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Anogeissus Acuminata (Roxb) Wall Ex Bedd in Vitro
International Journal of Complementary & Alternative Medicine Review Article Open Access Detection of free radical scavenging activity of dhaura, anogeissus acuminata (roxb) wall ex bedd in vitro Abstract Volume 12 Issue 4 - 2019 The free radical inhibitory activity of Dhaura, Anogeissus acuminata extracted in chloroform, ethanol and water was investigated in vitro. The DPPH inhibition by the Ganesh Chandra Jagetia, Zairempuii different stem extract depended on the concentration and the ethanol extract was found Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, India to be the most potent as the lower concentration of it was most effective in scavenging Correspondence: Ganesh Chandra Jagetia, Department of different free radicals. The analysis of superoxide radical scavenging activity showed that Zoology, Mizoram University, India, Email the aqueous extract was most effective when compared to chloroform and ethanol extracts. The different extracts of Dhaura also inhibited the generation of nitric oxide radical Received: August 5, 2019 | Published: August 27, 2019 depending on its concentration and maximum effect was observed at 200μg/ml. Our study indicates that free radical scavenging activity of Dhaura affirms the medicinal use by the practitioners of folklore medicine. Keywords: anogeissus acuminata, DPPH, superoxide, nitric oxide, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, mitochondria Abbreviations: EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; enlargement of spleen cold, dysuria, cough, excessive perspiration, 15 NBT, nitrobluetetrazolium; TCA, trichloroacetic acid; NED, N–(1– cholera, urinary disorders, snake bite and in scorpion sting. The Naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride gum produced by Dhaura is called Ghatti or Indian gum and is used as a tonic after delivery.15,16 The preclinical studies have shown the Introduction alleviation of alloxan–induced diabetes in rats.17. -
Pharmacoinformatics and UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-Based Phytochemical Screening of Combretum Indicum Against Oxidative Stress and Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Long–Evans Rats
molecules Article Pharmacoinformatics and UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-Based Phytochemical Screening of Combretum indicum against Oxidative Stress and Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Long–Evans Rats Md. Shaekh Forid 1, Md. Atiar Rahman 2,* , Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi 3, Md. Nazim Uddin 4 , Tapashi Ghosh Roy 5 , Milon Chandra Mohanta 6 , AKM Moyeenul Huq 7,* and Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria 8,* 1 Department of Pharmacy, School of Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh; [email protected] 2 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh 3 Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia; [email protected] 4 Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh; [email protected] 5 Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; [email protected] 6 Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; [email protected] 7 Citation: Forid, M.S.; Rahman, M.A.; Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A, Green Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh Aluwi, M.F.F.M.; Uddin, M.N.; Roy, 8 Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, T.G.; Mohanta, M.C.; Huq, A.M.; UPM Serdang, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia Amiruddin Zakaria, Z. * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.A.R.); [email protected] (A.M.H.); [email protected] (Z.A.Z.); Pharmacoinformatics and UPLC- Tel.: +880-3126-060011-4 (M.A.R.); +880-1906-790224 (A.M.H.); +60-1-9211-7090 (Z.A.Z.) QTOF/ESI-MS-Based Phytochemical Screening of Combretum indicum Abstract: This research investigated a UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-based phytochemical profiling of Com- against Oxidative Stress and bretum indicum leaf extract (CILEx), and explored its in vitro antioxidant and in vivo antidiabetic Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in effects in a Long–Evans rat model. -
TAXON:Conocarpus Erectus L. SCORE:5.0 RATING:Evaluate
TAXON: Conocarpus erectus L. SCORE: 5.0 RATING: Evaluate Taxon: Conocarpus erectus L. Family: Combretaceae Common Name(s): button mangrove Synonym(s): Conocarpus acutifolius Willd. ex Schult. buttonwood Conocarpus procumbens L. Sea mulberry Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 30 Jul 2018 WRA Score: 5.0 Designation: EVALUATE Rating: Evaluate Keywords: Tropical Tree, Naturalized, Coastal, Pure Stands, Water-Dispersed Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 n outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 y 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 n Creation Date: 30 Jul 2018 (Conocarpus erectus L.) Page 1 of 17 TAXON: Conocarpus erectus L. -
Assorted Variety of Genuine Mangrove and Their Partners in East Drift Locale
International Journal of Botany Studies International Journal of Botany Studies ISSN: 2455-541X Impact Factor: RJIF 5.12 www.botanyjournals.com Volume 3; Issue 5; September 2018; Page No. 20-24 Assorted variety of genuine mangrove and their partners in east drift locale of Pichavaram Tamil Nadu India and improve to change of mangrove plants, and its remedial properties with a mangrove knowledgebase Kumaravel S1, Vinoth R2, Ranganathan R3* 1-3 Division of mangrove physiology lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract Mangroves are embraced with exceptional adjustment to outrageous conditions in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. It has a rich wellspring of auxiliary metabolites. The present investigation centres the assorted variety status examination of genuine mangroves and their partners in pichavaram and its environment. By guide field perception and examining to adjacent occupants. From the perception the decent variety level fluctuates starting with one place then onto the next, because of some natural factors, for example, atmospheres, tidal variables, shortage of learning about mangroves to the informed and town people groups and anthropogenic weights and so on it can instigate mangrove assorted variety harm and misfortune, decrease the human important items which is gotten from mangrove timberland. Must know the exact information from past examines, researchers, logical fields like morphology, life structures, physiology, Scientific classification, Biology, development stages, proliferation levels, and so on. Comprehend between the living space factors and propensity nature can help to dispersing by species required situations, it can normally incite self-insurance level high in plants itself. -
Components from the Leaves and Twigs of Mangrove Lumnitzera Racemosa with Anti-Angiogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects
marine drugs Article Components from the Leaves and Twigs of Mangrove Lumnitzera racemosa with Anti-Angiogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects Szu-Yin Yu 1,†, Shih-Wei Wang 1,2,† , Tsong-Long Hwang 3,4,5 , Bai-Luh Wei 6, Chien-Jung Su 1, Fang-Rong Chang 1,7,* and Yuan-Bin Cheng 1,8,* 1 Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; [email protected] (S.-Y.Y.); [email protected] (S.-W.W.); [email protected] (C.-J.S.) 2 Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan 3 Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, and Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; [email protected] 4 Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan 5 Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan 6 Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, Taitung 950, Taiwan; [email protected] 7 National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112, Taiwan 8 Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan * Correspondence: [email protected] (F.-R.C.); [email protected] (Y.-B.C.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2162) (F.-R.C.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2197) (Y.-B.C.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Received: 5 October 2018; Accepted: 23 October 2018; Published: 25 October 2018 Abstract: One new neolignan, racelactone A (1), together with seven known compounds (2−8) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves and twigs of Lumnitzera racemosa. -
Diversity Complex of Plant Species Spread in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Vol. 8(12), pp. 334-350, December 2016 DOI: 10.5897/IJBC2016.1016 Article Number: ACDA83761991 International Journal of Biodiversity ISSN 2141-243X Copyright © 2016 and Conservation Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC Full Length Research Paper Diversity complex of plant species spread in Nasarawa State, Nigeria Kwon-Ndung, E. H., Akomolafe, G. F.*, Goler, E. E., Terna, T. P., Ittah, M.A., Umar, I.D., Okogbaa, J. I., Waya, J. I. and Markus, M. Department of Botany, Federal University, Lafia, PMB 146, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Received 12 July, 2016; Accepted 15 October, 2016 This research was carried out to assess the plant species diversity in Nasarawa State, Nigeria with a view to obtain an accurate database and inventory of the naturally occurring plant species in the state for reference and research purposes. This preliminary report covers a total of nine local government areas in the state. The work involved intensive survey and visits to the sample sites for this exercise. The diversity status of each plant and the distribution across the state were also determined using standard method. A total of number of 244 plant species belonging to 57 plant families were identified out of which the families, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Combretaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae and Papilionaceae were the most highly distributed across the entire study area. There was great extent of diversity in the distribution of plants across all the areas sampled with the highest in Wamba LGA. The most predominant food crop across the state was Sorgum spp. followed by Sesame indica and then Zea mays. -
Medicinal Plants of Karnataka
Detailed information on Medicinal Plants of Karnataka SL. Threat Season of System of Botanical Name Family Vernacular name Habit Habitat Part used Used for Mode of Propagation Trade information No. Status Reproduction Medicine Flowerin Fruiting g 1 Ablemoschus crinitis Wall. Malvaceae No Herb North canara Rare 0 0 Whole Plant dysentry and Gravel Complaints AUS and F Seeds 2 Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Malvaceae Bende kayi(Kan), Herb Bangalore,Coorg,Mysore,raichur Cultivable 0 0 Leaf, Fruit, Seed Fruit used as a plasma replacement or blood volume Ayu, Siddha, Seeds Moench Bhinda, Vendaikkai expander,also used for vata, pitta, debility.Immature capsules Unani, Folk (Tam) emollient, demulcent and diuretic, Seeds stimulent, Cardiac and 3 Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik Malvaceae No Herb Chickmagalur, Hassan, North kanara, Very 0 0 Bark emmenagogueantispasmodic Diarrhoea,leucorrhoea, aphrodisiac Folk Seeds Shimoga common 4 Abelmoschus moschatus Medik Malvaceae Latha Kasturi(Kan), Herb Chickmagalur, Coorg,Hassan,Mysore, Cultivable 0 0 Seed,Root,Leaf Seed used for Disease of Ayu, Siddha, 1.Seeds 2. Kaattu kasturi(Tam) North kanara, face,distaste,anorexia,diarrhoea,cardiac Unani, Folk Vegetative: through disease,cough,dysponia,polyuria,spermatorrhoea,eye disease, cuttings. seed musk used as stimulent,leaf and root used for Headache,veneral diseases,pyrexia,gastric and Skin disease 5 Abrus fruticulosus Wall.ex Wt. & Papilionaceae Angaravallika(San), Climbing Chickmagalore,Hassan,North 0 0 0 Root,leaf,seed Roots diuretic,tonic and emetic. Seeds used in infections of Ayu, Siddha, Arn. Venkundri or shrub kanara,Shimoga,South kanara nervous system, Seed paste applied locally in sciatica,stiffness Unani, Folk Vidathari(Tam) of sholder joints and paralysis 6 Abrus precatorius L. -
Terminalia Buceras: Black Olive1 Edward F
ENH261 Terminalia buceras: Black Olive1 Edward F. Gilman, Dennis G. Watson, Ryan W. Klein, Andrew K. Koeser, Deborah R. Hilbert, and Drew C. McLean2 Introduction Though commonly called `Black olive tree’, this native of the upper Florida Keys (some consider it native, others do not) is not the edible olive we know and love, but does produce a small, black seed-capsule. Black olive is a 40 to 50-foot-tall evergreen tree with a smooth trunk holding up strong, wind-resistant branches, forming a pyramidal shape when young but developing a very dense, full, oval to rounded crown with age. Sometimes the top of the crown will flatten with age, and the tree grows horizontally. The lush, dark green, leathery leaves are two to four inches long and clustered at branch tips, sometimes mixed with the 1/4 to 1 ½-inch-long spines found along the branches. General Information Scientific name: Terminalia buceras Pronunciation: ter-mih-NAIL-ee-uh bew-SER-azz Common name(s): black olive, oxhorn bucida Family: Combretaceae USDA hardiness zones: 10B through 11 (Figure 2) Origin: native to the West Indies Figure 1. Full Form - Terminalia buceras: black olive UF/IFAS Invasive Assessment Status: Caution, may be Credits: UF/IFAS recommended but manage to prevent escape (South); Not considered a problem species at this time, may be recom- Uses: hedge; reclamation; street without sidewalk; shade; mended (North and Central) specimen; tree lawn 4–6 feet wide; tree lawn > 6 ft wide; urban tolerant; highway median; indoors 1. This document is ENH261, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, UF/IFAS Extension. -
Chapter 6 ENUMERATION
Chapter 6 ENUMERATION . ENUMERATION The spermatophytic plants with their accepted names as per The Plant List [http://www.theplantlist.org/ ], through proper taxonomic treatments of recorded species and infra-specific taxa, collected from Gorumara National Park has been arranged in compliance with the presently accepted APG-III (Chase & Reveal, 2009) system of classification. Further, for better convenience the presentation of each species in the enumeration the genera and species under the families are arranged in alphabetical order. In case of Gymnosperms, four families with their genera and species also arranged in alphabetical order. The following sequence of enumeration is taken into consideration while enumerating each identified plants. (a) Accepted name, (b) Basionym if any, (c) Synonyms if any, (d) Homonym if any, (e) Vernacular name if any, (f) Description, (g) Flowering and fruiting periods, (h) Specimen cited, (i) Local distribution, and (j) General distribution. Each individual taxon is being treated here with the protologue at first along with the author citation and then referring the available important references for overall and/or adjacent floras and taxonomic treatments. Mentioned below is the list of important books, selected scientific journals, papers, newsletters and periodicals those have been referred during the citation of references. Chronicles of literature of reference: Names of the important books referred: Beng. Pl. : Bengal Plants En. Fl .Pl. Nepal : An Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal Fasc.Fl.India : Fascicles of Flora of India Fl.Brit.India : The Flora of British India Fl.Bhutan : Flora of Bhutan Fl.E.Him. : Flora of Eastern Himalaya Fl.India : Flora of India Fl Indi. -
The Long and Winding Road Toward Lumnitzera Eradication: Common Questions and Answers by Jennifer Possley, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden
ECISMA NEWSLETTER VOLUME 5 JULY 2014 The long and winding road toward Lumnitzera eradication: common questions and answers by Jennifer Possley, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden The green, capsule-like fruit of Lumnitzera racemosa floats and Flowers of Lumnitzera racemosa. (Photo by Dennis Giardina, FWC) contains a single seed. (Photo by Jennifer Possley, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden) 2014 marks the sixth year in the drawn interest from numerous plant five-petaled, and emerge in the fall. Everglades Cooperative Invasive biologists and ecologists, both local The fruits are buoyant, single-seeded Species Management Area (ECISMA) and out-of-state. Below are the five green capsules which look similar to effort to eradicate Lumnitzera most commonly asked questions: those of the native white mangrove. Unlike the native black, white, and red racemosa from the mangroves 1. What do the fruit/seeds look like, and mangrove species, Lumnitzera fruits are surrounding Fairchild Tropical Botanic how are they dispersed? not viviparous (seedling development Garden and Matheson Hammock Lumnitzera flowers are small, white, Park. This Asian mangrove escaped from cultivation at Fairchild and produced tens of thousands of seedlings that went unnoticed for decades, in part because Lumnitzera looks very similar to the native white mangrove. On January 24 and March 13 of 2014, ECISMA held additional volunteer workdays, during which more than two dozen hard-working volunteers came from seven agencies to survey for outliers and remove hundreds of stems from the infested area. Lumnitzera eradicating does not depend on volunteer efforts alone. Thanks to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC), funding was provided to employ private exotic plant control contractors in 2010, 2012 and 2014. -
ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN No. 256 CAYS of the BELIZE
ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN No. 256 CAYS OF THE BELIZE BARRIER REEF AND LAGOON by D . R. Stoddart, F. R. Fosberg and D. L. Spellman Issued by THE SMlTHSONlAN INSTITUTION Washington, D. C., U.S.A. April 1982 CONTENTS List of Figures List of Plates i i Abstract 1 1. Introduction 2 2. Structure and environment 5 3. Sand cays of the northern barrier reef 9 St George's East Cay Paunch Cay Sergeant' s Cay Curlew Cay Go£ f ' s Cay Seal Cay English Cay Sandbore south of English Cay Samphire Spot Rendezvous Cay Jack's Cays Skiff Sand Cay Glory Tobacco Cay South Water Cay Carrie Bow Cay Curlew Cay 5. Sand cays of the southern barrier reef 23 Silk or Queen Cays North Silk Cay Middle Silk Cay Sauth Silk Cay Samphire Cay Round Cay Pompion Cay Ranguana Cay North Spot Tom Owen's Cay Tom Owen's East Cay Tom Owen's West Cay Cays between Tom Owen's Cays and Northeast Sapodilla Cay The Sapodilla Cays Northeast Sapodilla Cay Frank 's Cays Nicolas Cay Hunting Cay Lime Cay Ragged Cay Seal Cays 5. Cays of the barrier reef lagoon A. The northern lagoon Ambergris Cay Cay Caulker Cay Chapel St George ' s Cay Cays between Cay Chapel and Belize ~ohocay Stake Bank Spanish Lookout Cay Water Cay B. The Southern Triangles Robinson Point Cay Robinson Island Spanish Cay C. Cays of the central lagoon Tobacco Range Coco Plum Cay Man-o '-War Cay Water Range Weewee Cay Cat Cay Lagoon cays between Stewart Cay and Baker's Rendezvous Jack's Cay Buttonwood Cay Trapp 's Cay Cary Cay Bugle Cay Owen Cay Scipio Cay Colson Cay Hatchet Cay Little Water Cay Laughing Bird Cay Placentia Cay Harvest Cay iii D. -
Environmental Tolerances of Rare and Common Mangroves Along Light and Salinity Gradients
Oecologia DOI 10.1007/s00442-015-3408-1 COMMUNITY ECOLOGY - ORIGINAL RESEARCH Environmental tolerances of rare and common mangroves along light and salinity gradients Emily M. Dangremond1,2 · Ilka C. Feller2 · Wayne P. Sousa1 Received: 19 November 2014 / Accepted: 21 July 2015 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 Abstract Although mangroves possess a variety of responded less to variation in light and salinity. However, at morphological and physiological adaptations for life in a high salinity, its relative growth rate was low at every light stressful habitat, interspecific differences in survival and level and none of these plants flushed leaves. As predicted, growth under different environmental conditions can shape the rare species, Pelliciera rhizophorae, was the most sen- their local and geographic distributions. Soil salinity and sitive to environmental stressors, suffering especially high light are known to affect mangrove performance, often mortality and reduced growth and quantum yield under the in an interactive fashion. It has also been hypothesized combined conditions of high light and medium–high salin- that mangroves are intrinsically shade intolerant due to ity. That it only thrives under shaded conditions represents the high physiological cost of coping with saline flooded an important exception to the prevailing belief that halo- soils. To evaluate the relationship between stress toler- phytes are intrinsically constrained to be shade intolerant. ance and species distributions, we compared responses of seedlings of three widespread mangrove species and one Keywords Mangrove · Distribution · Rarity · Stress narrow endemic mangrove species in a factorial array tolerance · Pelliciera rhizophorae of light levels and soil salinities in an outdoor laboratory experiment.