6226 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS DEAFNESS AND BLINDNESS, AND loss of sexual prowess or stupidity. Whatever ever-increasing noise pollution is the chief PROGRAMS TO LESSEN THEIR IM­ the reason, the tendency to do nothing­ culprit. "Noise is the single greatest cause by sufferers as well as doctors-amounts to of hearing loss, and it's of epidemic propor­ PACT ARE STRESSED IN THE an unconscious conspiracy. When you had tions," says James McMahon, administrator LIONS INTERNATIONAL MAGA­ your last checkup, did your doctor examine of the prestigious New York League for the ZINE your hearing? Probably not. I've just had Hard of Hearing. an annual physical by an internist connected Government action has already accom­ with one of our top hospitals, and although plished some curtailment. Three years ago, HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH he checked my eyesight, he did nothing to for example, Congress passed a law limiting OF WEST VmGINIA test my hearing. Only because I persisted the number of hours workers may be ex­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES did I have my hearing checked. Sure enough, posed to high levels of occupational noise­ I found myself among the unlucky "one out for example, eight hours at 90 decibels and Monday, March 11, 1974 of 10." two hours at 95 decibels. Increasingly, cities Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, the What does a gradual hearing loss mean? are adopting anti-horn ordinances. In New Dr. William G. Hardy, Director of Johns York, Dr. Thomas H. Fay, one of the city's March 1974 issue of the Lion, the Hopkins' Hearing and Speech Center, says, noise consultants who also heads the speech monthly publication of Lions Interna­ "You tum up the radio and TV louder. You and hearing clinic at Columbia-Presbyterian tional contains two excellent articles can ask people to speak up. You accuse Medical Center, has suggested to officials concerning two handicaping conditions­ friends of mumbling. You find it more and that they get rid of the old walling sirens deafness and blindness. more difficult to get the dialogue in movies entirely ("they were highly damaging to The first, "America's Unadmitted Epi­ and the theatre. At parties, where there's ears") and is working with the city to change demic," points out that more than 14 cross conversation, you have to concentrate over to the European type hi-lo sirens on harder and harder to hear what people are its emergency vehicles-fire engines, police million Americans suffer degrees of deaf­ saying, and you end up exhausted. Eventu­ cars and am":>ulances. ness-about 1 out of 10-that the prob­ ally, you start to withdraw from social con­ Despite these few heartening measures, lem is growing, and that many people tacts, become more irritable and moody, and however, most communities have a long way with hearing loss refuse to take correc­ make life difficult for those around you. You to go before they're hearing-safe. A passing tive measures. It also emphasizes the im­ miss much of the fun of living." motorcycle can still attack our ears with a portance of early, correct diagnosis so Although it's difficult to put a figure on 90-decibel roar, a diesel truck with 100, and that a deaf child will not be erroneously the amount of money lost each year through a subway car as much a.s 16. A rock and roll labeled autistic or retarded. Finally, it defective hearing, the staff of the Hearing band can assail us with 120 decibels, and a Aid Industries Conference estimates it to cheering crowd in an enclosed arena with urges the average person to protect his be at least one billlon dollars. One woman 115. Even at home, we don't do much of a hearing insofar as possible and gives was able to put a precise figure on what job protecting ourselves. A noisy power practical suggestions to follow. her hearing loss has cost her: $10,000. She mower's 105 decibels is way above the level The second article, "A Week of Sum­ was showing a prospective buyer through at which industrial compensation would be­ mer Fun," tells of New Jersey Lions sup­ her house one day when he mentioned a gin in a factory. Even an electric shaver is port at the Helen V. Diller Vacation price he would be willing to pay. "I won't 85 decibels next to the ear. Home for Blind Children. This program take a penny less than $35,000," she said. "As consumers, we must demand quieter has provided supervised outdoor activi­ The man quickly agreed. Only later did she appliances," says Fay. learn he'd offered $45,000, but she'd heard Ironically, although conditions have never ties for blind children for the past 2 the figure incorrectly. The experience made been worse to induce ear damage in our pres­ years-activities such as basketball, fish­ her go out and buy a hearing ald. ent-day society, they've also never been better ing, and bike riding, which most of us Despite medical and mechanical advances to do something about it. If you have to have take for granted. in the field, there are indications that the a hearing problem, this the best time in all Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ hearing problem is getting worse rather history to have it. For, it's only in the last sent that the two articles be printed in than better. For example: decade or two that medicine, surgery and the RECORD. -The number of the deaf among the electronic technology have reached a point There being no objection, the articles elderly is growing. This is because loss of where we can now say, "There is almost no hearing is always more prevalent among one who can't be helped." were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, the aged (nearly half of the 13.4 million In the 1920's, thanks to Lee de Forest's as follows: needing attention are over 65) and because vacuum tube, table model aids were avail­ [From the Lion magazine, March 1974] people are living longer. able, but they were expensive and not very AMERICA•s UNADMITTED EPIDEMIC -As we become more and more indus­ portable. Things got better in the 30's and (By Roul Tunley) trialized, more workers develop more hear­ 40's, when tubes, circuits and batteries be­ ing problems in middle age, their ears pre­ came smaller, but wearers were still wired More than 14 mllllon Americans suffer de­ maturely aged I'Jy occupational noise. A re­ like telephone poles. It wasn't until the in­ grees of deafness. The problem is growing cent Industrial Noise Conference in New vention of the transistor in 1953 that tech­ and many people with hearing loss even re­ York reported one out of four job applicants nology found the miracle it needed. This, fuse to take corrective measures. in industry has a hearing handicap. plus the miniaturization made possible by It's silent. It's subtle. It's painless. It's in­ -Among the young, rising deafness sta­ space technology, enabled manufacturers to visible. It's America's biggest and least ad­ tistics pose the most serious threat of all produce smaller, tougher and more sensitive mitted ailment-loss of hearing. More people because hearing is crucial to language and instruments. Today, the entire hearing aid suffer from it than from heart disease, can­ learning. This is especially true among the system-microphone, amplifier, battery, re­ cer, blindness, tuberculosis, venereal disease, very young. Studies of elementary school ceiver and controls--can be contained in a multiple sclerosis, and kidney disease put to­ children have shown as many as 25 percent package no bigger than a small button and gether. At least one out of 10 Americans 1s of them with a "meaningful" (but reversi­ weighing no more than an ounce. It can fit affected, according to the National Institutes ble) hearing loss. And among high school in or behind the ear, in one's pocket, or in of Health. youngsters, especially those of rock music one's eyeglasses. Despite its size, however, we do less about age, the situation may be worse. In 1968, At the same time these strides were being this afiliction than any other. Less than one researchers at the University of Tennessee made in mechanics, equal progress was being per cent of the money spent on medical re­ gave a standard hearing test to incoming made in medicine. To understand them, one search goes for deafness. Even the legally freshmen. High frequency impairment must realize that there are two kinds of deaf get no income tax exemption like the caused 33 percent of the students to fall it. hearing loss. One is conductive, and lies in blind, although those who have experienced A year later, another group of incoming the outer or middle ear. It can be caused by both (like Helen Keller) find loss of hearing freshmen were given the same test. This wax, by an infection, by a punctured ear­ far more serious. Says Dr. Robert Ruben, time 61 percent failed it. drum, or the inability of the tiny bones in the chairman of the otolaryngology department The Deafness Research Foundation re­ middle ear to move properly. All can be at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine ports there are many reasons for these treated medically or surgically today. The and a researcher in the field, "We're hid­ worsening statistics. Increased longevity, re­ other loss is sensori-neural, or nerve loss, and eously backward in our approach to deaf­ cent rubella (German measles) epidemics, it's in the inner ear. This is more serious be­ ness." hereditary factors (the "prelingually deaf" cause it is not surgically or medically cor­ Even the a.ftllcted seem unwilling to do generally marry one another) and the rectable. It can be the result of noise, drugs, much about their problem or even admit greater use of powerful drugs in the treat- high fever, head injuries, a birth defect or that they have one. Psychiatrists say this is ment of 1llness undoubtedly account for simply aging. This is the type of loss most because deafness 1s associated with old age, much of it. But in the opinion of experts. commonly helped by a hearing aid. Some· March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6227 times, of course, one's loss of hearing is a cerns children. A child with an undetected D. Schein, head of New York University's combination of both types of impairment. and untreated hearing loss finds it all but Deafness and Research Training Center, com­ Surgically, the first dramatic advance impossible to learn and often ends up clas­ plains loudly to an airline if he's asked to came in the thirties with the "fenestration" sified as retarded or autistic. Says Richard board while the motors are running, and he operation. This was the creation of a tiny Israel, of the Alexander Graham Bell Asso­ won't fly at all if he has a cold. He takes window of sensitive membrane in the exter­ ciation for the Deaf: "A hearing impairment buses rather than subways, and wears ear nal canal of the inner ear which enabled that is not recognized until a child is two, plugs if he must expose himself to loud noise. sound waves to bypass the immobilized three or even more years of age has the learn­ Above all, it's important not to hide or be bones of the middle ear and travel on to ing process disastrously delayed because the ashamed of a hearing loss. Admit it and do the brain. basis of language is laid the first two years something about it. All too often people be­ In the fifties, an even more important of life.•' have like a New Jerseyan who went so far as procedure became possible-the famous In general, problems of the middle and to have his hearing tested at the New York stapes operation. The stapes, or a stirrup, outer ear have been largely solved by medi­ League for the Hard of Hearing but then did is the smallest bone in the body (one-eighth cal science, but the inner ear remains, al­ nothing about getting the hearing aid they of an inch) and just about the most impor­ most mysterious and bafiling to treat as it recommended. Two years later, after com­ tant. Its vibrations against the oval window" was in the 16th century. One reason is its plaining repeatedly to his wife that the birds of the bone housing the inner ear is vital inaccessibility. It's still almost impossible never came around their house anymore, she to hearing. When it "freezes," and no longer to go into the inner ear surgically without insisted he have another checkup at the moves freely, the condition is called otoscler­ destroying a person's hearing. We do know League. He did, and they found considerable osis. Sound fades. Fortunately, surgeons that it contains a wondrous thing called the deterioration in his hearing. This time, found a way to remove the bone and replace cochlea-a small, delicate, :fluid-filled shell though, he got the aid they recommended. it with an artificial device. Very often the containing about 20,000 hair cells. These are Two weeks later, the League got a one-sen­ other bones in the middle ear (the hammer set waving by the movement of the stapes tence letter from the man. and the anvil) are also locked. Surgeons on the "oval window," and in so doing, they "I just wanted you to know," he wrote, today can reconstruct the whole chain of send tiny impulses along the auditory nerve "that the birds have come back to the house." them, plus the eardrum, in what is known to the brain. The result is sound. as a tympanoplasty. Although this operation We also know that these 20,000 hairs wllich A WEEK OF SUMMER FUN was unknown a generation ago, procedures are so crucial to sound production are all Summer is often long and tedious for of this type are now successful in 90 per we'll ever get. They are formed in the second blind children. Lack of proper facilities makes cent of the cases attempted. or third month of pregnancy, and when it difficult if not impossible for them to enjoy Unfortunately only a small percentage of they're destroyed by damaging noise, fever, the months away from school. Their handi­ the 13.4 million Americans suffering from drugs, or something else, they are never re­ cap prevents them from participating in a significant hearing loss can be helped by placed. sports and other outdoor activities enjoyed medical means. The majority must depend Since the inner ear remains the chief by sighted youngsters. on amplification (hearing aids), lip reading, stumbling block in the conquest of deafness, In Avalon, New Jersey, though, visually sign language, or audio-therapy, a technique most research today is in this area, much handicapped boys and girls have, for the in listening by which one learns to identify of it funded by the Deafness Research past two years, taken part in a wide range hard-to-hear sounds by tapping one's resid­ Foundation. of summertime activities. Every week during ual hearing. Some use a combination of all In general, it follows two broad directions: the summer, twenty blind youngsters are these things. In practical terms, though, most One might pe called mechanical. Experiments guests at the Helen V. Diller Vacation Home people with a hearing problem must even­ are taking place in the implantation of for Blind Children, a statewide project spon­ tually turn to a hearing aid. electrodes (in effect, hearing aids) to trans­ sored by the Lions clubs of New Jersey. According to one study, though, it takes mit auditory impulses to the brain. Some are Here, under the supervision and guidance five years for a person to get a hearing aid in the cochlea, some in the auditory nerve, of a trained staff, the youngsters swim at after a doctor has told him to do so. Accord­ and some bypass the inner ear altogether and the spacious beach, play basketball, hike to ing to industry calculations, only about two go directly to the brain. The problem at the a community park, try their hand at deep and a half million Americans wear them. moment seems not so much the transmission sea fishing aboard a yacht, go on field trips, About ten million more need them. of sound as it is to make sense out of the visit a lighthouse, attend concerts, bowl, visit illinois Senator Charles Percy's experi­ jumble of noise received and distinguish ex­ the local fire station, ride tandem bikes and ence was typical. His hearing was impaired actly what is being heard. enjoy many other outdoor activities. They in World War II by the continuous noise of Other reseachers are following a totally have a "dress-up night," a special treat, when planes at a naval air base. He was advised to different route. They believe our greatest they are taken to dinner at a restaurant get an aid but did nothing about it. "I hope for better hearing is not mechanical whose proprietor donates the meals. Trips thought hearing aids were for old fogies," he but biological. They are working to discover are also made to nearby vacation resorts such said. I was sure I could get along without the biochemical defect that produces deaf­ as Atlantic City, to a museum and to a pop­ it." He went on for 20 years telling people ness, as well as the whole genetic syndrome. ular garden. During this week, no child is to speak up, asking them to repeat, or pre­ They believe that when we understand, for left out or made to feel "handicapped." Many tending he'd heard when he hadn't. On the example, exactly what process makes those participate in activities they thought beyond Senate :floor, he was thought to be rude 20,000 hair cells die, we may be able to do their reach and abilities before coming to when he wouldn't "yield" to another speaker. something to prevent it, or even restore them. Avalon. Most of the children are totally The truth was he never heard the request. But neither of these goals is around the blind, though some have partial vision. Several years ago, at the insistence of his corner. Meanwhile, there is plenty the aver­ The vacation home resulted from an idea wife, he bought a hearing aid. He hasn't age person can do to protect what hearing proposed to the nearby Stone Harbor Lions been without it since! he has or try to make up for what he has Club by member Harry E. Arader. He had ob­ "What a relief!" he said. "You can't be­ lost: served twin boys, both blind at play with lieve how much pleasanter life has become­ (1) Have your hearing checked regularly, sighted children and realized his club could especially for my family." at least once every two years and by an ear help other blind youngsters who had no op­ Perhaps the most dramatic example of specialist, if possible. If you have a child, portunity to enjoy outdoor activities in a what a hearing aid can do concerns one of have him tested at birth and frequently sighted world. He brought the matter before the nation's physical supermen, Larry Brown, thereafter. his club in 1969 and was given the go-ahead star of the Washington Redskins, voted the (2) If you suspect you have a hearing loss, to research the possibility of the club's pur­ National Football League's "most valuable go first to a doctor, preferably an ear special­ chasing, maintaining and operating a sum­ player" in 1972. Back in 1969, however, he ist, to see if anything can be done medically. mer home for blind children to be located was an unknown, not-too-promising rookie If not, the examiner will measure the extent along the lengthy beach area. from Kansas State University who had a of your loss, as well as the type, and deter­ In 1970, a separate, non-profit corporation hearing problem he didn't talk about. mine if your loss can be corrected surgically was formed-the Stone Harbor Lions' Home His coach, the late Vincent Lombardi, no­ or by using a hearing aid. You can also con­ for the Blind, Inc. The Stone Harbor Lions ticed in playback films that Larry always tact a non-profit speech and hearing center pledged $6,000 for implementation of the got off the ball more slowly when signals which generally has audiologists on its staff. project and promised to conduct a sufficient were called from the left side. He suspected (Write to the National Association of Hear­ number of fund-raising projects throughout he was not hearing properly. When he asked ing and Speech Agencies, 814 Thayer Avenue, the year to meet the annual operating costs Larry about it, the player equivocated. One Silver Spring, Md. 20910, for the address of estimated at $18,000. day Vmce made a test in the locker room the one nearest you). Your last stop should A home in the seaside town of A val on was that convinced him Larry had a hearing be a hearing aid dealer, if one is recom­ purchased for $50,000. It was converted into problem. He ordered a hearing aid installed mended. a 40-room residence for blind children and in Larry's helmet. The result is something (3) Try to avoid unnecessary and pro­ named for Helen L. Diller, a woman who was all fans know about. In the last three years, longed exposure to noise. Gunfire. snowmo­ active in local charitable work, particUlarly Larry has become one of the top ground biles, power saws, motorcycles, subways and in programs that aided youth. After her gainers in professional football. jet engines are particularly damaging. If you death, her husband donated a sizable sum of Experts agree that the most serious conse­ must expose yourself to them, wear proper­ money to the Stone Harbor Lions for use in quence of ignoring hearing problems con- fitting ear plug or ear defenders. Dr. Jerome a project to aid youngsters. The Lions ear- 6228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 marked the money for an eventual extensive the summer and after planned renovations lies of adjusted family incomes of $15,000 renovation program for their newly purchased are completed, the New Jersey Lions look or less. Students from families of ad­ building. They memorialized the residence in forward to even greater participation in the Mrs. Diller's honor, though still officially re­ years ahead. justed incomes over $15,000, or students taining the organization name of Stone Har­ borrowing over $1,500 would require a bor Lions' Home for the Blind, Inc. needs test. The home opened its doors during the sum­ This bill is not a panacea. It is, how­ mer of 1972. Brochures had been sent to CONGRESSMAN JACK KEMP MOVES ever, vitally important to our students every Lions club in New Jersey and to several TO INSURE STUDENT LOANS who need to know that next fall they in eastern Pennsylvania informing them of will, in fact, have access to the loans to the project and inviting them to participate which they are entitled-and that these by sending blind children in their areas to loans will be expeditiously processed. the home for a one-week fee of $150. The HON. JACK F. KEMP Stone Harbor Lions realized the appeal went OF NEW YORK The Special Education Subcommittee will begin hearings soon on comprehen­ out a bit late, but 27 children who attended IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that first year were sponsored by other clubs. sive improvements in our entire Federal In all, 146 children from New Jersey and east­ Monday, March 11, 1974 student assistance programs. We expect ern Pennsylvania enjoyed a one-week vaca­ Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, I would like to have a responsible and long-range tion in Aval on, the remainder financed by student assistance program prepared to the Stone Harbor Lions. to commend to the attention of my col­ Two women from the Overbrook School !or leagues a bill of sizable significance function by July 1, 1975, when the pres­ the Blind in Philadelphia, Mrs. Margaret which was reported ou~ of the Education ent student assistance authority expires. Armstrong and Miss Ruth Ottinger, were and Labor Committee last week. This Until that time, however, it is impera­ hired as supervisors. They were aided by a bill, H.R. 12523, would amend both the tive that H.R. 12523 be enacted-and paid staff of five counselors, a cook and a Higher Education Act of 1965 and the that our student population gain relief housekeeper. Emergency Insured Student Loan Act from an arbitrary needs analysis test. In June, 1973, the home was officially adopted at the Multiple District 16 Conven­ of 1969 to insure that our Nation's stu­ tion as a project of all New Jersey Lions. The dents have access to the loans they need home experienced an increased attendance in to meet their postsecondary education ALL-LANGUAGE SERVICES FILLS 1973 when 195 children were hosted. 55 spon­ costs. VITAL NEED sored by clubs other than Stone Harbor. Mrs. Last month the Special Education Sub­ Armstrong and Miss Ottinger were again on committee of which I am a member, held hand to supervise the entire program. The hearings on the unintended hardship the five counselors, students majoring in special HON. JOHN M. MURPHY education for the visually handicapped, are needs analysis test has wrought upon OF NEW YORK recruited from local universities. Each is per­ the middle-income student. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sonally in charge of four youngsters for the The emphatic thrust of testimony week. The Lions see this personal contact as from schools, lenders, and teachers alike Monday, March 11, 1974 necessary both for the child's safety and so was upon the need to eliminate needs Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. the boy or girl will not feel alone. analysis for middle-income students. Speaker, I would like to call your atten­ The annual costs in maintaining the home Evidence showed that needs analysis, tion to an organization in New York City are over $21,000. The Stone Harbor Lions have, for the past two years, contributed as currently practiced, functions to deny that merits recognition for the important approximately 75% of this total. In addition guaranteed loans to a large segment of service it is performing for the commu­ to the financial support of the Lions who help intended beneficiaries, to wit, those stu­ nity. pay the costs through a rafHe, a dinner and dents whose families are in the adjusted The organization is All-Language other projects, the Stone Harbor Club's Ladies income bracket of $10,000 to $20,000. Services, which does translations for the Auxiliary also contributed hours in decorat­ And, not only does the present needs Nation's major companies; it also has ing and cleaning the home in preparation for analysis work against the interests provided and is providing a service, with­ its opening each year. The Stone Harbor of our middle-income students-but out charge, to our citizens. Chamber of Commerce pledged $2,300 to bring 15 children to the home. Local officials against the interests all intende~ bene­ The company operates around the cooperated with the Lions, and merchants ficiaries because of much processing clock 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. On helped equip the home. One contractor upon delay. Many students have been unable innumerable occasions, the company has completing his work, submitted a bill to the to begin a new semester because for­ been called upon by the police, by hos­ home marked, "Paid in Full." malized needs analysis slowed their pitals, and by the Travelers Aid Society The Vacation Home is equipped with a loans. Present law, in effect since March to assist them. in communicating with library, chapel, roller skating rink, swings, 1973, technically provides interest-sub­ someone in difficulty who cannot speak and merry-go-round. Not only do the blind youngsters enjoy these facilities with their sidized guaranteed loans to students English. counselors, local children also often stop by from families of any income level. How­ Because they translate into and from to play with them. The blind children write ever, the law requires educational insti­ 58 different tongues, the company has home, too. Some use a stylus and slate, al­ tutions to determine whether a student been able to offer assistance at those lowing the user to punch letters in braille. from a family with an adjusted family times. On one occasion a translator with The other, more experienced children, use a income over $15,000 needs a loan, and if the company was instrumental in saving braille writer. so, how much he needs. the life of a man who had been brought It's an excellent experience for all con­ cerned--children, counselors, supervisors and, The law presumes a student from a to a hospital and could not explain his of course, the Lions. The adults can see the family with an adjusted family income ailment in English. Through the efforts changes in these blind boys and girls as they over $15,000 needs a loan, but requires of All-Language Services, the patient was participate in many new activities, and in so educational institutions to determine able to detail the history of his sickness doing, lose their fear or apprehension of do­ the amount of need. and received the proper emergency med­ ing things they thought reserved only for the A formalized needs analysis system ical treatment. sighted. Many children, for example, because has been used to determine need in both On other occasions the translation they came from large cities, had never before heard the sounds of sea gulls and other birds students' cases, with the result that: company has given its assistance in the found near the ocean. They were frightened First, the distinction between applicants questioning of the victim of a crime in until they became familiar with the sounds. above and below the $15,000 adjusted in­ his native language, making it possible Lion Alfred Westhoff says some youngsters come is no longer functional; second, for the police to proceed with their in­ are also afraid of the roar of the surf pound­ many middle-income applicants record a vestigation immediately. ing the beach. One child, he relates, was told "zero need" in the analysis; third, lend­ The fact that the company has per­ what the sound was and, as he approached ers and student financia: assistance offi­ formed these services at all hours of the the beach for the first time, held the hand of day and night in a wide variety of foreign his counselor very tightly saying, "How close cers adhere too rigidly to the needs of are we to the water? Please don't let me fall analysis; and, fourth, the number and languages without any cost to the city is in." Though he knew what a swimming pool dollar volume of guaranteed loans has to be commended. It is this spirit of was, he had no knowledge of the beach and fallen sharply below predictions. "community interest and involvement" the ocean. Soon, thanks to his counselor, he H.R. 12523 would help mitigate the that enables a city to grow and prosper. came to love the water and the sandy beach. needs analysis problem by eliminating Although the company, through its ex­ The Vacation Home is a busy place during needs analysis for students from !ami- pertise, is bringing the peoples of the March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6229

world closer togethe~ through its profes­ complete and accurate information for public THE PRESIDENCY AT STAKE sional translations-ind interpreting, it is and government on the costs of producing also bringing the peoples of our city a lit­ oil and gas, as well as other data on the tle closer together, too, by its willingness petroleum business. HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL Manage discovered reserves to reduce U.S. OF ILLINOIS to help without asking anything in re~ reliance on foreign petroleUin sources. turn. Sell petroleUin in a way that insures that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a fair share goes to independent refiners and Monday, March 11, 1974 distributors, thus promoting a truly com­ CONSUMER FEDERATION OF AMER­ petitive industry. Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, an editorial ICA SUPPORTS THE FEDERAL OIL Provide a competitive spur to the privately appearing in the March 3, 1974, edition AND GAS CORPORATION owned oil industry. of the Peoria Journal Star entitled "The There was comparatively little need to con­ Presidency at Stake" makes some p~inted sider major alternatives to our privately reminders as to what all of us in this operated petroleum industry as long as the Congress should be thinking about as the HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM country's needs were being met. However, House Judiciary Committee moves along OF NEW YORK when things go wrong, as they obviously have recently, the system must be reexamined. with its impeachment inquiry. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The advantages of a government oil cor­ I include the text of the editorial in Monday, March 11, 1974 poration are many. Energy shortages may the RECORD at this point: exist for decades. In this situation, there [From the Peoria (Dl.) Journal Star, Mar. 3, Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, Lee C. should be an energy-producing organization 1974) White, former Chairman of the Federal motivated not by profits, but by national THE PRESIDENCY AT STAKE Power Commission, and now Chainnan needs. There is nothing inherently wrong of the Energy Policy Task Force of the with the profit incentive, but where the prod­ The legal manipulations of the House judi­ Consumer Federation of America, has uct is as essential to national well-being and ciary committee make us realize how much security as energy, at least part of the coun­ the actual form of government itself really is endorsed wholeheartedly the concept of at stake in this impeachment drive. Mr. try's effort to provide it ought to be moti­ a Federal Oil and Gas Corporation. vated by America's security, and the needs of We do not pretend to know or give-a-hoot White states in the article, the United the public. about the legalisms of mystic processes in­ States can no longer be totally depend­ Environmentally, a government corpora­ involved in this decision. We do care about ent on the private energy industry. tion would help assure that trimming or the actual, practical political effect-and in I commend t~e reprinted article, which delaying our goals is done in the most ac­ that the claim of the committee is revolu­ ceptable way. Residents along the Atlantic tionary in nature. appeared in the February 3 edition of They have decided that a noncriminal the Los Angeles Times, to my colleagues: and Pacific coasts, where offshore drilling probably will be stepped up, should have "abuse of power" by the President is proper A TVA-TYPE COMPETITOR FOR PETROLEUM grounds for impeachment, and no proof of INDUSTRY more confidence m the operations of a public corporation required by law to use the most criminal activity is required. (By Lee C. White) advanced protective techniques than in those Note the key: Abuse of power. The Tennessee Valley Authority, launched of a profit-making oil company. Now, ever since George Washington refused 40 years ago, has demonstrated that the Protecting independents in the oil business to disclose confidential correspondence the federal government can operate efficiently could be insured by requiring the federal Congress and the President have dueled over in the energy field without destroying or corporation to allocate a fair share of its the proper powers of each. They have never weakening private enterprise in that indus­ crude oil to them. Private companies nat­ agreed where discretionary power ends for try. This country needs a counterpart of the urally find it difficult to do this themselves. either of them. TVA in finding, producing and managing As one oil executive said: "There's no place Now, Congress asserts that its impeach­ oil and gas deposits on behalf of the people in our corporate charter, the Constitution, ment process can be properly brought into who own them. It is an idea whose time has the law, or the Bible where it says we majors play on the subject of "abuse of power" . . . come. must protect and preserve our competitors." which makes them the judge who is right in Geologists believe that 60% to 75 % of all He's probably right, but Congress ought to every argument as to their powers and the oil and gas yet to be discovered in the United change things so the independents can stay President's powers; makes them the judge of States is on publicly owned land. There is in business as competitors of the majors. his limits; makes them the judge of what no reason why at least part of these valuable There undoubtedly will be opposition from constitutes "abuse" if he exceeds what they resources should not be discovered and de­ the oil industry to the proposed government think his limits should be; and empowers veloped by a government corporation for use corporation. But the industry ought to wel­ them to kick him out if he doesn't go along by their owners-the citizens. come the competition and the chance to with their decisions on his powers. Until now, the government has permitted show it can do a better job than a govern­ They become both one of the players and privately owned corporations to exploit these ment agency. This competitive spur to the now the referee, as well. resources by bidding for the right to go on oil industry may be the best feature of a To pretend that this doesn't have a pro­ public lands and explore for petroleUin. Less government oil corporation. found effect on the Presidency in the future is wrong. than 5 % of the petroleUin areas on public Objections include the assertion that the lands has been thus leased. Postal Service and Amtrak do not augur well In short, the present committee has said Unfortunately, the administration of this for another big government corporation. pretty much what they said in the impeach­ program has been wretched. Leases requir­ Apart. from the merits of that argument, the ment proceedings against Andrew Johnson, ing prompt development have been so loosely TVA 1s a closer analogy. Though still some­ except that in 1868, they were more honest enforced that in the Gulf of Mexico there what controversial, TVA has long since ended about it. The House prosecution lawyer then are tracts for which bidders paid the govern­ any dispute over its electric generating opera­ said bluntly to Congress, "You are a law unto ment more than $750 million, but from tions. It is among the country's leaders, and yourself!" He didn't fancy it up. That may be the precedent, legally speak­ which not a drop of fuel has been marketed h?-S. worked harmoniously with private, mu­ even though oil and gas in commercial quan­ nicipal, and cooperatively owned utilities. ing, for the present more camouflaged "legal The Bonneville Power Administration is decision", but it certainly ignores other pre­ tities have been found. cedents. A Federal Oil and Gas Corp., while no pan­ another example of an efficient energy agency run by government. I am confident that a Abraham Lincoln went a lot farther than acea, would make a significant contribution any claim now made in rounding up sus­ to easing our basic and continuing energy federal oil corporation could be as successful as TVA and Bonneville. pected Southern sympathizers, and was re­ problem. Nor is the idea as novel as it seems: pudiated by the Supreme Court. Nor would such a public corporation be the The United States is the only major indus­ Franklin Roosevelt violated the rights of trial nation that leaves all the handling of first step toward nationalizing the oil in­ dustry, any more than TVA meant the end thousands of Japanese-Americans by seizing petroleum to privately owned corporations, them and interning them because they whose management must be responsive to of the private electric utility industry as predicted by some in the 1930s. might have been risks to the national se­ stockholder, as distinguished from national, curity. priorities. No one can claim that creation of a Fed­ eral Oil and Gas Corp. is the single, dramatic Harry Truman seized the property of a A Federal Oil and Gas Corp., as proposed million American citizens (not just one in pending legislation, would: solution to this country's energy needs for medical record) when he simply took over Explore for and develop petroleum re­ the next 20 years. But I think it is a minimal the steel industry. The Supreme Court re­ sources to meet national needs, not to maxi­ step that should be taken without delay. pudiated the action-as an abuse of power­ mize profits. We can no longer permit ourselves to be but it was never regarded as impeachable. Develop and use the most advanced meth­ totally dependent for basic energy supplies As for Lyndon Johnson, get a computer to ods to minimize damage to the environment on private industry that has failed to develop count them! in all phases of the petroleUin process. our resources in a way that meets national So, this certainly is a depart\."lre from past Provide, for the first time tn our history, needs and protects consumers. practice! 6230 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 Now, please note that a senator is elected Ferrochrome is a vital ingredient in the This is time to remember, too, that Captain only by the people of one state while the making of stainless steel. Rhodesia has 67.3% Blair was not the first to try operating sea­ President is elected by all the people; and of known world resources of metallurgical planes in the V.I. Antilles Air Boats is the please note that a senator is elected for six grade chromite. To place an embargo on Rho­ fourth island seaplane operation. What years while a President is only elected for desian chrome at this time would severely makes Captain Blair as unique as his aircraft four. limit our ability to manufacture stainless is that he is the first to succeed. Then, remember that Sen. Joseph Mc­ tubing and pipe which is so vital in the Petro­ The ten years since Captain Blair's inau­ Carthy was found guilty of the abuse of Chemical industry, Power industry, and other gural flight have not been a long, easy take­ power. He was only "censured" by the Sen­ allied industries. off to the world's largest seaplane airline. ate. My job and many others depends on this Added to that essential faith and optimism If a President, also accused of a non-crimi­ material. have been more than a million man-hours of nal abuse of power, can be impeached, then I ask you, as my representative, to vote work contributed by the Blairs and their 145 the state election of a senator is more sacred "No" so the Byrd Amendment will not be employees--dozens of captains, scores of me­ than the national election of a President­ repealed. chanics, sales agents, linemen, and other sup­ and the six-year term of a senator more in­ Sincerely, port!ve personnel. violate than the four-year term of a Presi­ JOSEPHS. BARBOSSA, Again it goes back to faith coupled with dent. District Manager Southwest Region. a big. big dose of optimism. It is that op­ Does that make sense? timism which makes the company work­ And this premise of theirs raises other and grow. It is that optimism which prompts questions. Is it not proof of an "abuse of Captain and Mrs. Blair to purchase this week power" by the Congress whenever one of TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE a new large Grumman aircraft for the opera­ THEIR acts is found unconstitutional by GOOSE tion-a fifteen passenger Mallard. the U.S. Supreme Court? As frequently oc­ This aircraft will initiate service between curs? the Virgin Islands' downtown harbors and "Abuse of power" is a can of worms. San Juan's International Airport--a demon­ We and many Democrats would just as HON. RON DE LUGO stration of how two Crucians are facing the soon have Gerry Ford as President as have OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS future with positive, decisive action. This Richard Nixon, and most conservative Re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will let more tourists know that V.I. wel­ publicans would rather. comes them than with its own flagline at But that is beside the point. Monday, March 11, 1974 Isla Verde Airport. Antilles Air Boats operated for an entire Not Nixon, alone, but The Presidency as Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, I would an institution really is the big stake in­ like to commemorate the lOth anniver­ year and a half before the Virgin Islands volved in these proceedings. government issued government travel re­ The abuse of power device exposes that sary of Antilles Air Boats, a landmark of quests for its personnel to utilize Antilles' fact. We are fiddling not with a one-man travel and tourism in the Virgin Islands. services. Surprisingly, this type of travel rep­ change but with a revolutionary change in It has been 10 years since Capt. Charles resents a mere nine per cent of the line's the balance of government itself. Blair first flew a Grumman "Goose" be­ total traffic picture. And that is what a good many folks in• tween the islands of St. Croix and St. The Blairs admit the work has not been vol ved really want! Thomas. Since that time, his "Geese" easy, but it has been fun. There are many amusing things to look have made close to 200,000 flights in the back upon. For instance, the lady who walked Virgin Islands. In 1974, the captain up to the Goose's Pan Am Pavilion sales operates the world's largest seaplane air­ counter and asked what time the next Frog THE UNITED STATES NEEDS line, with a fleet of 18 planes. left for San Juan. She just had her amphib­ RHODESIAN CHROME Before Captain Blair's inaugural flight, ians confused. three companies had failed to establish Then there was the time before the St. HON. BILL ARCHER a profitable route between St. Croix and Thomas seaplane ramp existed. Antilles' able St. Thomas. His determination exempli­ boatman Fred Romney assisted an elderly OF TEXAS fies the confident businessman who com­ lady to Veterans Drive from the line's Bos­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ton Whaler (some 65,000 Goose passengers bines faith, optimism, and hard work to used that boat). Fred thought she had gained Monday, March 11, 1974 reach success. Recently, Antilles Air her footing when suddenly she seemed to fall Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, I have Boats increased its service by connect­ backwards. The reason: the lady looked up to been concerned with the shortages of ing the Virgin Islands' downtown har­ find the face behind the hand assisting her vital materials for U.S. industry. It has bors to San Juan's International Airport. ashore belonged to the handsome NBC-TV The following article describes in detail news commentator David Brinkley. been this concern which has interested Sales Supervisor Helen Linde, you know me in the issue of the importation of the accomplishments and anecdotes that her better as Helen of St. Croix, recalls re­ chrome from Rhodesia. The United form the history of the Antilles Goose: ceiving an inquiry from a passenger who States joined in the United Nations boy­ [From the St. Croix Avis, Feb. 4, 1974] wanted to know if he had to wade into the cott against Rhodesia. The U.S. Congress FAITH IN AN AmCRAFT, FAITH IN AN ISLAND water to board the Goose. wisely adopted the Byrd amendment in Ten years ago today, Captain Charles Blair Some of the busiest places at Antilles Air 1971 which made it possible for the flew a group of Cruzans from downtown Boats are the cargo offices. This operation United States to import Rhodesian Christiansted to downtown St. Thomas and has grown from a captain carrying an inci­ chrome, an item which is vital in the marked the beginning of a unique com­ dental envelope to a full-time staff of seven muter air service. agents handling three to four hundred indi­ manufacturing of stainless steel. A short­ Some 1,439,981 passengers have substan­ vidual envelopes and parcels daily. age of steel would cause severe economic tiated his faith in these islands. An area of unending effort by Captain problems for our industries and unem­ And his faith in his selection of aircraft Blair is to maintain a staff of the world's ployment for our workers. I recently re­ has been substantiated by his fleet which most experienced seaplane pilots. Presently ceived an excellent letter from one of my grew from one ten-passenger Grumman these captains, primarily reth·ed military constituents, Mr. Joseph S. Barbossa of Goose to eighteen. They have made 191,551 officers average twenty-five years flying in Spring, Tex., who makes an effective and flights in this area. their experience. concise presentation why the United After ten years of flying the Goose, it now Captain Blair's favorite co-pilot is a pas­ is taken for granted as the only way to go. senger of long standing, once the Commis­ States should continue to import chrome It is just the visitor who recognizes it as a sioner of Health, and now Governor of the from Rhodesia. I enter this letter into the unique aircraft performing a unique service. Virgin Islands. It is strongly suspected that CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: It was just as Captain Blair now recalls Governor Evans has made more crossings be­ SPRING, TEX., February 26, 1974. his first trip to St. Thomas. tween the islands than any other single Hon. Wn.LUM ARCHER, "I left early for the long drive to Hamilton passenger. House Office Building, Airport, boarded an aircraft coming up from Another favorite with the Airboats staff Washington, D.C. down islands. My trip totaled four hours in is Eduardo Carneiro. He commuted daily for DEAR Sm: I am writing you about House cars and planes, plus waiting time. At the years. Now, on his occasional trips between Bill 8005 to place an embargo on Rhodesian end of the day, I .felt I had traveled a thou­ the islands as president of the V.I. Bank, he chrome. As my representative, will you please sand miles rather than the forty between is greeted as if it were a homecoming. vote "No" so the Byrd Amendment will not St. Croix and St. Thomas." be repealed. And that is really a statement from an air­ As Virgin Islanders we have many assets As an employee of ~he Trent Tube Division, line captain who, as a senior pilot for Pan to share with those tourists whom we hope Colt Industries, in East Troy, Wisconsin, I American and an advisor to the U.S. Air to once again attract--ourselves and our know the importance of chrome in the manu­ Force, averaged 2,000 miles a day for a num­ culture, our islands' natural beauty-and facture of stainless steel. ber of years. our Goose, which is ten years old today. March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6231 FEDERAL EMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS crease in the number of workers in those THE TROUBLE WITH AMTRAK OF THE SPANISH SPEAKING clerical, professional and management posi­ tions. Minority employment was up 3,704 jobs HON. ALAN STEELMAN HON. DON EDWARDS in Grades 1 through 4, which pay from $5,017 to $9,358, to 28.3 per cent of the total work OF TEXAS OF CALIFORNIA force at those levels. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Minority workers in Grades 5 through 8 Monday, March 11, 1974 Monday, March 11, 1974 ($8,055 to $14,341) now represent 20.5 per cent of all employees at those grade levels. Mr. STEELMAN. Mr. Speaker, al­ Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Blacks, Hispanics and Oriental-Americans though severe energy shortages will Speaker, on Tuesday, March 5, 1974, the showed an increase of 2,169 persons in hopefully not plague us much longer, we Washington Post carried an article by Grades 9 through 11 ($12,167 to $19,072) do need to make careful plans for the fu­ Mike Causey in the Federal Diary section and now hold 10 per cent of the jobs at ture. Our energy needs and environ­ under the headline "Minority Employ­ those grade levels. Grade 12 and 13 minority representation mental responsibilities dictate that ment Up by 10,000." The article's opti­ increased 961 during the 12 month period, America can no longer afford to be just mism seems more a product of Civil Serv­ to 5.8 per cent of the total. Those grades a nation of automobiles and this is where ice Commission propaganda, however, pay from $17,497 to $26,878. Amtrak can play an important role. than of any real improvement in the Grade 14 and 15 minority representation However, Amtrak's success depends upon status of minority employees in the Fed­ was up 416, or five per cent of the total and overcoming the problems of poor equip­ eral Government. eight new minority "supergraders" in GS 16, ment and incompetent service cited in In 1972, the Civil Rights and Consti­ 17 or 18 were added during the period. The top grades pay $36,000 and minority group the following article. tutional Rights Subcommittee, which I members represent 3.5 per cent of the total The use of rail passenger service is in­ chair in the House Committee on the as of last May 31. creasing and Congress has provided Judiciary, had occasion to take a close Largest percentage gain of any minority Amtrak with the financial resources to look at the problems of Spanish-speak­ group went to Spanish-surnamed employees, purchase new equipment and contract ing persons in securing Federal employ­ who accounted for 1,657 new jcf.Js during with the railroads for new lines. It is ment. The Civil Service Commission tes­ the period, for a total of 78,243 or 3.1 per now up to the Amtrak management to tified at that time that minorities, and cent of federal employment. satisfy the public need as well as effec­ specifically Spanish-speaking persons, tively carry out the congressional man­ were making dramatic gains in Federal date of profitable and efficient rail pas­ employment. Yet, when all the testimony HON. JULIA BUTLER HANSEN­ senger service. was in, the subcommittee unanimously ATRffiUTE I include the following editorial from reported that the increase in Spanish­ the Chicago Daily News in the RECORD: speaking Federal employment was not THE TROUBLE WITH AMTRAK significant in the previous 2 years. HON. ROBERT N. GIAIMO Some of the stories about holiday travel by Spanish-speaking persons, who num­ OF CONNECTICUT train are enough to curl the hair-or freeze bered 6 percent of the population, made IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it. Stalled trains, stranded passengers, break­ up 2.9 percent of the Federal work force downs and foulups add up to a dismal show­ at that time. Today, they number only Tuesday, March 5, 1974 ing in the rail passenger service that must 3.1 percent. be increasingly relied upon as plane and auto Mr. GIAIMO. Mr. Speaker, my heart traffic is cut back by the energy shortage. At the present rate of increase it will was filled with sadness when I learned take Spanish-speaking persons until the The blame naturally falls on Amtrak, the of JULIA BUTLER HANSEN'S decision not to government-financed National Railroad Pas­ year 2003 to reach parity between their seek another term in the House. I speak senger Corp. that now has the responsibility percentage of the general population and with mixed emotion for while I wish her for running most of the passenger trains in their representation in the ranks of Fed­ much happiness in her new role as pri­ the country. Weary travelers were unsparing eral employment. Surely, this is not cause vate citizen, I know her retirement will in their criticism, and many understandably for the unbridled optimism of Mr. result in a loss for the House and for the swore they would never try to travel by Causey's article. train again. people she has served. Through all her Amtrak can't be excused for such mistakes Despite the bipartisan efforts of the years in Congress she has been a hard­ Civil Rights and Constitutional Rights as overbooking trains so that passengers were working legislator, a valued associate on standing in the aisles and vestibules. But Subcommittee, there has been little real the Appropriations Committee, and a there's another side that deserves attention, improvement in the lot of minorities very warm and dear friend. having to do with the mess Amtrak found seeking Federal jobs. In 1970, President She is a true legislative pioneer, break­ itself in when it went into business in May, Nixon announced a 16-point program to ing new ground and leading the way for 1971, and to a large degree is still in. aid Spanish-speaking persons in finding her colleagues to follow. She has done Amtrak inherited some 30 years of railroad Federal employment. Yet that program much to reform the House, to make it a neglect of passenger service. It began opera­ has never been adequately enforced. As tion with too few cars, all bought from the more open and effective body. Her per­ railroads in various stages of decline, and a result, the subcommittee will schedule formance as the first woman chairman despite extensive refurbishing it still has too hearings on AprilS, 1974, to examine the in either Chamber of an appropriations few to meet a demand like the once-a-year efforts by Federal agencies to recruit and subcommittee has demonstrated to all holiday rush, compounded this year by the hire Spanish-speaking employees. that achievement is a reflection of ability energy crunch. Equipment that should have The article follows: and not of sex or other arbitrary criteria. been retired years ago was recalled to service, MINORrrY EMPLOYMENT UP BY 10,000 Her efforts for the arts and humani­ and some of it clearly failed. (By Mike Causey) But the principal problem is that Amtrak ties, the environment and natural re­ is directly responsible only for passengers. Minority group employment in !;OVer~­ sources, the American Indian, and a host For motive power, crews, and such important ment went up by 10,000 during the 12 of other projects and concerns has estab­ features as smooth roadbeds, it still depends months ending last l\lay 31, despite an over­ lished a record of achievement that any almost entirely on its contracts with the all decline in federal jobs of more than Member would be proud to call his own. railroads, which clearly don't give a hoot 50,000. about passenger service. New figures released yesterday by the Civil Her services as chairman of the Demo­ cratic Committee on Organization, Federal subsidies to Amtrak already run Service Commission show that hiring of into the hundreds of millions, and there is blacks, Spanish-Americans, Indians and Study, and Review-the "Hansen com­ no disposition to turn it into a separate, na­ Oriental Americans increased dramatically mittee"-will always be a landmark in tionwide rail system for passengers only. Yet during the year even though most federal the Democratic Party. bringing back the long dormant rail passen­ agencies were abolishing jobs and laying off Though she is leaving the House, her ger business must have a high priority, and workers. achievements will remain as a lasting to do that the service Amtrak provides must CSC says that as of last May 31, minority monument to what an effective legislator be better than most of the railroads offered group members (this does not include when they were trying to shuck off the pas­ women) held 515,129 federal jobs, or 20.4 can do. JULIA is a powerful force in the House, the Appropriations Committee, senger business. Some way of holding the per cent of the total. railroads to higher performance standards Biggest gains, the government says, came and the Democratic Party. Her wisdom, under their contracts must be found. in middle and upper grade white collar fed­ directness, and sense of humor will be Holiday rushes, bad weather and plain eral jobs although there was a slight de- missed by all. bad luck can never be totally overcome. But 6232 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 incompetence, surly service and broken­ houses for food preservation during the sum­ building of the San Joaquin Power and down equipment can be. Amtrak has made mer. The market for commercially-produced Light Company in Fresno, Ca.lif.-believed some progress toward restoring passenger ice changed dramatically with the ice fa­ to be the first completely air conditioned service, but this holiday setback indicates mine in 1890. office building in the world. how much remains to be done. The effort Food supplies dwindled, thousands fell ill, 1931-York air conditioned the famous clearly must be redoubled, for now more and ice houses scrambled frantically to in­ "Columbian" for the Baltimore and Ohio than ever Americans need a reliable, com­ stall refrigeration equipment to freeze their Railroad. fortable alternative to traveling by car or own ice. 1935--York built the first successful room plane. By 1904, York's fledgling marketing de­ air conditioner and introduced the first au­ partment listed hundreds of ice house in­ tomatic ice cube maker. stallations, along with ice-making machin­ 1~48--York introduced hermetically sealed YORK DIVISION OF BORG-WARNER ery for breweries, hotels, and meat-storage cooling circuits for room air conditioners plants. and introduced the first automatic ice cube CORP. In 1897, P. H. Gladfelter was elected presi­ maker for hotels, restaurants, hospitals and dent of the company and promptly hired other places where food and beverages are Thomas Shipley, a young engineer, to serve as served. HON. GEORGE A. GOODLING general manager. Under Shipley's direction 1954-York built the first single-stage, OF PENNSYLVANIA the company concentrated on production of high-speed Centrifugal Refrigeration Com­ ice machines, created a marketing depart­ pressor using Freon as the refrigerant. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment, and grew from a staff of 50 employees 1955--York adapted the technique of Monday, March 11. 1974 in 1897 to a roster of 1500 full time workers multi-stage compression to heat pumps, by 1910. making this practical in cold climates. The Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, I feel Even while concentrating its efforts on the development made it possible to keep large certain there is not a person in this burgeoning market for refrigeration equip­ areas warm with heat extracted from sub­ Chamber who has not, in one fashion or ment, the young company was willing to im­ freezing air. another, derived a benefit from the prod­ provise in related fields. In 1903, York Manu­ 1958--The Yorkaire 3-pipe High Induction ucts manufactured by the York Division facturing built and installed a machine to System, which provides individual room air control humidity in a blast furnace area for conditioning control in multi-stage, multi­ of Borg-Warner Corp., formally the York Carnegie Steel Company at Aetna, Pennsyl­ room buildings, was introduced. In the same Manufacturing CorP. This division is the vania. In 1914, York engineers developed an year, York also introduced a. small light­ producer of superior air-conditioning innovative comfort system for the Empire weight compressor for automobile air con­ and refrigeration products, and I am Theater in Montgomery, Alabama. It was the ditioning. proud to say that it is located in the 19th first combination of "air washing" and ven­ 1962-York introduced the first commer­ Congressional District of Pennsylvania, a tilation with the new element of refrigera­ cial Thermoelectric Ice Cube Maker. (A district I have the honor and privilege of tion: air conditioning. thermoelectric system has no moving parts, representing in this U.S. House of Rep­ Marketing changes were taking place as only electronic circuits in a copper module.) well under Shipley's direction. In 1907 the 1964-York entered the field of hyperbaric resentatives. first of 14 "construction and supply" com­ medicine by assisting in the building of a It is interesting to observe that in 1897, panies was formed to sell, install and service small research chamber at Lutheran General this company elected Mr. P. H. Gladfelter York equipment in the field. In 1927, York Hospital in Park Ridge, Tilinois. Subse­ to be its president. Mr. Gladfelter, in Manufacturing Company negotiated a mer­ quently York developed a portable hyper­ turn, immediately employed Mr. Thomas ger of these and other ice machinery com­ baric treatment chamber. Shipley, a highly competent engineer, to panies to create the York Ice Machinery 1969-York supplied the major compo­ serve as the company's manager. The Company, a major manufacturer with nents--including the seven 7,000-ton multi­ company prospered and grew under this wholly-owned field subsidiaries. stage centrifugal compressors-for the By the early Thirties, however, refrigera­ world's largest chilled water air condition­ dynamic leadership and management, tion was moving into the home, and the ice .mg system, a 49,000-ton system, in the providing a mighty economic impact for houses began to close their doors. The market world's largest building, the World Trade the city of York in particular and the for commercial ice-making equipment was Center in New York City. State of Pennsylvania in general. This melting away, but air conditioning busi­ 1972-York furnished the entire 9,000- company also performed vast services for ness was booming. York, with a history of ton water chilling system for the $130-mll­ the community of which it was a resident. change and innovation, changed to meet the lion Louisiana Superdome, a.n enclosed The York Division is concluding 100 shifting market. In 1942, with the company's stadium that will dwarf the famed Astro­ primary focus moving away from commer­ dome. years of service to the American public. cial lee equipment, the company was re­ I extend my sincere congratulations as it incorporated as York Corporation. World War moves forward into its second century of n created an urgent military demand for U.S. HERBICIDES ABROAD such splendid service. large refrigeration and food storage systems The history of the York Division exem­ and temporarily delayed York's emergence plifies the strength and character of as a major force in the air conditioning American industry. Because of this, I in­ industry. HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL In the post-war period, York Corporation OP NEW YORK sert into the RECORD an historical per­ 1a5sumed its leadership role in the industry spective on this division and commend it with a wide range of air conditioning prod­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the attention of my colleagues: ucts for homes, commerce and industry. In Monday, March 11, 1974 A CONCISE HISTORY OF THE YORK DIVISION June, 1956, with more than 6,000 employees OF BORG-WARNER CORP., 1874-1974 on its payroll, York merged with Borg­ Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, over 6 Ulysses S. Grant was president of the Warner Corporation, operating briefly as a months ago, I introduced legislation in United States, Thomas Edison had not yet subsidiary before becoming an independ­ Congress designed to halt the exporta­ invented the incandescent lightbulb and it ent operating division of the corporation. tion of American herbicides. would be another two years before General "The Yorks," as the company has been H.R. 8574 would ban completely the George Custer rode out to meet his destiny known to four generations of employees, en­ exportation of all herbicides to Portugal at Little Big Horn. It was autumn of 1874 ters its second century with its reputation and South Africa; nations that have and, in York, Pennsylvania six men met to for quality and innovation firmly estab­ used these poisons to perpetrate chem­ sign the articles of agreement that marked lished, with a product line engineered and the beginning of the York division of Borg­ built to meet every conceivable demand for ical warfare on the citizens of its Afri­ Warner Corporation. air conditioning and refrigeration and with can colonies, Angola and Mozambique. In its early years, the York Manufacturing the world as its marketplace. This type of aggression, being waged with Company produced a variety of machine American herbicides, is clearly despicable shop and foundry products in a 3,000-square­ YORK AT A GLANCE and should be ended. foot plant operated by 14 employees. The York has a long history of technological Further, it is becoming increasingly hours were long and the company's potential contributions to the air conditioning and evident that 2,4,5-T hel·bicides, which the was ill-defined but the York group was in­ refrigeration industry. Here are some of the United States is a chief exporter of, is a ventive, meeting customer demands for such highlights: particularly useless and environmentally diverse products as water wheels, steam en­ 1903--York installed a system to control dangerous commodity. In a recent Wash­ gines, agricultural equipment and paper­ the relative humidity of the air being fed making machinery. into a blast furnance at the Carnegie Steel ington Post article, under the headline In 1885 they produced their first "ice ma­ Company. "Animal Birth Defects Linked to Herbi­ chine," an innovative device for which little 1914-York air conditioned the Empire cide," it was reported that the Environ­ demand existed; ice was harvested annually Theater in Montgomery, Alabama. mental Protection Agency has begun a from lakes and streams and held in ice 1923-York air conditioned the omce study of the effect of 2,4,5-T herbicides March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6233 on men and animals in causing birth longing to professions which measure the You will note that they said, "created deformities. usefulness of their members not by the cal­ equal", not born equal. H.R. 8573, which I introduced with 19 endar but by vitality. In this respect, and Section I of Article 14 of the Constitu­ of my colleagues, would ban all exporta­ hopefully in other ways, the whole society tion states: can learn from journalists and lawyers. Your "No state shall make or enforce any law tion of 2,4,5-T herbicides. own career provides inspiring proof that which shall abridge the privileges or immu­ These two bills were referred to the there are no limits to the potential of the nities of citizens of the United States; nor House Banking and Currency Committee human mind and spirit. I know that you shall any state deprive any person of life, last June 11, where they continue to will continue to provide us with this example liberty, or property, without due process of languish. I hope that these pieces of leg­ for many years to come. law; nor deny to any person within its juris­ islation will soon be given the thorough Sincerely, diction the equal protection of the laws." consideration they deserve. RoBERT D. RAY, Governor. The framers of the Declaration of Inde­ pendence and the Constitution intended to protect all life not just life out of the womb. In my forty years as a State and Federal RIGHT TO LIFE HEARINGS BEGIN Legislator, I have introduced, fought for, and SERVICE TO MANKIND AWARD supported billions of dollars of appropria­ tions to build the best hospitals and medical HON. WILEY MAYNE HON. JOHN M. ZWACH schools to protect the lives of our people, but OF MINNESOTA always, to preserve, lengthen and dignify OF IOWA life, and to educate the best medical per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES sonnel in the world. Monday, March 11, 1974 Monday, March 11, 1974 Now we are asked to reverse this philos­ ophy and train our doctors and nurses, and Mr. MAYNE. Mr. Speaker, on Jan­ Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, last Wed­ equip our hospitals to destroy life. Our hos­ uary 21, 1974, the Sertoma Club of Cedar nesday, March 6, the Subcommittee on pitals are working in one room to preserve Rapids-Marion, Iowa, gave its annual Constitutional Amendments of the Sen­ life while in another room they are working "Service to Mankind Award" to Cecil G. ate Judiciary Committee began its hear­ to destroy it. "Cy" Douglass of Marion. This award, ings on Senate Joint Resolution 119 and Mr. Chairman, the 1857 Dred Scott deci­ Senate Joint Resolution 130, legislation sion resulted in a bloody Civil War and a con­ the highest which a Sertoma Club may stitutional amendment granting citizenship bestow upon a nonmember, was highly calling for a constitutional amendment to slaves. Another bloody war is being fought deserved. "Cy" Douglass had served as prohibiting abortion. daily in our hospitals and clinics. The vic­ Associated Press bureau chief in Boston, I was pleased and honored to appear tims are the unborn-too young, too silent, Chicago, and Oklahoma City and at one before Senator BAYH's subcommittee and too innocent, to unknowing, to speak in their time as editor of the Marion Sentinel, present testimony in support of such a own self defense in the abortion decision. and has a wide circle of friends through­ constitutional amendment. I am today, Billions of these unborn will never see the submitting my testimony for the REc­ light of day. I here speak urgently in their out the country who are interested in defense and implore you to act in their his continuing achievements. Since his ORD to further advise my fellow House behalf. "retirement" in Marion, he has served as Members of my position: Look about this room, here, today. Just as executive director of the Iowa Division STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN M. ZWACH every person here has a unique, individual of the United Nations Association. He Mr. Chairman and Members of the Sub­ character, so have the unborn. Not another has served with high dedication, and the committee: I want to commend the Sub­ individual in the world is exactly like it. It United Nations Association has gained committee for calling these hearings and to is a miracle of creation. Our intelligence, our daily from his continuous work, inno­ express my appreciation for the opportunity skin color, our fingerprints, our personal to appear before you today to speak in be­ characteristics, all are predetermined before vative ideas, and attentive service. He is half of S.J. Res. 119 and S.J. Res. 130. we are born. All those characteristics are in known to me and to many other friends I was shocked and dismayed that the Su­ the genes of the mother and father at the throughout Iowa as Iowa's "Mr. United preme Court decision of January 22, 1973, moment of conception. Who can deny that Nations." I believe his unselfish and pub­ held that an unborn child was not a person, life starts at this precise moment? lic spirited service in support of the that therefore the Constitution, the sup­ The horrible act of taking the life of the principles stated in the Charter of the posedly greatest document ever struck by the helpless is a grave issue on which we must United Nations and on behalf of pen of man, gave no protection to the unborn stand up and be heard. life. I ask you to restore for all of our citizens strengthening the United Nations or­ The language of the ruling is clear. Signifi­ that most important factor of all, the right ganization as an instrument for peace cant limitations on abortions can be accom­ to life. and understanding between the nations plished only through two recourses: ( 1) a Pope John XXIII said, "the Christian con­ merits being brought to the attention of reconsideration of last year's ruling by the ception of life demands of all a spirit of mod­ the Congress. Supreme Court, or, (2) a "Pro-Life" Consti­ eration and sacrifice ... There is abroad to­ At the Sertoma Club award ceremony, tutional Amendment. This latter course must day, a spirit which beguiles man into think­ "Cy" i>ouglass was also presented a be pursued. ing that life is nothing more than a quest letter from Gov. Robert Ray, with In Minnesota, by more than a four to one for pleasure and the satisfaction of human margin, the House, by a vote of 98-21, and passions. This view is disastrous. You see its whom he had worked closely over the the Senate, by a vote of 51-12, expressed their evil effects on body and soul . . . the Gospels years. I include Governor Ray's letter in desire to have Congress act on this matter. and the whole ascetic tradition of the Church my remarks and endorse wholeheartedly I am submitting a copy of this resoltuion demand a sense of mortification and penance its sentiments: endorsing a Constitutional Amendment for which assures the rule of the spirt t over the DEAR "CY": I congratulate the Ced-Mar the record. flesh ...." Sertoma Club of Marion for the keen sense On February 1, 1973, shortly after the Su­ We can all take a lesson from these words. of values which is has demonstrated in preme Court decision, I introduced in the There are many families who want babies honoring you with its Service to Mankind House, H.J. Res. 284, a bill proposing an who cannot have them. As an alternative to Award. A worthier choice could not have Amendment to the Constitution, "to insure abortion, I favor Pro-Life Centers, as advo­ been made. that due process and equal protection are af­ cated by Mrs. Marjory Mecklenburg, Presi­ Your commitment to human welfare began forded to an individual from conception." dent of the Minnesota Citizens Concerned for long before you took up residence in Mar­ My bill, similar to S.J. Res. 130, provides Life, Inc., where expectant mothers could ion, It was a salient characteristic of your the necessary mechanics for a Constitutional come for adequate medical care and other long, truly distinguished career with Associ­ Amendment. help so that they can have their babies rather ated Press, during which your reporting of It is time to move. It already is too late than an abortion. the Iowa scene consistently sustained the for hundreds of thousands of so-called "le­ I am completing 40 years of public service highest level of perceptive excellence. gal" abortions that have been performed and have been an advocate and fought hard But that was only the beginning. During since the January 22 decision. for many worthwhile and landmark causes, the years of what could only euphemistically Americans have always held life to be but I would like to say to this subcommittee be called your "retirement", you have liter­ precious. When our forefathers wrote the that I have never felt as strongly about any ally become "Mr. United Nations" in Iowa, by Declaration of Independence in 1776 they de­ issue as I do about this matter, for, gentle­ reason of your tireless, brilliant efforts in clared: "We hold these truths to be self­ men, it is a matter of life or death. behalf of that organization. Much of the ex­ evident, that all men are created equal, that traordinarily favorable attitude which they are endowed by their Creator with cer­ Iowans hold toward the United Nations is tain unalienable Rights, that among these RESOLUTION directly attributable to your activity. are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Hap­ A resolution memorializing the Congress You and I share the good fortune of be- piness." of the United States to propooe a Constitu- 6234 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Ma'rch 11, 1974 tlonal Amendment affirming and protect ing rect in stating this, but how can we in the Northeast-including the mammoth the value of human life. strengthen the economy and the railway Penn Central and the Boston & Maine, both Whereas, the United States Supreme Court of whose fate is of vital concern to MasSa­ has recently put on the United States Con­ industry, if, as I have pointed out, the chusetts. stitution a construction that is contradictory predicted rise in the unemployment rate In the plan unveiled by Transportation t o the convictions of the people of the United has not been taken into account in Sec­ Secretary Claude Brinegar on Feb. 1, about States about the value of human life; now, retary Brinegar's report. 475 of the 1430 miles of track in Massa­ therefore, We must not allow any further deteri­ chusetts were labeled "potentially excess," Be it resolved, by the Legislature of the oration of our railway system nor of our and Sargent's major thrust tomorrow will be S tate of Minnesota that the Congress of the economy to take place, therefore I sug­ that this :figure is not only grossly inflated United States should speedily propose to the gest that a stringent review of the De­ but probably inaccurate as well. stat es for their ratification an amendment With data collected in a telephone poll of to the United States Constitution substan­ partment of Transportation's proposals hundreds of industrial shippers and receivers, tially in the following form: be undertaken by every sector that will the governor will tell the ICC man that ARTICLE- be affected by the proposals whether it 25,000 to 30,000 Massachusetts jobs would be be employment losses or the inability to affected, and many could in fact be lost, if Section 1. No person shall be deprived of DOT's abandonment scheme is adopted as it life, liberty, or property, from conception expand because no rail facilities are available to ensure it as a worthwhile now stands. until natural death without due process of There is no doubt that the outcome is law, nor denied the equal protection of the business venture. important to the economy of the state and laws; provided that this article shall not We must not go about improving the the region. There is also little doubt that prevent medical operations necessary to save railway system as haphazardly as a Civil some trackage could be surrendered, and the life of a mother. War surgeon would operate on a substitute service rendered by trucks. Section 2. The Congress and the several wounded soldier. He would amputate The states could, with Federal help, sub­ states shall have concurrent power to enforce with no regard to what the rest of the sidize those lines which the final system plan this article by appropriate legislation. body would suffer due to unsanitary con­ says are to be excess. Be it further resolved, that the Secretary In eastern Massachusetts some arrange­ of State of the State of Minnesota. transmit ditions, such as gangrene. Today our ment could be worked out where trackage copies of this resolution to the Speaker of surgeons have progressed in skill and bought by the MBTA for improved com­ the United States House of Representatives, treatments due to advanced technology, muter service might be shared by occa­ the President of the United States Senate, and now they are able to handle nearly sional freight trains. the Chairmen of the Judiciary Committees all situations capably. We must go about (Penn Central has already sold about 140 of the United States House of Representa­ improving our rail system in the same miles to the transit authority. The B&M tives and Senate and the Minnesota Repre­ progressive manner and not by severing which similarly disposed of its 17 -mile sentatives and Senators in Congress. Boston-Reading line to the MBTA, is cur­ it with total disregard to the probable rently negotiating with that s.gency for the side effects to the economy, but by see­ sale of another 140-150 Iniles.) ing that our rail system is revitalized, A key issue behind the pleas and argu­ REGIONAL RAIL REORGANIZATION rehabilitated, and restructured to en­ ments will be the fate of the parallel east­ ACT OF 1973 sure that the predicted side effects will west lines across Massachusetts, which carry be minimized. the bulk of the cargo from the west and The Interstate Commerce Commission south. The Penn Central's goes through Framing­ HON. JAMES A. BURKE has provided us with an avenue for ac­ ham, Worcester, Springfield and Pittsfield. OF MASSACHUSETTS tion and now the task falls upon the Just over the New York state line, at Sel­ State legislatures, local communities, kirk, near Albany, the Pennsy has a new IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES business firms and railway systems to electronic classification yard where thou­ Monday, March 11, 1974 work within this avenue and produce a sands of cars are sorted out and reshuJned. The B&M route goes via Ayer, Fitchburg, Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts. Mr. more acceptable solution. in the Hoosac tunnel under the Berkshire Speaker, recently the Interstate Com­ Mr. Speaker, order that the Mem­ hills, and North Adams. At Mechcanicville merce Commission began its scheduled bers of the Congress may be better in­ there is a connection via the Delaware & hearings across the Nation in reference formed as to the nature of the effects of Hudson with other major carriers serving to the Regional Rail Reorganization Act the Department of Transportation's pro­ southern and western suppliers and markets. of 1973. posals, I wish to submit into the REcoRD The B&M doesn't want to be forced to The purpose of these hearings is to an article from the March 3 issue of the join the Consolidated Rail Corp. (CRC) as Boston Globe. It clearly illustrates that the streamlined, pared-down core network provide a viable avenue of action through covering 17 states would be called. which individual States and their gov­ the proposals need revision, and that the The B&M's trustees and president Paul erning boards, local communities and final plan will result only from a suitable Cherington say they are confident their road their governing boards-specifically lo­ agreement arranged through public can be reorganized successfully, and will cal rail systems in alliance with business hearings and negotiations. argue to that effect at a hearing before Fed­ firms-may begin to express their views The article follows: eral District Court Judge Francis Murray in on the proposals of the Department of ANOTHER ACT IN NORTHEAST RAILRoAD DRAMA Boston on March 28. OPENS IN BOSTON The B&M fears that forced inclusion Transportation to reorganize the North­ would make it a secondary carrier, dom­ east and Midwest ran systems in the hope (By A. S. Plotkin) inated in fact by a Philadelphia-based of providing adequate and efficient rail Another gripping act in the long-playing Penn Central. services to these areas. drama entitled "The Northeast Rail Crisis" Cherington acknowledges, however, that The industries and citizens of these opens in a hearing room in Boston's Govern­ the plan for getting out of bankruptcy ment Center tomorrow. hinges on receiving suitably large payment regions are fighting to continue their liv­ The principals will play variations on the for the sale of its commuter lines to the lihood, and I, for one, must say that dominant theme, a plea to the Interstate MBTA-an accomplishment probably re­ their complaints are very well founded Commerce Commission labeled "Don't Let quiring a sizable long-term, low-interest in light of Secretary Brinegar's report. Them Take it Away"-referring to hundreds loan from the Federal DOT. This report did not concern itself with of Iniles of freight track, some still used a Some kind of merger of a relatively solvent the issue of how many employees would little, some practically abandoned. B&M with two others in northern New Eng­ lose their jobs or how many employees Gov. Francis Sargent of Massachusetts. land, the Bangor & Aroostook and the Maine Rhode Island Gov. Phillip Noel, a clutch. of Central, is hinted as a desirable goal by would be inconvenienced by transfers. In Congressmen and other notables, have been Cherington and the trustees. my own home State of Massachusetts, allotted 10 minutes each to make their pitch And not too far in the background is the the estimated number of jobs that are before an administrative judge sent here by still impressive :figure of Frederick (Buck) being placed in jeopardy by the Depart­ the ICC. Dumaine, who has substantial holdings in all ment of Transportation's proposals to­ The hearing in Boston gets underway at three carriers. tals between 25,000 and 30,000. Because 9:30 a.m. in Room 607-A of the Hurley build­ Veteran railroaders see survival of such a ing, and is one of the many steps that must northern New England partnership as de­ of this and coupled with remarks of be taken before the Federal Transportation President Nixon, I find myself in a para­ pendent on its being part of a. healthy trunk Department (DOT) can implement its plan line system outside New England, one big doxical situation. Mr. Nixon has stated to eliminate nearly a quarter of the track enough to compete with the new giant CRC. that-a healthy railroad industry is a belonging to Northeastern railroads. In a visit to Boston last week Federal Rail­ great national asset for it strengthens That proposal 1s contained in DOT's plan way Adtninistra.t<>r John W. Ingram. reiterated the economy-and obviously he is cor- tor restructuring the seven bankrupt roads that the government does indeed grant tho March 1.1, 1974- EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6235 need for competitive east-west freight service sponse. But she did more than give ad­ history-or natural gravity-will see to it to Boston. vice. If she thought your ideas were that one day West Berlin will be part of But this does not mean that the parallel sound, she would affirmatively help to 'German Democratic Republic'." Pennsy and B&M routes both have to be kept Translated into practical politics this and upgraded. No doubt one would be picked carry them out. means that Berlin remains an important for prime attention, and the hint is that the I am grateful for the opportunity of stage in Soviet aims in their much further­ competing carriers would both use that track. joining with many others in singing her reaching intention of becoming the dominant The ICC has scheduled similar hearings at praises. power in Europe. There is no sign at all that Albany on Tuesday and at Hartford on Russia has given up this plan, or ever would. March 11. On the contrary. The session here wlll recess at 5 p.m., and YESTERDAY THE SUEZ CANAL AND In the past month the Soviets have come then go on again from 7 to 9:30p.m. It will TOMORROW THE ELBE several steps nearer to this goal. The best resume for testimony Tuesday and probably guarantee against the spread of Soviet power through Friday. beyond its present sphere of influence is still The Regional Rail Reorganization Act of HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST the Atlantic Defense Alliance, accompanied 1973, which required Secretary Brinegar to by an optimally close community of econom­ prepare his plan for restructuring the bank­ OF VIRGINIA ically strong and socially sound European rupt carriers, also ordered creation of high­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES countries. speed passenger service in the Boston-Wash­ Monday, March 11, 1974 On the way to this community of Europe, ington corridor. And funds were provided to however, the recent past has seen not progress do the job. Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, the but a relapse into petty, selfish national But that matter, while of great interest following article, which originally ap­ thinking, which exactly meets the Kremlin's to New England even before the fuel crisis peared in Die Welt on February 1, 1974, aims. In the milLtary field the Communist hit home hard at year's end, is peripheral to was recently brought to my attention. states have increased their armaments to an the hearings starting tomorrow. extent hardly realised by the public, as (Administrator Graham said that engineers Since it makes some very cogent points against the weakening, if not actual decay, will soon be hired to inspect the Penn Central regarding the future of West Berlin, I of and lack of confidence in NATO in the right of way as a prelude to steps leading to would like to take this opportunity to West. passenger train speeds of 125 miles per hour bring it to the attention of my colleagues. In a great part it was economic problems and more.) It deserves a careful reading and serious which laid bare the cracks in the structure Expected to air their views at the ICC thought by each one of us. of the European Community. What years of hearings here will be spokesmen for trade The article follows: effort by the Soviets and their auxiliaries in and industrial associations, labor unions, en­ the West failed to achieve, the Arab oil boy­ vironmental groups. There will also probably YESTERDAY THE SUEZ CANAL AND TOMORROW cott, or even the mere fear of a possible be businessmen who fear they might be THEELBE ••• shortage, brought about: In many cases nar­ crushed in the juggernaut process now start­ (By Axel Springer) row national self-interest takes pride of place ing to rumble towards a resolution of the It is high time for Europe to learn the les­ before considerations of the common weal. historic problem. sons of the war in the Middle East. The community of European nations, from Those in the know were aware even be­ which a united Europe was to grow, has failed fore Christmas that the war of nerves against its first major trial. Oil provided the breaking the free part of Berlin was soon to be stoked strain. up again. Of course, as had happened so often "Have Machiavelli's works been translated JULIA BUTLER HANSEN before, such information could not be pub­ into Arabic?", the French publicist Jean­ liShed. To do so would have brought the Jacques Servan-Schreiber asks in an anxious reproach of not letting sleeping dogs lie, i.e., analysis in the weekly L'EXPRESS. But trans­ of provoking hostility by publication. lation was unnecessary. For at a decisive, HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING So now there were protests from beyond secret, conference held in Bagdad late in 1972, OF OHIO the Wall against establishing in West Berlin when plans for an "oil war" against the in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a Federal office for the environment. And a dustrial nations of the West were forged, week ago there came a relevant threat: sud­ Machiavelli was present in person-however Tuesday, March 5, 1974 den vexa-tious controls-once again-on the under the name of A. S. Dasokow. His pro­ Mr. SEIDERLING. Mr. Speaker, access routes to the old German capital. Who fession: Soviet oil expert; his superiors: the surely all those who know well our most could believe the story of a search for Rus­ Soviet security police, the KGB. A message of sian or East German deserters, especially as greetings from the Soviet Government which distinguished colleague JULIA BUTLER Allied vehicles were not interfered with at Dasokow read out to his Arab hosts stated HANsEN share the universal regret that all? It was and is in reality all part of a care­ that the Kremlin would support the "im­ she has chosen to make this her last fully planned campaign. portant struggle by Arab oil against imperial­ term in Congress, and I am sure it comes Any remaining doubts must have disap­ ism." as no great surprise that a new Mem­ peared last weekend when both the President This strategy then worked out under Soviet ber of the House would feel a special of the State Council in East Germany, Willi guidance in Bagdad aims for one thing at warmth toward her. Stoph, and the Prime Minister, Horst Sinder­ driving the Western oil-producing concerns mann, fell back into the vocabulary and the out of the Middle East; further at throwing · Even before I became a Member of arguments of the Cold War. sand in the works of the industrial countries' Congress, I had already begun to learn These events, which will be repeated in all economies by arbitrary and rigorous price of the high esteem in which she was held possible variations, show that one of the rises; and finally at impelling the Arab pro­ by her colleagues and particularly those main aims of the entire West German "Ost­ prietors of gigantic oil-fortunes to coordi.nate. on the Democratic side of the aisle. One politik," and especially of the Four-Power their stock-exchange transactions so as to of the early signs of constructive change agreement and the bilateral agreements be­ cause economic and currency difficulties for in the Democratic caucus was the ap­ tween Bonn and East Berlin, is fading ever tlle West on a maximum scale. pointment of the so-called Hansen further into the distance: the defusing of This conference was ten months before the critical· situation of Berlin. the outbreak of the last Middle East war, Committee, which had been charged The Soviets' and their vassals' stranglehold which itself showed that the Soviets were under her chairmanship with updating on the vital arteries of free West Berlin is supporting the Arabs not only with Machia­ the rules of the caucus and proposing unbroken. It can be tightened and loosened vellian economic advice but with supplies of changes in the rules of the House. Upon at will-a game that has been demonstrated supermodern war materials and active assist­ becoming a member of the caucus which for a long time, and despite all treaties goes ance in world politics. considered and adopted the recommen­ gaily on. It was these highly developed weapons, es­ dations of her committee, I could not The campaign to disengage West Berlin en­ pecially the latest anti-aircraft and anti-tank tirely from the Federal Republic has never weapons, together with an offensive tactic help but be impressed with both her ceased, despite many promises, great hopes designed by the Soviets and precisely exe­ fairness and the depth of her under­ and fine speeches. Vexatious controls on the cuted by the Arabs, which brought success standing of the legislative process. access routes and protests with an undertone to the Egyptians and Syrians in the first days But in the 3 short years of my service of threats are not so much a temporary re­ of the October war. here, I have come to know another side lapse into old habits as a sign that at bot­ What happened at the Suez Canal and on of JULIA HANSEN. I have felt her warm tom nothing has changed. Lenin's words still the Golan Heights must be a lesson to Eu­ heart and helping hand. I have found apply: "Whoever has Berlin, has Germany; rope. For in a certain sense the Middle East whoever has Germany, has Europe." war last autumn was for the Soviets an im­ that JULIA was one of those people to If Lenin is not proof enough, just because portant dress rehearsal just as the Spanish whom I could go for counsel and help he died 50 years ago, then a statement by civil war was for Hitler's armies. For this on legislative problems, and know that I the Soviet Ambassador in Bonn, Valentin reason the experiences of the Yom Kippur would receive a thoughtful and wise re- Falin, may be recalled: "The compulsion of war are discussed in some detail. C.XX--393-Part 5 6236 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 From standing positions the Arabs have recently been increased. And trans­ further piece of West Berlin's viability is launched a grand attack, on the holiest feast port battalions of the East German Army sliced off; we have already gone much too of the Jewish year. There was no logistic are continuously rehearsing-with dum­ far. Over and above this the ties with West march beyond the scope of routine maneuvre, mies-the movement of tactical nuclear Germany must be built up as provided in which would have resulted in a warning pe­ rockets from dumps to operational positions. the Four-Power agreement. The Federal Of­ riod; the Israelis existing defence strategy And the constantly increasing number of fice for the Environment must not remain was thrown out of joint. They were taken divisions between Elbe and Oder? the only project. by surprise by the new operative art in which Besides six East German divisions, five To see things properly also means both to the Warsaw Pact powers have been trained Soviet armies, making 21 divisions, are sta­ increase Europe's own defensive potential since the experiences gained in the invasion tioned in the "GDR"; they include such elite and to strengthen the bonds with America of Czechoslovakia. formations as the 2nd Guards Army in the again. It must be said openly that everyone At the Suez Canal Europe was given a FUrstenberg area and the 3rd Thurst Army who advocates reducing or dismantling the first-hand demonstration of this art: super­ in the Magdeburg-Stendal area. American presence in Europe becomes an ad­ modern pioneer units with telescopic bridges, Further, in European Russia, in Czech­ vocate for Russia•s hegemony in Europe. submarine tracks and collapsible bridges ef­ oslovakia, Poland and Hungary, besides the To see things properly means, finally, fected a quick leap over the waterway ob­ national armed forces a further eight Soviet not to take neutral attitudes where, appar­ stacle. Amphibious tanks passed soundlessly armies with at least 36 divisions are sta­ ently remotely, ones own position is threat­ and invisibly under water from bank to bank. tioned, alJ of them being reequipped with ened and on the other hand one's heart is Battle helicopters flying below the radar improved offensive weapon systems; again, engaged, especially the hearts of the Ger­ screen secured the first lines of communica­ the USSR has prolonged conscription service mans in Israel. tion. And the SAM 6 and easily handled for all the armed forces by a year. This makes To see things properly and to act accord­ SAM 7 rockets protected the bridges and it clear why leading NATO generals are now ingly is the way, the only way, to avert bridgeheads successfully from the Israeli saying openly that for them the much catastrophe. fighter aircraft. praised programme word "detente" has ac­ Only if Berlin despite all objections by Two Egyptian armies were thrown across quired a different meaning from its original the 111-quali:fi.ed is built up in close coopera­ the 150-200 yards wide Suez Canal in a few emotional connotation: for them it means tion with Bonn, can it remain viable. Only days. A thousand Soviet-type tanks with a burden of concern and precariousness. if Europe turns away from the path of dis­ night-sights and large-calibre cannon stood, Within a year a German election slogan has cord and self-seeking, can the continent twelve hours after the attack began, ready lost its glamour. resist the pressure from the East. Only i! for battle on the eastern bank. This means in figures: 70 divisions under NATO is strong and operable wlll it prevent The trick only failed to succeed by a hair's Soviet command in forward positions face the Soviets from achieving its aims by threats breadth. Had the Arabs, with their ten-times some 25 NATO divisions between Rhine and or by the use of arms. And only if the entire superior tank forces and their effective anti­ Elbe. Roughly 16,000 tanks against 5,500. The free world is conscious of its great respon­ aircraft and anti-tank weapons, struck a less proportion is similar in the air forces, rocket sibllity towards Israel, and acts accordingly, experienced, less determined opponent, one units, parachute regiments and air-landing will a way to peace in the Middle East be less imbued with the archaic fighting spirit, formations. found which leads all concerned into a bet­ they would have overrun the Sinai Penin­ At the Suez Canal it was proved that ter future. sula, the Golan Heights and the Land of Egyptian ground troops could overcome a It is very late-but not too late! Israel. wide waterway obstacle at speed and secure The superbly equipped aggressors were the air space above their attacking forces only stopped by better soldiers. Contempt and bridgeheads. The tank divisions beyond for death, nurtured by the certainty in every the Elbe are equipped with the same amphib­ JULIA BUTLER HANSEN Israeli that his only choice is to hold out ian vehicles which crossed the Suez Canal or to fall, saved the situation and with the under water; at the Elbe the same super­ aid of good weapons from American stocks modern bridging equipment is based; and averted catastrophe. Only that. That is the some 10,000 T-26 tanks with large calibre HON. AL ULLMAN lesson to be learned. cannon and infrared night sights stand ready OF OREGON The hot war for the stake of Israel was for operations. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES followed, in accordance with Soviet inten­ SAM rockets and FROG anti-tank rockets, tions, by economic war waged by most of which made military history at the Suez Tuesday, March 5, 1974 the oil-exporting countries against the in­ Canal, are waiting behind the Elbe; para­ dustrial nations of the West. Even though chute brigades, helicopter fighter squadrons, Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, one of our some oil potentates try to turn back, because single combat commandoes, are at war most gifted colleagues, and a very close heavy setbacks to the West would also harm strength; hunter-bomber squadrons for sup­ friend of mine from the Northwest, Con­ them, and some of the statesmen among porting infantry operations walt in well gresswoman JULIA BUTLER HANSEN, has them took no part from the very beginning, concealed hangars ready to take off and can decided to retire at the end of this Con­ this oil war is by no means over. And what be in the air 30 minutes after an alarm. gress. She said that after 37 years of is often forgotten: besides its economic reper­ On top of this the Soviets have of late public service she wants to return to cussions felt by every citizen, it has grievous greatly reinforced their pioneer troops in military significance. the "GDR" for crossing waterways. New Cathlamet, Wash., and have some time to Modern armed forces and their air cover pioneer regiments have been transferred to herself. She has done an outstanding job cannot operate without fuel. NATO petrol Wittenberg, Magdeburg, Rathenow and in her years here, and if there is anyone reserves are enough for 56 days; by the 57th Frankfurt/Oder. Their slab-bridges for put­ who can say "I have worked hard and day, therefore, victory must be won. If not, ting tanks and artlllery across waterways now I am done," it is Mrs. HANSEN. what happens on Day 58? The question is were last year increased to a total length of But that does not make me any hap­ legitimate. 600 metres-and at Hamburg the Elbe is 500 pier about her decision. The Congress The Warsaw Pact armies are at full war metres wide. will miss her sharp mind and capable strength and without major preparation can In the climate of head-in-the-sand politics mount a limited offensive across the Elbe so revered in these times it is considered in handling of appropriations matters. And within 24 hours. Only a few days are needed bad taste to write or speak openly about we, in the Northwest, will greatly miss to start a grand offensive against western plans and preparations for conquest by the her leadership. Her grasp of the resource Europe. USSR. To belittle is good form, to warn is issues so vital to Washington and Ore­ There is food for thought when in the shocking. gon has been a major reason for the con­ "GDR" the number of large-scale mllitary The interferences on the access routes tinued economic vitality and growth of maneuvres doubled last year: 16 in 1972, 32 to Berlin were internal security measures; that region. Her willingness to speak out in 1973. the threats of "GDR" politicians are routine Supplies and communications capability of statements for domestic consumption, not resolutely and clearly on the difficult the Soviet forces in the "GDR" has also been to be taken seriously; the Middle East war questions we must face all across the Na­ doubled by the introduction of new seven­ broke out against the will and intentions of tion has been a source of courage to ton trucks. the USSR; and the increases in armaments many of her colleagues. And her patience East Germany's air force, hitherto aligned are only made so that generous offers can be and understanding in dealing with all of to defence, has been converted to offensive made at disarmament talks. us in the Congress has few rivals. strategy by the formation of new hunter­ That is one way of looking at it. That or Mr. Speaker, I very heartily salute bomber division. Within an hour these something like it was the way the nations Congresswoman HANsEN for her achieve­ aircraft can be converted to operate with for years looked at events in Germany afte~ tactical nuclear bombs. 1933-untll it was too late. ments and her years of dedicated public Stocks of tactical nuclear weapons in the Today we must see things properly before service. She deserves our praise and our security area of each air force base where it is too late again. What does this mean? thanks. The Nation could not have been hunter-bomber formations are stationed It means watching that not one single better served. March 11, 1974 EXTENSibNS OF REMARKS 6237 AMERICAN :MEDICINE: THE CLAM­ Brother," by James J. Kilpatrick as it The protesting doctors who have been appeared in the January 2, i974 edition flooding me with letters of anguish may MY HAND OF BIG BROTHER be suffering a Chicken Little syndrome. of the Washington Star News and insert Many of them tend to be political hypochon­ it into the RECORD at this time: driacs anyhow. The system may not be as HON. PHILIP M. CRANE THE CLAMMY HAND OF BIG BROTHER OF n.LINOIS bad as they apprehend. But my own obser­ The practice of medicine in the United vations of the bureaucratic virus persuade IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States enters a new and Oininous phase this me that the PSRO plan is a wasting disease, Monday, March 11, 1974 week, as Big Brother lays his clammy hand insidious and destructive, demeaning and upon physicians across the country. Hence­ degrading. And sad to say, the bureaucratic Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, while many forth, doctors treating patients under Medi­ disease is easy enough to diagnose, but al­ Americans are concerned about the cur­ care and Medicaid must submit themselves most impossible to cure. rent proposals for some form of multi­ to Professional Standards Review Organiza­ nationalized medicine, few seem aware tions. The doctors have every right to be con­ of the fact that the existing Govern­ cerned at the prospect, and their patients should be concerned as well. ment medical programs-medicare and Such concepts as "professional standards" JOHNSTOWN, PA. medicaid-are already well on their way and "professional review" of course are not to making participating physicians into new. Every doctor, before he begins his prac­ mere Government bureaucrats and tice, has to pass a board of medical exam­ HON. JOHN P. MURTHA agents. iners. If he is attached to a hospital, he reg­ OF PENNSYLVANIA In December 1973, just prior to the marly faces the judgment and criticism of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES congressional Christmas recess, Secre­ his peers. For gross mistakes, he is subject to suit for malpractice. His license to practice Monday, March 11, 1974 tary of Health, Education, and Welfare can be revoked. No doctor operates with un­ Weinberger announced that the Govern­ trammeled freedom. Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, the 12th ment will no longer cover the cost of Yet the PSRO's involve a new form of reg­ Congressional District of Pennsylvania, trade name prescription drugs under u1ation and supervision that is different not which I represent, is looking for indus­ medicare and medicaid if lower priced merely in degree, but in kind. These organi­ try to employ its young people. Johns­ generic medicines are available. zations, for all practical purposes, are to be town, the city in question, has long had a The new HEW policy is based upon the agencies of the federal bureaucracy. To be reputation for high productivity because assumption that generic drugs are, in sure, they will be composed of local physi­ the people of Johnstown are hard-work­ cians, drawn at the outset from local medi­ fact, the equivalent, in every respect, of cal societies, but they will be funded by fed­ ing, enthusiastic citizens. Right now prescription drugs. There is no real evi­ eral funds and they will be staffed by federal there is a sizable labor pool of skilled dence to confirm this assumption. civil servants. workers who are looking for industry. What this ruling does, in effect, is in­ Until quite recently, little had been heard Early in 1973, in recognition of its stitute a policy of first- and second-class of the PSRO program. The review plan was exemplary governance, renewal program, medicine. Those patients who are not re­ authorized under a floor amendment to the and community spirit, Johnstown was ceiving assistance from the medicare Social Security Act of Oct. 30, 1972. Few mem­ proclaimed a 1972 "All America City" by bers of Congress, eager to get home for elec­ and medicaid programs will be able to tions, paid much attention. No public hear­ the Saturday Evening Post and the purchase the drugs which their doctors ings were held. A considerable time elapsed National Municipal League. In the en­ believe to be the best available. Those before doctors discovered the 15 pages of fine tire United States, only 10 other cities who are receiving Government assist­ type creating an elaborate, nationwide sys­ were accorded this honor. ance will receive such assistance only for tem of local, state and federal review of their Johnstown had not always been a the cheapest available drug, not neces­ professional medical decisions. Now many model of what an American city should sarily the drug which the physician be­ doctors belatedly are urging repeal of the be, or a source of pride to its residents. PSRO amendment. They make a good case. lieves to be best. The Government, in Under the law, each of the local PSRO's Prior to the 1960's, it was widely known effect, is telling doctors how they may "shall apply professionally developed norms principally for its disastrous floods of practice medicine with regard to those of care, diagnosis, and treatment, based upon 1889 and 1936. Its distinguishing char­ receiving Federal assistance. If a na­ typical patterns of practice in its regions." acteristics were rampant unemployment tionalized plan is implemented, all of us So long as a doctor stays within these and hideous scars raised by the floods will be subject to such arbitrary rulings. "norms,'' he stays out of trouble; but if his and urban decay. Perhaps the most serious interference PSRO disapproves one of hls medical deci­ In the 1940's, with one of the most of Government in the practice of medi­ sions, no funds appropriated under Medi­ ambitious flood control projects in his­ care or Medicaid may be disbursed for pay­ cine comes with the professional stand­ ment of the particu1ar claim. tory, Johnstown subdued nature's vio­ ard review organizations. Under that The plan is subject to criticism at the lence. Since completion of the project, program, the confidentiality of the doc­ outset merely lin terms of the paperwork it the Stony Creek and Little Conemaugh tor-patient relationship is eliminated, must entail. In a case of elective surgery, Rivers have passively watched the city's and doctors who treat patients under the local PSRO may approve or disapprove resurgence. medicare and medicaid must turn all of in advance of a patient's admission to a hos­ Johnstown's revitalization began in their office records over to Government pital. If a doctor feels his patient should be the late 1950's with city council's estab­ inspectors. As norms are established, hospitalized beyond the "norm,'' he must lishment of the redevelopment authority. so certify, and h'i.s medical judgment will be they will be told when and whether a pa­ reviewed. Agents of each PSRO may inspect In just over a decade, the redevelopment tient may be entered into a hospital, a doctor's offices, go over his most confiden­ program has excised the scars and re­ when and whether an operation may tial patient records, and second-guess his placed them with marks of beauty. Rus­ take place, and how long a patient who every diagnosis and prescription. tic parklets, sparkling, modern stores is admitted to a hospital will be able to As the Wall Street Journal has observed, and refurbished houses, apartments, and remain there. the doctor who submits to this smothering office buildings have burgeoned on land Discussing the PSRO program, colum­ regulation will have little time left for his once infested with ramshackle housing, nist James J. Kilpatrick, notes that- patients. The temptation, in any doubtful dilapidated stores and shabby offices. case, will be to abide by the omnipresent These organizations, for all practical pur­ "norm"-to steer clear of innovation, to go In Johnstown, urban renewal has not poses, are to be agencies of the federal bu­ strictly by the book. Perhaps this regimen­ been a euphemism for squandering taxes reaucracy ... they will be funded by fed­ or forcing residents to flee the central eral funds and they will be staffed by fed­ tation will benefit the poor and the elderly. It somehow seems unlikely. city. Instead, it has created new jobs by eral civil servants. Granted, the controversy has two sides. bringing in industry, generated better Mr. Kilpatrick concludes that- Medicaid and Medicare constitute a $17 bil­ housing, incerased the tax base, and sig­ My own observations of the bureaucratic lion dra'i.n upon the taxpayers every year. nificantly improved the quality of life. virus persuade me that the PSRO plan is a . The people have a right to insist on some The success of urban renewal in wasting disease, insidious and destructive, accountability. Beyond question, as doctors Johnstown derives from the involvement demeaning and degrading. And sad to say, themselves freely acknowledge, thousands of operations are needlessly performed, and of the total community. Renewal has the bureaucratic disease is easy enough to been a serious cooperative venture of diagnose, but almost impossible to cure. thousands of patients are hospitalized be­ yond the point at which they might be govemment, industry, labor, and busi­ I wish to share with my colleagues the safely discharged. Why should the taxpayers ness, rather than a plan of government column, "The Clammy Hand of Big be soaked for unnecessary expense? alone. 6238 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 The people of Johnstown have di­ countered a community where the individ­ expressway provides easy access to the rected their energies toward other areas ual citizen takes greater interest in what iS new high-speed Interstate Highway Sys­ of concern as well. In 1960, to eliminate going on about him or is more willing to sup­ port worthwhile community projects active­ tem. To the south, the expressway con­ the causes of high unemployment, the ly. There is a general quest for excellence nects the city with the Pennsylvania Johnstown Industrial Development that is remarkable. Tumpike-the Nation's first limited-ac­ Committee, composed of all segments of cess highway-and U.S. 30, two principal the community, launched a million-dol­ The quest for excellence among the east-west routes. The turnpike connects lar fund campaign to promote industrial people of Johnstown is equally apparent with Interstate 70 and '85 for travel to diversification. in the city's stores, offices and factories. Washington, D.C. and the South. Wash­ Two years later, the committee pur­ Throughout the century, Johnstown ington is about 4 hours and Pittsburgh is chased a 263-acre tract that now houses workers have been among the most pro­ only about 1.5 hours by car. To the north, the $12 million-and-growing Johnstown ductive in the world. Says Dr. Biddle of the expressway joins U.S. 22, and in the Industrial Park. For business, industry, Johnstowner's work ethics: near future will extend north to meet and other organizations, the industrial I don't know of any area whose people Interstate 80. park offers carefully planned facilities, work harder or have more collective skill. A The Johnstown-Cambria County Air­ recent occurrence at the UPJ campus is typi­ an excellent system of roads and com­ cal. During the summer, our maintenance port, within 10 minutes' drive of either plete facilities. staff-<:omposed primarily of former miners­ downtown Johnstown or the UPJ cam­ To assure more effective local gov­ built a large, rustic log cabin for our stu­ pus, provides 9 daily departures for, and ernment, the Greater Johnstown Com­ dents to use as a recreational area. They un­ 11 daily arrivals from, Pittsburgh Inter­ mittee recently helped to change the dertook the project on their own and com­ national Airport. These Allegheny com­ city's government from a relatively in­ pleted it in their spare moments. Such dedi­ muter flights on jetpowered Beech 99 air­ effectual commission to a strong mayor­ cation and industry, I believe, generally are craft enable the busy executive to reach council form. Like the redevelopment rare today, but not in Johnstown. Pittsburgh International Airport in program, the change demonstrates the In the steel mills, in the mines and in about the same time as persons travel­ city's emphasis on efficiency in govern­ other business, and industrial endeavors, ing by car from downtown Pittsburgh ment. Johnstown workers continue to demon­ but without the frustration of a traffic Today, Johnstown is "alive,'' bustling strate their penchant for high productiv­ jam. From Pittsburgh International, with progress and serving as a source of ity. Their ability to produce and their more than 300 domestic and interna­ pride to its own residents and to the concern for the welfare of the commu­ tional flights are available daily. Johns­ entire Nation. Few cities have accom­ nity make Johnstown an ideal place for town-Cambria County Airport offers plished as much as Johnstown in the businesses, industries and other organi­ through ticketing and baggage checking last 15 years. Because of these accom­ zations to grow and to prosper. on any scheduled flight to any destina­ plishments, Johnstown is truly an "All LOCATION tion. Other services include air express, American City." Johnstown offers industry a central air freight, charter flights, Hertz car ren­ THE PEOPLE location in one of the world's largest tal, taxi service, special limousine rates, The history of Johnstown's resurgence coal-producing and coal using regions, free parking, a restaurant and a lounge. ts a tribute to its dedicated, determined yet conveniently situated near the major The airport has three runways; the long­ people. Laborer, business executive, stu­ industrial, research, and governmental est is 5,500 feet. dent, educator, housewife, government centers of the country. Freight service is maintained on a leader--each proud of the community Fifty percent of the Nation's industrial broad schedule by the Penn Central, Bal­ and confident of his or her ability to purchases are made, and 50 percent of its timore & Ohio, Conemaugh & Black overcome adversity-have worked side by spendable income is generated, within Lick, and Johnstown & Stony Creek side to guide Johnstown to a place of 240 miles of the city. Seven of the 10 Railroads. Amtrak provides daily train distinction among the Nation's cities. largest cities in the United States-with passenger service from Johnstown to If the people of Johnstown had aban­ a population of more than 66 million­ Baltimore, Chicago, Indianapolis, Kan­ doned their city, no one would have been are within 300 miles. Seventy percent of sas City, New York, Philadelphia, St. critical of them. The floods and the un­ the country's population is within 500 Louis, and Washington, D.C. employment would have forced less miles. Three Greyhound buses leave the city hearty, less devoted people to escape to The city is in the general proximity of daily for eastern and southern destina­ other communities. more than 150 research and testing tions such as Baltimore, Harrisburg, New But the people of Johnstown stayed to laboratories in western Pennsylvania. York, Philadelphia, and Washington, solve their own problems, to rebuild These include the U.S. Bureau of Mines D.C. There also are three west-bound their city and to establish a reputation Coal Research Lab at Bruceton, the Con­ departures. for industrial productivity. Even though solidation Coal Research Center at Li­ Locally, a taxi company and several their unemployment rate sometimes grew brary, u.s. Steel Research Center at bus lines serve the city. higher than any other cities in the coun­ Monroeville and the engineering and No matter what means of transporta­ try, they stayed, and they donated more scientific research facilities for the Uni­ tion is preferred or required, Johnstown than $1 million to build the Cambria versity of Pittsburgh and Carnegie­ can provide it conveniently and effi­ County war Memorial, a 5,000-seat arena Mellon University in Pittsburgh. The ex­ ciently. honoring World War II veterans and pro­ pertise of these organizations is readily TRANSPORTATION TIMES TO MAJOR CITIES viding a deluxe home for sports, exhibits, available to organizations located in By air: banquests, conventions, and town Johnstown. I Johnstown to Pittsburgh, 35 minutes. meetings. Johnstown is the primary market for Johnstown to Atlanta, 2 hours 20 min- They stayed, and they contributed more than 320,000 persons. Moreover, it utes. more than $3 million to establish a new is centrally located in western Penn­ Johnstown to Boston, 1 hour 55 min­ campus for the University of Pittsburgh sylvania, a market of more than 7 mil­ utes. at Johnstown-UPJ-the 4-year degree­ lion persons. This regional market pro­ Johnstown to Buffalo, 1 hour 20 min­ granting regional college of the Univer­ duces thousands of diversified products utes. sity of Pittsburgh. at almost 8,000 plants and employs more Johnstown to Chicago, 1 hour 45 min­ Observes Dr. Theodore W. Biddle, re­ than 705,000 people who are paid more utes. tired UPJ president who now serves as than $4.8 billion for their work. It in­ Johnstown to New' York, 1 hour 40 the college's director of development and cludes 62,000 retail establishments with minutes. alumni affairs: annual sales of more than $7 billion and Johnstown to St. Louis, 1 hour 55 min­ I would not want to minimize the im­ 8,348 wholesale businesses with sales in utes. portance of business and industry in the excess of $8.3 billion annually. Johnstown to Washington, D.C., 1 hour campaign to raise money for our new cam­ TRANSPORTATION 25 minutes. pus; they were extremely generous. But our fund-raising efforts would have failed with­ Modern highways and complete airline Johnstown to San Francisco. out grass-roots support among the people. services link Johnstown conveniently By car: In all my experience-and I have spent my with the rest of the Nation. Johnstown to Pittsburgh, 1 hour 30 life working with people-! have never en- The recently completed U.S. Route 219 minutes. March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6239 Johnstown to Harrisburg, 2 hours 30 Homes are available in the Johnstown The area also is served by nearby St. minutes. area in a broad range of styles, prices, Francis College of Loretto, which has Johnstown to Philadelphia, 4 hours and neighborhoods. Urban renewal has provided education for the past century 30 minutes. removed much of the substandard hous­ and a quarter, and Indiana University of Johnstown to Washington, D.C., 4 ing that once blighted sections of the Pennsylvania, with an enrollment of hours. city. As a result, property values in all 9,000 students. One of the finest Catholic FINANCING neighborhoods are likely to increase. colleges in the East, St. Francis offers a Like other metropolitan centers, Tree-lined streets and parks abound in broad range of degree programs in the Johnstown is dependent upon the avail­ both the downtown area and in the liberal arts, as well as a graduate pro­ ability of financial support in order to suburbs. gram in industrial relations. Indiana grow and to prosper. Johnstown's nine Apartment construction has increased awards degrees in the liberal arts and major financial institutions already have significantly in the past several years. education. Both UPJ and St. Francis offer played important roles in the city's re­ Comfortable apartments are available in adult evening education programs. development and in the development of new high-rise buildings in the downtown Many educational opportunities in the its industrial park. They are now pre­ area and in many townhouse-style de­ health field are available. Men and pared to assist prospective businesses, velopments in the suburbs. women interested in nursing may attend industries, and other agencies in estab­ For overnight guests, Johnstown has Conemaugh Valley Memorial Hospital lishing facilities. a new Sheraton Motor Inn in the heart School of Nursing, where a 34-month Together, these nine institutions have of the city and a Holiday Inn in one of program leads to a diploma. An associate combined deposits of more than $561 mil­ the suburbs. Many other excellent local degree in nursing may be earned by com­ lion and assets exceeding $646 million. accommodations are available. pleting a 2-year program at nearby Their branch offices are conveniently lo­ All of Johnstown's housing is within Mount Aloysius Junior College. The local cated throughout Greater Johnstown, minutes of the downtown shopping area hospitals work with the Johnstown Area and they have ample mortgage money to or the many suburban shopping centers. Vocational-Technical School in training finance housing purchases at favorable The downtown features two major de­ practical nurses and laboratory assist­ interest rates. partment stores and numerous specialty ants. High school graduates may also ob­ Special programs to aid new business shops. In addition, a spacious new mall tain training in X-ray and operating and industry also are available. is under construction within 10 minutes room technology. The Pennsylvania Industrial Develop­ drive of the city. Specialized educational needs also are ment Authority-PIDA-provides low­ EDUCATION met by the Cambria-Rowe Business Col­ interest second mortgage money for up The people of the Johnstown area lege and the Johnstown College of Music. to 40 percent of land and buildings costs recognize that an excellent education Children of Johnstown area residents through local, non-profit industrial de­ system is essential to development. As a also may pw·sue study at a dozen other velopment corporations, as long as the result, the area offers facilities and di­ institutions in western Pennsylvania that first mortgage money is available through versified curricula of the highest quality, enroll more than 45,000 students. Among regular financial institutions and the beginning at the elementary level and them are Carnegie-Mellon University, business or industry supplies at least 10 continuing beyond high school. Duquesne University, and Point Park Col­ percent of the required funds. Thirty-one public schools, including a lege. These institutions offer various cur­ The Cambria County Industrial Devel­ central high school and three junior high ricula ranging from 2-year associate de­ opment Authority-CCIDA-is empow­ schools, and 14 parochial schools, gree programs to advanced programs ered to issue revenue bonds or mortgages including a high school, are located in leading to the doctorate in the arts and for up to 100 percent of the cost of in­ the city. Four other school districts with sciences. dustrial development or expansion. The 24 elementary and 11 secondary schools Whatever a student's career choice ed­ cost may include land, buildings and in­ serve communities immediately sur­ ucational opportunities for pursui:r{g it stalled equipment and machinery. In­ rounding the city. All are continually up­ are plentiful in the Johnstown area. terest on the bonds or mortgages issued dating their curricula so that their stu­ MEDICAL CARE by the authority is exempt from Federal dents will be prepared to solve the prob­ With three hospitals in the city it­ taxes. lems of a rapidly changing world. self and several others in surrounding Pennsylvania Development Credit, a The Johnstown area is proud to have communities, Johnstown area residents group of Pennsylvania banks, makes been one of the first in the Nation to de­ receive high-quality medical care. To­ high-risk credit loans generally at rates velop a vocational-technical school. The gether, Conemaugh Valley Memorial, Lee of 2 to 3 percent above the prime lending Greater Johnstown Area Vocational­ and Mercy Hospitals can accommodate rate. The Appalachian Regional Com­ Technical School offers a secondary edu­ more than 1,200 patients at one time. mission funds access roads to industrial cation program that prepares students to All accredited by the Joint Commis­ sites. be skilled craftsmen and to continue sion on Accreditation of Hospitals, these Johnstown's financial institutions are their education in colleges and other in­ hospitals offer such specialized services dedicated to making every effort to ob­ stitutions of advanced learning. It also as intensive care, X-ray, cobalt and ra­ tain sufficient funding for any business, provides adult postsecondary education dium therapy, a diagnostic and thera­ industry or other organization wishing to in such fields as legal and medical secre­ peutic radioisotope facility, an inhalation establish facilities in Johnstown. tarial practice, drafting, commercial art, therapy department, a premature nurs­ and automotive, construction, data proc­ ery, physical therapy, alcoholic rehabili­ essing, design, electronics, and electrical tation and inpatient renal-kidney­ Financial institutions Assets Deposits technology. dialysis. All three maintain modern, life­ The community is equally proud of the saving emergency treatment facilities, Cambria Savings & Loan Asso- University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown, a ciation ______$130,982,882 $100, 822, 690 and provide dental services. Citizens National Bank______26, 222,313 24, 327, 150 4-year regional college of the University Each of the Johnstown hospitals also Dale National Bank ______30,905, 255 28, 144, 972 of Pittsburgh. Established at Johnstown Friendly City Federal Savings provides inpatient psychiatric care. Spe­ & Loan Association ______32, 139, 237 28,526,403 in 1927, UPJ was moved to a new 170- cialized services are available nearby. Joh nstown Bank and Trust Co_ _ 93, 837, 077 83,260, 288 acre campus in suburban Johnstown in Johnstown Federal Savings & Ebensburg State School and Hospital Loan Association______7, 027, 669 5, 960,533 1966. In 1971, 4-year degree programs trains the mentally retarded between the Johnstown Savings Bank______77,414, 405 71 ,475,887 were initiated in the arts and sciences, ages of 3 and 15. At Cresson State School Moxham National Bank______36, 177, 441 32, 493,402 education, and engineering technology. United States National Bank __ 211, 256, 006 185, 844, 973 and Hospital, there are individually Today, Johnstown area students have the planned programs for mentally retarded option of completing a range of innova­ of all ages, along with complete diag­ HOUSING tive degree programs at UPJ or of relo­ nostic services. Long-term psychiatric Johnstown is a pleasant place to live. cating to the main campus in Pittsburgh care is provided at Somerset State Its crime rate-lowest in the Nation for after 1 or 2 years for other programs. Hospital. a city of its size-outstanding schools UPJ's status as a State-related university The Pennsylvania Rehabilitation Cen­ and abundant recreational and cultural receiving tuition subsidies from the State ter in Johnstown is the largest facility of opportunities make it an excellent place puts a college education within the finan­ its kind in the world. The center en­ to work and raise a family. cial range of most families. compasses 50 acres and operates a 11- 6240 EXTENSIONS ·oF REMARKS March 11, 1974 censed training school for the handi­ matched. Deer, bear, and small game For active persons who like fresh air capped. abound in the forests and fields within and the outdoors, Johnstown has much Johnstown is fortnnate in having pro­ an hour's drive of the city. Numerous to ofi'er. duced many doctors and dentists who sportsmen's clubs, o:fiering both shooting SPECTATOR SPORTS have returned to their community to and archery, testify to Johnstown's in­ Professional hockey and a wealth of p.ractice. As a result, there are ample terest in hunting. Meanwhile, trout and anaateur sports capture the interest of numbers of general practitioners and spe­ other game fish are plentiful in the Johnstown's armchair coaches. cialists in all fields. area's monntain streams. The importance of spectator sports to Johnstown residents also have easy Nearby Prince Gallitzin State Park, Johnstowners is indicated by their en­ access to the health care facilities of Pennsylvania's largest, features a 1,640- thusiastic support of the Johnstown Jets, Pittsburgh, one of the world's excellent acre mountain lake surrounded by 26 the city's entry in the North American medical centers. It was in Pittsburgh, miles of forested shoreline and beaches. Hockey League. Johnstown is the which is less than 2 hours away by auto The ideal place for summer family fun, smallest city in the country to support a and only 35 minutes away by air, that the park has areas for swimming, fishing, professional hockey team. the first polio vaccine was developed. sailing, and power boating. For campers, The Jets play their home games at the Innovation remains the key to the city's tenting and trailer accommodations are Cambria Country War Menaorial, an all­ approach to health care. Among its other available. Quiet coves and inlets, rustic purpose arena where each of the 5,000 medical facilities, Pittsburgh o:fiers spe­ picnic areas, and scenic trails are other seats is close to the action. The War cialized care of boys and girls at Chil­ top attractions. Memorial also hosts the annual Holiday drens' Hospital. In winter, the Johnstown area a:fiords Basketball Tournament, which attracts Because of its location in the heart of the finest skiing in the east at seven re­ the finest high school players in the Na­ the Nation's coal industry, Johnstown sorts, including the world famous Seven tion. Among the schoolboys who have has been selected as one of five centers Springs, Blue, Knob, and Hidden Val­ participated in the holiday classic, in Pennsylvania to conduct a black lung ley. Snowmobiling and ice skating are Pennsylvania's first, are Wilt Chamber­ screening program among active and in­ offered at many locations. Area resi­ lain and Walt Frazier. Professional active coal miners. dents may ice skate and take lessons at wrestling and roller derby are other pop­ WORSHIP the Cambria County War Memorial. ular War Memorial attractions. For du:fiers and pros alike, the golfing Each spring, the amateur golf world Johnstown has been accurately de­ converges on Johnstown's Sunnehanna scribed as a "City of Churches." is excellent. Ten golf courses and ranges Regular worship and participation in serve the immediate Johnstown area, Country Club for the Golf Tournament and 11 more are within an hour's drive. of Champions, the "World Series" of religious fellowship experiences and so­ amateur golf. Golfing greats like Arnold cial welfare projects are important to Countless scenic and historical sites attract Johnstown residents and tour­ Palmer and Jack Nicklaus played in the many residents. Newcomers are invited to tournament. share in the city's active religious life. ists alike. The Conemaugh Gap, the sec­ ond deepest gorge east of the Rocky For more than 25 years, Johnstown More than 150 churches minister to has hosted the All American Amateur members of a broad spectrum of Chris­ Mountains, provides a breath-taking panorama from the highest point in the Baseball Tournament, a weekend base­ tian faiths. The churches testify not only ball extravaganza with at least 15 teams to the people's concern for religion, but United States between Johnstown and the Rockies. Johnstown boasts the from thoughout the Eastern United also to the city's ethnic origins. There are States and Canada. Nine baseball fields, churches with traditions rooted in Africa, world's steepest inclined plane. Within minutes of the city is Seldom Seen Val­ including the fully lighted, 17,000-seat Germany, Greece, Poland, Russia, Ser­ Point Stadium in downtown Johnstown, bia, the Ukrain and other regions. The ley Mine, which gives the public an op­ portunity to see a simulated coal mining are utilized. Almost 80 players who won headquarters of the Greek Orthodox re­ positions on major league teams have ligion in the eastern half of the United operation. Among the other scenic and historical attractions are Fort Ligonier, played in the tournament. States is located in the city. High school and collegiate sports draw A temple and two synagogues serve the Johnstown Flood Museum, the Ad­ miral E. Peary Monument, the gardens thousands of spectators annually. Forty members of the Hebrew faith, and there high schools within 40 miles of the city are a number of independent and experi­ of St. Francis College, Forest Zoo, and Idlewild Amusement Park. field teams in football, basketball, base­ mental churches. ball, golf, tennis, track, and other sports. Because of the broad range of faiths Through its Municipal Recreation Commission, Johnstown conducts an ex­ Basketball is a major sport at the Uni­ represented, Johnstown's churches span versity of Pittsburgh at Johnstown and the entire architectural spectrum and tensive summer recreation program for yonng people and adults. Thirty-six St. Francis, the two colleges nearest the contribute significantly to the beauty and city. diversity of the community. playgrounds and a staff of 65 instruc­ tors, including 9 supervisors, are util­ For professional sports enthusiasts, Religious faiths active in the Johns­ Pittsburgh is a brief drive away. The town area include: African Methodist ized. In addition, the commission main­ tains 14 baseball fields and tennis courts Pittsburgh Pirates baseball team and the Episcopal, Assemblies of God, Baptist, Pittsburgh Steelers football team both Brethern, Christian, Church of the in 6 areas. One of the highlights of the summer program is organized baseball have won divisional titles in recent years. Brethern, Church of Christ, Church of Johnstown's own spectator events and Christ Scientist, Church of God, Epis­ for yonngsters aged 7 through 19. During the winter months, the city its proximity to Pittsburgh make it a copal, Jehovah Witnesses, Lutheran, great sports town. Church of Christ LDS, Congregational, offers junior and senior league basket­ ball, as well as swimming program for CULTURAL LIFE Evangelical Congregational, First Born New awareness of the cultural world Church of the Living God, Faith Chapel, girls and bowling program for boys and girls in junior and senior high school. has acconapanied Johnstown•• resur­ Hebrew Independent, Johnstown Bible Hockey leagues are sponsored by busi­ gence. A multitude of activities satisfy Church, Mennonite Methodist, Nazarene, ness and industry. Thee YMCA, YWCA, all cultural tastes. Theater productions, Orthodox, Pilgrim Church of God in Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, and the Senior art, and music entertain child and adult Christ, Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, Citizens Organization also provide a alike. Seventh Day Adventist, United Church varied recreation program. The Johnstown Symphony Orchestra of Christ, United Methodist. Similar recreation programs are con­ performs an extensive series of concerts RECREATION ducted in the suburbs. from October through May to standing What Disney World is to amusement Connoisseurs of excellent food will room only audiences. The Symphony parks, the Johnstown area is to recrea­ find Johnstown to their liking. Ameri­ Society also sponsors a varied concert tion. Hnnting, fishing, camping, boating, can, European, and Oriental dishes are series. Future Van Cliburns and Sterns sailing, sight-seeing, softball, basketball, available at a variety of pleasant restau­ have an opportunity to develop their football, golfing, hockey, ice skating, and rants. Many of them provide entertain­ talents with the Johnstown Youth skiing-Johnstown has them all, making ment. Symphony. it a sportsman's paradise. Numerous fraternal organizations and Each spring the Johnstown Area Arts Except for the fabled lands of some social clubs sponsor a variety of activi­ Connell conducts an arts festival and, late-night movies, the hunting is un- ties. with the Associates Community Art Cen- March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6241 ter of Johnstown and other cultural or­ I hope that my colleagues will join me vides for "the identification o! a rail service ganizations, sponsors concerts, shows, in voting affirmatively on this amend­ system in the . • • northeast region which lectures, and educational programs. ment which, I believe, is a constructive is adequate to meet the needs and service Through these organizations, courses for requirements of this region and of the na­ and reasonable step in restructuring the tional rail transportation system." While I children and adults are offered in art impact aid program. don't believe anyone would take issue with appreciation, creative art, photography, the fact that in many areas we need slimmed· and painting. Many cultural activities down and consolidated rail service, still I center around the David A. Glosser Me­ submit that the Rail Bill's declared purpose morial Library, a facility established in McKINNEY SCORES DOT PLAN FOR is not met in the Department of Transporta­ 1971 and three times larger than its NORTHEAST RAIL tion's recommendations for Connecticut. One predecessor. quarter of Connecticut's total rail mileage, that is, 164 miles, is recommended for ex­ To the war memorial come such at­ clusion from the final rail system plan. Over tractions as indoor circuses, Holiday on HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY OF CONNECTICUT half of Connecticut's stations would be dis­ Ice, Disney on Parade, the Royal Lipizzan continued for freight service should DOT's Stallions, and a variety of music groups. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plan be effected. Popular rock and jazz groups and dis­ Monday, March 11, 1974 DOT's recommendations are too harsh, too tinguished lecturers also appear regu­ drastic, based as they are on a one dimen­ larly at the University of Pittsburgh at Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, heeding sional analysis. On such a crucial transpor­ Johnstown, St. Francis College, and other the urgent pleas of Connecticut officials, tation issue, we can not take a bookkeeper's industry, and concerned citizen transpor­ approach, only examining carload figures for colleges and universities in the region. one year to determine those lines to be in­ Outstanding theater productions are tation groups, the Interstate Commerce Commission scheduled hearings in Hart­ cluded in the final system plan. Social, eco­ staged at the Mountain Playhouse in nomic and environmental factors must also Jennerstown and the Bedford Playhouse ford this week on the Department of be included in any evaluation process and in Bedford. The area's high schools and Transportation's recommendations for hence I welcome the Interstate Commerce colleges also present stage productions implementation of the Regional Rail Re­ Commission members to Connecticut, for and orchestra and choral concerts. organization Act. The response to these your presence indicates that you are respon­ hearings has been overwhelming, with sive to the concerns of our citizens and that Seven indoor movie theaters and there will be no hasty and unjustified reduc­ seven drive-ins serve the immediate the flood of witnesses necessitating week­ long hearings and limited time allotted tion in rail service. Johnstown area with the latest motion In a statement to my colleagues last Sep­ pictures. Numerous others are located in for testimony. Certainly this outpow·ing tember 11, 1973, while introducing legisla­ the surrounding communities. attests to the concern of Connecticut cit­ tion o! my own to address the rail crisis, I Johnstown today is a culturally aware izens over DOT's proposals for rail serv­ debated the question of which federal agency city with community-supported enter­ ice in New England and our State in should have primary responsibility for identi­ particular. fying the core system: the Department of tainment for every individual preference. Transportation or the Interstate Commerce Why Johnstown? The answer is clear­ It is good that we, in Congress, in en­ acting the Rail Reorganization Act, legis­ Commission. I stated that although I have because it offers a unique combination of had many objections to actions of the ICC, physical and esthetic attractions not lated a multilevel system for planning I believed that because that agency has had found anywhere else in the country, in a the final rail system plan, providing for vast experience with railroad operations and location exceptionally well suited to the input from various Federal agencies and the economies of the various sections of our needs of the industry which might locate public hearings on the proposals. DOT's States, it is better equipped than any other recommendations attest to our foresight. governmental body or group of experts to here as well as the professional and make the difficult decisions as to what serv­ personal needs of its staff. If this Nation is ever to have a sound rail­ road system, geared to meeting the needs ices are essential to the public and what services can be dispensed with in the name of our citizens for passenger service, for of operating economy. I also favored the meeting the freight needs of industry ICC because your proposal for reorganization AMENDMENT TO H.R. 69, ELEMEN­ and consumers, for meeting the needs of of the rail system maintained more trackage TARY AND SECONDARY EDUCA­ our national defense, we cannot accept than did DOT's plan and included provision TION ACT DOT's drastic curtailment of rail service. for Federal-State subsidies for abandonment. · The hearings being held by the ICC pre­ And, finally, the ICC expressed the interest sent an opportunity for our citizens in the and willingness to designate the core system. Hence, I want you to know that we are Northeast and the Midwest to voice their largely relying on you to correct the defi­ HON. ROBERT J. HUBER objections to DOT's plan, to present data ciencies of DOT's plan. I believe your first OF MICHIGAN in support of maintenance of lines ear­ job is to revise the concept that must have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES marked by DOT for abandonment, and to been foremost in the DOT planners' minds, counteract the premises and operating thwt is, cut back service to make the rail Monday, March 11, 1974 concepts that guided DOT in its decision­ system financially sound. I reject that con­ Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, when H.R. making process. cept as erroneous. Cutting back service does 69, the elementary and secondary edu­ At this time I would like to insert in not make for financial solvency. We in Con· is necticut know this for the story of the Penn cation amendments, considered by the the RECORD my testimony as presented to Central in Connecticut is this concept in ac­ House tomorrow or sometime thereafter, the ICC today in Hartford. tion and we can attest to it being untenable. I propose to offer the following amend­ The testimony follows: In fact, that is why our passenger and freight ment: STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE STEWART B. service is so dismal. Discontinuing service AMENDMENT TO PuBLIC LAW 874 McKINNEY, INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMIS­ means eliminating shippers which in turn Section 906. Section 403 (3) of the act o! SION HEARINGS, REGIONAL RAIL REORGANIZA­ means less income to the railroad. It's a September 30, 1950 (Public Law 874, 81st TION ACT, MARCH 11, 1974 vicious cycle for then the railroad discon­ Cong.), is amended to read as follows: Gentlemen: When I issued the call to Con­ tinues more service to cut costs, entailing "(3) The term 'parent' means any parent, necticut officials, industry and concerned elimination of additional shippers, meaning stepparent, legal guardian, or other individ­ citizens to petition the Interstate Commerce less revenue to the railroad, etc. ual standing in loco parentis, whose income Commission !or hearings to be held in Con­ I maintain the emphasis should be on from employment on Federal property is more necticut, certainly I don't think any of us improving service to attract business. By than 50 percent of the total combined in­ expected such a flood of witnesses at these instituting new operating and management come of such individual and the spouse o! hearings that were subsequently scheduled. techniques for efficiency, by upgrading track such individual." Surely this outpouring is indicative of the in­ conditions, by maintaining schedules and terest of our citizens in the maintenance meeting delivery and pick-up timetables­ If adopted, my amendment will at and improvement of our railroads and of these are some of the means by which our least eliminate from the impact aid pro­ their intense concern over the Department new railroad system will find itself in de· gram pupils whose parents in reality do of Transportation's recommendations !or the mand for services and can command the rev­ Northeast region and our State in particular. enues need to be financially self-sustaining. ~ot impact local educational agencies, I believe the Regional Rail Reorganization The drastic curtailment envisioned by the smce their residences and principal Act is good legislation which can be made DOT, if effected, wm prove another death.. places of work are subject to local taxa­ to work. One of the purposes set out in the blow to our nation's railroad system. For if tion. declaration of policy in the legislation pro- safeguards are not instituted, once these 6242 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 tracks are abandoned it will be near to im­ are in the process of constructing warehouses Indeed it is. And because DOT does not give possible to recoup them at a later date. along existing railroad lines because of their it the attention it deserves, we must turn One stated purpose of the ICC hearings is proximity to rail service. Now they find them­ to the ICC and ask that you give it priority to update the data which DOT programmed selves building along "potentially excess" attention. I reject the argument that freight into its recommendations. state and local lines. trains can not run the Northeast Corridor officials, Chambers of Commerce, and indus­ For many of Connecticut's small and me­ because we need to improve passenger serv­ try spokesmen will provide specific figures dium-sized manufacturers, the loss of rail ice. I maintain the two can operate together. for this purpose, citing growth potential sta­ service would be disastrous. The ICC must We desperately need rail freight movement tistics and social, economic and environ­ assess the impact of rail abandonments with through the Northeast Corridor for our high­ mental concerns that mandate maintenance respect to industry disclocations and the ways can not accommodate additional truck o! lines recommended for abandonment. loss of jobs. Here I might mention that the traffic. We must look to future expectations. Attention will also focus on "backdating" ICC must carefully consider the Canal Line, We must have through freight service for our the DOT data for a key problem in DOT's running from New Haven to Springfield, freight trains can not continue to travel plan for Connecticut is its reliance on 1972 Massachusetts. Statistics will be provided you the circuitous route from Washington to carload figures. This is a false index for action by the State Department of Transportation Boston. for, frankly speaking, ever since the Penn and other authorities to prove that the lower At present practically all freight from or Central took over the New Haven railroad in portion of this line, that is, New Haven to to the South and West enters and leaves 1968, the State has experienced poor service. Plainville, does indeed meet the ICC's "34- New England through the Selkirk Yard near A dramatic decline occurred in freight serv­ Carload Rule" and is close enough to the Albany. This may be reasonable for the ice in our State between 1968 and 1973, no~ DOT Lower Criteria with respect to proba­ West but certainly not for our Southern because shippers didn't want to utilize the bility of financial viability to definitely war­ traffic. Abandonment of the fioat in New railroad but because the service was bad, be• rant inclusion in the final system plan. York Harbor and disuse of the Maybrook­ cause service was discontinued, because de­ Since I am discussing particular rail lines, Poughkeepsie Bridge left only Selkirk as a livery dates were not met, because there was let me say that I am perplexed that DOT gateway to New England, hence forcing traf­ poor utilization of cars and deterioration of does not include the New Canaan and Dan­ fic from the South, including food from track and equipment. Industry was, in ef­ bury branch lines for freight service. Our Florida, to spend upwards to a week longer fect, forced to resort to motor carriers for commuter service will stay intact as per the in transit. The longer transit time, of course, service. Mention is made in DOT's report of agreements between the Connecticut Trans­ magnifies the car shortage. The preservation internal factors that could be the cause of a portation Authority and New York's Metro­ and improvement of the Maybrook-Pough­ region's rail problems. Those cited are op­ politan Transit Authority with the Penn keepsie Bridge gateway, with the Lehigh and erating inefficiencies, low service quality, re­ Central. Therefore, if the commuter lines to Hudson line. as the most logical route for sistance to change by management, and lack to remain in service, and these tracks will our Southern traffic is vital. o! innovations in marketing and pricing undergo improvement, logic dictates con­ The Department of Transportation's report strategies and operating practices. I main­ tinuance of freight service on these lines, reads, "The resulting rail network should tain that the Penn Central is guilty of all including the New Canaan and Danbury meet the region's future rail transportation these "internal factors" and has been its own branches. W'hy isolate these two communi­ needs." In conclusion, gentlemen, I submit worst enemy in attracting and securing busi­ ties from freight service while they continue that the DOT recommendations do not meet ness. Hence, it was inevitable that Connec­ to be provided passenger service? our present needs, much less our future ticut's 1972 freight carloads were low. I am also concerned that DOT's report does needs. The final system plan can not be I know of one company which is serviced not recommend rail competition for our based solely on a profit-and-loss basis. The by 6 box cars a day. That firm would like State. Lack of competition has precipitated railroad today is a public utility, vital to the 9 or 10 a day if they could get them. Now many of the problems we face today with social, economic and environmental life for they find themselves located on a "potentially respect to freight service. For too long Con­ a region. excess" line. If our industries had had the necticut shippers had but single line service service they wanted and needed, I maintain which did not provide them enough leverage; hence, they were locked into resorting to there is a good chance that so much of our PREVENTIVE MEDICINE WEEK trackage would not be designated for elimi­ motor carriers. I firmly believe the ICC must nation. Hence, the ICC can not depend on consider the feasibility of competition in these grossly misleading 1972 figures but our State, along the shoreline in particular must carefully examine the potential for but also elsewhere in the State. HON. BILL ARCHER traffic, the number of shippers who would Environmental factors must also be OF TEXAS return to the railroads if quality service were weighed by the ICC. The 1973 Master Trans­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES provided. portation Plan of Connecticut speaks o! It is also most important that the ICC go "deficient expressway corridors." Indeed sta­ Monday, March 11, 1974 further than did DOT in assessing the eco­ tistics make it appa.rent that the saturation point is being reached for truck freight move­ Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, the Inter­ nomic importance of rail service to various national Academy of Preventive Medi­ communities. It is not enough to conclude ment on the Connecticut Turnpike and our that a rail line should be abandoned because interstate highways. By eliminating 26 per cine Board of Trustees in its midyear it doesn't generate enough income. A narrow cent of the State's rail lines, more and more meeting in Phoenix, Ariz., April 1, 1973, bookkeeper's approach is not what the Rail shippers will be forced to motor carriers voted unanimously that March 4-10, Bill calls for. The ICC must focus on main­ which simply can not be accommodated by 1974, be declared International Preven­ taining the economic and social well-being our highway system. Proposed extensions to tive Medicine Week. This organization of our communities through continuance of our highways are opposed by active citizen had its meeting March 8-10 in Washing­ rail service. groups who foresee increased congestion, pol­ ton, D.C. and presented an impressive At this time I will just touch on some lution from trucking fumes, and devastation areas which will be elaborated on by later of our lands. Moreover, the costs of express­ program concerning preventive medical witnesses, for undoubtedly you will be pre­ way construction are much higher than costs care. There is a special pride for me since sented with marketing studies, traffic analy­ to modernize and rebuild tracks. this fine organization was first estab­ ses, statistics with respect to industrial and DOT's report simply does not reflect the lished in Houston, Tex. I enter a copy employee dislocations, consumer needs, and urgent need to shift from highways to ran, of the IAPM resolution in the CONGRES­ other arguments to buttress opposition to particularly in light of our energy shortage. SIONAL RECORD. line discontinuance. Railroads use relatively little fuel and less As you surely know, Connecticut has suf­ land than other modes of transport and REsOLUTION • fered economic malaise in recent years, due have less negative impact on the environ­ Be it resolved that-- largely to defense contract cutbacks. Many ment. Shippers have a greater demand today Whereas, the International Academy of of our metropolitan cities are economically for rail service due to higher fuel costs and Preventive Medicine objectives are broad in depressed, with over 6 per cent unemploy­ consequent higher trucking costs. Trucker scope and principle, covering community ment. Governor Meskill established a Strike firms would like to ship trailers by rail for medicine, epidemiology, environmental Force for Employment to make recommen­ the cost of piggy-backing trailers is lower health, international health, health services dations to ease this situation and one of than any other method of getting freight administrations, maternal health, child recommendations was improved rail freight into an area. We can not drastically cut back health, applied nutrition and clinical pre­ service to stimulate and attract business. our rail lines at this crucial time. ventive medicine, and believing that keep­ Now we are faced with the prospect of a Immediate initiation of increased rail ing patients healthy is preferable to crisis drastic reduction in rail freight service as freight movement has now become impera­ diagnosis and treatment, and outlined in the DOT report. One hundred tive. Hence, I am also disturbed that DOT's Whereas, the International Academy of and twenty-six (126) sites designated as eli­ report does not recommend rail freight serv­ Preventive Medicine, a professional organi­ gible for location of out-of-state plants in ice along the Northeast Corridor. The DOT zation dedicated to the principles of holistic Connecticut are now located along "poten­ report does state that coordination of pas­ medicine and highest ideals of the preven­ tially excess" lines. Hw can we attract in­ senger traffic with freight service is one of tion of disease and the pxeservation o! total dustry to these areas when they can no longer the major problems that the Rail Association health of peoples of the world, and be assured of freight service? Moreover firms must deal with in its plan for the Northeast. Whereas, every nation in the world is in- March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6243 vited to b& represented at the March 1970, At last count, 38 House members had an­ able during the last 2 fiscal years. The meeting of the International Academy of nounced they would not seek reelection, result has been near chaos because a new Preventive Medicine in the nation's capital nearly all of them high-ranking veterans. In cross-park highway is bringing in hun­ that they might participate in its educa­ the Senate, six are stepping down, four of dreds and thousands of additional visi­ tional seminar, involves in open discussion whom range in age from 73 to 81. about preventive medical measures between Naturally, some good men are being lost, tors. No computerized reservation system physicians, dentists, and all health related notably Rep. John Blatnik (D-Minn.). who can cope with such overwhelming professions from all geographical areas, from at 62 has long been the highly respected demand. different medical and health related disci­ chairman of the House Public Works Com­ I am, of course, working to see if ad­ plines, and from different needs. mittee. In his time, Blatnik thinks "the qual­ ditional funds can be found. The reason Be it therefore resolved that the week of ity of the members has enormously im­ I am bringing this matter to my col­ March 4 to 10. 1974, be proclaimed Interna­ proved." He says they "are much more enlightened, broad-minded, tolerant and leagues' attention is one we shouid all tional Preventive Medicine Week. consider. The basic park problem-in­ Be it further resolved that in subsequent experienced men." years the observance of International Pre­ Congress has set about reforming itself, adequate facilities--cannot be solved ventive Medicine week shall be fixed each a more difficult task than reforming other simply by developing a computerized res­ year to coincide with the dates of a meeting branches of government. The House, for ervations system. of the International Academy of Preventive instance, has ended the secrecy of commit­ Medicine, such determination to be made by tee hearings, curtailed the old seniority its Board of Trustees. system and set up a new Steering and Policy JOHN J. BRUCE HONORED FOR Committee. Moreover, both the Senate and PUBLIC SERVICE House are working much harder than they used to. Back in the '50s, Congress met only one HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS GRIPING ABOUT CONGRESS day out of three, but the present 93rd Con­ gress is just about the best on attendance OF PENNSYLVANIA and voting. The average member was present IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. LESTER L. WOLFF for 82 per cent of all votes in 1972, and last Monday, March 11, 1974 OP NEW YORK year this rose to 89 per cent, a record. There's still plenty of room for improvement, but Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, it is with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress deserves better than that 21 per great pride I call the attention of my Monday, March 11, 1974 cent approval in the Harris poll. In the light colleagues to a gentleman who is being of Watergate, it's painful to imagine what honored by the citizens of his commu­ Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, I would the U.S. would have done without Congress like to snare with my colleagues an article to fall back on. nity after a lifetime of service in their written by Colwnnist Clayton Fritchey behalf. for the Long Island newspaper, Newsday. Mr. John J. Bruce has retired after 28 There is at least one citizen who has a years as tax collector for South Park good word to say about the Congress. Mr. GASOLINE SHORTAGE TO AFFECT Township, a municipality in my 20th Fritchey's article, "Griping About Con­ THE TOURISM IN OUR NATIONAL Congressional District of Pennsylvania, gress," follows: PARKS and he is to be feted at a testimonial on GRIPING ABoUT CoNGRESS Sunday, March 31. However, that is just one of Mr. Bruce's nwnerous achieve­ (By Clayton Fritchey) HON. LLOYD MEEDS ments. He is a man who has worn many WASHINGTON.-The latest Harris poll, OF WASHINGTON hats in many areas of service, including which shows only 30 per cent public approval of President Nixon, but even less-21 per IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES civic, religious, education, government, cent-for Congress. The Harris poll ls one Monday, March 11, 1974 athletics, and politics. of the most reliable, but it is far more diffi­ I wouid like to swnmarize some of his cult to test opinion about an entity com­ Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, it is still un­ statistics over the past 46 years. Mr. posed of 535 parts (like Congress) than to clear what effect the gasoline shortage Bruce was secretary to the South Park measure reaction to an individual (like the will have on tourism in our national park Board of Supervisors and School Board President). system. While overcrowding in more for 18 years, 1928-46; tax collector for Americans have always griped about Con­ popuiar parks may be lessened, it may gress. It's been a popular national pasttime 28 years; 1946-73; secretary to the since the republic was founded. The real also resuit in heavier pressure on lesser Township School Authority for 23 years, test, however, is what happens on election known parks that are closer to populated 1950-73; Democratic Party chairman day when the voters have the opportunity areas. for a total of 18 years, from 1950 to 1962 of throwing out the rascals. And this test The National Park Service recently and from 1964 to 1970, and Democratic shows the people reelecting the incumbents termed successful its experimental com­ vice chairman and financial secretary for more than 95 per cent of the time. That puter reservation system that operated in 4 years, 1970-74. hardly suggests deep dissatisfaction. Regardless of what people tell the pollsters, six parks last year. Campers bound for In addition, Mr. Bruce found other Congress has steadily done better in recent Arcadia, Everglades, Grand Canyon, ways to serve his community and his years, especially in the last decade. It has, Grand Teton, Yellowstone, and Yosemite church. He is a past president of the and perhaps always will have, serious short­ could reserve camping space in advance. Broughton Volunteer Fire Co. and an ac­ comings, but those whose job it is to observe I am pleased to hear of the success of tive member of the Broughton Veterans Congress on a daily basis can testify that this program but it shouid not be allowed Service Association and the local Owls there has been a consistent improvement in to obscure the basic problem: a lack of Club. He has been treasurer of the KSJK both intelligence and performance. Many of the aged committee chairmen campgrounds and campsites. The main Lodge of St. Aloysius Society No. 95 for have died, and many senior high-ranking achievement of a reservation system is 50 years and is a faithful member of members, encouraged by the generous con­ to rationalize an existing shortage by Nativity Parish where he served two gressional pension system, have resigned. spreading the discomfort more fairly. terms on the church committee. Still other old-timers have lost out through The administration's proposed fiscal As a sports enthusiast, Mr. Bruce is long-overdue reapportionment reform. 1975 budget shows belated but still in­ former president of the Keystone Soccer Their places have largely been taken by adequate recognition of the problem. League, manager and secretary of the much younger and better-educated persons, more attuned to the times and to a fast­ Funds are still concentrated in the major CUrry Soccer Association, and recording changing America. Many of the dropouts parks-those that are 1,000 miles or more secretary of the West Penn Soccer were born in the 19th Century, grew up in away from popuiation centers. It would League. rural America and seldom had much learn­ do nothing for closer-in parks that may Mr. Bruce has been married for 48 ing. They neither liked nor understood mod­ be overrun this swnmer by energy con .. years and he and his gracious wife, Ruth, ern America. scious campers. have four children: three sons, John, Jr., The old guard still wields great power, but In my own State of Washington, for Edward, and Charles, and a daughter, every year it is being forced to gtve ground. example, the North Cascades National Ruth. A reinvigorated Congress is making headway in reform1ng itself, in reining in a willful Park is within relatively short driving Mr. Speaker, I deem it an honor to join Chief Executive and in protecting the courts distance of 8 million people--including in the public tribute to Mr. John J. from presidential debasement. So all three many Canadians who do not have our Bruce, a man who has nobly demon­ branches of the government are benefiting gasoline problems. Yet no campground strated his honesty, integrity, and love from the change on Capitol Hill. construction funds have been made avail- for his fellowmen. 6244 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 COURT VACANCY NEEDS FILLING replacement process will take several months to marry her. The gun is now locked in the to complete. glove compartment of our car until we can Such a delay would clearly constitute a decide what to do with it. HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI gross disservice to the administration of The people who are fighting gun laws don't OF NEW YORK federal justice here-where cases were neces­ realize that most bullet murders are per­ sarily delayed or neglected even before Judge IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES formed by "friends" and relatives. If they Henderson's death--end we urge Sens. Javits didn't have guns they'd use their fists or a Monday, March 11, 1974 and Buckley to do everything in their power ball bat. Even a knife is a lot less dangerous to advance the appointment of his successor. Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, the un­ than a gun. By unwritten rule, agreement on a candi­ Please, Ann, don't give up your fight-N.W. timely death of Federal Judge John 0. date by the two senators of the affected state Dear N.W.: Henderson was a great loss to the judi­ is a prerequisite for appointment of a new Don't worry, I won't. The problem is, what ciary system as well as to his family and federal judge. The worst fear, from the pub­ are we going to do about the estimated 90 friends. lic viewpoint, must therefore be that the two million guns that are loose now? I suggest Justice in the western New York dis­ senators, who are not exactly on the closest the government pay a $10 bonus for every trict's 17 counties is now approaching of terms though both are Republicans, might handgun turned in. Expensive? Of course, prove unable to agree on a successor. but well worth it. Think of the agony and a crisis condition, with only two Federal It is true that the district can expect some judges for the normally heavy caseload. grief that could be spared if we could get temporary relief through the assignment of 50 or 60 million guns out of circulation. Prompt appointment of a successor is outside federal judges to handle some cases imperative, and I urge abandonment of here, but that is strictly a stopgap solution. political games so that a nominee can be The only real answer to the present problem expeditiously submitted and the vacancy is the prompt appointment of a new judge. Beyond that, Sens. Javits and Buckley LET US STOP TAXPAYER-FUNDED 1illed. Simple justice requires action. would do well to renew last year's unsuccess­ DEALS WITH RUSSIA As part of my remarks, I am inserting ful effort to create a fourth federal judgeship two recent newspaper editorials on this here. Of course, an even faster way of en­ subject. larging the district bench would simply be HON. JOHN B. CONLAN [From the Buffalo Courier-Express, Feb. 26, for Judge Burke-who is in his late 70s-to OF ARIZONA 1974] accept senior judge status; this would per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES all GET MOVING ON U.S. JUDGE SHORTAGE HERE mit him to continue his present work without loss of benefits, yet would auto­ Monday, March 11, 1974 The fact that the 17-county Western Dis­ matically create another vacancy in the dis­ trict of New York State now has the services trict. One by-product of such a step is that, Mr. CONLAN. Mr. Speaker, I and other of but two federal judges is a situation with two court vacancies to fill between Members of Congress have expressed which can only be regarded as critical. For them, the two senators might find it a good strong opposition to low-interest loans Buffalo, the untimely death of Judge John 0. deal easier to agree on whom to select than through the U.S. Export-Import Bank Henderson meant that just one federal with just a single opening. financing high-technology U.S. projects judge-John T. Curtin-remained to handle No one can doubt that the legal maxim­ a very heavy caseload, including an estimated in the Soviet Union. "justice delayed is justice denied"-applies The General Accounting Office has 250 cases pending from Judge Henderson's just as much to federal courts as to state docket. (Judge Harold P. Burke has not been courts. Before the backlog of criminal and just declared illegal procedures used to presiding in cases here.) civil cases here gets any worse, Washington provide $255 million worth of taxpayer­ Even more distressing is the possibility that has an obligation to act expeditiously to fill funded low-interest credits for American a successor to Judge Henderson might not the present court vacancy as a. minimum step exports to Russia. And we have just be named for several months; that would be in meeting basic federal responsibilities. learned that a secret deal has been a grave disservice to the requirements of equal justice for all in this end of the state. struck by several U.S. firms and the U.S. Therefore it is essential that at least one Export-Import Bank to finance two appointment be made immediately for the multibillion-dollar natural gas p.rojects federal bench here, and we urge area repre­ BAN THE HANDGUN-XXIX in Siberia. sentatives and the state's two senators to There are reports that the Exim Bank press hard for a permanent selection to fill HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM has already tentatively agreed to pro­ that seat. vide an initial $500 million in credits for Additionally, there is little question but OF NEW YORK these two projects of Occidental Petrol­ that the 17-county district needs four fed­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral judgeships. Although the U.S. Senate eum and a consortium of other U.S. com­ did not support creation of the fourth judge­ Monday, March 11, 1974 panies, and for other trade deals. The ship last year, Sens. Javit.s and Buckley have Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, behind natural gas projects in northeastern and even-better arguments for it now and ought each senseless handgun murder there is western Siberia will need financing of to mount another effort in the Senate to an untold personal tragedy, as the fol­ around $12 billion. get it. We see no reason at all why this dis­ lowing letter appearing in the "Advice" Mr. Speaker, like many Americans I trict should be short-changed in such an wonder why U.S. taxpayers should un­ important matter. column of the March 8 edition of the Washington Post makes clear: derwrite the sale of valuable American technology to the Soviet Union. Why [From the Buffalo Evening News, Feb. 26, ADVICE-ANN LANDERS 1974] should Americans pay to provide the Dear Ann Landers: Soviets their energy needs, steel and pipe AcT FAST ON COURT VACANCY I've wanted to write this letter for months, There has long been a pressing need to but I just couldn't bring myself to do it. Now mills, computers, auto and truck fac­ enlarge the federal bench in Western New I must try. It's about your efforts to get tories, atomic powerplants, and chem­ York in order to keep up with the growing some decent gun laws passed in this country. ical complexes which fuel Soviet im­ number and complexity of its cases-includ­ My father bought a. handgun when Mom perialist designs throughout the world? ing those generated by the first and still one filed for divorce. I was helping her pack to Such loans in the past allowed U.S. of the busiest of the special federal task leave when my father walked in and shot firms to provide the Soviets with vital forces probing organized crime. Now, how­ her in the face. She died instantly. He then auto, truck, and engine technology, which ever, far from getting a fourth federal judge, turned the gun on himself and blew his needless to say they later used to provide the 17-county Western district has suddenly head off. been reduced to two judges with the unex­ Two years ago, a dear friend of mine be­ Hanoi with trucks and tanks used against pected death last week of Judge John Hen­ came depressed because she was afraid she our troops in Vietnam. And now the So­ derson of Buffalo. might lose her job. She was a darling girl viets are wooing us for everything from This obviously creates a serious problem and no one who knew her suspected she was computer and communications technol­ for the district and places a particularly in such a state of depression. She bought a ogy to shipbuilding and aerospace. heavy burden of added responsibility on the gun, drove to a wooded area and killed her­ Even if Occidental Petroleum and remaining Buffalo judge, John Curtin, since self. other companies go ahead with their the district's other federal judge, Harold Now, the final blow. My husband became multibillion-dollar investments in Sibe­ Burke of Rochester, has more than enough involved with a teen-age girl. He thought court work to keep him busy in that city. he had eased out of it, but last week she ria, there is still no guarantee the Soviets In the circumstances one would expect the came to our home, pulled out a gun, and will allow Siberian natural gas to be federal wheels to move speedily to appoint a said she was going to kill him and then her­ liquefied and shipped to the United successor to Judge Henderson. Yet political self. He recovered the gun by lying, saying States, or that American citizens would and judicial sources are predicting that the he really did love her and he'd find a way get it at a fair price. March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6245 As we have learned from the Mideast conceived to the day of final passage into nist tyranny, it is an unattainable idccomet Kohoutek as it arcs across the memorial service conducted i · nor of OF CALIFORNIA all war casualties-the White House sent sky. The comet will be visible from earth, and its "plumber" thugs to the Capitol steps at its brightest will outshine all the stars 1n IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the sky. Some astronomers are predicting it Monday, March 11, 1974 to attempt to break up this peaceful will be brighter than the moon. gathering. A number of new experiments have been Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, Under Now, the same old crowd of adminis­ added, ranging from growing rice seeds to Secretary of the Interior John C. tration supporters and their fringe fanat- seeing how waves move in a liquid without Whitaker says "enactment of H.R. 11500 6250 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 would result in serious losses in coal sup­ groups and others with divergent views the paramount First Amendment rights of plies." You can bet your bottom dollar on the energy crisis to utilize the most viewers and listeners to be exposed to all sides that Whitaker knows what he is talking effective format possible, the short 30- or of important public controversies. By provid­ ing public service air time for the spot an­ about. 60-second spot announcement during nouncements produced by organizations like We do not need an environmental prime viewing time which has been used Public Interest Communications, you will straitjacket like H.R. 11500. We need a so heavily by the energy industry. not only be fulfilling your essential legal .and surface coal mining bill which regulates The Supreme Court has held that the constitutional obligation, but you will also be a respect for the environment equally "fairness doctrine'' is designed to protect proving that broadcasters can truly serve the with other values, not exclusive of them. the paramount first amendment rights of public interest. You have a special opportu­ Why, in the face of the current fuel viewers and listeners to be exposed to all nity, and a special responsibility, to provide shortages moving to incur serious losses sides of important public controversies. access to the public air waves for citizens to in coal supplies, H.R. 11500 makes about By providing public service air time for participate in this crucial national debate. We hope you will respond favorably to their as much sense as trying to grow bananas the spot announcements produced by or­ petition for public service air time. on Pike's Peak. ganizations like Public Interest Com­ Joining the Members of Congress sending munications-which we will be showing this letter are Public Interest Communica­ in a few moments-the broadcasters will tions, Inc.; Media Access Project, Inc.; Envi­ not only be fulfilling their essential legal ronmental Policy Center; Environmental RESPONSES TO ENERGY INDUSTRY and constitutional obligation, but they Action Foundation, and Consumer Federa­ ADVERTISING CAMPAIGN also will be proving that broadcasters can tion of America. Sincerely, truly serve the public interest. BENJAMIN S. ROTHZNTHAL, M.C. HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL Public Interest Communications is a media resource center which has pro­ Other Members of Congress signing are: OF NEW YORK duced several radio and television spots Bella Abzug, M.C.; Brock Adams, M.C.; H~r­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES man Badillo, M.C.; George E. Brown, Jr., gi~i~g the consumer view of the energy M.C.; Ronald V. Dellums, M.C.; Robert F. Monday, March 11, 1974 cns1s. These spots are to be made avail­ Drinan, M.C.; Don Edwards, M.C.; Michael Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, 16 able for use by both local and national Harrington, M.C.; Henry Helstoski, M.C.; Eliz­ colleagues have joined me today in writ­ citizens groups who are seeking access to abeth Holtzman, M.C.; Edwar.d I. Koch, M.C.; ing to each of the Nation's 7,000 radio challenge oil C{)mpanies advertising. Joe Moakley, M.C.; Patricia Schroeder, M.C.; Samples were shown at the press confer­ John Conyers, Jr., M.C.; James G. Abourezk, and television broadcasters to give those U.S.S.; and Frank Moss, U.S.S. with divergent views an opportunity to ance. respond to the multimillion-dollar adver­ I am inserting in the RECORD at this tising campaign being waged by the point a copy of the letter we are send­ CASE FOR A FEDERAL OIL AND GAS energy industry. ing to the 7,000 radio and television CORPORATION-NO. 8 The Members of Congress are: broadcasters plus the heads of the three Senator JAMES S. ABOUREZK, Senator major networks: FRANK Moss, BELLA AszuG, BROCK ADAMs, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON HERMAN BADll.LO, GEORGE E. BROWN, JOHN Washington, D.C., March 11, 1974. OF DdASSACF.rOSETTS DEAR BROADCASTER: The major oil com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CONYERS, and RONALD V. DELLUMS. panies are spending millions of advertising 'RoBERT F. DRINAN, DON EDWARDS, dollars to broadcast their views on "The Monday, March 11, 1974 MICHAEL HARRINGTON, HENRY HELSTOSKI, Energy Crisis." We are appealing to the Mr. HARR"INGTON. Mr. Speaker, EDWARD I. KOCH, JOE MOAKLEY, and nation's broadcasters to exercise their re­ PATRICIA SCHROEDER. sponsibility under the "Fairness Doctrine" other than the United States, there is no Joining us are five consumer and en­ of the Federal Communications Act to as­ major industrial nation in the world that vironmental groups. They are: Public In­ sure that the public is fully and fairly ex­ leaves the entire handling of petroleum posed to all sides of the energy crisis and petroleum products to privately terest Communications, Inc.; Media Ac­ controversy. owned corporations, where management cess Project, Inc.; Environmental Policy The Federal Communications Act re­ must be responsive to stockholder priori­ Center; Environmental Action Founda­ quires that broadcasters present all diver­ ties rather than national priorities. tion and Consumer Federation of gent responsible viewpoints on controversial Reserves held by the American Gov­ America. issues of public importance. Achieving this We are asking the broadcasters to balance is especially crucial now, i.n light ernment, such as those in Elk Hills in exercise their responsibility under the of the heavy volume of oil industry adver­ California and Teapot Dome in Wyo­ tising which advocates a partisan position. ming, illustrate this Nation's acceptance Federal Communications Commission's As energy industry advertising has turned "fairness doctrine" to assure all sides of of the proposition that it is necessary to f~om product promotion to political advocacy maintain petroleum reserves for military this controversial story are told. armed at infiuencing public opinion, the defense purposes. The Arab oil embargo This is particularly important in light citizen has not been a.1forded a fair oppor­ of the industry's switch in advertising tunity to present the other side. We believe has underlined our need to go even fur­ from product promotion to political ad­ that adequate access for consumers, environ­ ther, and prepare for emergencies which vocacy aimed at convincing the public mentalists, labor groups, and all concerned are not primarily of a military nature. that oil companies are not responsible citizens is essential if the public is to make I have introduced legislation propos­ intelligent and well-informed decisions ing to set up a Federal Oil and Gas Cor­ foc the energy crisis. about the energy crisis and future energy poration. The Corporation would enter The average consumer simply has not policy. The ability of all segments of the been afforded an equal opportunity to the producing segment of the petroleum national community to communicate their industry and would thus have available hear the other side. We must combat the viewpoints on important public issues is gross imbalance created by the industry's fundamental to the workings of a democracy oil and natural gas reserves capable of energy advertising blitz if the public is to and is assured to all by the First Amendment. meeting shortages or emergencies this make intelligent and well-informed deci­ It is equally important that citizens have country might face. sions about the current situation and fu­ the right to communicate in the most etfec­ The Corporation's ability to provide tive format possible, the format that has reserves of petroleum would decrease our ture energy policy. been utilized so heavily by the oil industry: dependence on foreign oil producers. For This appeal to the Nation's media is a the short 30- or 60-secondspot announce­ example, even though a relatively small follow-up to a petition five Representa­ ment broadcast during prime viewing time. tives and Senators sent in January to the We endorse the etforts of groups like Public amount of our total needs are now met by Federal Trade Commission asking that Interest Communications who are endeavor­ Arab oil, it is evident that to further in­ energy companies be required to substan­ ing to make media resources and materials crease this dependency in the absence tiate their environmental and energy­ available to groups holding divergent views of national reserves, would be foolhardy. related ads. The FTC has not yet re­ of the energy situation. We urge your co­ While we need emergency reserves, we operation with their efforts and with the should not encourage private corpora­ sponded to that petition. The two efforts efforts of many other citizen groups seeking are complementary and not in conflict. access on both a local and national level. tions to hold back production in order to We are asking the broadcast media to The Supreme Court has held that the meet possible future needs, because they allow consUiner and environmentist "Fairness Doctrine" is designed to protect might reap windfall profits in doing so. March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6251 JULIA BUTLER HANSEN of the Agriculture Department but still un­ being is composed of, among other things, der her jurisdiction, for Iiot spending enough on reforesting the burned-out woodlands it a large amount of water. He cannot sur­ manages. vive more than a relatively few hours if HON. LLOYD MEEDS This year's budget is going to be no ex­ he is deprived of water, or if his water is OF WASHINGTOJf ception. Mrs. Hansen told a meeting of contaminated with salt or high levels of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Washington State members, of whom she 1s bacteria or noxious chemicals. Those who the dean in House service, that she was go­ do not depend on rainfall for earning a Tuesday, March 5, 1974 ing out fighting for another $150 million in living may not have a full appreciation of the Forest Service budget. the importance of water, but historians Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, I wish to Mrs. Hansen gives most of the bureau­ insert at this point a profile of the Con­ crats coming before her subcommittee a bit like the great Walter Prescott Webb know gresswoman which appeared in one of of a going-over with her raspy Western that the shape and development of so­ the newspapers of her district: twang, often following with a hoarse cackle ciety itself may be influenced by water, [From the Daily (Wasb.) Olympian, Feb. 7, at their discomfiture. But the people who or the lack of it. 1974] work for the programs under her control My home city of San Antonio depends THEY KNEW JULIA WAS THERE have usually found themselves getting more on underground water for its entire wa­ help from her than from the White House (By John E. Simonds) ter supply. This is remarkably pure wa­ Office of Management and the Budget, which ter-so pure that San Antonio has no WASHINGTON.-Rep. Julia Butler Hansen, in recent years has found ways to impound D-Wash., who said Wednesday she will quit those appropriations. plant for water purification. But no one Congress at the end of the year, controls the Even the relatively obscure U .S. territories really knows how much water there is in pursestrings of a $2.5 billion Interior Depart­ of the Pacific have gotten help from Mrs. our underground reservoir, or how much ment budget with a grip that makes her one Hansen when they needed it. She sees to it can safely be taken out. We only know of the most powerful people in the Capitol. that the local legislators who come dressed that some day San Antonio, like every Since 1967 Mrs. Hansen, a tough-talking in their native island garb to her hearings other major city, must develop a surface veteran of the Northwest's lumberjack style get as much chance to talk as the appointed water supply. of politics, has been chairman-not chair­ officials from the mainland. A favorite target The Cibolo project has been initiated woman or chairperson, but chairman--of the for her skepticism has been Gov. John M. House Appropriations subcommittee on In­ Haydon of American Samoa, a controversial to provide the first stage of San An­ terior and related agencies. administrator, who also happened to be ac­ tonio's future surface water supply sys­ When it comes to money, the House has a tive in Seattle Republican politics before he tem. It is absolutely vital that this reser­ lot more to say than the Senate, and even went to the South Seas. voir be built. For years, this project pro­ though Mrs. Hansen's name is not a house­ "I am probably one of the few people who posal has been under study by the State, hold word, everyone with an interest in for­ didn't really ever want to come to Congress," Federal and local agencies concerned. ests, conservation, oil and gas, fishing, In­ said Mrs. Hansen, who had hinted often in They have concluded that it is a sot.md dians, water, coal, land use and natural re­ recent months that she was growing weary sources of any kind knows who she is. proposal and ought to be constructed. of the grind here. is A giant of a man like Rogers C. B. Morton, Her 37-year career began when she was Congress now considering legislation Secretary of the Interior and a former House elected to the Cathlamet City Council, the that would authorize Federal participa­ colleague, has to tiptoe up to Mrs. Hansen's first woman ever to serve on it. A year later tion in the building of this reservoir. subcommittee hearings, hat in hand, to peti­ she was elected to the state legislature, where If the Cibolo project is built to the tion "Madam Chairman" for his department's she served for 22 years until she was elected optimum design, it will provide not just annual appropriations. And even the State of to Congress in 1960. She moved quickly up water supply but also flood protection, Washington's two power-heavy U.S. senators, the seniority ladder, becoming the first wom­ Warren G. Magnuson t.nd Henry M. Jackson, conservation, and recreation resources an member on the Democratic side of the for the area it serves. But State and local know where their home state recla.mation and House Appropriations Committee, and then power projects get therr money and try to be in 1967 the first woman to become a sub­ spOnsors of this project are faced with a nice to "Julie," as they call her. committee chairman. severe dilemma: if there are significant The committee she heads spends money in Although the seniority system helped to delays in getting Federal funds for the a lot of other areas ranging from the Smith­ project, its costs might get to the pOint sonian Institution to the Trust Territory of advance her fortunes here, she was to be­ the Pacific, known as Micronesia. Mrs. Han­ come a leader of the effort to do away with that it would be less expensive for them sen's committee has something to do with it. She was chairman of the "Democratic to go ahead and pay for the whole thing almost everything in between Alaska and Committee on Organization, Study and Re­ themselves. The Federal design scheme American Samoa and it keeps her busy. view" in 1970 which recommended sweeping provides for the best possible develop­ Now, at 66, Mrs. Hansen, a woman with changes designed to dilute the concentration ment; but these advantages cost money, blue eyes, rosyroughed cheeks and short gray of House power that had accumulated in the hands of a few senior members with and construction costs and in1lation ef­ hair, is giving it all up to go back home to fects add every year to the amounts that the little town of Cathlamet to live in a quiet multiple chairmanships. country house overlooking the banks of the This was a blow right at the roots of power State and local sponsors would have to Columbia River. here, but hardly anyone uttered a public pay; undue delays might in fact make it She is the 19th member of Congress to an­ whimper about it. If it wasn't Chairman advantageous for th$e agencies simply nounce in recent months that this will be Julia's sharp tongue they feared, it may have to go ahead on their own and build a their last term. Most, however, have been been her sharp pencil going over the appro­ simple reservoir using 100 percent State Republicans facing the burdens of running priations for those choice projects back home in their districts. and local funds. on the Nixon record. For Mrs. Hansen, a Congress can help insure that this partisan old-fashioned Democrat, there were Mrs. Hansen understands public life even no such problems. if she only got into it by accident. Her father project is built to the highest possible "I am a Westerner, and I want to return was the sheriff of Wahkiakum County, and standard by acting quickly to obtain au­ to the West. At the end of the year, when her mother, Maude Butler, was a county thorization and funds for construction. my term expires, I shall return to my home, school superintendent as well as a talented But keeping the partnership will also re­ with my husband, to write, garden, do as I artist whose watercolors cover one wall o! quire administrative cooperation. If Con­ please, hang up the telephone or take the the congresswoman's office here. Mrs. Han~ gress were to provide authorization and damn telephone off the hook," Mrs. Hansen sen's husband, Henry, is a retired logger. They have a son and a new granddaughter. funding immediately, the project could said in her formal announcement. "I am delighted," she said, "at the prospect still be jeopardired by slow administra­ .. And when people I don't know appear of being Mrs. Julia Hansen again--citizeo tive action. at my door and walk in without knocking, of the U.S.A." There is no question that San Antonio I'll have the great opportunity of telling urgently needs a surface water source. them it is my private home," she said, adding Such a source ought to be built before later, "thirty-seven years is a long time to be CffiOLO-A VITAL WATER PROJECT pursued by an endless string of people 1980, and Cibolo is the logical candidate. who want everything from post offices to It is a vital project, in every sense of the gasoline." HON. HENRY B. GONZALEZ word. I hope that, when the time comes Unlike many tough committee chairmen OF TEXAS for the House to authorize the Cibolo who have gained influence in this city, Mrs. lN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES project, it will do so prompt ly. I and H ansen often used her power as a force for other sponsors of this project believe Monday, March 11, 1974 spending more money than the agencies that your support is warranted and, wanted. She has continually railed at and Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, life as speaking for myself, I believe it is badgered the Forestry Service, which is part we know it depends on water. A human urgently required. CXX--394-Part 5 6252 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 PRAISE FOR DR. KING SOME HELPFUL HINTS TO SENIOR Hospital expenses. CITIZENS ON THEm INCOME TAXES Insulin treatment. Invalid chair. HON. RON DE LUGO Lab tests. OF THE VmGIN ISLANDS Lip reading lessons (designed to overcome HON. JACK F. KEMP a handicap) . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW YORK Neurologist. Monday, March 11, 1974 Nursing services (for medical care). IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ophthalmologist. Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, I wish to Monday, March 11, 1974 Optician. share with my colleagues a letter pub­ Optometrist. lished in the St. Croix Avis. Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, I have long Oral surgery. In this correspondence, Mr. Ulric Ben­ been concerned that our society spends Ost eopath, licensed. jamin praises the efforts of Dr. Randall far too little time in helping our more Pediatrician. James in producing a radio program senior citizens help themselves. Physical examinations. memorializing Dr. Martin Luther King, We have a special obligation to our Physician. senior citizens, for they have been at the Physiotherapist. Jr. Dr. James creatively and effectively Podiatrist. used the words of Virgin Islands stu­ task of helping to build this great Nation Psychiatrist. dents to describe memories, impressions, of ours for far longer than most. They Psychoanalyst. and effects of Dr. King's life. want no handouts. But, often they need Psychologist. But the radio program and this let­ a hand-they want to know how to get Psychotherapy. ter do more than just honor the mem­ through the maze of redtape which too Radium therapy. often confronts them. Anything I can do Sacroiliac belt. ory of one of our greatest leaders; they Seeing-eye dog and maintenance. recreate his message and purpose. In a to help them, I will. I am committed to that. Splints. world that is still not free of prejudice Supplementary Medical Insurance (Part and fear, these are words worthy of our April15, is close approaching-the day B) under Medicare. renewed attention. for the final filing of our Federal income Surgeon. Mr. Benjamin's letter follows : tax statements for calendar year 1973. Transportation expenses for medical pur­ [From the St. CroiX (V.I.) Avis, Jan. 2, 1974] Few things, if any, could be more helpful poses ( 6¢ per mile plus parking and tolls or to our senior citizens at such a time, actual fares for taxi, buses, etc.) . MR. BENJAMIN'S LETTER therefore, than hints on how to take the Vaccines. To the Editor: maximum benefits allowed them under Vitamins prescribed by a doctor (but not ~t us acknowledge and disseminate to our taken as a food supplement or to preserve communities, the nation and perhaps the law on their income taxes. general health). world the pride we share for the participants For the benefit of our senior citizens Wheelchairs. and their producer of that colorful radio I offer some important suggestions o~ Whirlpool baths for medical purposes. program over WSTX Jan. 15 in Tribute to things to look for in computing their X-rays. Martin Luther King. Indeed, the impression taxes: 'I'AXES left by the participants revealed the extent CHECKLIST OF ITEMIZED DEDUCTIONS FOR Real estate. to which their lives are affected by this great SCHEDULE A (FORM 1040) State and local gasoline. figure of the 20th Century, who dared to MEDICAL AND DENTAL EXPENSES General sales. dream dreams that can and should be ful­ State and local income. filled. Medical and dental expenses are deductible Personal property. The caustic acts of violence by the few of to the extent that they exceed 3 % of a tax­ If sales tax tables are used in arriving at this community have reached the peoples payer's adjusted gross income (line 15 Form 1040). ' your deduction, you may add to the amount of the nation and the world leaving a taint shown in the tax tables only the sales tax on the image of a beautiful people. INSURANCE PREMIUMS paid on the purchase of 5 classes of items: We are indeed indebted to Dr. Randall One-half of medical, hospital or health in­ automobiles, airplane~ boats, mobile homes James, the producer and catalyst of the surance premiums are deductible (up to and materials used to build a new home show, who provided the students of our $150) without regard to the 3 % limitation when you are your own contractor. schools, touched by the life of Dr. King, an for other medical expenses. The remainder When using the sales tax tables, add to opportunity to express themselves in their of these premiums can be deducted but is your adjusted gross income any nontaxable own manner, and here to this community subject to the 3% rule. ' income (e.g., Social Security or Railroad Re­ their views of this great leader. DRUGS AND MEDICINES tirement Annuities). You can all be truly proud of the program Included in medical expenses (subject to CONTRIBUTIONS presented in tribute to Dr. Martin Luther 3 % rule) but only to extent exceeding 1 % In general, contributions may be deducted King. It was a performance of the highest of adjusted gross income (line 15, Form quality. This tribute to Dr. King, the great up to 50 percent of your adjusted gross in­ 1040). come (line 15, Form 1040). However. contri­ national Black giant of the 20th Century, OTHER MEDICAL EXPENSES emblazes on the record of our history a mark butions to certain private nonprofit founda­ of distinguished attainment for our stu­ Other allowable medical and dental ex- tions, veterans organizations, or fraternal pense (subject to 3% limitation): societies are limited to 20 percent of ad­ dents and for the schools responsible for justed gross income. their development. Abdominal supports. Let all know that our students have proven Ambulance hire. Cash contributions to qualified organiza­ by their insight of the purpose of Martin Anesthetist. tions for (1) religious, charitable, scientific, Arch supports. literary or educational purposes, (2) pre­ Luther King that we too as a people do ap­ vention of cruelty to children or animals, or preciate and recognized the contributions of Artificial limbs and teeth. Back supports. (3) Federal, state or local governmental units all our neighbors, near or far, black or white, (tuition for children attending parochial native or non-native, Crucian, alien or main­ Braces. Capital expenditures for medical purposes schools is not deductible) . Fair market value lander. Yes, we are proud, gifted, some black, of property (e.g. clothing, books, equipment, some white, but all a community of human (e.g., elevator for persons with a heart ail­ ment) -deductible to the extent that the furniture) for charitable purposes. (For beings with aspirations and convictions and gifts of appreciated property, special rules the belief that all men are created equal and cost of the capital expenditure exceeds the increase in value to your home because of apply. Contact local IRS office.) endowed with inalienable rights of life, lib­ Travel expenses (actual or 6¢ per mile plus erty and the pursuit of happiness. the capital expenditure. Taxpayer should have an independent appraisal made to re­ parking and tolls) for charitable purposes If we are to continue to succeed, then we (may not deduct insurance or depreciation must walk hand in hand no matter what our flect clearly the increase in value. Cardiographs. in either case). station in life, with the conviction to right Cost and upkeep of uniforms used in char­ wrong and to change this community in Chiropodist. Chiropractor. itable activities (e.g., scoutmaster). light of the vision of this great leader Martin Christian science practitioner, authorized. Purchase of goods or tickets from chari­ Luther King. Only in this way can our com­ Convalescent home (for medical treatment table organizations (excess of amount paid munity reflect the image we envision for it, only). over the fair market value of the goods or to be recognized as the American Paradise of Crutches. services). the West Indies. Dental services (e.g., cleaning teeth, Out-of-pocket expenses (e.g. postage, sta­ Congratulations to the manager of WSTX, X-rays, filling teeth). tionary, phone calls) while rendering serv­ Dr. James the producer, and all the students Dentures. ices for charitable organizations. of the Virgin Islands. The program was de­ Dermatologist. Care of unrelated student in taxpayer's lightful, inspirational and merits our eternal Eyeglasses. home under a written agreement with a gratitude and appreciation. Gynecologist. qualifying organization (deduction is lim· ULRIC E. BENJAMIN. Hearing aids and batteries. ited to $50 per month). March 11, 1974 · EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6253 INTEREST Rental cost of a safe-deposit box for in- of age for your 1973 Federal income tax Home mortgage. come producing property. return. Auto loan. Fees paid to investment counselors. Multipile Support Agreement: In general Installment purchases (television, washer, Subscriptions to business publications. a person may be claimed as a dependent of dryer, etc.). Telephone and postage in connection with another taxpayer, provided five tests are met: Bank credit card~an deduct the finance investments. (1) Support, (2) Gross Income, (3) Member charge as interest if no part is for service Uniforms required for employment and not of Household or Relationship, (4) Citizen­ charges or loan fees, credit investigation generally wearable off the job. ship, and ( 5) Separate Return. But in some reports. If classified as service charge, may Maintenance of uniforms required for em­ cases, two or more individuals provide sup­ still deduct 6 percent of the average monthly ployment. port for an individual, and no one has con­ balance (average monthly balance equals the Special safety apparel (e.g., steel toe safety tributed more than half the person's sup­ total of the unpaid balance for all 12 months, shoes or helmets worn by construction work­ port. divided by 12) limited to the portion of the ers; special masks worn by welders). However, it still may be possible for one total fee or service charge allocable to the Business entertainment expenses. of the individuals to be entitled to a $750 year. Business gift expenses not exceeding $25 dependency deduction if the following re­ Points--deductible as interest by buyer per recipient. quirements are met for multiple support. where financing agreement provides that Employment agency fees for securing em­ 1. Two or more persons-any one of whom they are to be paid for use of lender's money. ployment. could claim the person as a dependent if it Not deductible if points represent charges Cost of a periodic physical examination if were not for the support test--together con­ for services rendered by the lending institu­ required by employer. tribute more than half of the dependent's tion (e.g. VA loan points are service charges Cost of installation and maintenance of a support. and are not deductible as interest.) Not de­ telephone required by the taxpayer's employ­ 2. Any one of those who individually con­ ductible if paid by seller (are treated as ment (deduction based on business use). tribute more than 10 percent of the mutual selling expenses and represent a reduction Cost of bond if required for employment. dependent's support, but only one of them of amount realized). Expenses of an office in your home if em­ may claim the dependency deduction. Penalty for prepayment of a mortgage­ ployment requires it. 3. Each of the others must file a written deductible as interest. Payments made by a teacher to a substi­ statement that he will not claim the de­ Revolving charge acocunts-may deduct tute. pendency deduction for that year. The state­ the "finance charge" if the charges are based Educational expenses required by your em­ ment must be filed with the income tax on your unpaid balance and computed ployer to maintain your position or for main­ return of the person who claims the depend­ monthly. taining or sharpening your skills for your ency deduction. Form 2120 (Multiple Sup­ employment. CASUALTY OR THEFT LOSSES port Declaration) may be used for this pur­ Political Campaign Contributions: Tax­ Casualty (e.g. tornado, flood, storm, fire, or pose. payers may now claim either a deduction Sale of Personal Residence by Elderly Tax­ auto accident provided not caused by a will­ (line 33, Schedule A. Form 1040) or a credit fu1 act or willful negligence) or theft losses payers: A taxpayer may elect to exclude from (line 52, Form 1040), for campaign contribu­ gross income part, or, under certain circum­ to nonbusinesses property-the amount of tions to an individual who is a candidate for your casualty loss deduction is generally the stances, all of the gain from the sale of his nomination or election to any Federal, State personal residence, provided: lesser of (1) the decrease in fair market value or local office in any primary, general or spe­ of the property as a resu1t of the casualty, or 1. He was 65 or older before the date of cial election. The deduction or credit is also the sale, and (2) your adjusted basis in the property. This applicable for any (1) committee supporting 2. He owned and occupied the property as amount must be further reduced by any in­ a candidate for Federal, State, or local elec­ surance or other recovery, and, in the case of his personal residence for a period totaling tive public office, (2) national committee of at least five years within the eight-year property held for personal use, by the $100 (3) a national political party, state commit­ period ending on the date of the sale. limitation. You may use Form 4084 for com­ tee of a national political party, or (4) local puting your personal casualty loss. Taxpayers meeting these two requirements committee of a national political party. The may elect to exclude the entire gain from CHILD AND DISABLED DEPENDENT CARE EXPENSES maximum deduction is $50 ($100 for couples gross income if the adjusted sales price of The deduction for child dependent care ex­ filing jointly). The amount of the tax credit is one-half of the political contribution, with their residence is $20,000 or less. (This elec­ penses for employment related purposes has tion can only be made once during a tax­ been expanded substantially. Now a taxpayer a $12.50 ceiling ($25 for couples filing jointly). payer's lifetime). If the adjusted sales price who maintains a household may claim a de­ exceeds $20,000, an election may be made to duction for employment-related expenses in­ Presidential Election Campaign Fund: Ad­ curred in obtaining care for a ( 1) dependent ditionally, taxpayers may voluntarily ear­ exclude part of the gain based on a ratio of who is under 15, (2} physicaly or mentally mark $1 of their taxes ($2 on joint returns) $20,000 over the adjusted sales price of the disabled dependent, or (3) disabled spouse. to help defray the costs of the 1976 presi­ residence. Form 2119 (Sale or Exchange of The maximum allowable deduction is $400 a dential election campaign. If you failed to Personal Residence) is helpful in determin­ month ($4,800 a year). As a general ru1e, earmark $1 of your 1972 taxes ($2 in joint ing what gain, if any, may be excluded by employment-related expenses are deductible returns) to help defray the cost of the 1976 an elderly taxpayer when he sells his home. only if incurred for services for a qualifying presidential election campaign, you may do Additionally, a taxpayer may elect to defer individual in the taxpayer's household. How­ so in the space provided above the signature reporting the gain on the sale of his personal ever, an exception exists for child care ex­ line on your 1973 tax return. residence if within one year before or one penses (as distinguished from a disabled de­ For any questions concerning any of these year after the sale he buys and occupies an­ pendent or a disabled spouse). In this case, items, contact your local IRS office. You may other residence the cost of which equals or expenses outside the household (e.g., day also obtain helpfu1 publications and addi­ exceeds the adjusted sales price of the old care expenditures) are deductible, but the tional forms by contacting your local IRS residence. Additional time is allowed if ( 1) maximum deduction is $200 per month for office. you construct the new residence or (2) you one child, $300 per month for 2 children, and were on active duty in the U.S. Armed $400 per month for 3 or more children. OTHER TAX RELIEF MEASURES FOR OLDER Forces. Publication 523 (Tax Information on When a taxpayer's adjusted gross income AMElu:CANS Selling Your Home) may also be helpful. (line 15, Form 1040) exceeds $18,000, his de­ Required to Retirement Income Credit: To qualify for duction is reduced by $1 for each $2 of in­ file a tax the retirement income credit, you must (a) come above this amount. For further infor­ return if gross be a U.S. citizen or resident, (b) have re­ mation about child and dependent care Filing status: income is at least ceived earned income in excess of $600 in deductions, see Publication 503, Child Care Single (under age 65) ------$2,050 each of any 10 calendar years before 1973, and Disabled Dependent Care, available free Single (age 65 or older)------2,800 and (c) have certain types of qualifying "re­ at Internal Revenue offices. Married couple (both spouses under tirement income" Five types of income­ MISCELLANEOUS 65) filing jointly------2, 800 pensions, annuities, interest, and dividends Alimony and separate maintenance (peri­ Married couple (both spouses 65 or included on line 15, Form 1040, and gross odic payments). older) filing jointly______4, 300 rents from Schedule E, Part II, column (b)­ Appraisal fees for casualty loss or to deter­ Married filing separately______750 qualify for the retirement income credit. mine the fair market value of charitable Additional Personal Exemption for Age: The credit is 15 percent of the lesser of: contributions. In addition to the regular $750 exemption 1. A taxpayer's qualifying retirement in­ Campaign contributions (up to $100 for allowed a taxpayer, a husband and wife who come, or joint returns and $50 for single persons). are 65 or older on the last day of the tax­ 2. $1,524 ($2,286 for a joint return where Union dues. able year are each entitled to an additional both taxpayers are 65 or older) minus the Cost of preparation of income tax return. exemption of $750 because of age. You are total of nontaxes pensions (such as Social Cost of tools for employee (depreciated considered 65 on the day before your 65th Security benefits or Railroad Retirement an­ over the useful life of the tools) . birthday. Thus, i1 your 65th birthday is on nuities) and earned income (depending upon Dues for Chamber of Commerce (if as a January 1, 19'74, you will be entitled to the the taxpayer's age and the amount of any business expense) . additional $750 personal exemption because earnings he may have). 6254 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 If the taxpayer is under 62, he must reduce other people needing to communicate to them located in the flood prone areas unless the $1,524 figure by the amount of earned his decisions and difficulties. those properties have met the flood pro­ income in excess of $900. For persons at least At this point, however, the individual's first tection standards. Meeting the standards 62 years old but less than 72, this amount is duty is to himself. He must be satisfied with reduced by one-half of the earned income in himself as a. responsible citizen before he is in many cases prohibitively expensive. excess of $1,200 up to $1,700, plus the total ventures to convince others that he is one. The effect of this provision will inevi­ amount over $1,700. Persons 72 and over are He must determine and be able to express tably be to unrealistically depress the not subject to the earned income limitation. what is most important to him as a citizen. market value of these properties. Schedule R is used for taxpayers who claim Once he has done this, he may continue his It has effectively taken a large per­ the retirement income credit. weaving with a new thread, as a responsible centage of the developable land in this The Internal Revenue Service will also citizen. I believe my responsibility as a citizen country o1! the market. compute the retirement income credit for a In addition, this law has imposed a taxpayer if he has requested that ms com­ means being informed. There are many dif· pute his tax and he answers the questions ferent ways for me to become informed. And, burden of enforcement upon local gov­ for Columns A and B and completes lines 2 all of these ways are equally important. If ernments attempting to maintain eligi­ and 5 on ScheduleR-relating to the amount I were to ignore one the others would become bility for coverage under the act that is of his Social Security benefits, Railroad Re­ ineffective. I would also become ineffective, virtually impossible to carry out. tirement annuities, earned income, and not knowing enough about a subject to pre­ The following editorial summarizes qualifying retirement income (pensions, an­ sent it impartially. very accurately the legitimate concerns nuities, interest, dividends, and rents). The These ways are reading, asking questions, working with a subject to better my knowl­ of our citizens over this measure: taxpayer should also write "RIC" on line 17, [From the Wheeling (W. Va.) News-Register, Form 1040. edge of it and listening to informed peo­ ple, not disregarding someone because I feel Mar. 6, 1974] Mr. Speaker, this information intended their views are wrong, but listening and YoUR PROPERTY AT STAKE! to be "helpful hints." It is not intended judging fairly. The public meeting to be held at city as specific advise on any particular tax Especially important, however, is keeping council chambers on March 12 to discuss the problems for which one feels he should the channels of communication open to Federal Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 other people. and its application to Wheeling will be obtain specific advice from tax counsel; Discussing how certain problems and deci­ highly important to the whole community. he should still do that, if necessary. sions affect them and how these same prob­ Unless cities such as Wheeling in flood Mr. Speaker, the Senate Special Com­ lems affect me. Talking about possible argu­ prone areas adopt stringent land use controls, mittee on Aging is to be commended for ments and solutions. zoning regulations and building codes as the excellent service it has performed From there, I may go on to become more promulgated by the federal government, in compiling this information. It will be knowledgeable concerning these problems. property owners will be ineligible for feder­ of great benefit to ow· senior citizens. Then, when the time comes, I may present ally funded assistance such as flood insur· my problems, defend my problems and ance, disaster relief and loans. finally, solve my problems with relative ease. The far-reaching impact this law would At this time, I am an enlightened citizen. have on Wheeling can be found in a new The goal of the ideal citizen and the citizen's directive issued Feb. 11, 1974, by the Federal VOICE OF DEMOCRACY CONTEST­ responsibility towards himself and his na­ Deposit Insurance Corporation dealing with ALASKA'S WINNER tion. Able to understand, evaluate and act loans in areas having special flood hazards. with complete fairness and confidence. Lending institutions would be prevented Totally informed and able to inform. At this from making, increasing, extending or renew­ HON. DON YOUNG point, my fabric is woven and my respon­ ing any loans secured by real estate located OF ALASKA sibility developed to it's highest potential. in the flood plain. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If this edict is to be enforced, it very well could deprive thousands of persons of their Monday, March 11, 1974 property without due process of law. Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, For example, a resident of Wheeling Island FLOOD DISASTER PROTECTION dies. His estate wishes to sell the property. as I am certain many of my colleagues ACT However, a purchaser cannot get a mortgage know, each year the Veterans of Foreign on the property because it is in the flood Wars in the United States and its Ladies plain. Thus it will be available only to a cash Auxiliary conduct a Voice of Democracy HON. ROBERT H. MOLLOHAN purchaser and obviously a substantial dis­ contest. Nearly 500,000 secondary school OF VVEST VIRG~IA count will be negotiated. students participate in the contest com­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES The new regulation states that a loan must peting for five national scholarships not be extended on property in the flood Monday, March 11, 1974 plain. That means if a person encounters which are awarded as top prize. I am temporary financial difficulty and becomes pleased and delighted to enter into the Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Speaker, I wish to call the attention of my colleagues delinquent the loan could not be extended REcoRD a copy of the speech written by to and the bank would have no alternative but Miss Sarah E. Longenbaugh who is the the near tragic effects of the Federal to foreclose. winner in Alaska. Miss Longenbaugh is Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 Once again the poor property owner and the daughter of Dr. George and Iris which was enacted into law in the wan­ the elderly are faced with a serious threat Longenbaugh of Sitka, Alaska. In addi­ ing hours of the first session of the 93d if the city does not go along with Washing­ Congress. ton's requirement that the community adopt tion to having a :fine talent for writing, the new land use laws and zoning regulations. Miss Longenbaugh is an honor student, The fact is that Congress, collectively, has made a mistake in the enactment of But most of these laws would be difHcult to is active in outdoor recreation, and en­ implement in Wheeling where already the joys painting as well. A copy of her Public Law 93-234. It is time now to cor­ flood plains are in use. Costly flood control speech follows: l'ect this mistake before full implementa­ steps would be required of property owners tion causes widespread economic dam­ wishing to m<>dernize in the flood prone MY RESPONSmiLITY AS A CITIZEN ages throughout the country-much of it zones. And future development in many areas (By Sarah E. Longenbaugh) upon the poverty or near poverty seg­ of the city would be greatly restricted. It is sometimes said that a. citizen is like ment of our population. So, unless this federal law is amended to a. bit of thread woven into the fabric of a Here is a partial summary of what this provide more realistic regulations for older nation. cities such as Wheeling, the city faces a real I would rather say that the citizen is not law has done: dilemma in deciding what it should do to part of a. woven fabric, but instead, weaves It has imposed a form of highly re­ protect the best interests of its citizens. his own. As the different pieces of fabric com­ strictive land use policy upon unwilling In light of this situation we believe First bine, a patchwork emerges; a. nation, made communities and private citizens under District Congressman Robert H. Mollohan up of many different fabrics and, likewise, the guise of more liberal federally subsi­ should be invited to attend the public meet­ many different people. dized flood insurance. I do not believe it ing here on the Flood Disaster Protection Act The individual begins his weaving with a was the desire of my colleagues to im­ of 1973 so he can get a firsthand view of the basic thread, that of legal citizenship. From confusion and difficulty confronting Wheel­ this simple beginning, his woven fabric grows, pose detailed zoning restrictions at the ing as a result of congressional action. with his participation in school, local or na­ local level through Federal law. tional government. It has denied federally regulated fi­ In my congressional district alone, 127 As the individual grows older, this partici­ nancial institutions the right to extend communities have been advised, as the pation increases, as his needs and problems loans or to make loans for the construc­ result of a preliminary survey conducted increase. He becomes more concerned with tion, modernization, or resale of property in 1973 by the Department of Housing March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6255 and Urban Development, that they are The two started as equals, ethnically What re8illy happened in Grand Rapids? susceptible to fiooding or mudslides. speaking. Both have Dutch surnames, which Watergate surely was a factor. But in more still count for a lot in Grand Rapids, where concrete terms the Democrats spared no ef­ These communities contain over half of many but not all voters have some Dutch fort to obtain what amounted to their cus­ the population in the district. Therefore, background and training in the moral tenets tomary vote, while many usual GOP voters unless they enforce an unenforceable of the Reformed Church. Even so, the voters who would have gone for Ford, come Water­ law and participate in the fiood insur­ there are not fully representative of Michi­ gate or high water, stayed home. ance program, they will become ineligible gan, or middle America, although historically It's hard to claim, really, that the Grand for Federal assistance. they have tended toward Republican ortho­ Rapids result signals Lexington or Concord I am today requesting the Banking and doxy. for the GOP nationally. Yet panicky Republi­ For long years the voters sent Ford to Con­ cans across the land are dashing like a flock Currency Committee to undertake the gress, although he is not Dutch or Calvinist, of chickens for the security of the latest amendment of this law. I urge each of largely because he enjoys their tremendous poll as protection against the sky falling. you to evaluate the impact of Public Law respect and confidence. It may be that Ford, Their credibility, what the game may really 93-234 on your constituency and pre­ who structured his reelections around his be all about, is hardly enhanced. pare to address this problem quickly and personal qualities, diverted a partisan fol­ VanderVeen, meanwhile has arrived in effectively. lowing into a personal one not transferable Washington with his mandate. He will be in to others. demand at banquets, talk shows and wher­ ------But even Ford's staff, and other watchers, ever fellow Democrats need a coattail effect. THE GRAND RAPIDS ELECTION-A perceived two years ago that fundamental Since he has won only a short term, he'll have DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE changes were occurring in Grand Rapids, to campaign all over again this fall and isn't where 60 percent of the workers wear blue apt to do much legislatively even if he casts collars and unemployment has been a nag­ one vote for impeachment. ging problem even prior to the energy-related The victory in Grand Rapids reflected not HON. ROBERT J. HUBER layoffs at the General Motors plants. so much ideology as candidate and campaign. OF MICHIGAN By some socio-economic measures, then, Many are still sifting the ashes of Ford's old Grand Rapids is and has been potential IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES camp for profound meaning and omens while Democratic turf, were it not for the fantastic the smart ones likely will hire the Marttilla Monday, March 11, 1974 amount of personal loyalty to Gerald Ford. outfit. Remove him from the picture, even suggest, Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, as I pointed as VanderVeen's advertisements did, that out on the House floor today, there is President Nixon's impeachment would make LAST WEEK IN LANSING: LEGISLATION more in the election in Michigan's Fifth a hometown boy chief executive, and any­ AFFECTING You District than the matter of Richard thing could happen. (By Harmon Cropsey) Nixon's impeachment or resignation. The Thus enters VanderVeen on Ford's eleva­ Will the voters ever learn ?-If you ask the press, and the newly elected Member tion to national office. He's not your usual next 25 people you meet how many of them from that district, would have us believe liberal-labor Michigan Democrat but a 51- want to pay more taxes, you will find that year-old corporation lawyer personally worth 24 out of the 25 will say they have had that the election of a Democrat to suc­ $250,000. Then give him $70,000 for a cam· enough! ceed Vice President GERALD FoRD is justi­ paign run by a swinging Boston political This ratio was substantiated when the 2¢ fication for the resignation of the public relations firm headed by John Mart­ gas tax increase was being challenged with a President. tila, who engineered the upset victory there petition drive to bring it to a referendum so What has been ignored in most of the of Fr. Robert Drinan, the first Roman Cath· the citizens could decide. Petition circulators "instant analysis" of the election in olic priest in Congress and a Nixon impeach­ said that only one or two people out of a ment resolution author. hundred refused to sign. Grand Rapids have been the economic The Marttilla group quickly programed issues involved, the record of the Repub­ You would naturally think that every VanderVeen and reduced him to essentials; member of the legislature who voted for the lican candidate in the State legislature, antiNixon but vocal on ethics, concerned increase in gas tax would be in jeopardy at which put him on the wrong side of sev­ about unemployment and inflation and hav­ the next election-but that didn't make any eral issues with the Michigan voters, and ing a corporate lawyer's understanding of difference! the huge personal following our Vice public affairs. VanderVeen therefore was per­ One Republican representa-tive said, "Not President has in the area that did not fectly in tune with the times and the sit­ one constituent in a thousand knows how prove to be transferable. Two reporters uation. He probably could have said less we vote." This was the argument he used have noted these items. I would now like about Watergate and still been elected. when encouraging his fellow Republicans to to insert for the attention of my col­ Speaking out in an attractive and credi­ vote for one of the Governor's unpopular ble way, even on impeachment, is better pieces of legislation. leagues Allen Phillips' article that ap­ than saying nothing. The latter was Repub­ Sad but true.-In the primary race in the peared in the Detroit News on Febru­ lican VanderLaan's style, the man on whose Republican Party for the nomination in the ary 27, 1974, and Harmon Cropsey's ar­ shoulders rests much of the heavy blame for special 5th Congressional District election ticle that appeared in the February 20, defeat. January 15, 1974, there were four candi­ 1974, edition of the Suburban News, VanderLaan, like the pundits and confused dates-two of them state senators-so it which is published in Detroit, Mich.: politicos, claims he was beaten by the Water­ wasn't a case of not having information gate albatross. On closer examination it's VANDER VEEN'S RACE HELD TOUGH To BEAT available as to where they stood on most likely he was beaten by himself as much as important issues. Senator VanderLaan got (By Allen Phillips) anything. In contrast to VanderVeen, he tem­ 55 per cent of the vote, receiving more Re­ In the recent special election in the 5th porized and generally reflected those qualities publican support than the other three candi­ Congressional District, the people of Grand which have made him one of the least effec­ dates combined! Rapids spoke with a roar heard around the tive State Senate majority leaders. It is amazing how a newspaper like the nation and in the White House. But what did VanderLaan's campaigners, unlike the Bos­ Grand Rapids Press that should enlighten they say and why did they say it? ton imports, ran a low-profile, lackluster drive the citizens of the district about issues gave Conventional political wisdom has it that staged for Rotarians and polite audiences. them a "snow job" and endorsed VanderLaan the good folk of Grand Rapids, all assumed About as relevant as VanderLaan got on any as being the best qualified to fill Gerry Ford's to be upright Dutch descendants obediently issue was to mutter something about a "new shoes in Congress. clomping along in wooden shoes behind the political ethic." How could he articulate VanderLaan vs. Zaagman-A fellow I GOP elephant, suddenly changed parties or whatever that is, given his role in the Sen­ worked with just after I finished college had surrendered deep loyalties over Watergate. ate, is hard to fathom. an expression he used when we used selecting But is that a fair characterization of the Junkets to Florida and elsewhere, enor­ someone to fill a position or adding responsi­ voters who unexpectedly elected a Democrat, mous freebie postage bills run up by the bility-"Let's take a look at the record." Richard VanderVeen, to occupy the chair in Senate and a generally arrogant state law­ Vacancies were always filled by someone who Congress so long warmed by Vice-President maker attitude flourished without a murmur had done a good job in the past. Gerald Ford? from VanderLaan. Indeed, he was foremost In 1971 the state income tax was increased Did the ballot missile launched from the among the senators irritated by uncompli­ by 50 %-and who do you suppose sponsored heartland of America really have "Impeach mentary press clippings who were eager to the bill to do this?? SENATOR VANDER­ Richard Nixon" written all over it? Or was it build a glass partition to fence inquisitive LAAN! Senator Zaagman voted against it. as much the triumph of a pleasing candidate newsmen off the Senate floor. The record is at your library on page 1297 and a slick campaign over an inferior oppo­ So it was the Michigan GOP went to mar­ of Senate Journal 87 of 1971, roll call #281. nent and technique? ket with a dubious product not attractively The Senate Journal for this date (7-1-71) VanderVeen, the nation's newest congress­ packaged. Yet despite those factors favoring reveals some rather interesting information. man, could not have been a more ideal choice the Democrats, the mighty victory of Van­ The Senate recessed at 11:45 (p. 1296), and for the race. And the loser, State Sen. Robert derVeen claims over the Republicans, 53,000 at 2:18 p.m. was called to order. The first VanderLaan, could hardly have come up more votes to 46,000, did not attract as large a action recorded was a motion by Senator deficient in what it takes to win in big poll­ Democratic total as run up by Mrs. Jean VanderLaan to put on a "call of the Senate" tics these days, Watergate notwithstanding. McKee when she challenged Ford in 1972. which carried. A "Call of the Senate" means 6256 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 that every member, unless he ls confined to the ceremony marking the first day of a hospital or is physically unable to attend, Today is the first day of Issue of the is forced to be present even if the state police issue of the VFW 75th Anniversary Com­ United States stamp issued to commemorate have to be dispatched to Houghton or Detroit memorative Stamp. the 75th anniversary of the V.F.W. Please to get him. The beautiful stamp was designed by join together in the ceremony to honor the Next came a motion by Senator VANDER­ Robert Hallock, who has been honored veterans who have done so much for their LAAN to dispatch the Sargent-at-Arms to get by the Art Directors Clubs of New York country. Reverend Henry Reinewald will now the absentees. The motion prevailed. deliver the invocation. and San Francisco, American Institute Natl. Honor Guard-Advance the Colors. On June 30, 1971, the tax increase (SB.616 of Graphic Arts, Society of lllustrators, introduced by VANDERLAAN) was defeated National Anthem. and was re-referred to the taxation commit­ Printing Industries of America, Society tee. This ordinarily would have been the end of Publications Designers, and the New REMARKS AND INTRODUCTION OF POSTMASTER of SB.616, but Senator VANDERLAAN made York State Council on the Arts. The GENERAL BY VEW COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF RAY R. SODEN a motion to reconsider the vote by whi~h it founder and art director of Lithopinion, was referred to the taxation committee and he is also credited with the Oregon Cen­ It is a special honor and privilege to take he was successful. SB.616 then passed by a 22 tennial, Stone Mountain Memorial, and part in this ceremony marking the first day to 16 vote. the United Nations Day stamps. of issue of this stamp. I am proud to repre­ Vanderlaan's position on abortion.-On The Citizens Stamp Advisory Commit­ sent the members of this great organiza­ March 11, 1971, SB.3 to legalize abortions, tion and all veterans who are being honored was voted on and passed the Senate with the tee is to be commended for selecting the by the issuance of this stamp. bare minimum of 20 votes. Both Senators Veterans of Foreign Wars' anniversary Many of the people in this country who VanderLaan and Zaagman voted against this .as a worthy subject for commemoration. use a s~amp to pay bills, send thoughts to one bill. After it passed. Senator Byker The VFW fulfills its objectives, stated another, or request information through the made a motion to reconsider the vote-­ as- mails, never give thought to the little piece this being a tactic to hopefully defeat Fraternal, patriotic, historical and educa­ of paper they place in the upper right hand the bill. This time Senator VanderLaan voted tional; to preserve and strengthen comrade­ corner of the envelope. There seems to be so with those senators who favored abortion, ship among its members; to assist worthy many different designs and colors. The rou­ and· Byker's motion was defeated. comrades; to perpetuate the memory and tine of licking and affixing a stamp may take What a contrast!-When you think of all history of our dead, and to assist their wid­ away for many the meaning behind the the parliamentary maneuvering VanderLaan ows and orphans; to maintain true allegi­ stamp. The reason for issuing it can become did to get the income tax passed after it had ance to the Government of the United States lost in the repetition of using it. been defeated, then to see him desert Sen­ of America, and fidelity to its Constitution But, I can assure you, there is one which ator Byker and the other senators (includ­ and laws; to foster true patriotism, to main­ Will never lose its signlfl.cance for this or­ ing Zaagman) who were trying to get the tain and extend the institutions of American ganization-the veterans of this nation, or abortion bill reconsidered and defeated, you freedom, and to preserve and defend tha to the people of America: The beautiful de­ can't help but wonder where does he really United States from all her enemies, whom­ sign-for which we have Robert Hallock, an stand on the abortion issue. soever. artist from Newtown, Connecticut, to Mass transit package.-In 1972 many cit­ thank-cannot do less than bring to mind izens were up in arms about the gasoline tax This morning's program was most im­ of every citizen the sacrifice made by Amer­ increase and the diversion of 25 % of this in­ pressive. Executive Director Cooper T. ica's veterans. The brilliant red and blue on crease to mass transit to aid in the mass Holt of the VFW Washington office pre­ the field of white, immediately calls to mind movement of school children to schools away sided; the VFW National Honor Guard the red, white and blue of our country's :flag from their homes. Senator VanderLaan and a.ll that she stands for. played a key role in getting thls package of made the Presentation of Colors; and The big bright and outstanding V.F.W. bills passed in the Senate after they had VFW National Chaplain, Rev. Heney will be known to all-members and non­ passed the House. Reinewalk led the invocation. members alike-as representing the Veterans If you want to study the official records, I would like to take this opportunity of Foreign Wars of the United States-- an or­ you will find it in Senate Journal115 (12-12- to share with my colleagues some sig­ ganization of men who have fought overseas 72) on pages 2177 through 2181 and Senate nificant remarks of participants in the in defense of freedom and their country. Journal 117 (12-14-72) pp. 2236, and 2237. ceremonies: Centered beneath the V :.F.W. is the Cross In Senate Journal 115, page 2179, Sena­ of Malta, the emblem of the V :.F.W. And, in tor VanderLaan made the motion to give INTRODUCTION TO STAMP CEREMONY blue-75th Anniversary-commemorating a HB5706 immediate effect after it passed 21 (Remarks of Executive Director Cooper T. major milestone in our history. This stamp to 15. The immediate effect motion carried, Holt) honors also all veterans of all the foreign so the collection of the extra 2¢ a gallon gas Comrades, we now come to the highlight of wars fought by the United States. And, in tax started 2 months earlier than it would this general session. The Veterans of Foreign particular, those gallant men who fought in otherwise. Thanks to Senator VanderLaan Wars of the United States has received a dis­ the Spanish-American War and who are the this motion he made cost Michigan motorists tinct honor which will be conferred upon founders of the V.F.W. an additional $14 million in motor fuel taxes. us this morning. Each year hundreds of The United States Postal Service could not It still works.-Because Senator Vander­ groups and individuals apply to the United have done more for the veterans of this Laan was a faithful servant of the Governor States Postal Service for the distinction of country and the V.F.W. than to have issued in getting his tax bills passed, he no doubt having a stamp issued to commemorate a this most fitting tribute. Those who use it had the unofficial support of the Governor profession, part of the country, or anniver­ cannot help but be stirred by its brilliance and the whole Republican apparatus right sary. These requests are carefully weighed by and by the devotion, sacrifice and call to down to the precinct level. a Committee and recommendations are sub­ duty given by this country's veterans who Needless to say, VanderLaan's campaign mitted to the Postmaster General who also answered its need in time of peril. funds were plentiful, exceeding the total of gives a great deal of study to the proposal. It is now my pleasure to introduce to you his three opponents combined. Those who When approval is given to the request, the the man who made possible this outstand· benefit from looting the taxpayers' pockets design is selected after, again, much study ing tribute. put their money on the candidate who gives and deliberation so that the stamp will truly Our distinguished guest became the 60th them the best return. reflect the group it is to represent. From the postmaster general of the United States in Harry Hopkins's formula for political suc­ hundreds of requests, only about 20 a year January 1972. He served as Deputy Post­ cess was: "Tax, tax, spend, spend, elect, are approved and issued. master General from February 1969 until elect." It works just as well today as it did This morning the Veterans of Foreign Wars January 1971, when he resigned upon ap­ back in FDR's hey day. I am beginning to ls being honored by the United States Postal pointment to the Board of Governors of the believe the sheep like to be fleeced. Service with the issuance of a stamp com­ Postal Service. He is the only Deputy Post­ memorating the 75th anniversary of its master General, since the nation was a Crown founding. I wish to take this opportunity to colony, who subsequently became Postmaster thank the many people in the U. S. Postal General. VFW 75TH ANNIVERSARY COM­ Service with whom we have worked to reach At the time of .his initial appointment, MEMORATIVE STAMP this fine hour which will honor the V.F.W. he had completed a 40 year career as Presi­ I would like to commend the Citizens Stamp dent, Chief Operating Officer and Director of Advisory Committee who spent so many hours the American Can Company. HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI reaching the decision to recommend its is­ He played a prominent part in planning for suan~e and in the selection of the design. postal reform and was instrumental in the OP' NEW YORK And most importantly, I would like to extend enactment of the Postal Reorganization Act IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES my gratitude and appreciation to the Post­ of 1970 which transformed the former Post Monday, March 11, 1974 master General of the United States for his Office Department to an independent estab­ approval. For without his guidance and as­ lishment of the Federal Government. Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, it was a sistance, the honor we are to receive today He has been responsible tor many signlft­ great pleasure today for me to attend could not have taken place. cant steps in the modernization of the postal March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6257 system. Under his guidance, high-speed I have been around for a long time. My the arrogance and corporate greed of equipment 1s being installed to help handle country has been good to me. It has been good big oil. the 90 billion pieces of mall which flow to all of us. I have great confidence in ·the through the system each year. By his direc­ future as long as we have organizations like The Renegotiation Board-which over tion, a continuing serie5 of service improve­ the VFW that place duty and love of country the past 20 years has recaptured over ment conferences are being held to pursue ahead of all other considerations. $1.16 billion in excess profits from Gov­ better methods of mail handling. Now it is my privilege to present souvenir ernment contractors-is one tool which It is a privilege and honor to have this albums of the VFW stamp that we dedicate could be used to regulate the big oil gentleman with us today to take part in the today. companies. Primarily, the Board could first day of issue ceremonies commemorating By tradition, the first album is for the Pres­ the 75th anniversary of the founding of the ident. The next one is for Ray R. Soden, be used to examine the profitability of Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United National Commander-in-Chief, VFW. leases which the oil companies obtain States. May I present to you, the Postmaster John J. Stang, Senior Vice Commander-in­ from the Federal Government and which General-the Honorable E. T. Klassen. Chief, VFW. permit them to drill o:ffshore and to mine Thomas "Pete" Walker, Junior Vice Com­ for oil shale in the public lands of the REMARKS OF POSTMASTER GENERAL E. T. mander-in-Chief, VFW. Rocky Mountains. By adding the De­ KLASSEN Julian Dickenson, Adjutant General, VFW. partment of the Interior's mineral leas­ It is with a great deal of pride that we is­ J. A. Cheatham, Quartermaster General, ing programs to the activities subject to sue the VFW Stamp today in recognition of VFW. Congressman Dulski. review by the Renegotiation Board, the your organization's 75 years of service to public could possibly recover hundreds of America. I now take particular pleasure in present­ We also dedicate the stamp to the millions ing an album to a man who really does "Re­ millions of dollars. In this way, the pub­ of men who fought in the front lines from member the Maine." He is George S. Richey of lic's interest in these national treasure San Juan Hill to the Ho Chi Minh Trail to Flint, Michigan. Mr. Richey is Junior Com­ deposits could be protected. keep democracy alive and free. No organiza­ mander-in-Chief of the United Spanish War Oil deposits on public lands are a tion or individual can have a more noble Veterans and a life member of the VFW. major source of future energy supplies. mission than to serve flag and country. For example, leases were let early this Generations of Americans have served our year for $1.5 billion for almost half a country well. They served it with valor-with million acres of o:ffshore oil lands in the confidence--and with unsurpassed dedica­ RENEGOTIATION BOARD SHOUI.D Gulf of Mexico. tion. Theirs was the spirit that made Amer­ BE EMPOWERED TO EXAMINE ica. the strongest and most progressive na­ LEASES OF PUBLIC LANDS AND Considering the current prices of crude tion on earth. MINERAL RESOURCES oil and their rapid escalation upward, But in recent years our national sense of the public's interest may not be served duty and pride seems to have diminished. We by these bids, in spite of their seeming are just emerging from an era in which many enormity. This is particularly true in Americans cut and ran when their country HON. CHARLES A. YANIK o:ffshore leases, where an extra large oil needed them. They sneered at patriotism. OF OHIO deposit can mean a financial windfall. In They evaded mtlitary service. They trampled on the stars and stripes. These people did not IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this time of energy crisis, I believe that degrade the flag. They degraded themselves. Monday, March 11, 1974 the energy resource leases being made by But we are faced now with another kind the Department of the Interior deserve of "cop-out" that is far more ominous in its Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, this spring, the same type of scrutiny as World War long-range potential. The American people the Congress will be considering the ex­ U defense contracts. The public should are turning their backs on the institutions of tension of the Renegotiation Board, a have the right to find out how many oil business and government that--together­ small Government agency designed to re­ or mineral deposits are actually on their have made our country the envy of mankind. capture excess profits resulting from lands that are being leased away, and The Harris poll shows that only 29 percent Government defense and space contracts. of the people have confidence in business and then be able to recover a fair amount industry. Only 40 percent respect the mili­ During the consideration of this legis­ from the use of the land. Profiteering tary. An overwhelming majority places lation, I intend to o:ffer amendments through the use of public lands must not greater trust in the garbage collector than which would empower the Board to ex­ be permitted. in government. amine leases of public lands and re­ The first two leases of oil shale lands Well, America. does have problems. But sources for recovery of oil or minerals. in Colorado have provided a classic ex­ what country and what people don't? The amendment would require the Board ample of how the public interest has been More than half of the world's population to assess private companies additional placed in jeopardy by the present bonus lives under the heel of communism. Two­ sums in cases of windfall profits resulting thirds of the people alive today are condem­ bid system. The first 5,100-acre lease­ med to hopeless poverty. Inflation is bad from their use and recovery of resources "C-a"-of Western slope oil shale lands­ here--but it is far worse nearly everywhere from these public lands. had an original Interior Department else. The spectacle of greed presented by "minimum acceptable bid" valuation of Our form of government may not be per­ profiteering American oil companies has between $5 and $9 million. Yet the bid fect--but it is the same government that given the Congress more stimulation results brought in over $210 million. gave us the Constitution and the Bill of than ever to consider means of oil in­ While this seemed like-and is-an Rights. And I would remind the faint­ dustry regulation and recapture of excess enormous sum of money, the yield to the hearted that they have prospered beyond profits. While citizens sacrifice because imagination because business and industry Federal Government on some 4 billion created for them the highest standard of of reported petroleum shortages, oil com­ barrels on the tract is only about 5.2 cents living the world has ever known. panies have posted profit margin in­ per barrel-and even this may be reduced The military has always been ready when creases up to 90 percent over 1972. De­ through later adjustments. the chips were down. And it is the only thing spite a national attempt to conserve en­ A month later, the second tract was today that stands between the free world and ergy resources and maintain reasonable leased. The land involved was estimated enslavement. All of these institutions deserve prices, oil companies are able to a:fford to contain about 723 million barrels of our support and gratitude. massive advertising campaigns because shale oil. The mining method being used Our memories may tell us that America was they "would like you to know." Despite better in years gone by. It was not. Each was more costly than the method used on generation has been beset by great and grave the existence of large amounts of some the first tract, yet the bonus bid on this problems. But each generation worked to­ refined oils purchased at low wholesale tract brought in $117 million, or about gether and pulled together to leave a nation prices, oil retailers have not hesitated to 16.3 cents per barrel. that was stronger than the one it inherited. double or triple their prices to the con­ In other words, if the same per barrel The only question is whether this generation sumer. bid had been received on both tracts, the cares enough to do what is right for America. The American oil indu.'3try has proven, Federal Treasury would have received No problem can ever be solved by running quite conclusively, that the management away from it. Nothing can be gained by con­ approximately half a billion dollars more. demning business and government just be­ of American energy resources cannot be Yet now that these leases have been let, cause we don't agree with everything they are left solely to the giant oil companies. there appears to be little hope of any doing. We would be damn poor Americans if Soaring profits, neglect of the public in­ adjustment or recovery in favor of the we supported our institutions only when it terest, monopoly control, and a general public. suited our mood or self-interest. abuse of the consumer, are all results of The mechanism of the Renegotiation 6258 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 11, 1974 Board could have been used to protect The Renegotiation Board, an agent of the For 62 years Girl Scouting ha& grown the public's interest in this type of bid/ Federal government, was formed in 1943 and and survived in the communities of our lease. given authority to audit the finances of de- Nation, not as a self-centered group In addition to protecting the American tense contractors to prevent them from real- izing excess profits at the expense of the seeking its own virtues but as an orga­ public from excessive profiteering, re- American public and the national war effort. nization which reaches out to other negotiation of leases let on public lands Although given only temporary authority groups and individuals as partners in will also serve to protect us from the in- originally, the Congress has granted two year the business of making this a better competency of our own Government extensions to the Board since 1945. The Re­ world. agencies. At the end of January of this negotiation Board's authority is currently The activities of the Girl Scouts are year, I warned that the price the Depart- limited to government defense and space truly innovative. They still hike, camp, ment of the Interior was about to accept contracts. Vanik says that renegotiation of leases for and learn some basic home management as bonus bids on Colorado oil shale lands public lands and resources is one way to help skills, but they are also involved in pro­ was extremely low. In early February, I regulate the massive profits of American oil grams which aid the disadvantaged chil­ wrote Secretary of the Interior Morton companies, while at the same time ensuring dren in the inner-city areas and migrant asking his office to consider delaying the the American public a fair return for the use labor camp.s; they work with handi­ Federal prototype oil shale leasing pro- and consumption of their properties. capped children and they assist the el­ gram to allow time to reexamine there- "The public should have the right to find derly. Their councils conduct drug edu­ turn that the public was receiving out how much oil or mineral deposits are actually on the public lands that are being cation programs and enlist the aid of through bonus bids to t he Government. leased away," vanik said, "and then be able civic and service groups to make local I told Secretary Morton that there was to recover a fair amount for the use of the communities aware of the opportunity a threefold disparity between the first land." and the need for effective action against and second oil shale tract leases. To this Citing examples of disparities in recent drug abuse. date I still have not received a reply from Ieasings in the Federal Prototype oil shale The cooperative effort between the the Secretary. program, Vanik said that renegotiation, Girl Scouts and communities takes as On January 23, I wrote to the u.s. "could help assure the public that, in addi­ many different forms as there are Scout Geological Survey asking them for their tion to preventing the riches of the public troops. estimate of the value of these two tracts lands from being a windfall to private busi- ness, it will also stop them from being given Some projects are national in scope of land. Although the figure has been away by the government." and participation, and others meet a kept confidential despite an apparent He was referring to a Department of the specific need on a local level. lack of authority, it has been learned Interior official evaluation that would have One project which is currently having that the Department of the Interior allowed over 4 billion barrels of recoverable a national impact is "Education for Par­ would have been willing to lease the first shale oil to be lea.sed for as little as 9 million enthood." A 1-year ~;rant by the Depart­ oil shale tract for about one-twentieth dollars, while it eventually brought a high ment of Health, Education, and Weliare of the ultimate high bid. The Washing- bid of over $210 million-twenty times Inte­ helped the Girl Scouts to set up this ton Post of March 5 reports that Interior rior's "minimum acceptable bid." Vanik pointed out that if the first oil nationwide project for teenage boys and now recognizes that they made a large shale tract had been leased for the same per girls. The goal is to prepare teenagers for error in their estimation of that "mini- barrel price as the second lease, the Treasury a more effective parenthood by helping mum acceptable bid." would have received an extra $400 million. them learn about child development Renegotiation could help us assm·e the Renegotiation authority could help recover a and the role of parents. public that, in addition to preventing the substantial portion of this windfa.ll. In different areas of our country Girl riches of the public lands from being a The Ohio Congressman 1s concerned that the Department of the Interior, charged the Scout councils in the education for par­ windfall to privat~ b~ess, it will a Is0 responsibility for protection of trillions of enthood projects pull together a variety stop them from bemg g1ven away by the dollars of public resources, is allowing those of community resources. Such joint ef­ Government. . precious properties to be squandered away forts are very beneficial to the future The Renegotiation Board was first through either incompetency or too close parents inasmuch as it provides them started in 1943 with then-temporary au- cooperation with the companies. His legisla­ with a practical education and at the thority to audit finances of defense con- tion would allow an objective, independent same time gives child care agencies the tractors. The Board existed to insure that third party to inspect the lease agreements. extra· help they often need to care for private business did not profit at the the children in their charge. Some teen­ public's expense. Aggregate contractor agers are working with preschool chil­ profits are examined by the Board, with dren in day care centers, church nurs­ p1·o:fi.ts determined to be in excess re­ GmL SCOUTS OF AMERICA eries, Headstart programs, and summer turned to the Government. The author­ recreation camps. ity, still temporary but extended every 2 HON. WILLIAM H. NATCHER Girl Scout community service projects years since 1945, has been amended to in­ OF KENTUCKY are often undertaken without benefit of clude space and aviation contracts let grants and the small projects carried out by the Federal Government. Under cur­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by the Scouts in their own local com­ rent legislation, the Board expires on Monday, March 11, 1974 munities seldom make national head­ June 30. This legislative opportunity of Mr. NATCHER. Mr. Speaker, during lines. But these projects that fill a spe­ renewing the Board's life should be seized the week of March 12 through March 18 cific need in one particular area are the and used to provide greater protection the Girl Scouts of America will observe very foundation of the Girl Scout tradi­ to the American people. the 62d anniversary of their founding, tion of service, and it is these services I include a news release: and it is again my pleasure to pay tribute which are making a significant contri­ VANIK To INTRODUCE LEGISLATION To RENEGo­ to this outstanding organization and to bution to the future of our country. TIATE RESOURCE LEAsES; POINTS TO POSSIBLE commend them for another year of serv­ In my home State of Kentucky, the $400 MILLION Loss TO TREASURY IN RECENT ice to girls and to our country. Girl Scouts of the Kentuckiana Council OIL SHALE LEASE cooperate with the local Salvation Army Congressman Charles A. Vanik, in a speech Girl Scouts of the United States of America is the largest voluntary orga­ to sponsor an annual "Helping Hands in the House of Representatives, today an­ Day." From 7-year-old Brownies to 17- nounced he would introduce legislation to nization for girls in the free world and allow a re-examination of leases and sales of the ideals fostered by this organization year-old seniors, the Scouts provide help­ public lands and resources to ensure that inspires its members toward high ideals ing hands to collect used clothing, house­ private companies do not reap extraordinary of character, conduct, patriotism, and hold items, and small appliances, which profits from them at the expense of the service so that they may become happy are given to the men's social service cen­ public. and resourceful citizens. The organiza­ ters of the Salvation Army. The repair The legislation, in the form of an amend­ tion gives a girl an opportunity to be of these items provide work and a small ment to a bill extending the authorization of income for the men in the center. the Renegotiation Board, would allow the herself; to grow in her own way, choose Board to renegotiate profits that companies the personal values she wants to hold, Last year this project drew participa­ receive from public lands by recovery of oil and to lead the kind of life she wants tion from 9,000 Girl Scouts and yielded and minerals or other natural resources. to lead. 17,000 pounds of discarded items. The March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6259 vehicle rental agencies provided trailers Acceptance of this simple fact of life The multinational corporations would be and trucks for the pickup e:flort, and the should spare one a great deal of moral in­ wiser to cease trying to bend the political Teamsters Union donated trucks and dignation and surprise-surprise that after process to their own purposes, at home or years of receiving huge tax breaks and oU abroad. That is a dangerous game, which is drivers, which attests to the community import quotas allegedly to avoid a domestic bound to provoke a social reaction in this support for this project. oil shortage, there should be a horrendous country and others. Corporations that are Success stories like this are happening domestic oil shortage, Surprise that the same insensitive to the needs and rights of any every day in large and small commu­ oil companies that extracted those import nation to determine its own social ends may nities wherever there is Girl Scouting. quotas from Government to prevent foreign be digging a grave for themselves. Mr. Speaker, as the Girl Scouts pre­ price competition should now attribute their pare to celebrate their 62d anniversary, failure to build domestic refineries to the un­ certain supply of foreign crude oil. Or sur­ I want to wish them every success and prise-to take an event of recent weeks-that hope that they will continue to grow so some oil companies, in the midst of an energy THE FERTn..IZER SHORTAGE: A that they can expand their influence to shortage that has millions frantic, should GROWING PROBLEM OF SUPPLY reach the lives of our young people who reduce the crude oil they are bringing into AND DEMAND have not yet been exposed to their high the United States, lest they have to share ideals and many worthwhile programs. that oil, on allocation orders from the Federal Energy Office, with other companies at son1e HON. ORVAL HANSEN cost to their own profits. OF IDAHO You Inight have thought that, with the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES enormous increase in oil profits, thanks to A CLASH OF on. PROFITS WITH the run-up in prices after the Arab embargo, Monday, March 11, 1974 THE NATIONAL GOOD the multinational oil companies would have Mr. HANSEN of Idaho. Mr. Speaker, said to themselves: "Let's bring in the oil and share it, but protest the allocation rules recent reports from the Department of HON. HERMAN BADILLO as vigorously as we can, because they are Agriculture and from the !ertil.izer in­ OF NEW YORK costing us money. But we should act as dustry indicate a shortage of serious IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES though we are seriously concerned about the proportions of fertilizers that will be re­ nation's problems, and recognize that the quired by American farmers if they are Monday, Mm·ch 11, 1974 Government has to allocate oil somehow, to achieve their crop production goals Mr. BADILLO. Mr. Speaker, a recent since sectors of the country and the economy this year. editorial by Leonard Silk in the New are suffering. After all, this big country is an The Idaho farmer, like his fellow important part of our Inarket." York Times poses the question of how But if you thought so, you would be for­ farmers throughout the Nation, is con­ far the American-based multinational getting the simple and fundame-ntal prin­ fronted with a perplexing dilemma. He oil companies can go in pursuit of short­ ciple of short-term profit maxiinization. In has been exhorted to "plant to the fence­ term profit maximization and still remain fact, the-Federal Energy office hastily changed posts" by the Secretary of Agriculture, oblivious to the social and economic the allocation rules so that the multination­ and because of favorable economic con­ consequences of their activities. Mr. Silk als would no longer refuse to bring crude ditions in the agricultural market, is en­ lays bare with a few incisive stokes of oil into the United States. thusiastic to comply with this request. The multinational oil corporations have a the pen the political manipulations of the special problem now, for which they may de­ On the other hand, he is being informed oil industry that have succeeded in pro­ serve some sympathy. They must obediently by suppliers that fertilizer necessary to tecting its domestic market while leading respond to the commands of such Govern­ achieve this increased production will to the shortage that such policies were ments as Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, over be in very short supply. ostensibly designed to avert. which they have much less infiuence than The Department of Agriculture has In a somewhat prophetic vein, the over the Government of the United States, estimated that 1974 crop year demand author warns that the emphasis on pro­ even if this means helping the Arab coun­ for nitrogen, phosphate, and potash will tries to levy economic warfare against the be 12, 9, and 8 percent higher respec­ fits to the exclusion of all other con­ United States. siderations may bring the companies into The multinational corporations would tively than 1973 consumption levels. De­ direct conflict with national interests, like to be world citizens, but since there is mand for fertilizer has been rising over and he implies strongly that it could well no world gove·rnment, no world community the years. In 1965 American farmers be the corporate interests that will bend to which they are responsible, they must used 4% million tons of nitrogen ferti­ in any confrontation of public welfare feign loyalty to every country where they do lizer; in 1970 the figure rose to 7% mil­ versus private gains. business, concealing the fiag under which lion tons, and in 1973, tonnage demand The case for coordination of energy they really sail-a Jolly Roger emblazoned stood at 9 million tons. This increasing with the motto. "Shorten profit maximiza­ demand reflects certain basic factors. development with public policy grows tion." stronger by the day, and I believe that But is that corporate flag really a Jolly First, a release of 60 million additional Mr. Silk has accurately gaged the result Roger, or does it signify as legitimate and acres from the farmland set-aside pro­ of the collision of purpose that the oil worthy a purpose as that pursued by most gram, with nearly 20 million acres of this companies are unwilling to cushion by nation-states? "There are few ways in which total being released this year. Increased any actions that would reveal a sen­ a man can be more innocently employed than yields are also planned for planted acres, sitivity to the needs of the American making money," said Dr. Samuel Johnson, and since most of the set-aside lands people. and this may hold for corporations as well as coming into production are of marginal individuals most of the time. In their quest I include the editorial in full at this for profits, corporations doubtless increase quality, fertilizer need will be greater. point in the RECORD: economic efficiency-and the multinationals Net farm income, at its highest level in MULTINATIONAL MORALS cio this on a global scale. But some Ameri­ history in 1973, will encourage and en­ (By Leonard Silk) can corporations were happy to do business able farmers to fund larger fertilizer with Hitler, or to subvert democratic Gov­ purchases. The dinosaur died out, they say, because ernments in Latin America and elsewhere, Even though domestic supplies of it had a pea-sized brain. Could the gargan­ and there is nothing innocent about that. tuan oil corporations expire for the same rea­ plant nutrients are projected to in­ In any case, economics is not everything, crease by nearly 9 percent this year, seri­ son? and the nation-state, when it is healthy and It is difficult to figure out how the cor­ principled, is the appropriate institution for ous shortages are anticipated in nitrogen porate Inind works. One oil industry execu­ serving the broader social, political and and phosphate fertilizers, and potash tive has tartly remarked that security and psychological goals of its citizens. To safe­ supplies could be adversely affected by growth can be added to profit as corporate guard the freedom of its citizens, a nation rail transportation difficulties. goals "if you want three goals rather than cannot be the instrument of corporations The Department of Agriculture esti­ one, but the first two are implicit in profits." that have no other purpose than profit-max­ mates a 1 million ton shortage of nitro­ And another executive, in his cups, once con­ imization, however legitimate and useful that gen fertilizer, and a 700,000 ton shortage fessed to the writer: "When a business objective may be in a limited context. statesman makes public speeches, he has to The danger is not that corporations will of phosphate. The Fertilizer Institute, talk in terms ot social responsibility and pursue their pecuniary interests, especially however, believes that the actual short­ long-term profit maximization, but the if they do so within the constraints of com­ ages will be closer to 3 million tons of truth-the deep secret he can never admit to petition, but that they will corrupt and cap­ nitrogen and 1.5 million tons of phos­ anyone except the lady who shares his pil­ ture the powers of government and trans­ phate. I understand that the National low-is that he is a short-term profit maxi­ figure national values and institutions to Council of Farm Cooperatives favors the mizer." serve their corporate interests. Fertilizer Institute estimate. 6260 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS · March 11, 1974 The difference in these estimates could A release from the Federal Power Barret has pledged that his Province will be based on differing factors of applica­ Commission dated January 31, 1974, pro­ meet long-term gas commitments to sup­ tion rate. I believe that a review of the jected that major interstate natural gas ply the Pacific Northwest, including data utilized in arriving at these esti­ pipeline supply deficiencies are expected Idaho, he cannot guarantee prices. Cur­ mates should be conducted to determine to be 53 percent higher during Septem­ tailments and price uncertainties clearly which set of projections is closer to the ber 1973 through August 1974 than they point to the need to explore for new gas truth. Obviously, the spread in the ni­ were a year earlier. The FPC reported sources within the United States, and trogen shortage projection deserves spe­ actual and projected curtailments of Intermountain and four other Northwest cial consideration because of the serious service by 18 of the 36 reporting com­ gas distributors are engaged in an explo­ implications for wheat farmers requiring panies. ration venture in the Rocky Mountain top dressing for crops and for the pro­ Natural gas fuel and feedstock re­ area. When companies such as these at­ jected demand for nitrogen fertilizer by quirements of nitrogen fertilizer plants tempt to augment or expand supplies the Nation's corn farmers. consumes only 2 percent of our Nation's from domestic sources, thereby relieving The shortages projected by the Ferti­ total annual consumption, or 470 billion a dependence on imported gas, I believe lizer Institute could result in a loss of 22.5 cubic feet out of a total consumption of they should be encouraged and assisted million tons of grain production. When 22 trillion cubic feet. in this effort by the expeditious handling one considers the need to replenish our To meet the Department of Agricul­ of necessary documentation by regula­ own grain inventories as well as the need ture's projected shortage of nitrogen tory agencies, and in favorable and to help fill the needs of a grain-hungry fertilizer this year, the industry will re­ timely consideration of nominal rate in­ world, we can ill afford to lose this quire an additional 43 billion cubic feet creases to meet exploration costs. Success amount of production. of natural gas, or about 1/ 500 of the in a venture of this nature produces sup­ What economic implications do these total natural gas produced. Although the ply and cost benefits not only to the ferti­ projected shortages have for the Amer­ Federal Power Commission attempted lizer production sector, but also to all ican farmer? Obviously, yields would to cut down on low priority usage, which other gas consumers. drop, as would farm income. Reduced fer­ accounts for 65 percent of our total con­ The current fuel shortages in this tilizer expenditures of $5 per acre can re­ sumption, through establishment of pri­ country clearly indicate the need to in­ duce gross income to the farmer by $10 ority of service guidelines, curtailments crease domestic production to the maxi­ to $15 per acre in grain value. This fig­ through 1973 amounted to a loss of 300,- mum extent possible to lessen our de­ ure can rise to $20 to $30 per acre if grain 000 tons of ammonia. Under the present pendence on costly and uncertain energy is fed to animals. Of course, decreased priority system, plants with firm con­ sources from abroad. Such dependence livestock production will ultimately re­ tracts receive a No. 2 priority, after resi­ leaves us highly vulnerable to rapidly in­ sult in higher costs for the U.S. con­ dential requirements. In this category creasing demand situations in other sumer. they compete with all other firm con­ countlies, as well as sudden changes in How do we go about combating this tract industrial users for supplies of gas. export policy based solely on self -serving problem? For the short term, economic Plants with interruptible contracts, economic considerations. A case in point incentives must be present in the domes­ which account for 22 percent of our is the recently announced intention of tic market to offset export demand. In domestic fertilizer production capacity, the Algerian Government to increase the return for decontrol of domestic fertil­ fall into categories 6 to 9. It is estimated cost of its natural gas exports by as izer prices, producers agreed to curtail that curtailments under this system will much as 986 percent. American compa­ a significant portion of their export sales result in a loss of 17.5 billion cubic feet nies are now being requested to renego­ and to stabilize prices when an effective for the crop year ending June 1974. tiate long-term contracts. One American incentive level was achieved. This com­ To maintain maximum production company, El Paso Gas, faces the possi­ mitment is still being maintained despite levels of existing plants, the Federal bility of a price increase from 30.5 cents the fact that world prices continue to Power Commission should review the pri­ per thousand cubic feet to 3 per thousand spiral upward. For example, domestic ority system and elevate all fertilizer cubic feet. Algeria has indicated that ammonia is selling for around $120 a ton, plant requirements for fuel and feedstock Europe and Japan will be eager custom­ whereas ammonia consigned for export is to the No.2 priority level, irregardless of ers if the United States does not want selling at between $200 and $210 a ton, the firm or interruptible nature of their Algelian gas at these new proposed with spot sales of as high as $300 a ton contracts. prices. reported. A similar situation exists in Long-range gas contracts, an impor­ If a pricing structure review is initi­ urea and diammonium phosphate, with tant determinant in the construction of ated by the Federal Power Commission, domestic prices trailing world prices by new plants, will require ample supplies I hope that consideration will be given at least $100 a ton. of natural gas. The Federal Power Com­ to the need for coordination of intra­ When the House Committee on Agri­ mission should review its present pricing state pricing policies, over which FPC culture held hearings on the fertilizer structuTe to determine what adjustments presently lacks jurisdiction. Obviously, if shortage situation in September and will be required to increase domestic nat­ the fertilizer industry is to be induced October of 1973, certain suggestions were ural gas production, which has steadily to expand production and commit long­ offered repeatedly. First, a decontrol of declined from 16,000 wells to 8,000 wells term capital to new plants, coordination domestic prices was essential, and that in the years since 1956. of Government policies must be achieved has now been achieved. Second, domestic When the Federal Power Commission to insw·e ample supplies of natural gas production, already running at nearly studies the pricing structure to deter­ at fair and reasonably stable prices. full capacity, must be increased. This in­ mine if adjustments can be made to in­ The curtailment of electrical power to creased production will require the con­ crease natural gas production, considera­ fertilizer plants should be explored by struction of additional plants, with esti­ tion should also be given to those com­ the Federal Energy Office. The perspec­ mated costs ranging between $35 and $60 panies that depend on gas supplies out­ tive development by the FEO in its prior­ million apiece, and really efficient plants side the United States. For instance, in ity classification for food production does costing as much as $80 to $100 million. the State of Idaho, Intermountain Gas not currently include fertilizer produc­ Lead times on construction run about 18 takes two-thirds of its gas from Cana­ tion, and this disparity should be re­ months, and actual construction can dian sources and one-third from the viewed and corrected. take as much as 3 years per plant. Most United States. Over the past 3 or 4 A measure of short-term relief can be importantly, new construction will de­ months, Intermountain has been faced extened to the fertilizer industry by ad­ pend on long-term commitments from with considerable change in the prices justment of service priolities mentioned gas companies for adequate, uninter­ paid for Canadian supply. In addition, above. Another possibility to provide re­ rupted supplies of natural gas. A mini­ Intermountain faced a disruption in lief to the Pacific Northwest would be a mum commitment of a 15-year supply is service from Canada. temparary suspension of the Jones Act essential to initiate construction plans. Fortunately, Intermountain's manage­ to allow the shipment of anhydrous am­ Fertilizer plants already in existence also ment were able to effectively coordinate monia and pelleted urea from Alaska to require guarantees of uninterrupted gas their resources to serve their customers' the west coast in foreign vessels. I un­ service if they are to maintain capacity needs with a minimum of disruption. Al­ derstand the Federal Maritime Oommis­ levels. though British Columbia Premier David sion has this suggestion under review, March 11, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6261 and I would encourage prompt and fa­ uation will undoubtedly include some JULIA BUTLER HANSEN vorable action to implement this tempo­ recommendations for export controls. rary relief for this section of the country. My study of the implications of such a I have sponsored legislation, H.R. move has determined that embargoes HON. LLOYD MEEDS 13279, to suspend the provisions of sec­ would be counterproductive. First of all, tion 27 of the Merchant Marine Act o.f we are dependent on shipments of Ca­ OF WASHINGTON 1920, to allow these fertilizer shipments nadian potash, and certain areas of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on vessels of foreign registry. country receive large tonnages of fin­ Tuesday, March 5, 1974 Transportation difficulties continue to ished Canadian fertilizer. This arrange­ Mr. MEEDS. Mr. Speaker, it gives me plague the American farmer and the ment is not one-sided, as Canada de­ great pleasure at this point to include in fertilizer industry. According to the Fer­ pends on this country for shipments of the RECORD the views of the Senator from tilizer Institute, we lack 511 boxcars and phosphate rock. Second, export trade is Washington

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Tuesday, March 12, 1974 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. THE JOURNAL The vote was taken by electronic de­ vice, and there were--yeas 16, _nays 365, Rev. Boswell J. Clark, of the Clinton The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ Presbyterian Church, Clinton, Md., of­ answered "present" 3, not votmg 47, as ined the Journal of the last day's pro­ follows: fered the following prayer: ceedings and announces to the House his [Roll No. 751 · Eternal God, Creator and Ruler of the approval thereof. YEA8-16 universe, Thou who ha.st led this Nation Is there objection to dispensing with Abzug Grasso Rangel into freedom under the law, we thank the reading of the Journal? Addabbo Grover Rosenthal Badillo Holtzman Stanton, Thee for this Government which provides MOTION OFFERED BY MR. WOLFF Bingham Koch JamesV. the way that we may govern ourselves Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, I object to Brown, Calif. Lent Wolff with equity and justice. Grant us wisdom dispensing with the reading of the Jour­ Dulski Mathis, Ga. and courage for the needs of this day as nat, and I move that the Journal be read. NAYs-365 we perform the duties for which we have The SPEAKER. The question is, Shall Abdnor Barrett Brooks been elected. Where there is need for the Journal be read? · Adams Bauman Broomfield decision on matters of state, grant us Anderson, Beard Brotzman The question was taken; and the Calif. Bell Brown, Mich. the wisdom of Solomon and the courage Speaker announced that the noes ap­ Anderson, Til. Bennett Brown, Ohio of David to stand firm in that in which peared to have it. Andrews, N.C. Bergland Broyhlll, N.C. we believe; yet give us tolerant hearts to Andrews, Bevill Broyhill, Va. Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, I object to N.Dak. Biester Buchanan listen to the views of our fellow Repre­ the vote on the ground that a quorum is Annunzlo Blackburn Burgener sentatives, that this democracy may not present and make the point of order Archer Boggs Burke, Fla. Arends Boland Burke, Mass. function well "to establish justice, insure that a quorum is not present. Armstrong Bol11ng Burleson, Tex. domestic tranquillity, promote the gen­ The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum is Ashbrook Bowen Burlison, Mo. eral welfare and secure the blessings of not present. Ashley Bradem as Burton Aspin Bray Byron life, liberty, and the pursuit of happi­ The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab­ Bafalis Breaux Camp ness" for all. Amen. sent Members. Baker Brinkley Carney, Ohio