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Study Guide Medical Terminology by Thea Liza Batan About the Author
Study Guide Medical Terminology By Thea Liza Batan About the Author Thea Liza Batan earned a Master of Science in Nursing Administration in 2007 from Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. She has worked as a staff nurse, nurse instructor, and level department head. She currently works as a simulation coordinator and a free- lance writer specializing in nursing and healthcare. All terms mentioned in this text that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Use of a term in this text shouldn’t be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Copyright © 2017 by Penn Foster, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to Copyright Permissions, Penn Foster, 925 Oak Street, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18515. Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS INSTRUCTIONS 1 READING ASSIGNMENTS 3 LESSON 1: THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY 5 LESSON 2: DIAGNOSIS, INTERVENTION, AND HUMAN BODY TERMS 28 LESSON 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL, CIRCULATORY, AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMS 44 LESSON 4: DIGESTIVE, URINARY, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TERMS 69 LESSON 5: INTEGUMENTARY, NERVOUS, AND ENDOCRINE S YSTEM TERMS 96 SELF-CHECK ANSWERS 134 © PENN FOSTER, INC. 2017 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY PAGE III Contents INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION Welcome to your course on medical terminology. You’re taking this course because you’re most likely interested in pursuing a health and science career, which entails proficiencyincommunicatingwithhealthcareprofessionalssuchasphysicians,nurses, or dentists. -
The Proceedings of the World Neurosurgery Webinar Conference 2020
The Proceedings of the World Neurosurgery Webinar Conference 2020 Editor G Narenthiran FRCS(SN) Neurosurgery Research Listserv The Proceedings of the World Neurosurgery Webinar Conference Abstract 1 [Poster] Xanthogranuloma in the suprasellar region: a case report Mechergui H, Kermani N, Jemel N, Slimen A, Abdelrahmen K, Kallel J Neurosurgical department, National Institute of Neurology of Tunis Contact: [email protected]; Tunisia Conict of interests: none Objective: Xanthogranuloma, also known as cholesterol granuloma, is extremely rare. It represents approximately 1.9% of tumours in the sellar and parasellar region with 83 cases recognised in the literature. The preoperative diagnosis is dicult due to the lack of clinical and radiological specicities. Through this work, we report the third case of xanthogranuloma in the sellar region described in Tunisia. The Proceedings of the World Neurosurgery Webinar Conference Page 1 The Proceedings of the World Neurosurgery Webinar Conference Method: We report the case of 29-year-old girl who was followed up since 2012 for delayed puberty. The patient presented with a 1-year history of decreased visual acuity on the right side. On ophthalmological examination her visual acuity was rated 1/10 with right optic atrophy. Biochemical studies revealed ante-pituitary insuciency. The MRI demonstrated a sellar and suprasellar lesion with solid and cystic components associated with calcication evoking in the rst instance a craniopharyngioma. She underwent a total resection of the tumour by a pterional approach. Result: The anatomopathological examination concluded the lesion to be an intrasellar Xanthogranuloma. Conclusion: Sellar xanthogranuloma is a rare entity that is dicult to diagnose preoperatively due to its similarities with other cystic lesions of the sellar region, especially craniopharyngioma. -
Spontaneous CSF Leaks Low CSF Volume Syndromes
Spontaneous CSF Leaks Low CSF Volume Syndromes Bahram Mokri, MD KEYWORDS Spontaneous CSF leak Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) CSF hypovolemia Orthostatic headaches Diffuse patchy meningeal enhancement Acquired Chiari malformation Epidural blood patch Radioisotope cisternography KEY POINTS Spontaneous intracranial hypotension nearly always results from spontaneous cerebro- spinal fluid (CSF) leaks, typically at the spine level and only rarely from the skull base. The triad of orthostatic headaches, diffuse patchy meningeal enhancement, and low CSF pressure, although a diagnostic hallmark, may or may not be encountered because the variability in clinical presentations, imaging observations, and CSF findings is indeed substantial. The core pathogenetic factor is a decreased volume of CSF rather than its pressure. The anatomy of the leak may be complex. A preexisting dural weakness, usually in connection with an abnormality of the connective tissue matrix sometimes along with triv- ial traumas, may play an etiologic role. Slow-flow and fast-flow CSF leaks each present challenges on locating the actual site of the leak. Epidural blood patch (EBP) has emerged as the treatment of choice when conservative measures have failed. However, expect considerable variability in response to this treat- ment, and recall that the efficacy of EBP in spontaneous CSF leaks is substantially less than its efficacy in postlumbar puncture leaks. Surgery may be helpful in well-selected cases, when less invasive measures have failed and when the site of the leak has been definitely identified. INTRODUCTION About 2 decades ago, the first report on pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement in spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) appeared in the literature.1 This relatively short interval has witnessed enormous progress while a much larger number of pa- tients are now identified and a far broader clinical spectrum is recognized.2 Funding Source: None. -
Meningeal Sarcoidosis, Pseudo-Meningioma, and J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: First Published As 10.1136/Jnnp.55.4.300 on 1 April 1992
30030ournal ofNeurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1992;55:300-303 Meningeal sarcoidosis, pseudo-meningioma, and J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.55.4.300 on 1 April 1992. Downloaded from pachymeningitis of the convexity D Ranoux, B Devaux, C Lamy, J Y Mear, F X Roux, J L Mas Abstract lb) and was enhanced on TI-weighted gado- Two cases of meningeal sarcoidosis with linium MRI (fig 1c). Carotid angiography unusual and misleading presentations are showed a slight stenosis of the C5 segment of reported. In the first case, CT scan, the left internal carotid artery. Selective left angiographic, and MRI findings were external carotid angiography showed a vas- indistinguishable from those ofmeningio- cular lesion lateral to the carotid siphon, ma. CSF pleiocytosis may help in diag- supplied by the middle meningeal artery (fig nosing sarcoid pseudo-meningioma. The id). Cerebrospinal fluid was normal except for second patient had transient focal deficits elevated proteins (0-85 g/l). A diagnosis of and pachymeningitis ofthe convexity. The meningioma was made, and the patient was transient deficits were probably of epi- treated with carbamazepine. leptic origin based on their response to She was readmitted 16 months later because antiepileptic treatment. The diagnosis of of worsening headaches and diplopia. Exam- neurosarcoidosis was made only after ination showed trigeminal hypesthesia, ptosis meningeal biopsy, despite thorough and paresis ofthe medial rectus on the left. CT investigations. scans and MRI showed an increase in the size of the lesion. A craniotomy revealed a firm, whitish tissue which was adherent to the dura, Neurological symptoms, including cranial extended to the cavernous sinus, and reached neuropathies, aseptic meningitis, hydrocepha- the sphenoid wing. -
Cerebrospinal Fluid Dissemination and Neoplastic Meningitis in Primary Brain Tumors Sajeel Chowdhary, MD, Sherri Damlo, and Marc C
Special Report Cerebrospinal Fluid Dissemination and Neoplastic Meningitis in Primary Brain Tumors Sajeel Chowdhary, MD, Sherri Damlo, and Marc C. Chamberlain, MD Background: Neoplastic meningitis, also known as leptomeningeal disease, affects the entire neuraxis. The clinical manifestations of the disease may affect the cranial nerves, cerebral hemispheres, or the spine. Because of the extent of disease involvement, treatment options and disease staging should involve all compartments of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and subarachnoid space. Few studies of patients with primary brain tumors have specifically addressed treatment for the secondary complication of neoplastic meningitis. Therapy for neoplastic meningitis is palliative in nature and, rarely, may have a curative intent. Methods: A review of the medical literature pertinent to neoplastic meningitis in primary brain tumors was performed. The complication of neoplastic meningitis is described in detail for the various types of primary brain tumors. Results: Treatment of neoplastic meningitis is complicated because determining who should receive ag- gressive, central nervous system (CNS)–directed therapy is difficult. In general, the therapeutic response of neoplastic meningitis is a function of CSF cytology and, secondarily, of the clinical improvement in neuro- logical manifestations related to the disease. CSF cytology may manifest a rostrocaudal disassociation; thus, consecutive, negative findings require that both lumbar and ventricular cytological testing are performed to confirm the complete response. Based on data from several prospective, randomized trials extrapolated to primary brain tumors, the median rate of survival for neoplastic meningitis is several months. Oftentimes, therapy directed at palliation may improve quality of life by protecting patients from experiencing continued neurological deterioration. -
Laboratory Guide 2021 Valid from 1St January 2021 Cover: Daniel Odukoya, BMS, Laboratory Supervisor Within Molecular Pathology Handling PCR Samples
Laboratory Guide 2021 Valid from 1st January 2021 Cover: Daniel Odukoya, BMS, Laboratory Supervisor within Molecular Pathology handling PCR samples. TAP4557/22-11-20/V3 Laboratory Guide 2021 Valid from 1st January 2021 TDL Customer Charter We are committed to being the most helpful pathology service in the UK. Our goal is always to provide a high level of service to our customers, who request pathology services, for their patients. This is a philosophy shared by all Sonic Healthcare Pathology practices. We are medically led, and patients are our first concern. We always try to look to improve our operational expertise, and we strive to provide professional leadership within our specialities. We promise to provide easy access to our pathology services • We will always provide a friendly, helpful service. • Our automated laboratory departments operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and we aim to achieve, or improve, our published turnaround times. • Our medical consultants and laboratory teams are available to provide additional clarification, advice or information for tests or results. We promise to help you • We invest in technical and operational excellence, with an extensive test repertoire, to ensure access to a leading-edge laboratory service. • We return results using the reporting method choice, in an as organised and safe way as possible. We promise to support the communities we work in • We do our utmost to provide a service, even during extreme external disruptions beyond our control. • We are committed to our staff’s continued professional development. • We have an organised programme to provide young people with work experience. -
I. Nervous System Vasculitis 1 Chapter 1 the Clinical Approach to Patients with Vasculitis 3 David S
Complimentary Contributor Copy Complimentary Contributor Copy PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE 21ST CENTURY THE VASCULITIDES VOLUME 2 NERVOUS SYSTEM VASCULITIS AND TREATMENT (SECOND EDITION) No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. Complimentary Contributor Copy PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE 21ST CENTURY Additional books and e-books in this series can be found on Nova’s website under the Series tab. Complimentary Contributor Copy PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE 21ST CENTURY THE VASCULITIDES VOLUME 2 NERVOUS SYSTEM VASCULITIS AND TREATMENT (SECOND EDITION) DAVID S. YOUNGER, MD, MPH, MS EDITOR Complimentary Contributor Copy Copyright © 2019 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic, tape, mechanical photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. We have partnered with Copyright Clearance Center to make it easy for you to obtain permissions to reuse content from this publication. Simply navigate to this publication’s page on Nova’s website and locate the “Get Permission” button below the title description. -
New Techniques for Brain Disorders Marc Lévêque
Marc Lévêque Psychosurgery New Techniques for Brain Disorders Preface by Bart Nuttin Afterword by Marwan Hariz 123 Psychosurgery Marc Lévêque Psychosurgery New Techniques for Brain Disorders Preface by Bart Nuttin Afterword by Marwan Hariz 123 Marc Lévêque Service de Neurochirurgie Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière Paris France ISBN 978-3-319-01143-1 ISBN 978-3-319-01144-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-01144-8 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013946891 Illustration: Charlotte Porcheron ([email protected]) Translation: Noam Cochin Translation from the French language edition ‘Psychochirurgie’ de Marc Lévêque, Ó Springer-Verlag France, Paris, 2013; ISBN: 978-2-8178-0453-8 Ó Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. -
Bilateral Stereotactic Anterior Cingulotomy Is Effective in The
Case Report Bilateral Stereotactic Anterior Cingulotomy is Effective in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Psychosis and Impulse Control Disorders Caused by Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report Chottiwat Tansirisithikul MD*, Bunpot Sitthinamsuwan MD, MSc*, Umpaikanit Samanwongthai MD**, Sarutabhandu Chakrabhandu Na Ayutaya MD***, Sarun Nunta-aree MD, PhD* * Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand ** Srithanya Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand *** Sakaeo Rajanagarindra Psychiatic Hospital, Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health, Sakaeo, Thailand Background: Psychotic disorders due to traumatic brain injury (PDDTBI) represent severe form of neuropsychiatric problems that can occur after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Some patients develop treatment-refractory psychiatric symptoms. Psychosurgery is a viable option with good efficacy in such debilitating cases. Objective: To report efficacy of anterior cingulotomy for suppressing intractable psychotic and impulsive symptoms caused by TBI. Case Report: The authors report a case of 37-year-old male with a history of TBI which required craniectomy with hematoma evacuation and subsequent cranioplasty. He developed severe paranoid delusion with auditory hallucination, anxiety and impulsivity. The patient was admitted to the psychiatric hospital for recurrent, severe, treatment-refractory psychotic symptoms and impulsivity. Despite multiple drug regimens, his psychiatric symptoms did not improve. He underwent psychosurgery using bilateral anterior cingulotomy. Results: His symptoms were significantly improved after the surgery. His delusion, hallucination and impulsivity disappeared and his mood became stable. He could resume daily activity. There was no recurrent symptom at 2 years postoperatively. Conclusion: Anterior cingulotomy is an effective treatment option for refractory PDDTBI, especially if the psychotic manifestation coincides with affective symptoms. -
Oral Presentations 2014 AANS Annual Scientific Meeting San Francisco, California • April 5–9, 2014 (DOI: 10.3171/2015.6.JNS.Aans2014abstracts)
Oral Presentations 2014 AANS Annual Scientific Meeting San Francisco, California • April 5–9, 2014 (DOI: 10.3171/2015.6.JNS.AANS2014abstracts) 601 Prospective, Multicenter Assessment of Acute Neurologic Best International Abstract Award Complications following Complex Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: The Scoli‑RISK‑1 Study 600 5‑Aminolevulinic acid fluorescence exceeds Gd‑DTPA enhanced intraoperative MRI in tumor detection at the border of glioblastoma multiforme: A prospective study based on a Michael G. Fehlings, MD, PhD, FAANS, FRCS (Toronto, histopathological assessment. Canada); Lawrence Lenke, MD (St Louis, MO); Christopher Shaffrey, MD (Charlottesville, VA); Kenneth Cheung, MD Jan Coburger, M.D.; Jens Engelke, MD; Angelika Scheuerle, (Hong Kong, China); Leah Carreon, MD (Louisville, KY); MD; Dietmar Thal, MD, PhD; Michal Hlavac, MD (Günzburg, Mark Dekutoski, MD (Rochester, MN); Frank Schwab, MD; Germany); Thomas Kretschmer, MD, PhD (Oldenburg, Germany); Oheneba Boachie‑Ajei, MD (New York, NY); Khaled Kebaish, Christian Wirtz, MD, PhD; Ralph König, MD, PhD (Günzburg, MD (Baltimore, MD); Christopher Ames, MD (San Francisco, Germany) CA); Yong Qiu, MD (Nanjing, China); Yukihiro Matsuyama, MD (Hamamatsu, Japan); Benny Dahl, MD (Copenhagen, Denmark); Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) shows an Hossein Mehdian, MD (Nottingham, United Kingdom); Ferran invasive growth pattern extending into neural tissue beyond Pellisé‑Urquiza, MD (Barcelona, Spain); Stephen Lewis, MD margins of contrast enhancement in MRI. Aim of the present study (Toronto, Canada); Sigurd Berven, MD (San Francisco, CA) is to evaluate whether 5 aminolevulinic‑acid fluorescence(5‑ALA) provides an additional benefit to detect invasive tumor compared Introduction: The neurologic complication rate following to intraoperative MRI(iMRI). complex adult spinal deformity surgery (ASD) has not been Methods: We prospectively enrolled 34 patients harboring a ascertained in any prospective, multicenter, observational study. -