Former BigLaw Associate Gets 5 Years in $5m Ponzi Scheme That Bilked Friends and Relatives

A former Skadden Arps lawyer who cheated friends and relatives of life savings in a Ponzi scheme and then tried to kill himself was sentenced in New York to five years in prison Thursday, reports the Associated Press and the New York Post.

His crime was revealed when he wrote a long suicide note and jumped into the Hudson River in a 2014 suicide attempt that ended with his rescue by police divers.

A U.S. District Court judge gave Bennett a sentence at the high end of federal sentencing guidelines. She announced it after hearing several of the 58-year-old’s friends describe giving hundreds of thousands of dollars for a supposedly safe investment. Some of them told the judge he is a “pathological liar.”

Read the AP story and the Post story.

On the Nature of Being Mistaken in Contract Image created by Meredith Atwater for opensource.com

It is possible to be mistaken about the existence or terms of an agreement and for that mistake to thereby prove that no contract exists, writes Glenn West in Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP’s Global Private Equity Watch.

As a general rule, being mistaken about whether you contracted, or what you contracted for, does not mean that a contract does not exist based upon the terms of the written agreement you signed. A party’s protestations that he or she did not understand the agreement, or believed it said something other than what it said, or that the words used in the agreement meant something other than what they are determined by a court to mean, will generally not be entertained by a court,” he wrote.

He discusses the case of Patterson v. CitiMortgage, Inc., which illustrates that “a unilateral mistake made by a party that is not made manifest to the other party will not be a basis for reformation because, absent knowledge of the mistaken belief, the other party is entitled to rely on the written agreement as manifesting the intentions of the otherwise mistaken party.”

Read the article.

Reverse Break-Up Fees and Specific Performance: A Survey of Remedies

Thomson Reuters is offering a complimentary copy of the 2016 edition of Practical Law’s study, Reverse Break-Up Fees and Specific Performance: A Survey of Remedies for Financing and Antitrust Failure.

This year’s edition analyzed all 85 merger agreements entered into in 2015 for debt-financed acquisitions of U.S. reporting companies in deals valued at $100 million or more. The study provides a detailed guide to the negotiation of remedies for buyer breach by:

Examining how deal characteristics such as the size of the transaction and the profile of the buyer affect the negotiation of enforcement and monetary remedies. Reviewing the sizes of reverse break-up fees in leveraged deals as percentages of deal value and as multiples of the target company’s break-up fee, and compares reverse break-up fees that cap the damages payable by the buyer against those that do not. Analyzing other techniques for allocating risk in debt- financed transactions, including the buyer’s financing covenants, the definition of the lenders’ marketing period, and the agreement’s “Xerox” provisions.

New this year, the study contains a supplement analyzing antitrust-triggered reverse break-up fees and other mechanisms for allocating the risk of antitrust failure. For this inquiry, the study surveyed all 49 agreements in the Practical Law What’s Market M&A database for 2015 that contained a reverse break-up fee payable for antitrust failure. These included 27 agreements for the acquisition of a US reporting company in deals valued at $100 million or more and 22 publicly filed agreements for private M&A deals involving the acquisition of a US company or business valued at $25 million or more.

Download the study and receive free temporary access to Practical Law online resources.

Judge: ’ Billionaire Wyly Brothers Committed Tax Fraud

A federal bankruptcy judge in Dallas ruled late Tuesday that Dallas entrepreneurs Sam and committed tax fraud when they created a series of offshore trusts in the Isle of Man in the 1990s to shield more than $1 billion for the family tax-free, according to a report in The Dallas Morning News.

There is “clear and convincing evidence” that the “heart of the Wyly offshore system had been established through deceptive and fraudulent actions,” wrote U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Barbara Houser.

“The IRS claims that the Wylys, who made billions of dollars growing and then selling Michaels Stores and Bonanza steakhouses, set up the series of offshore trusts in the Isle of Man in order to hide income from being taxed, while still using the money in the trusts to fund a lavish lifestyle,” the report says.

Under the ruling, Sam Wyly, the surviving brother, could be required to pay the IRS as much as $1.4 billion in back taxes and penalties.

Read the article.

What is a Smart Contract and What’s It Good For?

Blockchain technology is gaining attention for its promise to enable value and asset transfer across a wide range of industries and use cases — and its potential to disintermediate financial institutions, remittance companies and lots of other transactional middleman businesses, according to a report written by Sue Troy, an editorial director at TechTarget. Smart contracts, meanwhile, work hand- in-hand with blockchain technology and have the potential to automate — and also disrupt — processes in many industries.

“Whereas a traditional legal contract defines the rules around an agreement between multiple people or parties, smart contracts go a step further and actually enforce those rules by controlling the transfer of currency or assets under specific conditions,” she explains.

She discusses sample use cases for the insurance industry, real estate, and supply chain. Read the article.

Liberty Reserve Head Sentenced to 20 Years in Prison

A federal judge sentenced the leader of digital currency company Liberty Reserve to 20 years in prison for running a global money-laundering scheme that prosecutors said was unprecedented in size and scope, reportsReuters .

Arthur Budovsky, 42, had earlier pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to launder money related to his role in Liberty Reserve, which allowed cybercriminals to conceal and move their illegal proceeds anonymously through a digital currency. Authorities shut down the company in 2013.

“Liberty Reserve operated a widely used digital currency, processing more than $8 billion in financial transactions and earning Budovsky over $25 million, prosecutors said,” according to the report. “Much of its business came from criminals seeking to launder proceeds from Ponzi schemes, credit card trafficking, identity thefts and computer hacking, prosecutors said.”

Read the article.

Want to Sue Your Bank? Regulators Push to Make It Easier

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau proposed a rule Thursday that would ban arbitration clauses, which would affect the entire financial industry and the hundreds of millions of bank accounts, credit cards and other financial services Americans use, reports the Associated Press.

“The CFPB’s proposal does have a significant limitation,” the report explains. “The ban would only apply when consumers want to create or join a class-action lawsuit. Financial companies will still be able to force individuals to settle disputes through arbitration; however cases where a lone customer wants to sue his or her bank are far less common.”

The financial industry claims that arbitration is a more efficient way for customers to resolve disputes, and a study commissioned by the CFPB in lends that claim some credence. “However, when large numbers of customers were negatively impacted by the same issue, the same study showed arbitration clauses hinder the ability for customers to seek relief,” the AP report says.

Read the article.

CFPB Arbitration Rule Vulnerable to Legal Challenge, Industry Lawyers Say

Financial services lawyers are predicting that efforts by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to prevent companies from keeping consumer complaints out of a courtroom will wind up being challenged in court, reports .

A rule proposed by the agency Thursday would prohibit financial companies from using mandatory-arbitration clauses as a way to block class-action lawsuits, according to the report. “While companies would still be able to require consumers to enter arbitration to resolve individual disputes, the elimination of the no-class arbitration provisions would strip away incentives for companies to include arbitration clauses in their contracts. And many are predicting that as a result, companies would discontinue using them.”

But the CFPB counters that class actions are a “more effective means for consumers to challenge problematic practices by … companies” than arbitration, which it says gives financial service providers an unfair advantage over customers.

Read the report.

Former Assistant Director and Deputy GC of CFPB, Joins Stroock in Washington

Quyen Truong, former assistant director and deputy general counsel of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), has joined Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP as a partner in the firm’s Washington, DC office.

Truong, a member of the firm’s national Financial Services/Class Action Practice Group, was instrumental in building the new federal agency while implementing the Dodd- Frank Act for finance reform, the firm says in a release. Among other responsibilities, she advised leadership on analysis of consumer financial laws, oversaw review of all enforcement actions and responded to legal challenges to the agency.

“Quyen’s proven track record bridging the technical complexities of financial reforms and their regulatory implications will complement our already prominent Financial Services/Class Action practice and enhance our ability to provide high level strategy and counsel to our clients,” stated Julia Strickland, chair of the Financial Services/Class Action Practice Group and a member of the firm’s Executive Committee. “We are thrilled that she chose Stroock when she decided to return to the private legal sector.”

While at the CFPB from 2012-2016, Truong was instrumental in helping the Bureau to define the scope of its authorities and develop a new regulatory and enforcement framework for the financial industry. As a senior leader at the CFPB, she represented the Bureau on the inter-agency Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), managed enterprise risks, and coordinated activities with the Department of Justice, Federal Trade Commission, and banking regulators in high stakes litigation, regulatory and oversight proceedings. As head of litigation, she also directed the CFPB’s amicus program to advance the agency’s policy and legal interpretations in private litigation.

“Stroock to me epitomizes an ideal law firm in which to work with the financial industry, because of the high quality of its lawyers, their focus on this industry, and their close relationships with market leaders,” says Truong. “The firm and its clients share my belief that doing right by customers is crucial to achieving business success. I am confident that as we continue to build the practice, we will advance both business and consumer interests.”

Prior to joining the CFPB, Truong served at the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) as risk management and litigation counsel where she oversaw the investigation and litigation of claims of regulatory violation, fraud, officer/director and other professional liability, following the financial crisis. In addition, she has held public and private positions with Dow Lohnes PLLC, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Howrey LLP and Mayer Brown LLP.

“Quyen’s unique government background, coupled with her 25 years of regulatory policy, compliance and litigation experience adds significant value for our market-leading financial services clients,” noted Alan M. Klinger, Stroock’s co-managing partner. “We embrace every opportunity to grow our Washington, DC office through highly talented and skilled legal leaders from the government sector.” Truong received her J.D. from Yale Law School where she was a John M. Olin Fellow in Law, Economics & Public Policy, and her B.A. from Yale University, summa cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa.

The End of Consumer Arbitration As We Know It?

As a result of the passage of the Dodd-Frank Act in 2010, the use of mandatory pre-dispute arbitration in consumer transactions has become tenuous, according to an article written by Maurice Shevin for Sirote & Permutt, PC.

He explains that the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau was instructed by law to study and evaluate the effect of such mandatory clauses, and it has been doing so almost since its inception.

“The CFPB holds yet another public forum on the subject in May. I won’t be surprised to see a Proposed Rule come out of this hearing that announces the intent of the CFPB to suppress the use of mandatory arbitration. If the CFPB stays true to form, it will give creditors a period of time to comply with any Rule that it may adopt, Shevin writes.”

Read the article.

The Blockchain Revolution, Smart Contracts and Financial Transactions

Blockchain-based smart contracts have enormous potential to streamline financial transactions and reduce the counterparty risk associated with monitoring or enforcing contractual obligations, write Nicolette Kost De Sevres, Bart Chilton and Bradley Cohen in an article published on the website of DLA Piper.

“Although the blockchain was developed to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions, entrepreneurs are now developing the technology for use in smart contracts,” the explain. “To develop a smart contract, the terms that make up a traditional contract are coded and uploaded to the blockchain, producing a decentralized smart contract that does not rely on a third party for recordkeeping or enforcement. Contractual clauses are automatically executed when pre-programed conditions are satisfied. This eliminates any ambiguity regarding the terms of the agreement and any disagreement concerning the existence of external dependencies.”

Read the article.

What Can Be Learned From the Panama Papers About the Cloud?

According to Grant Gross from IDG News Service, the banking document record leak now are known as the Panama Papers included 11.5 million confidential documents dating from the 1970s through to late 2015 — 4.8 million emails, 3 million database format files, 2.2. Million PDFs, 1.1 million images and 320,000 text documents. All of these documents were from Panama Law Firm Mossack Fonseca.

Allegedly these leaked documents reveal how dozens of high- profile professionals including public officials in countries including the U.K., France, and China have hidden their wealth abroad to avoid paying taxes, ContractRoom reports on its website.

What is clear is that if indeed these files were hacked from emails or off the server of Mossack Fonseca, this firm was not using a Cloud platform with proper security and encryption to store their documents. It appears they were using an on-site server.

Read the article.

Former Sprint Executives Sue U.S. for Allegedly Hiding EY Probe

Former Sprint Corp chief executive William Esrey and former chief operating officer Ronald LeMay sued the United States government for allegedly concealing its investigation into accounting firm Ernst & Young LLP’s promotion of tax shelters sold to the executives, Reuters is reporting.

The suit involves a 2002 investigation into Ernst & Young’s promotion of tax shelters to its clients, including the two executives and settled the audit with EY in July 2003, without informing the executives, the lawsuit said.

The plaintiffs alleged that the IRS helped EY conceal the details of investigation from them, which meant they could not defend themselves against allegations by Sprint about their participation in the EY-promoted tax shelter schemes, Reuters reports.

Read the article.

Former BigLaw Counsel Who Lied to Lenders in Maxim Deal Gets Jail

Harvey Newkirk, a former lawyer at Bryan Cave LLP was sentenced to six months in prison for lying to lenders as part of a failed scheme to buy Maxim Magazine through impersonation, a false e-mail and stolen money, reports Bloomberg BNA.

New York prosecutors wanted the judge to sentence Newkirk, 39, to a “significant term of imprisonment,” describing him as “a facile liar lacking shame, remorse or sympathy for his many victims.” Newkirk’s lawyers sought probation, saying he was a “precocious only child born into a family of God” who lost his job and suffered from the shame of a criminal conviction.

Newkirk, while not part of the most “despicable aspects” of the scheme, “was a knowing and willful perpetrator of fraud in his own part,” U.S. District Judge Jed Rakoff in Manhattan said Thursday at his sentencing. “The jury’s verdict was amply deserved.” He could have been sentenced to more than 17 years in prison under federal sentencing guidelines, the Bloomberg report says.

Read the article.

Latham & Watkins Advises Second Genome in $42.6 Million Series B Financing

Second Genome, Inc., a privately-held biopharmaceutical company developing novel medicines through innovative microbiome science, has closed an oversubscribed Series B investment round with $42.6 million in financing, co-led by Pfizer Venture Investments and Roche Venture Fund.

The company was advised in the financing by Latham & Watkins LLP corporate partner Mark Roeder and associate Alexander White in the firm’s Silicon Valley office.

The round brings the combined total investment in the company to $59 million. The round also included new investors Digitalis Ventures, Adveq, LifeForce Capital, MBL Venture Capital, and Mayo Clinic, as well as Series A investors Advanced Technology Ventures, Morgenthaler Ventures, Seraph Group, and individual investor Matthew Winkler, Ph.D.

The funds will be used to further expand the Second Genome Microbiome Discovery Platform in a range of indications associated with barrier function, insulin sensitivity, and immune regulation. In addition, proceeds from the financing will be used to advance the clinical investigation of SGM-1019, a small molecule inhibitor of a key microbiome- mediated target to address inflammation and pain in ulcerative colitis, through human proof-of-concept studies.

“Our approach to developing novel therapeutics based on secreted functional proteins, peptides, and metabolites from the microbiome is highly relevant to the pharmaceutical industry. The progress made by our team to date has allowed us to attract significant interest from a premier group of investors, including Pfizer Venture Investments and Roche Venture Fund,” said Peter DiLaura, Second Genome’s CEO. “This financing will enable us to accelerate our efforts to scale our unique microbiome discovery platform and reach several major inflection points, including key milestones for the SGM-1019 clinical program and other therapeutic programs.”

In conjunction with the new financing, Elaine Jones, Ph.D., Executive Director of Pfizer Venture Investments, and Carole Nuechterlein, Head of Roche Venture Fund, will join the Second Genome Board of Directors.

“Second Genome has demonstrated early success in accessing the previously overlooked and untapped potential of the microbiome in drug discovery and development,” said Dr. Jones. “The company has developed a unique platform and the deep scientific expertise required to create value by mining the microbiome to build a pipeline of novel therapeutics for a broad range of chronic conditions with high unmet medical need.”

Second Genome‘s Microbiome Discovery Platform combines genomics technologies, computational biology, and phenotypic screening to identify novel proteins, peptides, and metabolites from the microbiome that play a causal role in human disease and wellness.

Schiff Hardin Adds Financial Services Investigations Partner in D.C.

Michael J. Rivera has joined Schiff Hardin LLP as a partner in the Financial Markets and Products Group.

The firm said Rivera defends businesses and individuals in criminal and civil government investigations and enforcement proceedings and conducts internal investigations.

He has experience in securities and financial investigations by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) and Department of Justice (DOJ). He also counsels companies on compliance and regulatory issues under the federal securities, anti-money laundering, and anti-corruption (FCPA) laws.

He is resident in the firm’s Washington, D.C. and New York offices.

In a release, the firm said:

In addition to working over two decades in private practice at Fried Frank LLP, and, most recently, Venable LLP, Mike gained valuable experience as a government investigator and prosecutor. From 2010-2013, Mike served as Chief Investigative Counsel for the Office of the Special Inspector General for the Troubled Asset Relief Program (SIGTARP). At SIGTARP, Mike managed a premier white collar fraud unit of seasoned federal prosecutors and law enforcement agents engaged in investigations and prosecutions of complex financial frauds. Mike also functioned as SIGTARP’s lead liaison to the senior staff of law enforcement agencies, federal prosecutor offices, securities and bank regulators, and President Obama’s Financial Fraud Enforcement Task Force (FFETF). “Mike’s breadth of experience makes him a valuable counselor to a wide variety of our clients, from public companies, hedge funds, and accounting firms to securities professionals, executives, and lawyers,” said Marci A. Eisenstein, Schiff Hardin’s Managing Partner. “He is a welcome addition to our firm, particularly as we build out our regulatory capabilities in Washington, D.C.”

Paul Dengel, leader of the firm’s Financial Markets and Products Group, said, “As a public servant, Mike led complex, high-profile securities fraud investigations. In private practice, he helps clients understand, anticipate, and respond to investigations. Relying on his counsel, our clients can make smarter compliance decisions.”

Mike began his legal career as a staff attorney in the Enforcement Division of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), where he conducted investigations into insider trading, disclosure and reporting violations, fraudulent securities transactions, and other violations of the federal securities laws.

“Given the current regulatory and enforcement climate, companies must be more mindful than ever of their compliance policies and obligations,” said Mike. “I look forward to advising Schiff Hardin’s clients on current and pending securities regulations and, when necessary, guiding them through complex investigations and enforcement proceedings.”

Mike earned his J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania Law School and his B.S. from St. John’s University, where he graduated magna cum laude.

How Close Are Smart Contracts to Impacting Real-World Law?

Josh Stark, lawyer and head of operations and legal at blockchain consulting firm Ledger Labs, comments in an opinion piece on CoinDesk on “smart contracts” as an alternative form of legal agreement, speculating on how they could come to impact his industry.

“Banks, exchanges, and other financial institutions are actively developing blockchain technologies that will enable them to store and trade real assets over blockchain systems. Nasdaq, in partnership with blockchain startup Chain, has developed and begun testing a private-market equity trading platform,” he writes.

“The impact will not be limited to financial contracts, although these are the most obvious use cases. As techniques are developed that enable other types of property to be recorded and transacted on a blockchain, the possible applications for smart contracts will multiply,” he adds.

Read the article.

The Department of Labor Issues Final Fiduciary Rules

On April 6, 2016, after more than five years of anticipation, the Department of Labor (DOL) issued the final fiduciary rule and related guidance. The final fiduciary rule amends and expands the definition of a fiduciary that provides “investment advice” to reflect changes in the financial industry and the state of investment advice as it exists today, reports Sherman & Howard LLC.

“The final rule focuses on ‘conflicts of interest,’ and serves to sweep in a large number of investment advisers who were not previously treated as fiduciaries under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). To temper the scope and impact of the final rule, the DOL also issued two new prohibited transaction exemptions (along with certain amendments to existing exemptions),” the report says. in the article, the firm offers guidance intended to address concerns of these investment advisers with respect to certain prohibited transactions under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code, while still protecting retirement plans and participants.

Read the article.

U.S. Judge Orders Deposition of Bernard Madoff

A federal judge has ordered Bernard Madoff to submit to a deposition by lawyers for some former customers who lost money when the imprisoned swindler’s firm collapsed in December 2008, Reuters reports.

But the bankruptcy judge in Manhattan set strict limits on what Madoff can be asked, restricting questions to the meaning of more than 91,000 transactions recorded as “profit withdrawal” on the books of the former Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC.

“Madoff, 77, would be deposed at the North Carolina prison where he is serving a 150-year sentence for running a huge Ponzi scheme,” according to the report.

Read the article.

CFTC Issues $10M Whistleblower Award

The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) Whistleblower Office announced on April 4 that it would issue an award of more than $10 million to a whistleblower whose information led to a successful CFTC enforcement action, reports Katz, Marshall & Banks on its website.

“The award was the largest the agency has ever issued. The recipient of the award and the company penalized were not disclosed — steps purposefully taken by the CFTC to protect the confidentiality of whistleblowers who are concerned about the effect that blowing the whistle may have on their career,” the firm wrote.

“Awards like this one show whistleblowers that blowing the whistle is worth the risk, and will go a long way toward solidifying the CFTC Whistleblower Program,” saidLisa J. Banks a partner in the firm.

Read the article.