent of the author. (The University Library will provide addresses where possible). B. 1962 - 1974. In many cases the author has agreed to permit copying upon completion of a Copyright Declaration. C. 1975 - 1988. Most theses may be copied upon completion of a Copyright Declaration. ID. 1989 onwards. Most theses may be copied. This thesis comes within category D. This copy has been deposited in the Library of ____________________________ This copy has been deposited in the University of London Library, Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU. 828 OLD ENGLISH GLOSSARY GENERAL REMARKS Entries are arranged alphabetically, with following ad before af, fr replaces ô throughout and is treated as one letter following t. Words prefixed ge- are alphabetised under the first letter of their unprefixed forms. Plant names beginning with the article se/seo are aiphabetised under the first letter of their noun element. References are to line numbers. All the OE words in Lacn. are recorded, but only select line references and citations of particular forms are given. With the exception of plant names, for which all line references are given, and in addition to any cited forms, if a word occurs ten times or less all the line references are given; if a word occurs more than ten times then the first five line references are given and this curtailment is marked by &c. Individual forms are cited when they are of special interest or difficulty, and/or to demonstrate the range of variant spellings to be found in a particular word. Cross-references do not cover forms which present no special difficulty to a reader already familiar with late OE morphology. Nouns and adjectives are entered as headwords in the nom. sg. (adjectives in the masculine of the strong declension). Where the hcadword - or in the case of nouns an equivalent acc. sg. form, and in adjectives an equivalent nom. or acc. sg . form - does not occur in the text, the form of the headword is deduced from the commonest spelling of the word's other attested forms, or failing that from the speffing that comes first alphabetically, where there is a choice of more than one headword the commonest spelling from among eligible forms is chosen, or, failing that, again the one which precedes alphabetically; in a very few instances an exceptional and probably erroneous form is not given as the headword (e.g. nom. sg. cearfihle is entered under cyrfi lie). When a headword is not found in the text it is enclosed by angular brackets <>. The grammatical gender of nouns is enclosed by square brackets 1] when it cannot be determined from the forms of the word found in Lacn. but has to be inferred by analogy pIDL. \ 829 with other words with the same final word element or suffix in Lacn., or with attestations in other OE texts. The order of citation of noun forms is singular before plural, and the case order nominative before accusative, genitive, and dative; additionally in adjectives and pronouns, masculine gender precedes feminine and neuter, positive degree precedes comparative and superlative, and the strong adjectival declension precedes the weak. Occasionally where there may be difficulty in reconciling a plant name's morphological case (or number) with the presumed syntax, the syntactically expected case is given first and followed within square brackets by its morphological category, e.g. 1. 125 betonican might syntactically be expected to be nom., and furthermore, in view of preceding nouns in the list, sg., but morphologically it is either acc. sg. or nom. p1. - thus it is defined as nom.sg. [acc.sg. or (i')nom.pl.]. See further on this difficult issue Language section 6.i. In verbs the class of strong declension is indicated by an arabic numeral afler the headword, weak verb class being indicated by a roman numeral. Verbal number is indicated by 1, 2, or 3. In verbs the order of citation is present tense before past tense and infinitive before indicative, subjunctive, imperative, present and past participles and participial adjectives, with singular preceding plural within each category. Words in the OE gloss to the Lorica of Laidcenn (LL.) (Entry LXV) are followed by the corresponding Lat lemmata and its line number, both of which are enclosed by round brackets Q. Abbreviations are expanded silently, but emended forms - where cited and not in headwords - appear with square brackets as in the text Lat. words are not glossed except when they appear as loanwords in the OE text Vowel lengths are not indicated. 830 GRAMMATICAL ABBRIWIATIONS absol. absolute (as opposed to conjunct) rnasc. masculine form of the Oh verb neut. neuter acc. accusative norn. nominative adj. adjective nurn. numeral adv. adverb ord. ordinal anorn. anomalous pa.ptc. past participle card cardinal pass. passive comp. comparative pers. person coni. conjunction p1. plural correl. correlative poss. possessive dat. dative prep. preposition dern. demonstrative pres. present tense fern. feminine pres.ptc. present participle fut. future tense (Oh verb) pret. preterite/past tense gen. gemtive pret.-pres. preterite-present verb irnp. imperative pron. pronoun impers. impersonal rel. relative md indicative sg. singular indecL indeclinable sir. strong mndef indefinite subj. subjunctive infin. infinitive subst. substantive infi. inflected super!, superlative instr. instrumental trans. transitive interj. inteijection voc. vocative intrans. intransitive w. with bc. locative wk weak 831 SYMBOLS <> enclosing headword : the headword is not found in the text. * before headword : the word is otherwise unattested in OE. • before headword: the word is found more than once in rowHE.2. ELSE. iN (*) before headword : the word is otherwise found in OE only in one or more glosses. 0 before headword : within Lacn. the word is found only in the Lacn. OE gloss to LL. 0 before headword: the word is found only in the OE glosses to LL. (including the OE gloss to LL. in Cambr. MS). t before headword: the word is found only or mainly in verse (according to CH). • before headword : within Lacn. the word is found only in verse. (N) after line number: see note(s) in the Commentary. 832 NOTE ON TilE IDENTIFICATION OF OLD ENGLISH PLANT NAMES My main source of reference for this problematic task has been the three-volume OE plant name dictionary of Peter Bierbaumer (Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen [1975-9]), volume two of which attempts to identily the plants named in Lacn.', though I have not always followed its identifications or adopted the modern English names it applies to the Lat. scientific classifications (the more significant differences being covered by notes in the Commentary). A full-scale re-examination of the botanical lexicon of Lacn., however, has been thought to be beyond the scope of the present undertaking. Wherever possible I have standardized the Lat. and the modern English plant names to agree with those of my principle source of botanical reference, M. Blarney & C. Grey-Wilson's The illustrated Flora of Britain and Northern Europe [1989], which in the latter case follows (p. 10) "those in English Names of Wild Flowers (Botanical Society of the British Isles, 1980), which set out to standardize usage of common names of British wild flowers". Other works I have found valuable are: OED, Clapham, Tutin, & Moore Flora of the British Isles [1989], Geoffiey Grigson The Englishman's Flora [1958], Gualtiero Sinionetti The Macdonald Encyclopedia of Herbs and Spices [1991], J. Richard Stracke The Laud Herbal Glossary [1972], H. J. de Vriend The Old English Herbarium and Medicina de Quadrupedibus [1984], Tony Hunt Plant Names ofMcdi eva! England [1989] (on ME plant names), M.L. Cameron Anglo-Saxon Medicine [1993]2, a number of more specialised articles by D'Aronco [1988], Kitson [1988], Sauer [1992], and Cameron [1992], and DOE (fliscicles A, £, B, C, and D), (note, however, that DOEs unfortunate omission of Lat. 1 Although Bierb2 deals specifically with Lacn. (as well as OEHerb and PD) in order to asceitain the modem English names of the plants Bieil,aumer proposes, it is very often necessary to refer to the discussion of the same OE plant names in Bierbi (on BLch and LchBk3). 2 mefollowingremarksbyCameron [1993: 116] arewoith quoting: It aeasa that even in Anglo-Saxon times different plants were given the same or similar names at different times and in different places, so that the Mglo-Saxons themselves seem to have been somotimes confused in their identification.
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