DOCSLIB.ORG

Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Responsible Domestic Robotics: Exploring Ethical Implications of Robots in the Home Journal: Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Manuscript ID JICES-12-2018-0096.R1 Manuscript Type: Journal Paper Keywords: Robotics, Trust, Privacy, Social responsibility, Human-comp interaction Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Page 1 of 36 Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society 1 2 3 4 5 Responsible Domestic Robotics 6 7 Exploring Ethical Implications of Robots in the Home 8 9 Dr Lachlan D. Urquhart 10 11 Lecturer in Technology Law, School of Law, University of Edinburgh; Visiting Research Fellow, Horizon 12 Digital Economy Research Institute, Department of Computer Science, University of Nottingham. 13 14 Dominic Reedman-Flint 15 16 PhD Student, Horizon Centre for Doctoral Training, University of Nottingham, Department of Computer 17 Science. 18 19 20 Natalie Leesakul 21 22 PhD Student, Horizon Centre for Doctoral Training, University of Nottingham, Department of Computer 23 Science. 24 25 26 27 Abstract: 28 29 Purpose: The vision of robotics in the home promises increased convenience, comfort, 30 companionship, and greater security for users. The robot industry risks causing harm to 31 32 users, being rejected by society at large, or being regulated in overly prescriptive ways if 33 robots are not developed in a socially responsible manner. The purpose of this paper is to 34 explore some of the challenges and requirements for designing responsible domestic 35 robots. 36 37 38 Design/methodology/approach: The paper examines definitions of robotics and the 39 current commercial state of the art. In particular it considers the emerging technological 40 trends, such as smart homes, that are already embedding computational agents in the fabric 41 42 of everyday life. The paper then explores the role of values in design, aligning with human 43 computer interaction and considers the importance of the home as a deployment setting for 44 robots. The paper examines what responsibility in robotics means and draws lessons from 45 46 past home information technologies. 47 48 An exploratory pilot survey was conducted to understand user concerns about different 49 aspects of domestic robots such as form, privacy and trust. The paper provides these 50 findings, married with literature analysis from across technology law, computer ethics and 51 52 computer science. 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Page 2 of 36 1 2 3 Findings: By drawing together both empirical observations and conceptual analysis, this 4 5 paper concludes that user centric design is needed to create responsible domestic robotics 6 in the future. 7 8 9 10 Originality/value: This multidisciplinary paper provides conceptual and empirical 11 12 research from different domains to unpack the challenges of designing responsible 13 domestic robotics. 14 15 Keywords: Domestic Robotics, Cyber-Physical Systems, Internet of Things, 16 Responsibility, Regulation/Governance, Law, Trust. 17 18 19 Paper Type: Research Paper (Conceptual; Literature Review and Empirical Findings) 20 21 1. Introduction: The Robots are Coming 22 23 The vision of robotics in the home promise increased convenience, comfort, 24 companionship, and greater security for users. However, the reality, and impact on users, 25 26 may not always meet this vision. Fears of robot uprisings are peppered throughout decades 27 of science fiction literature and film (Higbie, 2013). However, visions of technological 28 futures often say more about the period they were written in, than actually forecasting what 29 30 futures might emerge (Reeves, 2012), as we have seen with computer science research into 31 ‘ubicomp’ (Bell and Dourish, 2006). Whilst popular science and cultural visions of robots 32 may not have fully emerged, computational agents have most definitely left the lab and 33 34 entered daily life in a variety of forms. The Internet of Things (IoT) is incrementally 35 making homes smarter by embedding networked, ambient technologies with varying 36 degrees of autonomy into the physical and social fabric of domestic life. These devices can 37 be for security (smart CCTV and locks), comfort (smart bulbs and thermostats) and 38 39 entertainment (conversational agents in smart speakers). These artefacts may not all be 40 ‘robots’ in the popular sense of the word, but they are restructuring interactions, social 41 order and relationships in the home. As domestic service robot technologies advance and 42 43 become more commercially accessible, the smart home will have already changed the 44 domestic setting and laid the groundwork for robots to assimilate. Accordingly, they need 45 to learn from mistakes being made with smart homes, including being designed in more 46 47 user centric ways. It is important to understand user concerns and respond to these 48 accordingly, to create a more sustainable domestic robot future. 49 50 51 Our paper structure firstly explores changing definitions of domestic robots before 52 considering human computer interaction perspectives on value sensitive, user centric and 53 contextually aware design in the home. Secondly, we unpack the nature of responsibility, 54 55 arguing roboticists need to understand and respond to user concerns. This often does not 56 occur currently, creating technologies unfit for purpose and disruptive to the social order 57 58 2 59 60 Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Page 3 of 36 Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society 1 2 3 of the home. We conclude by presenting user concerns from our small-scale exploratory 4 5 survey, focusing particularly on trust, privacy and form of robots as key hurdles for creating 6 responsible domestic robotics. 7 8 9 10 2. Definitions 11 12 Standards are a good place to start navigating a definition of domestic robots, as they can 13 show what multiple stakeholder consensus is around a topic. The International Federation 14 of Robotics/ United Nations Economic Commission for Europe were influential in 15 16 classifying robots, culminating in the ISO standard 8373:2012 on Robots and Robotic 17 devices. This standard differentiates between, among others, industrial, mobile, service, 18 personal service and professional service robots. According to them, a robot is “an actuated 19 20 mechanism programmable in two or more axes with a degree of autonomy, moving within 21 its environment, to perform intended tasks. Autonomy in this context means the ability to 22 perform intended tasks based on current state and sensing, without human intervention” 23 24 (ISO 8373, s2.08). We focus on ‘service robots,’ which are ‘robot[s] that perform useful 25 tasks for humans or equipment excluding industrial automation applications’ (ISO 8373, 26 s2.10) and particularly the sub category of ‘personal service robots’; “service robots for 27 28 personal use…used for a non-commercial task, usually by lay persons… (i.e.) domestic 29 servant robot, automated wheelchair, personal mobility assist robot, and pet exercising 30 robot” (ISO 8373, s2.11). As we can see, these definitions foreground the materiality of 31 32 the artefact (i.e. being able to actuate physically), the varying degrees of autonomy they 33 possess to shape the environment, the relationship of utility to humans, and the split 34 between industrial and personal. 35 36 If we look more widely, by turning to academic sources we see robots framed slightly 37 38 differently. For Mataric, (2007, p. 2) "a robot is an autonomous system which exists in the 39 physical world, can sense its environment, and can act on it to achieve some goals". Bryson 40 and Winfield state robots are “artefacts that sense and act in the physical world in real 41 42 time” and they state a smartphone counts as a robot as it can sense when its falling or 43 orientation changes (Bryson and Winfield, 2017, p117). Both definitions encapsulate the 44 ability to act in the physical world, but don’t necessarily prescribe the robots as being 45 46 physical themselves. In providing a more design orientated definition for domestic robots, 47 Bartneck and Forlizzi (2004, p. 2) highlight the interactional aspects, stating “a domestic 48 robot is an autonomous or semi-autonomous robot that interacts and communicates with 49 50 humans by following the behavioural norms expected by the people with whom the robot 51 is intended to interact’’. This definition foregrounds the interactional aspect, and 52 particularly to what extent robots fit into pre-existing norms and contexts. All of the above 53 54 perspectives feature in EU legal discussions around civil liability for robots, which 55 recommend defining ‘smart robots’ by focusing on the attributes of: 56 57 58 3 59 60 Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society Page 4 of 36 1 2 3 " – the capacity to acquire autonomy through sensors and/or by exchanging data with its 4 5 environment (inter-connectivity) and the analysis of those data; 6 7 – the capacity to learn through experience and interaction; 8 9 – the form of the robot’s physical support; 10 11 – the capacity to adapt its behaviour and actions to the environment." 12 (European Parliament, 2017, p. 18) 13 14 15 However, in defining robots, neatly separating them from interactive AI becomes a 16 challenge e.g. human-agent collectives, IBM Watson, Google Duplex, DeepMind AlphaGo 17 etc. Whilst some definitions above focus on the physicality of robots, they do not exclude 18 19 non-physical, more ethereal robots that actuate in the real world. Given the current trend 20 towards smart homes with integration of more ethereal devices not providing physical 21 interactions, but cognitive support, there is a case for considering interactive AI too.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Investor Allstars Brochure 2015.Pdf
    1 OCTOBER 2015 – THE LANCASTER, LONDON www.investorallstars.com #investorallstars 1 Welcome 2015 – The Year ofthe Unicorn! If last year was defined by a series of high-profile exits, 2015 has seen a shift towards entrepreneurs raising vast rounds of capital for long-term growth. No longer are our talented entrepreneurs satisfied with $100 million trade sales. Many are choosing to stay independent for longer and create global leaders of unprecedented scale. The European digital ecosystem will look back on this as ‘The Year of the Unicorn’ – the moment when European unicorns started reaching globally competitive valuations. Our audience tonight has played a major role in nurturing the $40 billion+ companies charging across Europe, and it is fantastic to see mega-funds such as KKR, General Atlantic, TCV and BlackRock now entrenched as a core part of the funding chain for fast-growth companies. Our standout companies are reaching scale faster than at any point in history – with the often-cited five years for Uber to create $10 billion of value vs 15 years for Microsoft to create $1 billion being replicated by our audience tonight – HelloFresh, BlaBlaCar, Spotify, Klarna, Avito, Funding Circle, JUST EAT… To support these disruptors, the funding ecosystem needs to evolve, and while we have many parts working efficiently, we still witness a strong dependence on the US for $50 million+ expansion rounds. Within five years I would love to see us pulling together to allow our star entrepreneurs the choice of raising locally or overseas. It is vital that we become better at raising awareness for some truly great achievements.
    [Show full text]
  • Deliberative Perception
    Deliberative Perception Venkatraman Narayanan CMU-RI-TR-17-67 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Robotics The Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 Thesis Committee Maxim Likhachev, Chair Martial Hebert Siddhartha S. Srinivasa Manuela M. Veloso Dieter Fox, University of Washington August 2017 COPYRIGHT © 2017 VENKATRAMAN NARAYANAN ii Abstract A recurrent and elementary robot perception task is to identify and localize objects of interest in the physical world. In many real-world situations such as in automated warehouses and assembly lines, this task entails localizing specific object instances with known 3D models. Most modern-day methods for the 3D multi-object local- ization task employ scene-to-model feature matching or regression/classification by learners trained on synthetic or real scenes. While these methods are typically fast in producing a result, they are often brittle, sensitive to occlusions, and depend on the right choice of features and/or training data. This thesis introduces and advocates a deliberative approach, where the multi-object localization task is framed as an optimization over the space of hypothesized scenes. We demonstrate that deliberative reasoning — such as understanding inter-object oc- clusions — is essential to robust perception, and that discriminative techniques can effectively guide such reasoning. The contributions of this thesis broadly fall under three parts: The first part, PErception via SeaRCH (PERCH) and its extension C-PERCH, formu- lates Deliberative Perception as an optimization over hypothesized scenes, and devel- ops an efficient tree search algorithm for the same. The second part focuses on accelerating global search through statistical learners, in the form of search heuristics (Discriminatively-guided Deliberative Perception), and by modulating the search-space (RANSAC-Trees).
    [Show full text]
  • The Fourth Industrial Revolution a Davos Reader
    The Fourth Industrial Revolution A Davos Reader FOREIGNAFFAIRS.COM Portrait by renowned illustrator Joseph Adolphe. WILMINGTON TRUST RENOWNED INSIGHT “In a world where knowledge is power, investment intelligence is the most valuable currency.” In the spirit of bringing intellectual Aligned impressions. Much capital to our clients, we recently of this spirited talk reaffirmed hosted a captivating conversation Wilmington Trust’s core narrative, between Foreign Affairs editor favoring U.S. stocks and the country’s Gideon Rose and Fareed Zakaria, “THE MIDDLE EAST CNN host and Washington Post IS NOT THAT columnist. The U.S. economy was the IMPORTANT TO THE GLOBAL ECONOMY.” first topic, and Rose was cautiously – Fareed Zakaria, October 2015 hopeful, noting that pessimism can negatively impact portfolios. dominant economy. In a low-return Tony M. Roth On global growth. Focusing environment, we see the preeminence of M.A., J.D., LL.M. (Tax) internationally, the two agreed current income. For bonds in particular, Chief Investment Officer China’s economy is growing slowly. we expect challenges to persist, yet see Tony brings more than 20 years However, Zakaria stressed that opportunity for yield to be a durable of experience to bear on client portfolios each and every day. economic barometers such as GDP part of total return. We recommend He leads the team that executes don’t capture intangibles such as portfolios have an allocation for our six-stage investment process, quality of life or internet access, adding emerging markets, but expect short- which features an innovative U.S. that the “information economy” term struggles with growth, inflation, sector equity allocation approach will revolutionize industries such as and currency depreciation.
    [Show full text]
  • Technology Readiness Level…. Robots
    Who We are………………………........... Theme 3: Most Advanced Technologies of Robots: • Presented by: An investigation of the most advance technologies for robots, both usefulness and novelties… How has Robots been improved and how it will revolutionize the World? – Glenn Lee • Robotics Lead Teacher (1999-present) and Coordinator (2003-present)-CTE Industrial Engineering Technology Career Pathway • STEM Learning Center Coordinator, Career Technical Education Coordinator, former Extended Learning Opportunity (ELO) Project Director, School Technology Cadre and Leadership Team, Fine Arts/PE/AV/CTE dept. head. • Degree in Electrical Engineering, minor in Math, M.B.A., Teaching Certificate in Secondary Education (Mathematics, Science, and Industrial Engineering & Technology) – Waialua, Hawaii and the Waialua Robotics Program • Established in August 1999 as part of a STEM initiative to encourage students to major in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. In 1999, only 1 student from the graduating class applied for an engineering program. • Waialua, Hawaii is a rural community Many of the current families living in Waialua are the results of agricultural industry which began in the early 1900s. During the late 1980s and into the 1990s, the sugar production decreased as increasing labor and production Pressented by: Waialua Robotics Program costs caused producers to move overseas. Many of the families brought to Waialua Student Participants-Research Project: Kobe Lunasco, Cody Miyataki, Megan during the sugar rush remained here and many of
    [Show full text]
  • Artificial Intelligence in Internet of Things
    CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology Review Article ISSN 2468-2322 Artificial intelligence in Internet of things Received on 6th July 2018 Revised on 27th September 2018 Accepted on 8th October 2018 doi: 10.1049/trit.2018.1008 www.ietdl.org Ashish Ghosh ✉, Debasrita Chakraborty, Anwesha Law Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata 700108, West Bengal, India ✉ E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Functioning of the Internet is persistently transforming from the Internet of computers (IoC) to the ‘Internet of things (IoT)’. Furthermore, massively interconnected systems, also known as cyber-physical systems (CPSs), are emerging from the assimilation of many facets like infrastructure, embedded devices, smart objects, humans, and physical environments. What the authors are heading to is a huge ‘Internet of Everything in a Smart Cyber Physical Earth’. IoT and CPS conjugated with ‘data science’ may emerge as the next ‘smart revolution’. The concern that arises then is to handle the huge data generated with the much weaker existing computation power. The research in data science and artificial intelligence (AI) has been striving to give an answer to this problem. Thus, IoT with AI can become a huge breakthrough. This is not just about saving money, smart things, reducing human effort, or any trending hype. This is much more than that – easing human life. There are, however, some serious issues like the security concerns and ethical issues which will go on plaguing IoT. The big picture is not how fascinating IoT with AI seems, but how the common people perceive it – a boon, a burden, or a threat.
    [Show full text]
  • 48 Real-Life Robots That Will Make You Think the Future Is Now Maggie Tillman and Adrian Willings | 29 May 2018
    ADVERTISEMENT Latest gadget reviews Best cable management Which Amazon Kindle? Best battery packs Search Pocket-lint search Home > Gadgets > Gadget news 48 real-life robots that will make you think the future is now Maggie Tillman and Adrian Willings | 29 May 2018 POCKET-LINT If you're anything like us, you probably can't wait for the day you can go to the store and easily (and cheaply) buy a robot to clean your house, wait on you and do whatever you want. We know that day is a long way off, but technology is getting better all the time. In fact, some high-tech companies have alreadyADVERTISEMENT developed some pretty impressive robots that make us feel like the future is here already. These robots aren't super-intelligent androids or anything - but hey, baby steps. From Honda to Google, scientists at companies across the world are working diligently to make real-life robots an actual thing. Their machines can be large, heavy contraptions filled with sensors and wires galore, while other ones are tiny, agile devices with singular purposes such as surveillance. But they're all most certainly real. Pocket-lint has rounded up real-life robots you can check out right now, with the purpose of getting you excited for the robots of tomorrow. These existing robots give us hope that one day - just maybe - we'll be able to ring a bell in order to call upon a personal robot minion to do our bidding. Let us know in the comments if you know others worth including.
    [Show full text]
  • Moley Robotics Press Release
    12.01.21 World’s First Robotic Kitchen Launched • Most advanced domestic robot ever – cooks from scratch and even cleans up afterwards • Six years research and testing with 100 strong design and engineering team • Incorporates Italian design with world-leading German technology • Choose from 5000 recipes or record your own using family favorites The world’s first robotic kitchen was showcased today at CES 2021 (Consumer Electronics Show), one of the world’s premier consumer technology shows. Created by British technology company, Moley Robotics, the system features a dexterous robot integrated into a luxury kitchen, that prepares freshly-cooked meals at the touch of a button. The Moley kitchen is the product of six years research and development by an international team of 100 engineers, product and luxury interior designers and three award-winning chefs. At the heart of the new technology are two robotic arms featuring fully-articulated ‘hands’, developed in collaboration with world-leading German robotic company SCHUNK, Moley’s exclusive hand partner. The product of 11 exhaustive development cycles they reliably reproduce the movements of human hands. This means the robot kitchen can retrieve ingredients from the smart fridge, adjust hob temperature, use the sink to fill pans and pour, mix and plate up just as a human cook would. The robot even cleans up after itself - without complaint! The Moley Robotics system does not cook like a machine – it captures human skills in motion. Tim Anderson, culinary innovator and winner of the prestigious BBC Master Chef competition (2011) played an integral role in the kitchen’s development, with his cooking techniques 3-D recorded then translated into elegant digital movement using bespoke algorithms.
    [Show full text]
  • Intelligent Robotic Arm
    ITM Web of Conferences 32, 01005 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20203201005 ICACC-2020 INTELLIGENT ROBOTIC ARM Prasad Ban1, Shweta Desale2, Revati Barge3 , Pallavi Chavan4 1Information Technology, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, MH, India 2Information Technology, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, MH, India 3Information Technology, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, MH, India 4Information Technology, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, MH, India Abstract.Regardless the abundance of technological robotic equipment’s present in the form of auto- mated Mechanical Robotic Arm, most of the citizens in India are not able to use those robots in their regular day to day life. This paper talks about the Intelligent robotic Arm (IRA) which is able to cook food dishes in an ordinary home environment. The robotic arm recognizes the utensils and ingredients required for the particular recipe. For object detection we have developed a system using OpenCV and Python which helps the robotic arm to recognize the correct ingredient and pick and drop it to appropriate utensil for cooking the required recipe. It involves automated tasks which the arm has to perform while commands are given to it for making the particular recipe. Our motivation is to help brilliant supplier robots that work by and large human environments ,automating continuous errands. In quest for this objective, we follow the universal apply autonomy worldview, in which savvy observation and control, are blended in with ubiquitous processing. By misusing sensors and effectors in its condition, a mechanical can work extra confused obligations other than turning out to be excessively perplexing itself.
    [Show full text]
  • Introducing the Potential Impact of Robotics and Service Automation in Tourism
    “Ovidius” University Annals, Economic Sciences Series Volume XVII, Issue 1 /2017 R-Tourism: Introducing the Potential Impact of Robotics and Service Automation in Tourism Papathanassis Alexis Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences, Germany [email protected] Abstract Robotics and artificial intelligence are expected to reach their ‘tipping points’ over the next decade. Digitalization and service automation are already visible in the tourism sector, raising questions on their wider impact on the industry and the holiday-experience per se. Numerous application examples and cases of those technologies across the entire holiday value-chain are outlined and their diffusion drivers are discussed. Apart from providing a typology for R-tourism applications, this paper makes a strong case for the incorporation of this interdisciplinary area into mainstream tourism research. Key words: tourism, service, robotics, automation J.E.L. Classification: L83, D73 1. Introduction: Henn Na Hotel – A Robotic Theme-Park or the Beginning or a New Era The concept of ‘Henn Na Hotel’ (http://www.h-n-h.jp/en/) in Japan underlines a commitment to introducing state-of-the art technologies in order to maximise excitement, efficiency and comfort for the guests. Amongst other innovations (e.g. voice- and face-recognition), this hotel is mainly staffed by robots. The reception is staffed by 3 multi-lingual robots (one of which is a talking dinosaur), responsible for greeting, checking-in and assisting guests. At the cloakroom, a robotic arm stores luggage, and porter robots carry them to the rooms. A standard room, accommodating 2 guests, costs between approx. €80 (Weekdays) and €250 (Weekends / Holidays) per night.
    [Show full text]
  • Responsible Domestic Robotics
    Edinburgh Research Explorer Responsible domestic robotics Citation for published version: Urquhart, L, Reedman-Flint, D & Leesakul, N 2019, 'Responsible domestic robotics: Exploring ethical implications of robots in the home', Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 246-272. https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-12-2018-0096 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1108/JICES-12-2018-0096 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society Publisher Rights Statement: This is the accepted version of the following article: Urquhart, L, Reedman-Flint, D & Leesakul, N 2019, 'Responsible domestic robotics: Exploring ethical implications of robots in the home' Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society, which has been published in final form at https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JICES-12-2018-0096/full/html. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 07. Oct. 2021 Responsible Domestic Robotics Exploring Ethical Implications of Robots in the Home Dr Lachlan D.
    [Show full text]
  • ELEG/CPEG 480- Capstone Design Project II
    ELEG/CPEG 480- Capstone Design Project II Project Members Yousef A Al-Mousa S00030889 Rawan sajit S00036925 Sara N Rafat S00031271 Hessa K Alabdulmun'em S00034725 Project Supervisor(s) Dr. Seyed Esmaeili Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering AMERICAN UNIVERSITY of KUWAIT May, 19, 2019 0 Abstract Conveyors are durable and reliable components used in automated distribution and warehousing. In combination with computer-controlled pallet handling equipment, this allows for more efficient retail, wholesale, and manufacturing distribution. It is considered a labor- saving system that allows large volumes to move rapidly through a process, allowing companies to ship or receive higher volumes with smaller storage space and with less labor expense. The purpose of Conveyor belt in our project is to organize and sort the food into its storage place before cooking. We propose a robot system, which cooks meals through an available menu connected through network in an iPad. There will be sensors in the robot that will control the water level in the pot and another sensor during the cooking. The two ideas of having an organizer and an achievable robot achieving meals combined to reduce the time and effort of many employees in the restaurant to have a better social environment for both the customers and workers. The motivation behind this project is to create meals. Nowadays, because of people crammed schedules, people tend to resort to fast food instead of preparing healthy meals at home, which leads to the alarming increase of obesity and type 2 diabetes rates. Basically, our idea is a cooking robot with a plc stray programmer.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Inmoov, but Some Were Created Independently
    Determining the effect of human cognitive biases in social robots for human-robot interactions Mriganka Biswas A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Lincoln for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Doctor of Philosophy 2016 I would like to dedicate this thesis to my loving parents ii Declaration I hereby declare that except where specific reference is made to the work of others, the contents of this dissertation are original and have not been submitted in whole or in part for consideration for any other degree or qualification in this, or any other university. This dissertation is my own work and contains nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration. This research has been documented, in part, within the following publications: Journal articles: 1. Biswas, M. and Murray, J. (2017) The effects of cognitive biases and imperfectness in long- term robot-human interactions: case studies using five cognitive biases on three robots. Cognitive Systems Research Journal, 43(C) 266-290. Available from doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2016.07.007 [accessed 14 May 2017]. 2. Biswas, M. and Murray, J. (2016) Can cognitive biases in robots make more ‘likeable' human- robot interactions than the robots without such biases: case studies using five biases on humanoid robot. International Journal of Artificial Life Research (IJALR), 6(1) 1-29. Available from doi:10.4018/IJALR.2016010101 [accessed 14 May 2017]. Conference papers: 1. Biswas, M. and Murray, J. (2014) Effect of cognitive biases on human-robot interaction: a case study of a robot's misattribution.
    [Show full text]